en
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"
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Etymology
Symbol
en
Etymology 1
Abbreviation.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɛn/, /ˈiː.ɛn/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
en
- Abbreviation of English.
Etymology 2
The name of the letter comes from Latin en. The typographic sense dates to 1793.
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) enPR: ĕn, IPA(key): /ˈɛn/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɛn
- (pin–pen merger) IPA(key): /ɪn/
- Homophones: in, inn
Noun
en (plural ens)
- The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.
- The ems and ens at the beginnings and ends.
- 1773 October, The Monthly Review Or Literary Journal Enlarged:
- The word length, which contains only four sounds l e ng th, is usually spell'd thus, el ee en gee tee aitch.
- 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:
- I have drunk en-ee-cee-tee-ay-ar from the ef-ell-oh-doubleyou-ee-ar-ess in his gee-ay-ar-dee-ee-en many a time.
- (typography) A unit of measurement equal to half an em (half the height of the type in use).
Derived terms
(letter):
(typography, printing):
Translations
See also
Etymology 3
From French.
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
- Used in various phrases borrowed from French or formed as if borrowed from French (see "Derived terms" below).
Derived terms
- en ami
- en banc
- en bloc
- en brochette
- en clair
- en effet
- en famille
- en femme
- en garçon
- en garde
- en masse
- en pantoufles
- en passant
- en règle
- en retard
- en retraite
- en revanche
- en route
- en secondes noces
- en suite
Etymology 4
From Old English hine.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ən/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Pronoun
en
- (dialectal, Newfoundland) him
- (dialectal, Newfoundland) it (when the thing being referred to is masculine)
Etymology 5
Noun
en (plural ens)
- The name of the Cyrillic script letter Н / н.
Anagrams
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Pronunciation
Verb
én
- (intransitive) be, exist
Conjugation
More information Conjugation of (highly irregular), 1st singular ...
| Conjugation of en (highly irregular) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | 2nd singular | 3rd singular | 1st plural | 2nd plural | 3rd plural | |||
| m | f | |||||||
| perfective | V-affirmative | enéh | tenéh | yenéh | tenéh | nenéh | teneeníh | yeneeníh |
| N-affirmative | én | tén | yén | tén | nén | tenén | yenén | |
| negative | mánanniyo | mánannito | mánanna | mánanna | mánannino | mánanniton | mánannon | |
| imperfective (I) | V-affirmative | aníh | taníh | yaníh | taníh | naníh | taniiníh | yaniiníh |
| N-affirmative | án | tán | yán | tán | nán | tanín | yanín | |
| negative | máan | mátan | máyan | mátan | mánan | mátanin | máyanin | |
| imperfective (II) | V-affirmative | aniyóh | tanitóh | yaníh | taníh | naninóh | tanitoonúh | yaniiníh |
| N-affirmative | aniyó | tanitó | yán | tán | naninó | tanitón | yanín | |
Close
References
- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 283
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie), Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Etymology
Pronunciation
Conjunction
en
See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"
Pronunciation
Pronoun
en= (Kana spelling エン)
- me (first-person singular object pronoun)
See also
More information person, isolated form ...
| person | isolated form | affix form | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | objective | |||
| first | singular | kuani, kani1 | ku=, k=1 (before vowels) | en= |
| exclusive plural | ciokay, coka1, ciutari | ci=, c=1 =as | un= | |
| inclusive plural | anokay, aoka1, anutari | a=, =an | i= | |
| second | singular | eani | e= | |
| plural | eciokay, ecioka1, eciutari | eci= | ||
| singular (polite) | anokay, aoka1 | a=, =an | i= | |
| plural (polite) | anokay, aoka1, anutari | |||
| third | singular | sinuma, anihi | ∅= | |
| plural | okay, oka1 | |||
| indefinite | singular | asinuma | a=, =an | i= |
| plural | anokay, aoka1, anutari | |||
| 1. Saru dialect | ||||
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Ainu personal pronouns
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Etymology
From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Cognate with German ein, German Low German en, ein, Dutch een, English one, Icelandic einn, Swedish en.
