Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Showing posts with label Porifera - Sponge. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Porifera - Sponge. Show all posts

Thursday, September 5, 2024

[Cnidaria • 2024] Umimayanthus mirnangga, U. jebarra, U. raksasa, etc. • Museum Collections as Untapped Sources of Undescribed Diversity of Sponge-zoantharian Associations with the Description of Six New Species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia

 
Umimayanthus cf. aruensis (Pax, 1911) 

in Montenegro, Fromont, Richards, Kise, Gomez, Hoeksema et Reimer, 2024. 
 
Abstract
The zoantharian genus Umimayanthus consists largely of species that live in obligate symbioses with sponges. Although zoantharians have often been overlooked in field collecting campaigns and in research, sponges are usually well-collected, and many natural history museums harbor numerous sponge specimens. Thus, these sponge collections may also include previously overlooked zoantharian species. Such is the case in this research, in which we examined sponge specimens in museum collections from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia. Based on our morphological and molecular analyses, we herein describe six species of Umimayanthus new to science, and redescribe another species described over a century ago. These species can be distinguished by their sponge associations, gross polyp and colony morphology, and depth ranges. Based on these findings, it appears that the Central Indo-Pacific region of Western Australia and Indonesia can be considered a hotspot for sponge-associated zoantharian diversity. We provide a key for the identification of all formally described species in the genus, but caution that there are likely more Umimayanthus species awaiting discovery.

Keywords: Anthozoa; biodiversity; coral reefs; Porifera; species descriptions

Phylum Cnidaria Hatschek, 1888 
Subphylum Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 1831 

Class Hexacorallia Haeckel, 1896 
Order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 

Family Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901 

Genus Umimayanthus Montenegro, Sinniger and Reimer 2015


Umimayanthus cf. aruensis (Pax, 1911) 

Umimayanthus mirnangga sp. nov. WAM Z88824 (holotype)

Umimayanthus mirnangga sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “mirnangga” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to a young single woman in the Wunambal language. This in reference to the fact that the colonies of U. mirnangga sp. nov. are exclusively composed of solitary polyps. “mɨrnangga binya” n., B-class young woman. Syn: munangga. See Bengmoro et al. (1971) and Boona (2022).


Umimayanthus jebarra sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “jebarra” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to the emu in Wunambal language. This in reference to the elongated shape of the polyps in U. jebarra sp. nov., which resemble the neck of an emu. As well, the name can act as a memorial to all the emus killed during the Great Emu Wars of 1932 in Western Australia. “jebarra anya” n., A-class. emu. Dromaius novaehollandiae. Syn: garnanganyja; jeebarra. See Mangglamarra (1991) and Karadada et al. (2011).


Umimayanthus wunanggu sp. nov. 

Umimayanthus wunanggu sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “wunanggu” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to the hill white gum tree in Wunambal language. This in reference to U. wunanggu sp. nov. forming colonies of white polyps connected by a thin coenenchyma that extends on a linear branching pattern over the sponge surface. “wunanggu winya” n., W-class. /wunaŋgu/. hill white gum, tropical red box, Eucalyptus brachyandra von Mueller, 1859. See Capell (1941) and Karadada (2011).

Umimayanthus discolor sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “discolor” means multiple colors in Latin. This is in reference to U. discolor sp. nov. forming colonies of polyps with contrasting colorations between the oral disk and the column, stolon, and coenenchyma.


Umimayanthus lynherensis sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer  

 Etymology. The specific epithet “lynherensis” is derived from the locality where the type specimen was collected, the Lynher Bank sea country north Kimberley, Western Australia, Australia.  


Umimayanthus raksasa sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “raksasa”, which means “giant” or “gigantic” in Indonesian, refers to the large size of the polyps of this species in comparison to the other members of its genus.

 
 Javier Montenegro, Jane Fromont, Zoe Richards, Hiroki Kise, Oliver Gomez, Bert W. Hoeksema and James Davis Reimer. 2024. Museum Collections as Untapped Sources of Undescribed Diversity of Sponge-zoantharian Associations with the Description of Six New Species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia.  Contributions to Zoology. DOI: doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10069

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Wednesday, January 18, 2023

[Mollusca • 2023] Jorunna liviae • Can you find me? A New Sponge-like Nudibranch from the Genus Jorunna Bergh, 1876 (Gastropoda: Discodorididae)


Jorunna liviae
Tibiriçá, Strömvoll & Cervera, 2023

C. Jorunna liviae sp. nov. near its egg mass, and Favorinus sp. feeding on it; D. Close-up of Favorinus sp.; E. Jorunna liviae sp. nov. mating; F. Details of Jorunna liviae sp. nov. egg mass.

