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JP2001303934A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents

内燃機関の排気浄化装置

Info

Publication number
JP2001303934A
JP2001303934A JP17563798A JP17563798A JP2001303934A JP 2001303934 A JP2001303934 A JP 2001303934A JP 17563798 A JP17563798 A JP 17563798A JP 17563798 A JP17563798 A JP 17563798A JP 2001303934 A JP2001303934 A JP 2001303934A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
amount
exhaust gas
reducing agent
nox
urea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP17563798A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Shinya Hirota
信也 広田
Toshiaki Tanaka
俊明 田中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to JP17563798A priority Critical patent/JP2001303934A/ja
Priority to ES99926774T priority patent/ES2367719T3/es
Priority to EP05019692A priority patent/EP1604728A3/en
Priority to EP05019695A priority patent/EP1605144B1/en
Priority to EP05019694A priority patent/EP1609978A1/en
Priority to CN99807764A priority patent/CN1111641C/zh
Priority to DE69936803T priority patent/DE69936803T2/de
Priority to EP05019691A priority patent/EP1602403A3/en
Priority to PCT/JP1999/003349 priority patent/WO1999067511A1/ja
Priority to KR10-2000-7014683A priority patent/KR100413302B1/ko
Priority to ES05019695T priority patent/ES2292032T3/es
Priority to EP99926774A priority patent/EP1106799B9/en
Priority to EP05019693A priority patent/EP1609977A3/en
Publication of JP2001303934A publication Critical patent/JP2001303934A/ja
Priority to US10/943,946 priority patent/US6959540B2/en
Priority to US11/142,242 priority patent/US7086222B2/en
Priority to US11/142,355 priority patent/US20050204729A1/en
Priority to US11/142,329 priority patent/US7272924B2/en
Priority to US11/142,467 priority patent/US7086223B2/en
Priority to US11/142,241 priority patent/US20050262832A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
    • F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
    • F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/063—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction zeolites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