Pronunciation
Article
en
- (indefinite) a, an
- 1835, Jakob Stutz, Gemälde aus dem Volksleben nach der Natur aufgenommen und treu dargestellt in gereimten Gesprächen Zürcherischer Mundart, first part, 2nd ed., pp. 27, 49, 97, 109:
- Ih wött dih jetz nu duße möge-n-
Auh noh en einzigs Wörtli fröge. - [...] as en einzigs Mol, [...]
- Denn ist er si Lebtig e stills Büebli gsi.
- Aber es wot e chüels Windli goh.
- Ih wött dih jetz nu duße möge-n-
- 1864, J. C. Ott, Rosen und Dornen. Gedichte und Gerichte, gewachsen auf Bernerboden, 1st small volume, 2nd ed., pp. 53, 57:
- „„Nu, wenn i öppis by d'r gilte,““
Seit Franz, – „„so mach en End myr Qual!
[...]““ - „[...]
O, schenk-mer, Herr, es gnädig's End,
Nimm uf my Geist i dyni Händ!“
- „„Nu, wenn i öppis by d'r gilte,““
- 1864, J. C. Ott, Rosen und Dornen. Gedichte und Gerichte, gewachsen auf Bernerboden, 1st small volume, 2nd ed., pp. 43, 76, 106, 186:
- E Mezgerbursch i syne schönste Jahre
Mit rothe Backe, schwarze, chruse Haare,
Chunt spät am Aabe ganz allei
Vom Erlebacher-Märit hei. - Im Berner Alpeg'länd sitzt vor sym chlyne Hüsi
[...]
En alte Veteran vom Cheiserrych
Na Dörflerg'wohnheit i d'r Gartenlaube. - [...] Da villicht en alte Jud, [...]
- En Ehrebrecher isch sy Kamerad, [...]
- E Mezgerbursch i syne schönste Jahre
- Joh. Schönauer, Beschreibung miner Heimat, in: 1876, Volksthümliches aus dem Kanton Bern. Localsagen und Satzungen des Aberglaubens. Gesammelt von Heinrich Grunholzer durch seine Seminarzöglinge. Zusammengestellt und herausgegeben von J. E. Rothenbach. Separat-Abdruck aus der „Neuen Alpenpost“, p. 5:
- Vor zwei Jahra ist z' Höchstetta, das 20 Minuta vo Zäziwyl ist, emene Länder-Güterfuhrma der Waga verbrönnt worda.
- 1835, Jakob Stutz, Gemälde aus dem Volksleben nach der Natur aufgenommen und treu dargestellt in gereimten Gesprächen Zürcherischer Mundart, first part, 2nd ed., pp. 27, 49, 97, 109:
Declension
Zürich:
More information Singular, Masculine ...
| Singular | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | en | e | e (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) |
| Dative | eme | ene | eme |
| Accusative | en | e | e (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) |
Close
Bern:
More information Singular, Masculine ...
| Singular | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | e (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) | e (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) | es (before a consonant) |
| Dative | emene | ||
| Accusative | e (before a consonant) | e (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) | es (before a consonant) en (before a vowel) |
Close
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Alternative forms
- in (Paḷḷuezu)
Etymology
From Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
Usage notes
- The preposition en contracts to n' before a word beginning with a vowel or h-: n'Asturies (in Asturias), n'honor (in honor)
Derived terms
Etymology
Noun
en
Etymology
Conjunction
en
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ēn.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
en (definite accusative eni, plural enlər)
Declension
More information Declension of, singular ...
| Declension of en | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| nominative | en |
enlər | ||||||
| definite accusative | eni |
enləri | ||||||
| dative | enə |
enlərə | ||||||
| locative | endə |
enlərdə | ||||||
| ablative | endən |
enlərdən | ||||||
| definite genitive | enin |
enlərin | ||||||
Close
More information Possessive forms of, nominative ...