Abstract
The nudibranch diversity of the western Indian Ocean is comparatively one of the least studied in the world. In this paper a sponge-like Discodoridae nudibranch Jorunna liviae sp. nov. is described. The description is based on integrative anatomy, including molecular analysis of two genes (the mitochondrial COI and the nuclear H3), dissections, electron microscopy (SEM) of buccal elements, micro tomography of the spicule’s arrangements and ecological observations. This study provides the first ever molecular data of Jorunna species from the western Indian Ocean, helping to fill the gap to further understand this apparent paraphyletic genus.

Key Words: biodiversity, Heterobranchia, Mozambique, new species, phylogeny, sea slugs

Jorunna liviae sp. nov. (MNCN15.05/200187) external morphology.
A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. SEM photography of dorsal caryophyllids; D. Rhinophores sheath details; E. Rhinophore; F. Gill branches.

Jorunna liviae sp. nov. in situ.
 A. Hosting sponge Amphimedon brevispiculifera (Dendy, 1905); B. Jorunna liviae sp. nov. resting on sponge; C. Jorunna liviae sp. nov. near its egg mass, and Favorinus sp. feeding on it; D. Close-up of Favorinus sp.; E. Jorunna liviae sp. nov. mating; F. Details of Jorunna liviae sp. nov. egg mass.


Order Nudibranchia Cuvier, 1817

Superfamily Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Family Discodorididae Bergh, 1891

Genus Jorunna Bergh, 1876

Jorunna liviae Tibiriçá, Strömvoll & Cervera, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Body elongate-ovulated. Dorsum pale gray to pink, covered on highly dense caryphyllidia; rhinophores short, with up to nine lamellae, ending in a knob apex; six to nine bipinnate branchial leaves encircling the anal pore. Radula with five to seven very thin pectinated outermost teeth bearing long bundled fibrous denticles. Labial cuticle smooth. Copulatory spine with bifid apex.

Etymology: This species is dedicated to Livia Renée Cornelius, daughter of the second author of this paper.

Habitat: Specimens were collected on submerged subtropical compressed sandstone reefs in Ponta do Ouro, Mozambique.


 Yara Tibiriçá, Jenny Strömvoll and Juan Lucas Cervera. 2023. Can you find me? A New Sponge-like Nudibranch from the Genus Jorunna Bergh, 1876 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Discodorididae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 99(1): 63-75. DOI: 10.3897/zse.99.95222

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Thursday, June 16, 2022

[Crustacea • 2022] The Sponge Crabs (Brachyura: Dromiidae) of Western Australia and the Northwest Shelf with descriptions of New Genera and Species


   Lamarckdromia beagle 
McLay & Hosie, 2022


Abstract
The Dromiidae of Western Australia are summarized primarily based on specimens from the collection of the Western Australian Museum and some additional material from the Australian Museum, Sydney. The genus Alainodromia McLay 1998, is recorded from Camden Sound, Australia, as a new species Alainodromia dambimangari sp. nov. New evidence suggests that the species of Alainodromia are very likely shell carriers that also have direct development. Five species of Cryptodromia are reported from Western Australia and a new genus, Baccadromia gen. nov., is erected for Dromia (Cryptodromia) bullifera Alcock, 1900. The genus Lamarckdromia Guinot & Tavares, 2003 is revised and now includes three species: L. beagle sp. nov., L. excavata (Stimpson, 1858) and L. globosa (Lamarck, 1818). Six species of Dromiidae are new to Australia: Baccadromia bullifera (Alcock, 1900), Cryptodromia amboinensis (De Man, 1888), C. pileifera Alcock, 1901, Epigodromia rotunda McLay, 1993, and Foredromia rostrata McLay, 2002. New records for Western Australia include: Cryptodromia hilgendorfi De Man, 1888, Epigodromia areolata (Ihle, 1913) and Lewindromia unidentata (Rüppell, 1830). A total of 31 species of dromiid crabs are now known from Western Australian coast with five species endemic to the state. There are more than 40 species of Dromiidae known from Australia of which about 40% are endemic.

Keywrods: Crustacea, Australia marine biodiversity, sponge crabs, depth distribution, Indian Ocean, Indo-west Pacific, new genera, new species, Podotremata

 Lamarckdromia beagle sp. nov., male holotype, 40.5 × 39.0 mm (WAM C15512),
 frontal view carrying sponge cap.  