    • F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/18—Ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F01N2610/146—Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】加速時、リーンＮＯｘ触媒によるＮＯｘ浄化率
を向上させることができる。 【解決手段】 排気管内にリーンＮＯｘ触媒３を設け、
このＮＯｘ触媒３に供給する還元剤量を排気ガス温度、
機関負荷、回転数の内の少なくとも１つのパラメータに
応じて制御する還元剤量制御手段１３を備えた内燃機関
の排気浄化装置において、機関運転状態が減速開始から
加速開始までの期間内に、排気ガス中の還元剤量を増大
させ、ＮＯｘ触媒３内に吸着させる。そして、加速開始
後、吸着した還元剤が放出されＮＯｘと反応するので、
加速時のＮＯｘ浄化率を向上させることができる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、内燃機関の排気浄
化に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】内燃機関の排気通路に窒素酸化物（以下
ＮＯｘ）を浄化するためのリーンＮＯｘ触媒と、該ＮＯ
ｘ触媒の上流の排気通路内に尿素を供給する尿素供給手
段を備え、排気ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度に応じて尿素供給手
段から供給する尿素量を決定することで、車外へ尿素が
放出されることなくまた排気ガス中のＮＯｘをすべて還
元除去することができる内燃機関の排気浄化装置が開示
されている（実開平０３−１２９７１２号公報参照）。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、リーンＮＯ
ｘ触媒はその表面に還元剤を吸着したり、吸着した還元
剤を放出する作用を有し、排気ガス中のＮＯｘが還元剤
によって還元されるメカニズムは、リーンＮＯｘ触媒上
で排気ガス中のＮＯｘが排気ガス中に含まれる還元剤と
反応する場合とＮＯｘ触媒表面に一旦吸着した還元剤が
放出されてＮＯｘと反応する場合の２通りがあり、この
２通りの反応性を比べると、ＮＯｘ触媒表面に吸着した
還元剤が放出されてＮＯｘと反応する方が反応性が良い
と考えられる。さらに、この触媒に吸着する還元剤量は
リーンＮＯｘ触媒温度が低いほど多く、従って機関運転
状態が高負荷から低負荷へ変化する際にはリーンＮＯｘ
触媒に吸着可能な還元剤量は増大し、機関運転状態が低
負荷から高負荷へ変化する際にはリーンＮＯｘ触媒に吸
着可能な還元剤量は減少することが明らかとなった。し
かしながら、上記従来技術においては、機関運転状態が
高負荷から低負荷へ変化した後再度高負荷に変化する直
前までの期間において排気ガス中のＮＯｘ量に応じた還
元剤量しか供給していないため、リーンＮＯｘ触媒に還
元剤が吸着可能な状態であるにもかかわらず還元剤が十
分吸着されていない。そして、その後の高負荷に変化す
る加速時には、排気ガス中に大量にＮＯｘが排出され、
それに応じて還元剤を多量に供給したとしてもＮＯｘと
還元剤との反応性は低いため十分にＮＯｘを浄化するこ
とが難しかった。
【０００４】本発明は、上記問題に鑑み、加速時におけ
るＮＯｘ浄化率を向上させる内燃機関の排気浄化装置を
提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項１によれ
ば、酸素過剰の排気ガスが流れている排気管内にＮＯｘ
触媒を設け、該ＮＯｘ触媒上流の排気ガス中の還元剤量
を排気ガス温度、機関負荷、回転数の内の少なくとも１
つのパラメータに応じて制御する還元剤量制御手段を備
えた内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、機関運転状態が
減速開始から加速開始までの期間内に、排気ガス中の還
元剤量を前記還元剤量制御手段により定められた還元剤
量より増大させる増大手段を備えたことを特徴とする内
燃機関の排気浄化装置が提供される。
【０００６】すなわち、請求項１の発明では、機関運転
状態が減速開始から加速開始までの期間内に予め定めら
れた還元剤量よりも余分に供給し、この余分に供給され
た還元剤は、リーンＮＯｘ触媒の温度が低下しているた
め、リーンＮＯｘ触媒内に吸着することになる。その後
の加速時には排気ガス温度の上昇に伴ってリーンＮＯｘ
触媒温度も上昇し、吸着していた還元剤が放出されると
同時に多量に排出された排気ガス中のＮＯｘと反応させ
ることができる。
【０００７】本発明の請求項２によれば、前記ＮＯｘ触
媒上流側の排気管に還元剤である尿素を供給制御する尿
素供給制御装置を設けた請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排
気浄化装置が提供される。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明の排気浄化装置を自
