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TW201630968A - 共聚碳酸酯及包含彼之組成物 - Google Patents

共聚碳酸酯及包含彼之組成物 Download PDF

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TW201630968A
TW201630968A TW104138787A TW104138787A TW201630968A TW 201630968 A TW201630968 A TW 201630968A TW 104138787 A TW104138787 A TW 104138787A TW 104138787 A TW104138787 A TW 104138787A TW 201630968 A TW201630968 A TW 201630968A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
copolycarbonate
chemical formula
bis
repeating unit
hydroxyphenyl
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TW104138787A
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English (en)
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TWI582127B (zh
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朴正濬
潘亨旼
黃英榮
洪武鎬
李琪載
孫泳旭
田炳圭
高雲
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Ｌｇ化學股份有限公司
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Abstract

本發明係關於共聚碳酸酯和包含彼之組成物。根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯具有特定矽氧烷化合物引至聚碳酸酯主鏈的結構，且具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性。

Description

共聚碳酸酯及包含彼之組成物 相關申請案之交互參照
此申請案主張2014年12月4日向韓國智慧財產局提出申請的韓國專利申請案第10-2014-0173005號、2015年7月27日提出申請的韓國專利申請案第10-2015-0106021號及2015年11月13日提出申請的韓國專利申請案第10-2015-0159657號之權利，茲將其中所揭示者全文納入參考。
本發明係關於共聚碳酸酯和包含彼之組成物，且更特定地關於以經濟方式製造並具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小之共聚碳酸酯，及係關於包含彼之組成物。
聚碳酸酯樹脂係藉芳族二醇(如雙酚A)與碳酸酯先質(如光氣)之縮合-聚合反應製得並具有極佳的衝擊強度、尺寸安定性、耐熱性和透光性。因此，聚碳 酸酯樹脂的應用範圍廣泛，如電力和電子產品的外部材料、汽車零件、建築材料、和光學組件。
近來，為了將這些聚碳酸酯用於更廣泛的領域，進行許多研究以得到所欲的物理性質，此係藉由使得二或更多種彼此具不同結構的芳族二醇化合物共聚及將具有不同結構的單元引至聚碳酸酯主鏈中的方式進行。
特別地，進行將聚矽氧烷結構引至聚碳酸酯主鏈中的研究，但這些技術大多具有產製成本高的缺點，且當耐化學腐蝕性或衝擊強度(特別是低溫衝擊強度)提高時，熔融指數之類降低。
在以上情況下，本發明者致力於研究以克服以前技術遭遇到的上述缺點並開發出室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性之共聚碳酸酯，並發現以下描述之特定矽氧烷化合物引至聚碳酸酯主鏈中之共聚碳酸酯滿足上述性質。基於此發現而完成本發明。
本發明之目的係提出共聚碳酸酯，其具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性。
本發明的另一目的係提出包含上述共聚碳酸酯之組成物。
為達到這些目的，本發明提出一種共聚碳酸酯，包含：以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第一重複單元；和一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元，其中根據ASTM D256(1/8英吋，Notched Izod)，分別於23℃和-30℃測定之室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度的比(室溫衝擊強度/低溫衝擊強度)是1.01至1.30，且該室溫衝擊強度是840至1000J/m。
如前述者，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯具有之特點在於其具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性。較佳地，室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度的比(室溫衝擊強度/低溫衝擊強度)不高於1.29，不高於1.28，不高於1.27，不高於1.26，不高於1.25，不高於1.24，不高於1.23，不高於1.22，不高於1.21，不高於1.20，不高於1.19，不高於1.18，不高於1.17，不高於1.16，不高於1.15，不高於1.14，不高於1.13，不高於1.12，不高於1.11，不高於1.10，不超過1.09，或不超過1.08；且不低於1.02，不低於1.03，或不低於1.04。