Lamarckdromia beagle sp. nov.,
  female paratype, 44.0 × 45.5 mm (WAM C43596),
ventral view of sternum of mated female showing vestigial first pleopods, sternal sutures 7/8 and sperm plaque covering spermathecal apertures.

   Lamarckdromia beagle sp. nov.,
 holotype male, 40.5 × 39.0 mm (WAM C15512), dorsal view.

Lamarckdromia beagle 


Colin L. McLay and Andrew M. Hosie. 2022. The Sponge Crabs of Western Australia and the Northwest Shelf with descriptions of New Genera and Species (Crustacea: Brachyura: Dromiidae). Zootaxa. 5129(3); 301-355. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5129.3.1

New sponge crab species found off WA coast named after Charles Darwin's research boat
 abc.net.au/news/2022-06-15/sponge-crab-species-lamarckdromia-beagle-discovered-off-wa/101151412

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Sunday, January 30, 2022

[Invertebrate • 2022] Ramisyllis kingghidorahi • A New Branching Annelid (Annelida: Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Japan


Ramisyllis kingghidorahi Aguado, Ponz-Segrelles, Glasby, Ribeiro, Jimi & Miura,

in Aguado, Ponz-Segrelles, Glasby, ... et Miura, 2022. 
DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4
 twitter.com/MTAguado

Abstract
Among over 20,000 species of Annelida, only two branching species with a highly modified body-pattern are known until now: the Syllidae Syllis ramosa McIntosh, 1879, and Ramisyllis multicaudata Glasby et al. (Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 164, 481–497, 2012). Both have unusual ramified bodies with one head and multiple branches and live inside the canals of host sponges. Using an integrative approach (combining morphology, internal anatomy, ecology, phylogeny, genetic divergence, and the complete mitochondrial genome), we describe a new branching species from Japan, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., inhabiting an undescribed species of Petrosia (Porifera: Demospongiae) from shallow waters. We compare the new species with its closest relative, R. multicaudata; emend the diagnosis of Ramisyllis; and discuss previous reports of S. ramosa. This study suggests a much higher diversity of branching syllids than currently known. Finally, we discuss possible explanations for the feeding behaviour in the new species in relation to its highly ciliated wall of the digestive tubes (especially at the distal branches and anus), and provide a hypothesis for the evolution of branching body patterns as the result of an adaptation to the host sponge labyrinthic canal system.

Keywords: Mitochondrial genome, Phylogenetics, Sponge, Syllidae, Symbiosis, Morphology, Anatomy, Ecology

Taxonomy
Ramisyllis Glasby et al., 2012

Diagnosis (after Glasby et al. (2012), emendations in bold).

“Ribbon clade” Syllinae, with non-flattened body, more or less cylindrical segments and a multiaxial, dendriform pattern; first branch occurring after segments 14–24. Branches emerging after parapodia (not replacing them or dorsal cirri) and showing same segment size and cirri length as previous branches. Three antennae; palps free to base; two pairs of tentacular cirri; pharynx slender, mid-dorsal tooth absent in adults; dorsal cirri articulated, with alternating thick/slender pattern on mid-body and posterior segments; ventral cirri present, not articulated, inserted proximally; single type of simple chaeta present, tomahawk-shaped. Sexes separate. Reproduction by schizogamy, gemmiparitity. Acerous, dimorphic stolons. Commensal inside shallow water species of Petrosia. Mitochondrial gene order strongly modified. Nuclear ribosomal sequences highly derived compared to other Syllinae.

Stereomicroscopy images of living specimens of Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. (A, C−H) and Ramisyllis multicaudata (B) for comparison.
A Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. Holotype. B R. multicaudata anterior region, dorsal view; picture modified from Ponz-Segrelles et al. (2021), with permission. C Prostomium and first segments in detail, dorsal view. D Anterolateral view of prostomium with details of palps and pharynx everted. E and F. Pharynx everted in ventral view. G Branching asymmetries in dorsal cirri. H Branching asymmetries in body shape.
Scale bars: 1 mm A, B, 200 µm C, D, 100 µm E, F, 2 mm G, H


Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. and host sponge Petrosia sp.
A Anterior region in dorsal view, prostomium faces down. B Fragment of one specimen. C-F–f Host sponges in their natural habitat.
Scale bars: 2 mm A, B, 1 cm C, D and 5 mm E, F




Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp. Aguado, Ponz-Segrelles, Glasby, Ribeiro, Jimi & Miura

Diagnosis: Species of Ramisyllis, sister-group related to R. multicaudata, long anterior tentacular and dorsal cirri (twice long as midbody ones), long proventricle (through 4 segments), stolon stalks similar to other segments in regular branches and proliferation of new branches in intersegmental areas.