動車用内燃機関に適用した場合の実施形態の概略構成を
示す図である。ここで、内燃機関とは、排出される排気
ガスが酸素過剰となるガソリンエンジンであってもよい
が、ここではディーゼルエンジンにおける実施形態を説
明することにする。図１を参照すると、ディーゼル機関
本体１の排気系２にリーンＮＯｘ触媒３が設けられてい
る。ここで、リーンＮＯｘ触媒とは酸素過剰下において
還元剤（例えば炭化水素，尿素）とＮＯｘとを選択的に
反応させることで、ＮＯｘを浄化する選択還元型ＮＯｘ
触媒のことを示している。具体的にはリーンＮＯｘ触媒
３は例えばチタニア、アルミナ又はゼオライトを担体と
し、この担体上には酸化活性能を有する白金Ｐｔのよう
な貴金属が担持されている。さらに、このリーンＮＯｘ
触媒３の上流には還元剤として尿素を添加する尿素供給
装置１３が設けられており、この尿素供給装置１３は液
体尿素を充填した尿素ボンベ１５へバルブ６を介して接
続される。尚、本実施態様では尿素ボンベ１５を設けて
いるが、それに限定されるものではなく図示しない固体
尿素を蓄えておき、還元剤として排気系２の添加する量
に相当する固体尿素を取り出して加熱し、固体尿素が液
化又は気化となった状態で排気系２に添加するようなシ
ステムであっても良い。さらには、還元剤として尿素で
はなく炭化水素としてもよい。このバルブ６の開度は、
電子制御ユニット（ＥＣＵ）２０の制御により対応する
アクチュエータ１６により調節され、この開度量によっ
て排気系２内に供給する尿素の供給量および供給開始・
停止が決まる。
【０００９】電子制御ユニット（ＥＣＵ）２０は、デジ
タルコンピュータからなり、図示しない双方向バスによ
って相互に接続されたＲＯＭ（リードオンリメモリ）、
ＲＡＭ（ランダムアクセスメモリ）、ＣＰＵ（中央処理
装置）、入力ポートおよび出力ポートを備える。機関１
には機関冷却水温に比例した出力電圧を発生する水温セ
ンサ２７が取り付けられ、リーンＮＯｘ触媒３の上流側
排気系２内には排気ガスの温度に比例した出力電圧を発
生する温度センサ２５が取り付けられる。上記温度セン
サ２５で検出された排気ガスの温度はリーンＮＯｘ触媒
３の温度ＴＥＸを表わしている。また、アクセル開度セ
ンサ２４はアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌを検出しその開
度に比例した出力信号を発生する。これらのセンサ２
４，２５，２７の出力電圧は夫々対応するＡＤ変換器４
３を介して入力ポートに入力される。また、入力ポート
にはクランク角度を検出するクランク角センサ２３の出
力信号が直接入力され、ＣＰＵにより機関１の回転数Ｎ
が演算される。一方、出力ポートからは、対応する駆動
回路へ制御信号が出力され、それぞれアクチュエータ１
６を駆動してバルブ６の開度を調節する。
【００１０】図示しない燃焼室に燃料（軽油）を噴射す
る燃料噴射弁からの燃料噴射量Ｑは図２に示されるよう
にアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌおよび機関回転数Ｎに基
いて制御される。なお、図２において各実線Ｑ１，Ｑ
２，Ｑ８・・・（Ｑ，＜Ｑ２＜Ｑ３）は等噴射量を表わ
しており、従って図２からわかるように燃料噴射量Ｑは
アクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌが大きくなるほど増大し、
機関回転数Ｎが高くなるほど減少する。図２に示される
燃料噴射量Ｑとアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌ、機関回転
数Ｎとの関係は予めＲＯＭ３２内に記憶されている。
【００１１】ところで、燃焼室内における平均空燃比が
リーンであるときには機関負荷が高くなるほど単位時間
当り機関から排出されるＮＯｘ量が増大するために単位
時間当りの尿素供給装置１３から供給する還元剤量ＴＲ
ＥＤを増大させ、また機関回転数が高くなるほど単位時
間当り機関から排出されるＮＯｘ量が増大するために単
位時短当りの尿素供給装置１３から供給する還元剤量Ｔ
ＲＥＤを増大させる。従って単位時間当り排気系２に供
給される還元剤量ＴＲＥＤは機関負荷と機関回転数の関
数となる。この場合、機関負荷はアクセルペダルの踏込
み量Ｌでもって代表することができるので単位時間当り
還元剤量ＴＲＥＤはアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌと機関
回転数Ｎの関数となる。従って本発明による実施例では
単位時間当りアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌおよび機関回
転数Ｎの関数として予め実験により求め、このＴＲＥＤ
がＬおよびＮの関数として図３に示すマップの形で予め
ＲＯＭ３２内に記憶されている。
【００１２】さらに、図４に示すように排気ガス中のＮ
ＯｘをリーンＮＯｘ触媒３によって浄化するには、リー
ンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度を考慮しなければならない。即
ち、このリーンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度が低すぎると触媒自
体が活性化しておらずＮＯｘ量に対応した尿素量を供給
してもＮＯｘを浄化できず、逆に、このリーンＮＯｘ触
媒３の温度が高すぎるとＮＯｘ量に対応した尿素量を供
給しても尿素と酸素が反応してしまいＮＯｘを浄化でき
ない。その上、尿素又は尿素と酸素の反応物質（一部は
ＮＯｘとなる）がそのまま車外へ放出されてしまう。そ
こで、本実施例では図５に示すようにリーンＮＯｘ触媒
３の温度がＴ１とＴ２の間にある温度ウィンドウ内に存
在するときのみ尿素を供給している。具体的には、リー
ンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度がＴｍ（ＮＯｘ浄化率が最大とな
る温度）より低くなる程尿素供給量を減少させていき、
リーンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度がＴ１より低い場合は尿素供
給量を停止し、逆に、リーンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度がＴｍ
より高くなる程尿素供給量を減少させていき、リーンＮ
Ｏｘ触媒３の温度がＴ２より高い場合は尿素供給量を停
止する。又、リーンＮＯｘ触媒３の温度がＴｍの時には
図３におけるマップに示すようにアクセルペダルの踏込
み量Ｌおよび機関回転数Ｎに応じて変化している値ＴＲ
ＥＤを最大尿素供給量としている。
【００１３】上記温度ウィンドウ内において尿素供給装
置１３から供給されたＣＯ（ＮＨ2）2（尿素）はリーン
ＮＯｘ触媒３内で例えば（２ＮＯ＋２Ｏ2＋２ＣＯ（Ｎ
Ｈ2）2→３Ｎ2＋２ＣＯ2＋４Ｈ2Ｏ）又は（６ＮＯ＋２
ＣＯ（ＮＨ2）2→５Ｎ2＋２ＣＯ2＋４Ｈ2Ｏ）の反応が
行われる。この反応式に従って排気ガス中に含まれるＮ
Ｏｘは還元され、無害化される。
【００１４】次に、本発明における還元剤の供給制御に
ついて説明する。図６は実施例の尿素供給制御ルーチン
のフローチャートである。本図以降に示すフローチャー
トにおける処理ルーチンは、何れも例えば１０ｍｓｅｃ
の処理周期で実行される。まず、ステップ２０１では、
排気温ＴＥＸ、アクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌ、機関回転
数Ｎを読み込む。そして、ステップ２０２では、図３の
マップに基づいてアクセルペダルの踏込み量Ｌ、機関回
転数Ｎから尿素供給量ＴＲＥＤijを読み出し、さらに図
５のマップに基づいて排気温ＴＥＸ、尿素供給量ＴＲＥ
Ｄijから基本尿素供給量ＢＡＳＩＣを算出する。次に、
ステップ２０３、２０４において機関運転状態を判断し
ている。具体的にはステップ２０３において加速即ちア
クセルペダルの踏み込み量が増大しているか否かを判断
し、加速と判断したときにはステップ２１２に進んで後
述するフラグＣ、Ｄをゼロに置き換えている。一方、加
速でないときにはステップ２０４に進んで減速状態にな
ったか否か即ちアクセル踏み込み量がゼロに変化したか
いなかを判断している。アクセル踏み込み量がゼロに変
化したと判断したときにはステップ２０５に進んでフラ
グＤを１にセットする。尚、上述したようにこのフラグ
Ｄは機関運転状態が加速と判断したときにのみゼロにリ
セットされる。ステップ２０６ではこのフラグＤがセッ
トされているか否かを判断している。このフラグが１に
セットされているときにはさらにステップ２０７に進ん
でカウンタ値Ｃをインクリメントし、ステップ２０８で
このカウンタ値Ｃが所定値以上か否かを判断する。この
ステップ２０８でカウンタ値Ｃが所定値以下であると判
断した時、ステップ２０６で減速状態となっていなかっ
たと判断した時、又はステップ２０３で加速と判断した
ときには、ステップ２１３に進み、ステップ２０２で算
出した基本尿素供給量ＢＡＳＩＣを排気中に供給できる
ようにバルブ６の目標開度を定め、バルブの開度が目標
開度となるようにアクチュエータ１６を駆動する。一
方、ステップ２０８においてカウンタ値Ｃが所定値以上
の時にはステップ２１０でカウンタＣをクリアするとと
もに基本尿素供給量ＢＡＳＩＣにΔＡを加えた尿素添加
量を増量した値に置き換えた上でステップ２１３に進
み、（ＢＡＳＩＣ＋ΔＡ）を排気中に供給できるように
バルブ６の目標開度を定め、バルブの開度が目標開度と
なるようにアクチュエータ１６を駆動する。ここで、ス
テップ２０８の所定値は言い換えると所定の遅れ時間ｔ
1であり、この遅れ時間が必要な理由はリーンＮＯｘ触
媒３の温度が低くなって初めて触媒における尿素の吸着
量が増大するため、触媒の熱容量による応答遅れを考慮
して十分に触媒温度が低下したタイミングで尿素供給量
を増量する制御を行うためである。又、ステップ２１１
の尿素供給量の増量分ΔＡの量は減速度合いの絶対値Δ