| Possessive forms of en | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enim | enlərim | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | enin | enlərin | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | eni | enləri | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimiz | enlərimiz | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eniniz | enləriniz | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | eni or enləri | enləri | ||||||
| accusative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enimi | enlərimi | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | enini | enlərini | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | enini | enlərini | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimizi | enlərimizi | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eninizi | enlərinizi | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | enini or enlərini | enlərini | ||||||
| dative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enimə | enlərimə | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | eninə | enlərinə | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | eninə | enlərinə | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimizə | enlərimizə | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eninizə | enlərinizə | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | eninə or enlərinə | enlərinə | ||||||
| locative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enimdə | enlərimdə | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | enində | enlərində | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | enində | enlərində | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimizdə | enlərimizdə | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eninizdə | enlərinizdə | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | enində or enlərində | enlərində | ||||||
| ablative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enimdən | enlərimdən | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | enindən | enlərindən | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | enindən | enlərindən | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimizdən | enlərimizdən | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eninizdən | enlərinizdən | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | enindən or enlərindən | enlərindən | ||||||
| genitive | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | enimin | enlərimin | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | eninin | enlərinin | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | eninin | enlərinin | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | enimizin | enlərimizin | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | eninizin | enlərinizin | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | eninin or enlərinin | enlərinin | ||||||
Close
Derived terms
- en dairəsi (“latitude”)
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ēn”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- “en” in Obastan.com.
Etymology 1
From the final syllable of Latin domine (“Mister”).
Pronunciation
Article
en m sg (elided n', feminine na)
- (Eastern) Personal article used before masculine given names instead of the definite article el.
- En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.
- Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.
Usage notes
- While this article (and its feminine counterpart na) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article els is used in all dialects.
Derived terms
- can (contraction of ca and ne)
Etymology 2
From Latin in (“in, inside”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
Etymology 3
Inherited from Latin inde (“thence”). Compare French en, Italian ne.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
en (proclitic, contracted n', enclitic ne, contracted enclitic 'n)
- Represents an indeterminate number or quantity of a given noun.
- Represents a place (associated with the action described by the verb) that would be introduced by the preposition de.
- Replaces a phrase introduced by the preposition de.
- Replaces the object of a causative verb.
Usage notes
- en cannot be used more than once as the object of a given verb.
- While en is usually used to replace phrases beginning with the preposition de, adverbial phrases (e.g., de pressa) are replaced with hi.
- en is sometimes used instead of ho to replace an adjective or indefinite noun as the predicate of a verb.
- en is sometimes used popularly to add emphasis to a sentence: in this sense, it has no translation in English.
- en is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
Declension
More information strong/subject, weak (direct object) ...
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Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
See also
Further reading
- “en” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “en” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Noun
en f (plural ens)
- (traditional) Alternative form of ena (“the letter N”)
Etymology 1
From Old High German in.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
Adverb
en
- (most dialects) in
Etymology 2
From Old High German indi.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Conjunction
en
- (some western dialects) and
Etymology 3
From Old High German ein.
Alternative forms
- e (neuter and in some dialects masculine, before non-dental consonants)
Pronunciation
Article
en (indefinite)
- (most dialects) feminine nominative and accusative
- (most dialects) neuter nominative and accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
- (some dialects) masculine nominative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
- (some dialects) masculine accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Pronoun
en (personal, reduced)
Pronunciation
Pronoun
en
Usage notes
- en is used as a subject of a transitive verb in realis mood, and as a subject with all verbs in irrealis mood. It is in complementary distribution with hamyo, which is generally used as an object of a transitive verb, and also as a subject of an intransitive verb in realis mood.
See also
More information hu-type pronouns, singular ...
| hu-type pronouns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | hu | ta | in |
| 2nd person | un | en | |
| 3rd person | ha | ma | |
| yoʼ-type pronouns | |||
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | yoʼ | hit | ham |
| 2nd person | hao | hamyo | |
| 3rd person | gueʼ | siha | |
| emphatic pronouns | |||
| singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
| 1st person | guahu | hita | hami |
| 2nd person | hagu | hamyo | |
| 3rd person | guiya | siha | |
Close
Chamorro personal pronouns
References
Pronoun
en
- Second-person singular pronoun; you
See also
More information singular, plural ...