Etymology: The name refers to King Ghidorah, the three-headed and two-tailed monster enemy of Godzilla. Both characters were created by Tomoyuki Tanaka based on Japanese mythology and folklore. King Ghidorah is a branching fictitious animal that can regenerate its lost ends. King Ghidorah is assumed to be a male and latinized accordingly.

Distribution and habitat: Coastal waters of Sado Island, Japan, around 15 m deep; symbiont of Petrosia sp. (pink form).


M. Teresa Aguado, Guillermo Ponz-Segrelles, Christopher J. Glasby, Rannyele P. Ribeiro, Mayuko Nakamura, Kohei Oguchi, Akihito Omori, Hisanori Kohtsuka, Christian Fisher, Yuji Ise, Naoto Jimi and Toru Miura. 2022. Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., A New Branching Annelid from Japan. 
Organisms Diversity & Evolution. DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4
 twitter.com/MTAguado/status/1483797219497156608


เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Monday, February 22, 2021

[Invertebrate • 2021] Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi • Increasing Knowledge of Biodiversity on the Orphan Seamount: A New Species of Tedania (Tedaniopsis) Dendy, 1924 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)


Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi 
Ríos, Cristobo & Kenchington

in Ríos, Cristobo, Baker, ... et Kenchington, 2021. 

A new Tedania species (Porifera) was collect using remotely operated vehicles during the Canadian mission HUD2010-029 and the British RRS Discovery Cruise DY081, on the Orphan Seamount near the Orphan Knoll, northwest Atlantic, between 2999.88 and 3450.4 m depth. Orphan Knoll is an isolated, drowned continental fragment 550 km northeast Newfoundland in the Labrador Sea. This region is biologically rich and complex and in 2007, the regional fisheries management organization operating in the area regulated that no vessel shall engage in bottom-contact fishing activities until reviewed in 2020 with a review slated at the end of this year. Members of the genus Tedania are uncommon in the temperate northern hemisphere with only six species known previously: Tedania (Tedania) anhelans; Tedania (Tedania) pilarriosae; Tedania (Tedania) suctoria; Tedania (Tedania) urgorrii; Tedania (Tedaniopsis) gurjanovae; and Tedania (Tedaniopsis) phacellina. The particular features of the new sponge we describe are the very peculiar external morphology which is tree-like with dichotomous branching—a morphology not previously described in this subgenus; and the combination of spicules found: long styles, the typical tornotes of the subgenus and two sizes of onychaetes. Additional information is provided on other species of Tedaniopsis described from the Atlantic Ocean. Based on the characteristics reported, we propose a new species, Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi sp. nov. in honor of Prof. Hans Tore Rapp (1972–2020), University of Bergen, Norway, a renowned sponge taxonomist and coordinator of the Horizon 2020 SponGES project. The holotype of T. (T.) phacellina Topsent, 1912 from the Azores, the only other northern Atlantic species in the subgenus Tedaniopsis, was reviewed for comparison.

Keywords: sponges, VMEs, taxonomy, new species, Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi

Figure 2. Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi sp. nov.
(A,B) Environment of holotype. (C) In situ collection of holotype.

Phylum PORIFERA Grant, 1836
Class DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas, 1885
SubClass HETEROSCLEROMORPHA Cárdenaset al., 2012
Order POECILOSCLERIDA Topsent, 1928

Family TEDANIIDAE Ridley and Dendy, 1886

Genus Tedania Gray, 1867

Definition: Tedaniidae with differentiated ectosomal and choanosomal megascleres Van Soest (2002).

Subgenus Tedaniopsis Dendy, 1924

Diagnosis: Tedania with relatively long thick, smooth styles, occasionally modified to anisostrongyles or anisoxeas, as structural megascleres. Ectosomal megascleres are mucronate or tylostrongylote tornotes occasionally with one or more vestigial spines (Desqueyroux-Faúndez and Van Soest, 1996).

Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi Ríos, Cristobo and Kenchington sp. nov.

Type material: Holotype: TBD Orphan Seamount (NW Atlantic), 50.1119; −45.3199. Depth 2999.88 m, Coll. CCGS Hudson, 19.07.2010, 1 specimen. Rock substrate. In 70% Ethanol Canadian Museum of Nature number CMNI 2020-0004. Paratype: Atlantic Reference Centre (ARC) Museum (ARC 81604) Orphan Seamount (NW Atlantic), 50.0484; -45.3757, 3,450 m depth, Coll. RRS Discovery, 08.07.2017, 1 specimen. Rock substrate. In 100% Ethanol.