較佳地，該低溫衝擊強度不低於650J/m，不低於700J/m，不低於750J/m，不低於800J/m，不低於850J/m，或不低於900J/m。此外，當該值高時，低溫衝擊強度極佳，並因此而不限於任何上限值。但是，例如， 其不高於990J/m，不高於980J/m，不高於970J/m，不高於960J/m，或不高於950J/m。
此外，較佳地，該室溫衝擊強度不低於850J/m，不低於860J/m，不低於870J/m，不低於880J/m，不低於890J/m，不低於900J/m，不低於910J/m，不低於920J/m，不低於930J/m，不低於940J/m，不低於950J/m，或不低於960J/m。此外，該值較高時，室溫衝擊強度極佳，並因此而不限於任何上限值。但是，例如，其不高於1000J/m，不高於990J/m，不高於980J/m，或不高於970J/m。
此外，較佳地，該共聚碳酸酯具有根據ASTM D1238(300℃，1.2kg條件)測得的熔融指數是3至20g/10min。
此外，較佳地，該共聚碳酸酯具有根據ASTM D1925測得的YI(黃色指數)是2至6.5。較佳地，YI(黃色指數)不低於2；且不高於6.0，不高於5.5，不高於5.0，不高於4.5，不高於4.0，不高於3.5，不高於3.0，或不高於2.5。
此外，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯具有1,000至100,000g/mol且較佳地為15,000至35,000g/mol的重量平均分子量。更佳地，以上重量平均分子量不低於20,000g/mol，不低於21,000g/mol，不低於22,000g/mol，不低於23,000g/mol，不低於24,000g/mol，不低於25,000g/mol，不低於26,000g/mol，不低於27,000g/mol，或不 低於28,000g/mol。此外，以上重量平均分子量不高於34,000g/mol，不高於33,000g/mol，或不高於32,000g/mol。
此外，較佳地，共聚碳酸酯包含兩種具有矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元。
此外，以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第一重複單元和一或多種具矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元之莫耳比較佳地為1：0.004-0.006，且其重量比較佳地為1：0.04-0.07。
特別地，以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第一重複單元係藉芳族二醇化合物和碳酸酯先質反應而形成，且其較佳地藉以下化學式1表示：
以上化學式1中，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，Z是未經取代或經苯基取代的C1-10伸烷基，未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代的C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2、或CO。
較佳地，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、甲基、氯、或溴。
此外，Z較佳地為未經取代或經苯基取代的直鏈或支鏈C1-10伸烷基，且更佳地為亞甲基、乙烷-1,1-二基、丙烷-2,2-二基、丁烷-2,2-二基、1-苯基乙烷-1,1-二基或二苯基亞甲基。此外，較佳地，Z是環己烷-1,1-二基、O、S、SO、SO2、或CO。
較佳地，化學式1所示重複單元可衍生自選自由以下所組成之群組中之一或多種芳族二醇化合物：雙(4-羥基苯基)甲烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)亞碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)硫醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)酮、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、雙酚A、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二甲基苯基)丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-1-苯基乙烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)二苯基甲烷、和α,ω-雙[3-(鄰-羥基苯基)丙基]聚二甲基矽氧烷。
文中所用的'衍生自芳族二醇化合物'是指芳族二醇化合物的羥基和碳酸酯先質反應以形成化學式1所示重複單元。
例如，當雙酚A(其為芳族二醇化合物)和三光氣(其為碳酸酯先質)聚合，則化學式1所示重複單元係藉以下化學式1-1表示：