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ngaang, nganga, ngang | áám, am (exclusive) kiich, kich (inclusive) | |
| 2nd person | een, en | áámi, ami | |
| 3rd person | iiy, i | iir, ir | |
Close
Chuukese personal pronouns
Determiner
en (plural ekkan)
- this (not in possession of the speaker)
Pronoun
en
- Alternative form of in (“him”)
Further reading
- “en” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Noun
en
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : en Ordinal : første | ||
Etymology
From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).
Pronunciation
Article
en (neuter et)
Numeral
en (neuter et)
Pronoun
en or én (neuter et or ét, definite ene)
Usage notes
References
- Erik Hansen & Lars Hedtoft, Grammatik over det Danske Sprog (Odense 2011), vol. 2, 557.
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch ende, from Old Dutch ande, inde, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.
Conjunction
en
- and
- De oude man en de zee. ― The Old Man and the Sea.
- well, so
- En, hoe gaat het ermee? ― Well, how're you doing?
- En? ― Well?
- En, wat zou dat? ― So what?
- (mathematics) plus, and
- Synonym: plus
- Drie en vier is zeven. ― Three plus four is seven.
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- door en door
- en dan
- en of
- en toch
- nou en
Descendants
See also
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch ne, en, from Old Dutch ne, from Proto-Germanic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.
Adverb
en
- (colloquial or dialectal in Belgium, obsolete elsewhere) not (often with another negator, see usage notes)
- 1544, "Van proper Janneken" (song 123), in Dieuwke E. van der Poel, Dirk Geirnaert, Hermina Joldersma, J.B. Oosterman & Louis Peter Grijp (eds.) Het Antwerps liedboek, vol. 1, Lannoo (publ. 2004), page 283.
- Schoon soete lief, waert u bequame / Dat ghi mi gaeft een troostelijc woort, / Ic en soude certeyn geen ander boelken kiesen, / Al sout mi oock aen mijn leven gaen.
- Beautiful sweet darling, if it were pleasing to you / that you gave me a word of consolation, / I would certainly choose no other girlfriend, / even if it were to put my life at risk.
- 1632, Jacob Cats, Spiegel van den ouden ende nieuwen tijt, bestaende uyt spreeckwoorden ende sinspreucken, "Een rotten appel in de mande, maeckt oock het gave fruyt te schande.", in J. van Vloten (ed.), Alle de werken, vol. 1, 1862, page 649.
- Daer magh geen rotte peer in onse manden wesen, / En wat'er niet en deught, dat dient'er uyt gelesen;
- There should not be any rotten pear in our baskets, / and what is not of decent quality, that ought be taken out of it;
- "Herr Halewyn", A.H. Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Horae Belgicae, page 41.
- ‘Uw zoon heer Halewyn is gaen jagen, / g’ en ziet hem weêr uw levens dagen.’
- 'Your son Lord Halewyn has gone hunting / you won't see him again for the rest of your life.'
- c. 1860, Guido Gezelle, Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan:
- Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! / dat 't waalsch gezwets zal boven slaan: / 't en zal!
- You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't! / That Walloon banter [i.e. Belgian French, not the Walloon language] will gain the upper hand: / No, it won't!
- ...dat aldaer binnen Utrecht niet meer geacht ende respecteert en wordt, ... ― that in Utrecht is no longer valued and respected...
- 1544, "Van proper Janneken" (song 123), in Dieuwke E. van der Poel, Dirk Geirnaert, Hermina Joldersma, J.B. Oosterman & Louis Peter Grijp (eds.) Het Antwerps liedboek, vol. 1, Lannoo (publ. 2004), page 283.
- (obsolete) only, merely, no other than, none other than (together with maar)
Usage notes
- In historical usage, en is always used directly before the finite verb. When used to negate it is commonly accompanied by another negator: gij en zult niet stelen (“thou shalt not steal”), en wat er niet en deugt (“and what is not of decent quality”), ik en zoude certein geen ander boelken kiezen (“I would certainly not choose another girlfriend”). Also when used as a stand-alone negator or when combined with maar, it still stands directly before the finite verb. Use of the particle does not trigger a change in the word order.