Holotype of Tedania (Tedaniopsis) phacellina Topsent, 1912, was revised. Museé Oceanographique Monaco; Collection of S.A.S. Le Prince de Monaco Station 2183, 28th August 1905, 1,998 m in depth. A small fragment (Schizotype) was analyzed by SEM.

Derivatio nominis: In honor of Prof. Hans Tore Rapp (1972–2020), University of Bergen, Norway, a renowned sponge taxonomist and dear colleague, who described 50 new species of sponges for science. Prof. Rapp was also coordinator and leader of the EU Horizon 2020 SponGES project which focused much needed attention on deep-sea sponges and their habitats.
 

Pilar Ríos, Javier Cristobo, Emily Baker, Lindsay Beazley, Timothy Culwick and Ellen Kenchington. 2021. Increasing Knowledge of Biodiversity on the Orphan Seamount: A New Species of Tedania (Tedaniopsis) Dendy, 1924. Front. Mar. Sci. 8:612857. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.612857


เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , ,

Tuesday, January 19, 2021

[Porifera • 2021] Mycale Species of the Tropical Indo-West Pacific (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)


Mycale (Arenochalina) euplectellioides (Row, 1911)

in van Soest, Aryasari & de Voogd, 2021.

Abstract
The species of the cosmopolitan sponge genus Mycale occurring in the tropical Indo-West Pacific region and adjacent subtropical waters are reviewed taxonomically. Specimens incorporated in the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center form the basis of this comprehensive study, supplemented by (type) specimens borrowed from or examined in other institutions. Specimens available numbered 351, belonging to 44 species, including 14 species new to science, Mycale (Aegogropila) prognatha sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) amiri sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) fungiaphila sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) monomicrosclera sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) tenuichela sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) tubiporicola sp.nov., Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., Mycale (Mycale) asigmata sp.nov., Mycale (Mycale) grandoides sp.nov., Mycale (Mycale) sundaminorensis sp.nov., Mycale (Naviculina) mascarenensis sp.nov., Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., Mycale (Paresperella) seychellensis sp.nov., Mycale (Zygomycale) sibogae sp.nov. Three species, indicated by the designation ‘aff.’, were not definitely assigned to known or new species due to uncertainty of their identity. The genus Kerasemna, previously considered a junior synonym of Mycale, was revived as an additional subgenus Mycale (Kerasemna). One species, previously assigned to the genus Desmacella as D. lampra De Laubenfels is here reassigned to Mycale, subgenus at present undecided. Additionally, species previously reported from the region but not represented in our collections are briefly characterized and discussed. We propose new names Mycale (Mycale) mauricei nom.nov. for Mycale macrochela Burton (junior primary homonym of Mycale fistulata var. macrochela Hentschel) and Mycale (Mycale) bouryesnaultae nom.nov. for Mycale (Mycale) fibrosa Boury-Esnault & Van Beveren (junior primary homonym of Mycale (Aegogropila) adhaerens subsp. fibrosa Koltun). Keys to the species of each subgenus occurring in the region are provided. The opportunity of having studied this comprehensive set of species and specimens from the tropical Indo-West Pacific is taken to review and discuss the morphological and biogeographical data gathered so far on the genus Mycale. The genus currently comprises approximately 255 accepted species, with highest diversity focused in tropical Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific regions as well as in warm-temperate Mediterranean-Atlantic regions.

Keywords: Porifera, Sponges, taxonomy, new species, Indonesia, Western Indian Ocean, biogeography


Mycale (Arenochalina) euplectellioides (Row, 1911)
 

Rob W.M. van Soest, Ratih Aryasari and Nicole J. de Voogd. 2021. Mycale Species of the Tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida). Zootaxa. 4912(1); 1-212. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Thursday, December 31, 2020

[Crustacea • 2020] New Records of Two Sponge-associated Species of Upogebia Leach, 1814 (Decapoda: Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) from southern India: U. hexaceras and U. nithyanandan resurrected from the synonymy of U. balmaorum


Upogebia nithyanandan (Sakai, Türkay & Al Aidaroos, 2015)

in Komai, Ravinesh, Riyas & Kumar, 2020.