此處所用碳酸酯先質可包括選自由以下所組成之群組中之一或多者：碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸二環己酯、碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲苯酯、碳酸雙(氯苯基)酯、碳酸二-間-甲苯酚酯、碳酸二萘酯、碳酸雙(二苯基)酯、光氣、三光氣、雙光氣、溴光氣、和雙鹵甲酸酯。較佳地，使用三光氣或光氣。
一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元係藉一或多種矽氧烷化合物和碳酸酯先質反應而形成，且其較佳地包含以下化學式2所示重複單元和以下化學式3所示重複單元：
以上化學式2中，各個X1獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，各個R5獨立地為氫；未經取代或經氧雜環丙烷基(oxiranyl)、經氧雜環丙烷基取代的C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基取代的C1-15烷基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙 基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，且n是10至200的整數，
以上化學式3中，各個X2獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，各個Y1獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、鹵素、羥基、C1-6烷氧基、或C6-20芳基，各個R6獨立地為氫；或未經取代或經氧雜環丙烷基、經氧雜環丙烷基取代的C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基取代的C1-15烷基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，且m是10至200的整數。
化學式2中，各個X1獨立地較佳地為C2-10伸烷基，更佳地為C2-4伸烷基且最佳地為丙烷-1,3-二基。
亦較佳地，各個R5獨立地為氫、甲基、乙基、丙基、3-苯基丙基、2-苯基丙基、3-(氧雜環丙烷基甲氧基)丙基、氟、氯、溴、碘、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、烯丙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、苯基、或萘基。此外，各個R5獨立地較佳地為C1-10烷基，更佳地為C1-6烷基，更佳地為C1-3烷基且最佳地為甲基。
此外，較佳地，n是不低於10，不低於15， 不低於20，不低於25，不低於30，不低於31，或不低於32；且不高於50，不高於45，不高於40，不高於39，不高於38，或不高於37的整數。
化學式3中，各個X2獨立地較佳地為C2-10伸烷基，更佳地為C2-6伸烷基且最佳地為伸異丁基。
此外，較佳地，Y1是氫。
此外，較佳地，各個R6獨立地為氫、甲基、乙基、丙基、3-苯基丙基、2-苯基丙基、3-(氧雜環丙烷基甲氧基)丙基、氟、氯、溴、碘、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、烯丙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、3,3,3-三氟丙基、苯基、或萘基。此外，較佳地，各個R6獨立地為C1-10烷基，更佳為C1-6烷基，更佳為C1-3烷基，且最佳為甲基。
較佳地，m不低於40，不低於45，不低於50，不低於55，不低於56，不低於57，或不低於58；且不高於80，不高於75，不高於70，不高於65，不高於64，不高於63，或不高於62。
化學式2所示重複單元和化學式3所示重複單元分別衍生自以下化學式2-1所示的矽氧烷化合物及以下化學式3-1所示的矽氧烷化合物：
以上化學式2-1中，X1、R5和n與先前定義者相同。
以上化學式3-1中，X2、Y1、R6和m與先前定義者相同。
此處所謂'衍生自矽氧烷化合物'是指各矽氧烷化合物的羥基和碳酸酯先質反應形成化學式2所示重複單元和化學式3所示重複單元。此外，可用以形成化學式2和3所示重複單元之碳酸酯先質與所述之可用以形成前述化學式1所示重複單元之碳酸酯先質相同。
製備化學式2-1所示矽氧烷化合物和化學式3-1所示矽氧烷化合物之方法分別藉以下反應圖式1和2表示：
以上反應圖式1中， X1'是C2-10烯基，而X1、R5和n與先前定義者相同。
以上反應圖式2中，X2'是C2-10烯基，而X2、Y1、R6和m與先前定義者相同。
反應圖式1和反應圖式2中，反應較佳地在金屬觸媒存在下進行。較佳地使用Pt觸媒作為金屬觸媒。此處所用Pt觸媒可包括選自由以下所組成之群組中之一或多者：Ashby觸媒、Karstedt觸媒、Lamoreaux觸媒、Speier觸媒、PtCl2(COD)、PtCl2(苯并腈)2和H2PtBr6。以100重量份化學式7或9所示化合物計，該金屬觸媒可以用量不低於0.001重量份，不低於0.005重量份，或不低於0.01重量份；且不高於1重量份，不高於0.1重量份，或不高於0.05重量份使用。
此外，以上反應溫度較佳地為80至100℃。此外，以上反應時間較佳地為1至5小時。
此外，化學式7或9所示化合物可藉有機二矽氧烷和有機環矽氧烷在酸觸媒存在下反應而製得，且可藉由調整所用反應物的量而調整n和m。
反應溫度較佳地為50至70℃。又，反應時間較佳地為1至6小時。