- In Belgian Dutch it is still sometimes used in certain regional lects and in the tussentaal (“informal registers influenced by both Standard Belgian Dutch and the regional lects”). Details and frequency of use depend on what regional language variety influences a given speaker's idiom, as well as on the speaker's preferences.
- In West Flemish usage broadly conforms to historical use: the negation particle may be used along with other negators, independentely or it may be omitted. It is also used as a stand-alone negator to contradict a previous statement that was phrased with positive polarity: Gij zegt dat 't Vlaams te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! (“You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't!”)
- In Belgian Brabantian it is frequently omitted, but it may also be used directly before another negator rather than before the finite verb: en niet.
- In contemporary Netherlands Dutch the use of the particle is limited to old proverbs, such as wat baten kaars en bril als de uil niet zien en wil.
Anagrams
Alternative forms
- in (Valverdeñu)
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.
Preposition
en
- in
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:
- Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberarius con menus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu: […]
- As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign States with less territory than our three places, such as: […]
Usage notes
References
- Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web), 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle French en, from Old French en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
Preposition
en
- in (used to indicate space, also see usage notes)
- J’habite en Angleterre. ― I live in England.
- to (indicates direction towards certain very large locations, see usage notes)
- Il est allé en France. ― He went to France.
- by (used to indicate means)
- aller en bus ― go by bus
- partir en voiture ― leave by car
- as
- Il me traite en ami. ― He treats me as a friend.
- habillé en père Noël ― dressed as Father Christmas
- at (used to describe an ability)
- fort en histoire ― good at history
- of, made of (used to describe composition)
- une chaise en hêtre ― a chair made of beech/a beech chair
- une fourchette en métal ― a fork made of metal/a metal fork
- in (during the following time (used for months and years))
- en 1993 ― in 1993
- en janvier ― in January
- en septembre 2001 ― in September 2001
- (followed by a gerund) while
- (followed by a gerund) by, in (describing a way of getting something)
- C’est en trichant qu’il est devenu champion. ― It was by cheating that he became champion.
- in (used to describe color)
- une photo en noir et blanc ― a photo in black and white
- in (used to describe feelings)
- en détresse ― in distress
- in (as part of something)
- en équipe ― on a team
Usage notes
- En in the sense of while is often not translated into English.
- When referring to location in countries, provinces, or similar subdivisions in sense 1 and direction in sense 2, en must be used when the name for that very large location is either a feminine singular noun or a vowel-initial masculine singular noun. If the name for the very large location is a consonant-initial masculine singular noun, au is used, while if the name of the very large location is plural, aux is used.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “en”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Etymology 2
From Latin inde (“thence”). Compare Catalan en, Italian ne.
Pronoun
en
- Used as the object of a verb to indicate an indefinite quantity; of it, of them. Replaces the partitive article (du, de la, etc.)
- Essaies-en !
- Try some (of it / them)!
- Tu as combien de livres ? J’en ai trois.
- How many books do you have? I have three (of them).
- Y a-t-il beaucoup de pièces ? Oui. Il y en a beaucoup.
- Are there many rooms? Yes, there are many (of them).
- Martin a trois sandwichs, mais j’en ai seulement deux.
- Martin has three sandwiches, but I have only two (of them).
- Il y en a combien ?
- How many of them are there?
- Je bois de l’alcool parce que j’en ai besoin
- I drink alcohol because I need it.
- 1654, Blaise Pascal, Traité du triangle arithmétique :
- J'en donnerai ici la méthode, que je poursuivrai seulement en deux ou trois exemples, qui seront si aisés à continuer qu'il ne sera pas nécessaire d'en donner davantage.
- I shall give (of it) here the method that I shall pursue only in two or three examples, which will be so easy to continue that it will not be necessary to give more of them.
- J'en donnerai ici la méthode, que je poursuivrai seulement en deux ou trois exemples, qui seront si aisés à continuer qu'il ne sera pas nécessaire d'en donner davantage.
- Adverbial preposition indicating movement away from a place already mentioned; from there, from it. Replaces the phrase de là or d’ici.