Abstract

Two species of the mud shrimp genus Upogebia Leach, 1814 (Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) are recorded from India for the first time based on material from Tamil Nadu: U. hexaceras (Ortmann, 1894) and U. nithyanandan (Sakai, Türkay & Al Aidaroos, 2015). Both were found in burrows in an unidentified sponge. Upogebia nithyanandan is resurrected as a valid species from the synonymy of U. balmaorum Ngoc-Ho, 1990, recently proposed by Dworschak & Poore (2018). The two species are fully described and illustrated on the basis of the newly collected specimens, and diagnostic characters for species recognition are discussed.

Keywords: Decapoda, Kuwaitupogebia, synonymy, Tamil Nadu


Upogebia nithyanandan (Sakai, Türkay & Al Aidaroos, 2015).
Living specimen (male cl 4.3 mm; DABFUK/ AR-AN 111) inhabiting burrow in an unidentified sponge.


Tomoyuki Komai, Raveendhiran Ravinesh, Abdul Riyas and Appukuttannair Biju Kumar. 2020. New Records of Two Sponge-associated Species of Upogebia Leach, 1814 from southern India (Decapoda: Gebiidea: Upogebiidae): U. hexaceras (Ortmann, 1894) and U. nithyanandan (Sakai, Türkay & Al Aidaroos, 2015) resurrected from the synonymy of U. balmaorum Ngoc-Ho, 1990. Zootaxa. 4747(3); 477–494. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.3.3
  
เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Sunday, November 22, 2020

[Ichthyology • 2020] Stigmatopora harastii • A New Species of Pipefish (Syngnathiformes, Syngnathidae) in Facultative Associations with Finger Sponges and Red Algae from New South Wales, Australia


Stigmatopora harastii 
Short & Trevor-Jones, 2020

Harasti’s Pipefish or Red Wide-bodied Pipefish || DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.994.57160 

Abstract
A new species of pipefish, Stigmatopora harastii sp. nov., is described based on the male holotype and two female paratypes, 136.3–145.5 mm SL, collected from red algae (sp.?) at 12 meters depth in Botany Bay, New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The new taxon shares morphological synapomorphies with the previously described members of Stigmatopora, including principle body ridges, fin placement, slender tail, and absence of a caudal fin. It is morphologically and meristically similar to Stigmatopora nigra, including snout length and shape, dorsal-fin origin on 6th–7th trunk ring, and lateral trunk ridge terminating on the first tail ring. Stigmatopora harastii sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners, however, by characters of the head and first trunk ring, distinct sexual dimorphic markings on sides and venter of anterior trunk rings, and red background coloration in life. The new taxon can be further differentiated by genetic divergence in the mitochondrial COI gene (uncorrected p-distances of 9.8%, 10.1%, 10.7%, and 14.6%, from S. argus, S. macropterygia, S. narinosa, and S. nigra, respectively). The type locality is characterised by semi-exposed deep-water sandy areas interspersed with boulders, flat reefs, and an absence of seagrass beds, in which S. harastii has been observed living in facultative associations with a finger sponge and red algae at depths of 10–25 meters, compared to the shallow coastal and estuarine habitats preferred by the fucoid algae and seagrass-associating members of Stigmatopora. Stigmatopora harastii sp. nov. represents the fourth species of Stigmatopora recorded in temperate southern Australia.

Keywords: Botany Bay, COI, cryptobenthic, ichthyology, Jervis Bay, marine fish, morphology, South Pacific, Sydney, systematics, taxonomy

Figure 3. Stigmatopora harastii in situ, AMS I. 49510-001, holotype, male A (right individual) B (left individual); The Steps, Kurnell, Botany Bay, NSW, Australia, 13.5 meters depth, 18 June 2020. The male holotype was photographed with a paired female individual, which was not collected. Note the large cluster of distinct red spots extending posteriad on venter of anterior trunk rings in the male (photographs: Andrew Trevor-Jones).

 Figure 4. Stigmatopora harastii in situ, AMS I.47267 paratypes, female, The Steps, Kurnell, Botany Bay, NSW, Australia at 11–12 meters depth, 06 June 2017 (photographs: David Harasti).

Figure 1. Stigmatopora harastii, preserved directly after collection, AMS I. 49510-001, holotype male, 145.5 mm SL A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view; Australia: NSW, Botany Bay, Kurnell (photograph: Kerryn Parkinson).
Figure 2. Stigmatopora harastii, preserved directly after collection, paratypes, female A AMS I.47267-001, 136.3 mm SL B AMS I.47267-002, 138.2 mm SL; Australia: NSW, Botany Bay, Kurnell (photograph: Kerryn Parkinson).