以上有機二矽氧烷可包括由四甲基二矽氧烷、四苯基二矽氧烷、六甲基二矽氧烷和六苯基二矽氧烷所組成之群組中之一或多者。此外，以上有機環矽氧烷可包括，例如，有機環四矽氧烷。其例子可包括八甲基環四矽氧烷和八苯基環四矽氧烷等。
以100重量份的有機環矽氧烷計，以上有機二矽氧烷用量可為不低於0.1重量份，或不低於2重量份；且不高於10重量份或不高於8重量份。
可用於此處的以上酸觸媒包括選自由H2SO4、HClO4、AlCl3、SbCl5、SnCl4和酸黏土(漂白土)所組成之群組中之一或多者。此外，該酸觸媒用量不低於0.1重量份，不低於0.5重量份，或不低於1重量份；且不高於10重量份，不高於5重量份，或不高於3重量份，此以100重量份的有機環矽氧烷基計。
特別地，藉由調整化學式2所示重複單元和化學式3所示重複單元的含量，可同時改良共聚碳酸酯的低溫耐衝擊性和熔融指數。較佳地，該重複單元之間的重量比可為由1：99至99：1。較佳地，該重量比由3：97至97：3，由5：95至95：5，由10：90至90：10，或由15：85至 85：15，且更佳地由20：80至80：20。以上重複單元的重量比對應於矽氧烷化合物(例如化學式2-1所示矽氧烷化合物和化學式3-1所示矽氧烷化合物)的重量比。
較佳地，化學式2所示重複單元藉以下化學式2-2表示：
以上化學式2-2中，R5和n與先前定義者相同。較佳地，R5是甲基。
亦較佳地，化學式3所示重複單元藉以下化學式3-2表示：
以上化學式3-2中，R6和m與先前定義相同。較佳地，R6是甲基。
此外，較佳地，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯包含所有化學式1-1所示重複單元、化學式2-2所示重複單元、和化學式3-2所示重複單元。
此外，本發明提出製備共聚碳酸酯之方法，其包含聚合芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯先質和一或多種矽氧 烷化合物的步驟。
該芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯先質和一或多種矽氧烷化合物與前述者相同。
聚合反應期間內，一或多種矽氧烷化合物的用量可為不低於0.1重量%，不低於0.5重量%，不低於1重量%，或不低於1.5重量%；且不高於20重量%，不高於10重量%，不高於7重量%，不高於5重量%，不高於4重量%，不高於3重量%，或不高於2重量%，此以100重量%的芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯先質和一或多種矽氧烷化合物總重計。以上芳族二醇化合物的用量可不低於40重量%，不低於50重量%，或不低於55重量%；且不高於80重量%，不高於70重量%，或不高於65重量%，此以100重量%的芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯先質和一或多種矽氧烷化合物總重計。以上碳酸酯先質的用量可不低於10重量%，不低於20重量%，或不低於30重量%；且不高於60重量%，不高於50重量%，或不高於40重量%，此以100重量%的芳族二醇化合物、碳酸酯先質和一或多種矽氧烷化合物總重計。
此外，界面聚合法可作為聚合法的例子。此情況中，有著聚合反應可於低溫在大氣壓下進行的效果，且易控制分子量。以上界面聚合反應較佳地在酸黏合劑和有機溶劑存在下進行。此外，以上界面聚合反應可包含，例如，進行預聚合反應，之後添加偶合劑及再度進行聚合反應的步驟。此情況中，可得到具有高分子量的共聚碳酸 酯。
未特別限制界面聚合反應所用材料，只要其可用於聚碳酸酯的聚合反應即可。可視所須地控制其用量。
該酸結合劑可包括，例如，鹼金屬氫氧化物(如氫氧化鈉或氫氧化鉀)、或胺化合物(如吡啶)。
未特別限制有機溶劑，只要其為聚碳酸酯之聚合反應中一般可用的溶劑即可。其例子可使用鹵化烴，如二氯甲烷或氯苯。
此外，界面聚合反應期間內，反應加速劑，例如，三級胺化合物(如三乙胺、四正丁基溴化銨和四正丁基溴化鏻)或四級銨化合物或四級鏻化合物可進一步用於加速此反應。
該界面聚合反應中，反應溫度較佳地由0至40℃，且反應時間較佳地由10分鐘至5小時。此外，在界面聚合反應期間內，pH較佳地維持於9或更高，或11或更高。
此外，該界面聚合反應可進一步藉由包括分子量修飾劑而進行。該分子量修飾劑可以在引發聚合反應之前、引發聚合反應之時、或引發聚合反應之後添加。
可以使用單-烷基酚作為以上分子量修飾劑。例如，單-烷基酚係選自由對-三級丁基酚、對-異丙苯基酚、癸基酚、十二烷基酚、十四烷基酚、十六烷基酚、十八烷基酚、二十烷基酚、二十二烷基酚和三十烷基酚所組 成之群組中之一或多者，且較佳者為對三級丁基酚。此情況中，調整分子量控制的效果大。
以上分子量修飾劑含量，例如，不低於0.01重量份，不低於0.1重量份，或不低於1重量份；且不高於10重量份，不高於6重量份，或不高於5重量份，此以100重量份的芳族二醇化合物計。在此範圍內，可得到所須分子量。
此外，本發明提出一種聚碳酸酯組成物，其包含上述共聚碳酸酯和聚碳酸酯。
該共聚碳酸酯可以單獨使用，但必要時，其可與聚碳酸酯一起使用以藉此控制共聚碳酸酯的物理性質。
以上聚碳酸酯與根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯的不同之處在於聚矽氧烷結構未引至聚碳酸酯主鏈中。
較佳地，以上聚碳酸酯包含以下化學式4所示重複單元：