- Est-ce qu’elle vient de Barcelone ? Oui, elle en vient.
- Does she come from Barcelona? Yes, she comes from there.
Related terms
More information Number, Person ...
| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Locative (at) |
Genitive (of) |
Disjunctive (tonic) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | First | — | je, j’ | me, m’ | — | — | moi | |
| Second | — | tu | te, t’ | — | — | toi | ||
| Third | Masculine | il | le, l’ | lui | y | en | lui | |
| Feminine | elle | la, l’ | elle | |||||
| Indeterminate | on1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Reflexive | — | se, s’4 | — | — | soi4 | |||
| Plural | First | — | nous | nous | — | — | nous | |
| Second | — | vous2 | vous2,3 | — | — | vous2 | ||
| Third | Masculine | ils3 | les | leur | y | en | eux3 | |
| Feminine | elles | elles | ||||||
Close
French personal pronouns
- 1 Also used as the first person plural.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
- 3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
- 4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
Anagrams
Pronoun
en
- first person plural inclusive pronoun;short form we
Usage notes
See also
References
- Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
- Ritsuko Miyamoto (1993) “A Study of Fula Dialects : Examining the Continuous/Stative Constructions”, in Senri Ethnological Studies, volume 35, →DOI, pages 215-230
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish اَكْ (äŋ), from Proto-Turkic *eŋ. Compare Turkish en, Azerbaijani ən.
Adverb
en
- used to make superlatives from the following adjective or adverb, most, -est.
- en ii
- the best
- en gözäl kız
- the prettiest girl
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
en (definite accusative eni, plural enlär)
References
- Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 30
- Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 61
- N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “en”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 176
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
- in
- when preceding a verb or a complement of a verb it can denote an unfinished or continued action:
- O Manuel vai na casa ― Manuel went home (implying that eventually he'll be back)
- María beberrica no licor ― María is sipping the liquor
- 1822, anonymous author, A Parola Polêteca:
- En escoitalo, señor tio Calacú, xà o peléxo do meu corpo tembra. Sei que á tanta agua que acarrexóu amolentoulle os miolos, é por eso louquéa
- While listening to you, my sir uncle Pumpkin, my body's skin trembles. Perhaps the much water you have carried softened you brain, and therefore you are going insane
- 1853, Xosé Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:
Usage notes
Derived terms
More information -, Singular ...
Close
- nalgún, nalgunha, nalgunhas, nalgúns
- nel, nela, nelas, neles
- nese, nesa, neses, nesas, niso
- neste, nesta, nestes, nestas, nisto
- noutra, noutras, noutro, noutros
- nestoutro, nestoutra, nestoutros, nestoutras
More information -, Singular a ...
Close
Etymology 2
Probably from Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin inde.
Alternative forms
- ende (now literary)
Pronunciation
Adverb
en
- while; as soon as (followed by the gerund of a verb, expresses immediacy or simultaneity)
- En chegando mudas a roupa mollada ― As soon as you arrive change your wet clothes
- 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla., Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 111:
- Et o conde, en chegando et ferindo logo ẽnos mouros, todo en hũu o fezo
- And the count, [just] arriving, and hurting promptly the Moors, all in one he did that
- 1460, Rui Vasques, Corónica de Iria:
- en leendo perlos llibros algũus de canõicas antijgas, et preujlegios goticos dos santos catholicos et deuotos bispos de Yria et porla Escriptura, achey o fundamento para rreduzir aa memoria dos homes quanto durarõ çertas ydades
- [while/after] reading books, some of them of ancient canons, and Gothic privileges of the saint Catholic and devout bishops of Iria, and through the Bible, I found the foundation for reducing to the mind of men for how long some ages lasted
- 1461, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 141:
- dito testigo en seendo moço pequeno con seu tyo Afonso Dominges, guardando o gaando en Curro do Moyño, que le dixera o dito Afonso Domingees "bees, por aquy se parte ho término do conde do de Juan d'Estúñiga
- said witness [while/when] being a young boy and together with his uncle Afonso Domínguez, watching the cattle in Curro do Muíño, he was told by said Afonso Domínguez: "you see, here the term of the count limits with that of Xoán de Estúñiga"
- 1858, Francisco María de la Iglesia, O orfiño da arquiña:
- Que pan e insinanza
Pardiola has de ter,
Roupiña e oficio
Para deprender;
E ende sendo grande
Si es home de ben,
Na Seña Duquesa
Madriña tamén- Such bread and teaching
By gosh you'll have!