Stigmatopora harastii sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Stigmatopora harastii differs from its congeners by the following combination of morphological characters: median ridge, distinct, low, present on dorsum of head and first trunk ring starting from the posterior third of the frontal, over the supraoccipital, to the anterior and posterior nuchal plates; opercular ridge prominent, complete, not angled dorsad; lateromedial ridge, distinct, low, present between opercle and pectoral fin base; dorsal-fin origin on 6th–7th trunk rings, subdorsal rings 19–20 (12 trunk rings + 7 or 8 tail rings); lateral trunk ridge ends on first tail ring. Colouration: red background colour; dorsum of snout with large, irregular pale white spots; sides of head and anterior trunk rings with large, irregular pale white spots or with diffuse pale white stripe; venter of first trunk ring with distinct red elongated spots in longitudinal row, almost forming a stripe, on midline present in male (AMS I. 49510-001); venter of anterior trunk rings pale red with a large cluster of distinct red spots extending posteriad from second trunk ring in male (AMS I. 49510-001), few scattered small red spots in females (AMS I.1.47267).

Etymology: This species is named after David Harasti, one of the first to recognize S. harastii as being a new species, for recognition of his efforts towards conservation of Syngnathidae in Australia, and for being an aficionado extraordinaire of his beloved genus Stigmatopora. David has stated he counts green pipefish to fall asleep. Harasti’s Pipefish and the Red Wide-bodied Pipefish are proposed here as the common names for S. harastii.

Figure 6. Aerial view of the scuba dive site The Steps, Kurnell, Botany Bay, NSW, Australia A shore and entrance B inshore boulders (photographs: Michael McFadyen).

Figure 8. Stigmatopora harastii in situ, male-female pair A lateral view B anterior view, Minmi Trench, Botany Bay, NSW, Australia, 18 meters depth, 17 February 2019 (photographs: Duncan Heuer). 

Figure 9. Stigmatopora harastii in situ A–C male D female, The Gutter, Bass Point, Shellharbour, NSW, Australia, 18 meters depth, 17 Feb 2017 (photographs: Craig Taylor).


 Graham Short and Andrew Trevor-Jones. 2020. Stigmatopora harastii, A New Species of Pipefish in Facultative Associations with Finger Sponges and Red Algae from New South Wales, Australia (Teleostei, Syngnathidae). ZooKeys. 994: 105-123. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.994.57160
 
Meet the spectacular Red Wide-bodied Pipefish: Australia's newest endemic fish species


เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Friday, July 17, 2020

[Invertebrate • 2020] Desmacella hyalina • A New Cryptic Demosponge (Porifera, Desmacellidae) in Glass Sponge Reefs from the western coast of Canada


Desmacella hyalina  
Law, Reiswig, Ott, McDaniel, Kahn, Guillas, Dinn & Leys, 2020


 Abstract
Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) form globally unique reefs that support deep-sea biodiversity in the Canadian northeast Pacific. In February 2017, the largest known reefs were protected within the Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs Marine Protected Area (HSQCS-MPA). Many studies that have established baseline biodiversity data for the MPA have focused on describing the crustaceans and fish living in the reefs, but the relationship between glass sponges and sponge epibionts has often been overlooked. We studied one of the more conspicuous sponge epibionts of the genus Desmacella Schmidt, 1870, a demosponge that encrusts the surface of reef-forming glass sponges. Using a remotely operated vehicle, samples of an encrusting sponge with three color morphotypes (yellow, white, and mauve) were collected from the northern reef complex of the HSQCS-MPA. Spicule and DNA analyses of COI sequences revealed the white morphotype to be distinct from the previously described species, D. austini Lehnert, Conway, Barrie & Krautter, 2005. Comparisons with other Desmacella samples collected from other regions in British Columbia waters since 1976 confirmed this to be a new species, which we describe here as Desmacella hyalina sp. nov. We also mapped the spatial distribution of the color morphotypes on the reefs and found that Desmacella spp. formed nearly 20% of live sponge cover at some sampling sites indicating its potential importance in the reefs. Our results expand on knowledge of the diversity of sponge epibionts in glass sponge reefs and highlight the importance of understanding cryptic species diversity especially for future monitoring in marine protected areas.

Keywords: Glass sponges, Porifera, Cryptic diversity, Marine protected areas, Desmacella, Epibionts, Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound, Hexactinellida



Class Demospongiae Sollas, 1885
Order Desmacellida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015

Family Desmacellidae Ridley & Dendy, 1886

Genus Desmacella Schmidt, 1870

Desmacella hyalina sp. nov.