Ｌが大きい即ちリーンＮＯｘ触媒の温度降下が大きい程
尿素が吸着する量も増大すると考えられるので、減速度
合いの絶対値ΔＬが大きい程上記ΔＡを大きくしてい
る。
【００１５】上記フローチャートの内、発明のポイント
を示す部分については図７に示すタイムチャートに基づ
いて説明することにする。図７に示すようにＱ時点でア
クセル踏込み量が減少し始め、Ｑ時点から時間ｔ1後供
給増量値ΔＡがスパイク的に増量されている。その後、
アクセル踏込み量Ｌがゼロに維持されているので、再度
時間ｔ1後供給増量値ΔＡがスパイク的に増量されてい
る。但し、２回目の増量は、アクセル踏込み量の変化度
合いが小さいので、増量値は１回目に比べて小さくなっ
ている。そして、Ｒ時点で加速が開始され、Ｒ時点以降
排気ガス中にＮＯｘが多量に排出された状態において
も、リーンＮＯｘ触媒中に吸収されている供給増量値Δ
Ａ分が有効に加速時のＮＯｘと反応するため、加速時の
ＮＯｘ浄化率を向上させることができる。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】本発明では、機関運転状態が減速開始か
ら加速開始までの期間内にリーンＮＯｘ触媒内に還元剤
を吸着させておき、その後の加速時に、吸着していた還
元剤が放出されると同時に排気ガス中のＮＯｘと反応さ
せることができるので、ＮＯｘが多量に排出される加速
時のＮＯｘ浄化率を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】ディーゼル機関の全体図である。
【図２】燃料噴射量Ｑを示す図である。
【図３】ＮＯｘ量に応じた還元剤量の供給量を示す図で
ある。
【図４】リーンＮＯｘ触媒温度ウィンドウを示す図であ
る。
【図５】温度に応じた還元剤量の供給量を示す図であ
る。
【図６】尿素の供給制御を示すフローチャートである。
【図７】尿素の供給制御の内増量供給タイミングを示す
タイムチャートである。
【符号の説明】
３…リーンＮＯｘ触媒 １３…尿素供給装置
フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3G091 AA02 AA12 AA17 AA18 AB05 BA04 BA14 CA16 CA18 DA02 DA04 DB05 DB06 DB10 EA01 EA03 EA07 EA16 EA17 EA30 FA17 FA19 FB02 FB03 FB10 FC07 FC08 GB01X GB05W GB06W GB09X GB10X HA36

Claims (2)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 酸素過剰の排気ガスが流れている排気管
    内にＮＯｘ触媒を設け、該ＮＯｘ触媒上流の排気ガス中
    の還元剤量を排気ガス温度、機関負荷、回転数の内の少
    なくとも１つのパラメータに応じて制御する還元剤量制
    御手段を備えた内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、機関
    運転状態が減速開始から加速開始までの期間内に、排気
    ガス中の還元剤量を前記還元剤量制御手段により定めら
    れた還元剤量より増大させる増大手段を備えたことを特
    徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
  2. 【請求項２】 前記ＮＯｘ触媒上流側の排気管に還元剤
    である尿素を供給制御する尿素供給制御装置を設けた請
    求項１に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
JP17563798A 1998-06-23 1998-06-23 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Pending JP2001303934A (ja)

Priority Applications (19)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17563798A JP2001303934A (ja) 1998-06-23 1998-06-23 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
KR10-2000-7014683A KR100413302B1 (ko) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 내연 기관의 배기 정화 장치
ES05019695T ES2292032T3 (es) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Dispositivo de control de la emision del gas de escape en un motor de combustion.