Clothes and office
to learn;
And them when you're big
If you're a good man
our Lady the Duchess
will be also your protector
- Such bread and teaching
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “en”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “en”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “en”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “en”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Low German ên, from Old Saxon ēn. Compare Dutch een, German ein, West Frisian ien, English one.
Pronunciation
Article
en m or n (indefinite article)
Numeral
en
- (in some dialects, including Low Prussian) one (1)
See also
Pronunciation
Determiner
en (indefinite)
Pronoun
en
- unstressed accusative of er: him.
Inflection
More information nominative, accusative ...
| nominative | accusative | dative | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
| 1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich
meich |
meer | mer
m'r | |
| 2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de
-Dau, -De |
dich | deer | der
d'r/D'r | |
| 3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
| 3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
| 3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es |
-et, -'t |
ihm | em |
| 1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
| 2nd person plural | deer
Ehr, Dehr |
der | eich | |||
| 3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne | |
Close
Hunsrik personal pronouns
Declension
More information Masculine, Feminine ...
Close
Hunsrik indefinite articles
Further reading
Etymology
From Old Norse en. The comparative superior conjunction and the hesitational conjunction have developed separately into the same form. The comparative conjunction is -an in the old language; -þan on runestone probably is related to -then, while the other form (hesitational) has formed from the augmentive.
Pronunciation
 |
This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready. |
Adverb
en
- how
- Nei, Elín? En gaman að sjá þig! ― Elín? How good to see you!
Conjunction
en
- but
- than (with an adjective in the comparative)
- (formal written language) used to join closely linked sentences, similar to a semicolon in English
- 2019 April 25 (last accessed), “Baldur ákærður fyrir innherjasvik og brot í opinberu starfi”, in Vísir, archived from the original on 19 September 2016:
- Rannsókn embættis sérstaks saksóknara á meintum innherjasvikum Baldurs Guðlaugssonar stóð yfir í rúmlega ár, en FME kærði málið með bréfi til embættisins hinn 9. júlí á síðasta ári.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- conjunction similar to and
- Sonur hans hét Jón, en dóttir hans Ása. ― His son was named John and his daughter was named Ása.
- Veðrið var ekki gott framan af: rigning á fjallinu, en þoka í byggð. ― The weather was not good to begin with: rain in the mountains, and fog in the countryside.
Derived terms
- áður en
- betri er krókur en kelda
- betur sjá augu en auga
- fyrr en
- heldur en
- nær dauða en lífi
- sveltur sitjandi kráka en fljúgandi fær
References
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
- The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.
See also
Further reading
- “en” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Pronunciation
Verb
en
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 29
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 24
Anagrams
Etymology 1
From Dutch een (“a”). Cognates include Afrikaans 'n.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Article
en
Etymology 2
From Dutch en. Cognates include Afrikaans en.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
en
- and
- 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
- Hai waz nît tevrêde täus en […]
- He was not content at home and […]
Etymology
From Portuguese em.
Preposition
en
Pronunciation
Article
en
- oblique argument
See also
More information Person, Number ...