Type locality: Hecate Strait, British Columbia, Canada

Etymology: The name is derived from the word hyalinus, borrowed from the Ancient Greek word huálinos meaning “of crystal or glass.” This species name refers to its growth on glass sponges.


Lauren K. Law, Henry M. Reiswig, Bruce S. Ott, Neil McDaniel, Amanda S. Kahn, Keenan C. Guillas, Curtis Dinn and Sally P. Leys. 2020. Description and Distribution of Desmacella hyalina sp. nov. (Porifera, Desmacellidae), A New Cryptic Demosponge in Glass Sponge Reefs from the western coast of Canada. Marine Biodiversity. 50; 55. DOI: 10.1007/s12526-020-01076-6

Scientists identify new species of sea sponge off coast of British Columbia

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , ,

Friday, July 10, 2020

[Invertebrate • 2020] Advhena magnifica • A Collection of Hexactinellids (Porifera) from the deep South Atlantic and North Pacific: New Genus, New Species and New Records


Advhena magnifica 
Castello-Branco​, Collins & Hajdu, 2020


Abstract 
This article describes or redescribes four hexactinellid sponges, namely Poliopogon amadou, Euplectella sanctipauli sp. nov., Bolosoma perezi sp. nov. and Advhena magnifica gen. et sp. nov. P. amadou, E. sanctipauli sp. nov. and B. perezi sp. nov. represent new findings for the South Atlantic deep-sea fauna, including the first record of Bolosoma for this ocean. Advhena magnifica gen. et sp. nov., on the other hand, was collected by NOAA oceanographic expeditions in the North Pacific (Pigafetta Guyot).


Figure 8: Advhena magnifica gen. et sp. nov. holotype (USNM 1424107).
(A‒D) specimen in situ; (E and F) details of specimen in ethanol (1 cm).


Genus Advhena gen. nov.

Type species: Advhena magnifica gen. et sp. nov.  

Diagnosis: Bolosominae with a globular body slightly flattened, with big lateral opening and long stalk (at least four times the body size). Choanosomal spicules are diactins. Dermalia and atrialia are hexactins and pentactins. Microscleres are discohexasters, codonhexasters, calycodiscohexasters and graphiocomes.

Etymology: Feminine gender. Modified from the latin, ‘Advena’, meaning stranger, foreigner, alien, newcomer, guest, in reference to the sponge shape, which calls to mind aliens from various movies. An ‘h’ was added in ‘Advena’ (Advhena) to distinguish the name from that of the helicarionid gastropod Advena Gude, 1913, in order to make sure there will be no overlapping with valid names.

Remarks: The new specimen cannot be accommodated in any of the currently accepted genera in the subfamily (Table 2). It is clearly a long stalked Bolosominae individuum, with diactins as the main spicules, plus hexactins and pentactins. It is distinguished from other Bolosominae by the set of microscleres present, namely discasters, discohexasters, codonhexasters and derivatives, calycocomes, and graphiocomes, which render it unique among bolosomines, and justifies the proposal of a new genus.


Advhena magnifica sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Advhena magnifica sp. nov. is the only representative of Bolosominae with microscleres as discasters (480–570 μm diam.), discohexasters (55–60 μm diam.), codonstaurasters (103–160 μm diam.), discohexasters with calycocomes (138–255 μm diam.) and graphiocomes (150 μm (N = 1); 20–33 μm primary rays’ diam.).

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. Known from its type locality in the Pigafetta Guyot, east of the Mariana Trench (Pacific Ocean), 2028 m depth. Some video footage of likely Advhena specimens was obtained by NOAA ‘Okeanos’ expedition a year later (25 July 2017) at a locality rich in sponge diversity, dubbed the “Forest of the Weird”, as part of the Laulima O Ka Moana: Exploring Deep Monument Waters Around Johnston Atoll expedition (EX1706; on https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos/explorations/ex1706/dailyupdates/media/video/dive11-forest/forest.html).

ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet is used as a noun in apposition, and refers to the species’ magnificent, beautiful appearance.


Figure 10: Illustration of Advhena magnifica gen. et sp. nov. microscleres.
(A) Codonstauraster; (B) graphiocome (Illustrations by Nicholas Bezio).


Cristiana Castello-Branco​, Allen G. Collins and Eduardo Hajdu. 2020. A Collection of Hexactinellids (Porifera) from the deep South Atlantic and North Pacific: New Genus, New Species and New Records.  PeerJ. 8:e9431 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9431

A Magnificent New Sponge from the Deep Gets a Name

เขียนโดย ที่
ป้ายกำกับ: , , , , , , , , , ,
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)