以上化學式4中，R'1、R'2、R'3和R'4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，Z'是未經取代或經苯基取代的C1-10伸烷基、未經取 代或經C1-10烷基取代的C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2或CO。
此外，較佳地，以上聚碳酸酯所具有的重量平均分子量為15,000至35,000g/mol。更佳地，以上重量平均分子量(g/mol)不低於20,000，不低於21,000，不低於22,000，不低於23,000，不低於24,000，不低於25,000，不低於26,000，不低於27,000，或不低於28,000。此外，以上重量平均分子量(g/mol)不高於34,000，不高於33,000，或不高於32,000。
化學式4所示重複單元係藉由令芳族二醇化合物與碳酸酯先質反應而形成。可用於此處的芳族二醇化合物和碳酸酯先質與關於化學式1所示重複單元的先前描述相同。
較佳地，化學式4中的R'1、R'2、R'3、R'4和Z'分別與用於化學式1中之R1、R2、R3、R4和Z之前述者相同。
此外，較佳地，化學式4所示重複單元藉以下化學式4-1表示：
該共聚碳酸酯組成物中，共聚碳酸酯和聚碳酸酯的重量比較佳地由99：1至1：99，更佳地由90：10至 50：50，且最佳地由80：20至60：40。
此外，本發明提出一種物件，其包含前述共聚碳酸酯或共聚碳酸酯組成物。
較佳地，以上物件係射出模塑物件。此外，該物件可進一步包含，例如，選自由以下所組成之群組中之一或多者：抗氧化劑、熱安定劑、光安定劑、塑化劑、抗靜電劑、成核劑、阻燃劑、潤滑劑、衝擊強化劑、螢光亮光劑、紫外光吸收劑、顏料和染料。
用於製造該物件之方法可包含使用混合機混合根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯和添加劑(如抗氧化劑)，以壓出機壓出模塑該混合物以製造粒，乾燥該粒及之後以射出模塑機射出經乾燥的粒。
如前述者，根據本發明，其中特定矽氧烷化合物引至聚碳酸酯主鏈之共聚碳酸酯具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性。
下文中，將描述較佳具體實施例以有助於瞭解本揭示。但這些實例僅用於說明本發明，且不應以實例對本發明構成限制。
製備例1：AP-PDMS(n=34)之製備
47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和2.40g(17.8mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷混合。之後，此混合物和1重量份的酸黏土(DC-A3)(相對於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷)一起置於3L瓶中，且於60℃反應4小時。反應完全之後，反應產物以乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土(celite)迅速過濾。經由1H NMR證實，藉此製得之終端未經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(n)是34。
在所得終端未經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷中添加4.81g(35.9mmol)的2-烯丙基酚和0.01g(50ppm)的Karstedt's鉑觸媒並於90℃反應3小時。反應完全之後，藉由在120℃和1托條件下進行蒸發而移除未反應的矽氧烷。將藉此製得之終端經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷稱為AP-PDMS(n=34)。AP-PDMS為淡黃色油，使用Varian 500MHz經由1H NMR證實其重複單元(n)是34，且其不須進一步純化。
製備例2：MBHB-PDMS(m=58)之製備
47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和 1.5g(11mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷混合。之後，此混合物和1重量份的酸黏土(DC-A3)(相對於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷)置於3L瓶中，並於60℃反應4小時。反應完全之後，反應產物以乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土迅速過濾。經由1H NMR證實，藉此製得之終端未經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(m)是58。
在所得終端未經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷中添加6.13g(29.7mmol)的3-甲基丁-3-烯基4-羥基苯甲酸酯和0.01g(50ppm)的Karstedt's鉑觸媒並於90℃反應3小時。反應完全之後，藉由在120℃和1托條件下進行蒸發而移除未反應的矽氧烷。將藉此製得之終端經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷稱為MBHB-PDMS(m=58)。MBHB-PDMS為淡黃色油，使用Varian 500MHz經由1H NMR證實其重複單元(m)是58，且其不須進一步純化。
製備例3：丁香酚(Eugenol)-PDMS