EP05019695A EP1605144B1 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine
EP05019694A EP1609978A1 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emisson control device of internal combustion engine
CN99807764A CN1111641C (zh) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 内燃机的排气净化装置
DE69936803T DE69936803T2 (de) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Abgaskontrollvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
EP05019691A EP1602403A3 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine
PCT/JP1999/003349 WO1999067511A1 (fr) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Dispositif de reglage d'emission de gaz d'echappement dans un moteur a combustion interne
ES99926774T ES2367719T3 (es) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Dispositivo de purificación de la emisión del gas de escape de un motor de combustión interna.
EP05019692A EP1604728A3 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine
EP99926774A EP1106799B9 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine
EP05019693A EP1609977A3 (en) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine
US10/943,946 US6959540B2 (en) 1998-06-23 2004-09-20 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine
US11/142,242 US7086222B2 (en) 1998-06-23 2005-06-02 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine
US11/142,355 US20050204729A1 (en) 1998-06-23 2005-06-02 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine
US11/142,329 US7272924B2 (en) 1998-06-23 2005-06-02 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine
US11/142,467 US7086223B2 (en) 1998-06-23 2005-06-02 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine
US11/142,241 US20050262832A1 (en) 1998-06-23 2005-06-02 Exhaust gas purification device of internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17563798A JP2001303934A (ja) 1998-06-23 1998-06-23 内燃機関の排気浄化装置

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JP2001303934A true JP2001303934A (ja) 2001-10-31

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Country Link
US (6) US6959540B2 (ja)
EP (6) EP1106799B9 (ja)
JP (1) JP2001303934A (ja)
KR (1) KR100413302B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1111641C (ja)
DE (1) DE69936803T2 (ja)
ES (2) ES2367719T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO1999067511A1 (ja)

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EP1106799B1 (en) 2011-07-27
US20050204729A1 (en) 2005-09-22
KR20010071585A (ko) 2001-07-28
US20050262832A1 (en) 2005-12-01
DE69936803D1 (de) 2007-09-20
EP1106799A1 (en) 2001-06-13
EP1106799A4 (en) 2003-02-05
US6959540B2 (en) 2005-11-01
WO1999067511A1 (fr) 1999-12-29
US20050034450A1 (en) 2005-02-17
EP1605144B1 (en) 2007-08-08
US20050217249A1 (en) 2005-10-06
US7272924B2 (en) 2007-09-25
ES2367719T3 (es) 2011-11-07
ES2292032T3 (es) 2008-03-01
DE69936803T2 (de) 2008-04-30
EP1602403A2 (en) 2005-12-07
EP1609978A1 (en) 2005-12-28
EP1604728A3 (en) 2005-12-28
EP1106799B9 (en) 2012-02-22
EP1602403A3 (en) 2005-12-28
EP1609977A2 (en) 2005-12-28
EP1604728A2 (en) 2005-12-14
EP1605144A3 (en) 2005-12-28
US7086222B2 (en) 2006-08-08
EP1609977A3 (en) 2006-01-11
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