47.60g(160mmol)的八甲基環四矽氧烷和1.7g(13mmol)的四甲基二矽氧烷混合。之後，此混合物和1重量份的酸黏土(DC-A3)(相對於100重量份的八甲基環四矽氧烷)置於3L瓶中，且於60℃反應4小時。反應完全之後，反應產物以乙酸乙酯稀釋並使用矽藻土迅速過濾。經由1H NMR證實，藉此製得之終端未經修 飾的聚有機矽氧烷的重複單元(n)是50。
在所得終端未經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷中添加6.13g(29.7mmol)的丁香酚和0.01g(50ppm)的Karstedt's鉑觸媒並於90℃反應3小時。反應完全之後，藉由在120℃和1托條件下進行蒸發而移除未反應的矽氧烷。將藉此製得之終端經修飾的聚有機矽氧烷稱為丁香酚-PDMS。丁香酚-PDMS為淡黃色油，並使用Varian 500MHz經由1H NMR證實其重複單元(n)是50，且其不須進一步純化。
實例1
1784g的水、385g的NaOH和232g的BPA(雙酚A)加至聚合反應器，且在N2氣氛下混合溶化。4.3g的PTBP(對-三級丁基酚)及5.91g製備例1中製得的AP-PDMS(n=34)和0.66g製備例2中製得的MBHB-PDMS(m=58)溶於MC(二氯甲烷)中之混合溶液(重量比90：10)且加至其中。之後，128g的TPG(三光氣)溶於MC中且溶解的TPG溶液加至其中並在TPG溶液的pH維持於11或更高的同時，反應1小時。10分鐘之後，46g的TEA(三乙胺)加至其中以進行偶合反應。1小時20分鐘的總反應時間之後，pH降至4以移除TEA，且藉由以蒸餾水清洗三次，將所製得之聚合物的pH調整至6至7的中性pH。藉此得到的聚合物在甲醇和己烷的混合溶液中再沉澱，之後於120℃乾燥以得到最終的共聚碳酸酯。
實例2
以與實例1中相同的方式製得共聚碳酸酯，但AP-PDMS(n=34)和MBHB-PDMS(m=58)的重量比是95：5。
實例3
以與實例1中相同的方式製得共聚碳酸酯，但AP-PDMS(n=34)和MBHB-PDMS(m=58)的重量比是97：3。
實例4
以與實例1中相同的方式製得共聚碳酸酯，但AP-PDMS(n=34)和MBHB-PDMS(m=58)的重量比是99：1。
實例5
以與實例1中相同的方式製得共聚碳酸酯，但AP-PDMS(n=34)和MBHB-PDMS(m=58)的重量比是95：5並調整分子量修飾劑PTBP(對-三級丁基酚)的添加量。
比較例1
1784g的水、385g的NaOH和232g的BPA(雙酚A)引至聚合反應器，且在N2氣氛下混合溶化。4.3g的PTBP(對-三級丁基酚)和6.57g製備例3中製得的丁香酚-PDMS溶於MC(二氯甲烷)並加至其中。之後，128g的TPG(三光氣)溶於MC中且溶解的TPG溶液加至其中並在TPG溶液的pH維持於11或更高的同 時，反應1小時。10分鐘之後，46g的TEA(三乙胺)加至其中以進行偶合反應。1小時20分鐘的總反應時間之後，pH降至4以移除TEA，且藉由以蒸餾水清洗三次，將所製得之聚合物的pH調整至6至7的中性pH。藉此得到的聚合物在甲醇和己烷的混合溶液中再沉澱，之後於120℃乾燥以得到最終的共聚碳酸酯。
比較例2
以與比較例1中相同的方式製得共聚碳酸酯，但使用AP-PDMS代替丁香酚-PDMS。
實驗例：共聚碳酸酯的性質之證實
實例和比較例中製得之共聚碳酸酯的重量平均分子量係藉GPC，使用PC Standard以Agilent 1200 series測得。
此外，相對於1重量份實例和比較例中製得的各共聚碳酸酯，0.050重量份的參(2,4-二-三級丁基苯基)亞磷酸酯、0.010重量份的十八烷基-3(3,5-二-三級丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯、和0.030重量份的四硬脂酸季戊四醇酯加至其中，且所得混合物使用配備抽氣設備的Φ30mm雙螺桿壓出機加以粒化，並使用N-20C射出模塑機(JSW Co.,Ltd.)，於300℃的筒身溫度和80℃的模具溫度射出模塑，製得所欲試樣。
藉以下方式測定以上試樣的特性且其結果示於以下的表1。
1)室溫衝擊強度：於23℃根據ASTM D256(1/8英 吋，Notched Izod)測定。
2)低溫衝擊強度：於-30℃根據ASTM D256(1/8英吋，Notched Izod)測定。
3)YI(黃色指數)：試樣(寬/長/厚=60mm/40mm/3mm)於300℃射出模塑，然後在以下條件下，使用Color-Eye 7000A(X-rite Inc.)，根據ASTM D1925測YI(黃色指數)。
- 測定溫度：室溫(23℃)
- 孔隙尺寸：大區域觀察
- 測定方法：測定螺旋範圍(360nm至750nm)內的透光度。
如以上表1所示者，相較於比較例1和2，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯具有優良的低溫衝擊強度和室溫衝擊強度。特別地，根據本發明之共聚碳酸酯具有室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度之間的差異小並藉此展現極佳的耐衝擊性。

Claims (15)

  1. 一種共聚碳酸酯，包含：以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第一重複單元；和一或多種具有矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元，其中根據ASTM D256(1/8英吋，Notched Izod)，分別於23℃和-30℃測定之室溫衝擊強度和低溫衝擊強度的比(室溫衝擊強度/低溫衝擊強度)是1.01至1.30，且該室溫衝擊強度是840至1000J/m。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中，該低溫衝擊強度是650至950J/m。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中根據ASTM D1238(300℃，1.2kg條件)測得的熔融指數是3至20g/10min。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯具有1,000至100,000g/mol的重量平均分子量。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該共聚碳酸酯包含兩種具有該矽氧烷鍵之以芳族聚碳酸酯為主的第二重複單元。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該第一重複單元藉以下化學式1表示： 以上式1中，R1、R2、R3和R4各自獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基、或鹵素，而Z是未經取代或經苯基取代的C1-10伸烷基，未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代的C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2、或CO。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之共聚碳酸酯，其中化學式1表示的重複單元衍生自選自由以下所組成之群組中之一或多種芳族二醇化合物：雙(4-羥基苯基)甲烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)亞碸、雙(4-羥基苯基)硫醚、雙(4-羥基苯基)酮、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)乙烷、雙酚A、2,2-雙(4-羥基苯基)丁烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-溴苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二甲基苯基)丙烷、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)-1-苯基乙烷、雙(4-羥基苯基)二苯基甲烷、和α,ω-雙[3-(鄰-羥基苯基)丙基]聚二甲基矽氧烷。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第6項之共聚碳酸酯，其中 該化學式1藉以下化學式1-1表示：
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該第二重複單元包含藉以下化學式2所示重複單元和藉以下化學式3所示重複單元： 以上式2中，各個X1獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，各個R5獨立地為氫；未經取代或經氧雜環丙烷基(oxiranyl)、經氧雜環丙烷基取代的C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基取代的C1-15烷基；鹵素；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，且n是10至200的整數， 以上式3中， 各個X2獨立地為C1-10伸烷基，各個Y1獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、鹵素、羥基、C1-6烷氧基、或C6-20芳基，各個R6獨立地為氫；或未經取代或經氧雜環丙烷基、經氧雜環丙烷基取代的C1-10烷氧基、或C6-20芳基；鹵素取代的C1-15烷基；C1-10烷氧基；烯丙基；C1-10鹵烷基；或C6-20芳基，且m是10至200的整數。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該化學式2所示重複單元和該化學式3所示重複單元的重量比是99：1至1：99。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第9項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該化學式2所示重複單元係藉以下化學式2-2表示：
  12. 如申請專利範圍第9項之共聚碳酸酯，其中該化學式3所示重複單元係藉以下化學式3-2表示：
  13. 一種聚碳酸酯組成物，其包含如申請專利範圍第 1至12項中任一項之共聚碳酸酯和聚碳酸酯。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之聚碳酸酯組成物，其中聚矽氧烷結構未引至該聚碳酸酯的主鏈中。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第13項之聚碳酸酯組成物，其中該聚碳酸酯包含藉以下化學式4所示之重複單元： 以上化學式4中，R'1、R'2、R'3和R'4各者獨立地為氫、C1-10烷基、C1-10烷氧基或鹵素，而Z'是未經取代或經苯基取代的C1-10伸烷基、未經取代或經C1-10烷基取代的C3-15伸環烷基、O、S、SO、SO2或CO。
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