| Person | Number | Class I (Single) |
Class II (Transitive actor) |
Class III (Transitive undergoer) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tripartite split | |||||||
| First | singular | -ak | -ko, -k | sak-en | |||
| plural | -kami | -mi | dakami | ||||
| Second | singular | -ka | -mo, -m | sik-a | |||
| plural | -kayo | -yo | dakayo | ||||
| Accusative split | |||||||
| Third | plural | -da | daida | ||||
| First + second | singular | -ta | daita | ||||
| plural | -tako | datako | |||||
| Ergative split | |||||||
| Third | singular | Ø1 / sisya | -na | Ø1 / sisya | |||
| Fourth | impersonal singular/plural |
Ø1 | -na | Ø1 / siya | |||
| Blends | |||||||
| First + second | singular -ko + -ka |
-naka | – | ||||
| Third + second | singular -na + -ka |
-daka | – | ||||
| 1Null morpheme. | |||||||
Close
Kankanaey personal pronouns
References
- Janet L. Allen (2014) Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis (overall work in English), →ISBN, page 128
Preposition
en (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אין)
- in
- 2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:
- En todas partes del mundo bivi,
i pedasos de mi alma abandoni- I've lived in all parts of the world,
and abandoned pieces of my soul
- I've lived in all parts of the world,
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /eːn/, [eːn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /en/, [ɛn]
Interjection
ēn
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /en/, [ɛn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /en/, [ɛn]
Noun
en f (indeclinable)
- The name of the letter N.
Usage notes
- Multiple Latin names for the letter N, n have been suggested. The most common is en or a syllabic n, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, nē, ən, nə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιννε (inne).
Coordinate terms
References
- en in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- en in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63
Etymology 3
Preposition
en
Pronunciation
Noun
en m (invariable)
- The Latvian name of the Latin script letter N/n.
See also
- Latvian letter names:
Etymology
Preposition
en
Usage notes
When followed by an article, en is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:
More information Combined form ...
Close
More information Combined form ...
Close
More information Combined form ...
| en + pronoun | Combined form |
|---|---|
| en + el | nél |
| en + eilla | neilla |
| en + eillu | neillu |
| en + eillos | neillos |
| en + eillas | neillas |
Close
More information Combined form ...
| en + dem. adjective | Combined form | en + dem. pronoun | Combined form |
|---|---|---|---|
| en + esti | nesti | en + ésti | nésti |
| en + esta | nesta | en + ésta | nésta |
| en + estu | nestu | en + éstu | néstu |
| en + estos | nestos | en + éstos | néstos |
| en + estas | nestas | en + éstas | néstas |
Close
More information Combined form ...
| en + dem. adjective | Combined form | en + dem. pronoun | Combined form |
|---|---|---|---|
| en + esi | nesi | en + ési | nési |
| en + esa | nesa | en + ésa | nésa |
| en + esu | nesu | en + ésu | nésu |
| en + esos | nesos | en + ésos | nésos |
| en + esas | nesas | en + ésas | nésas |
Close
More information Combined form ...
| en + dem. adjective | Combined form | en + dem. pronoun | Combined form |
|---|---|---|---|
| en + aquel | naquel | en + aquél | naquél |
| en + aqueilla | naqueilla | en + aquéilla | naquéilla |
| en + aqueillu | naqueillu | en + aquéillu | naquéillu |
| en + aqueillos | naqueillos | en + aquéillos | naquéillos |
| en + aqueillas | naqueillas | en + aquéillas | naquéillas |
Close
Contractions of en
References
Pronunciation
Verb
en
References
- N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
- Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 142
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38
Verb
en
Etymology
From Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz.
Pronunciation
Article
en m or n
- Indefinite article; a, an
- Ech droen en Hutt, wann et reent. ― I wear a hat when it rains.
- Hues du e bloe Stëft? ― Do you have a blue pen?
Declension
Pronoun
en
- unstressed form of hien
- Hues de n e gefrot? ― Have you asked him?
- unstressed form of hinnen
- Ech hunn et e gesot. ― I told it them
Usage notes
- Due to the Eifel Rule, the final -n is lost when the following word begins with a consonant other than <d>, <h>, <n>, <t> or <z>.
Declension
More information nominative, accusative ...
| nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | ||||
| 1st person singular | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | ||
| 2nd person singular (informal) |
du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | ||
| 2nd person singular (formal) |
Dir | Der | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | ||
| 3rd person singular | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |
| f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||
| n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||
| 1st person plural | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | ||
| 2nd person plural | dir | der | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | ||
| 3rd person plural | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech | ||
Close
Luxembourgish personal pronouns
Romanization
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嗯
Romanization
en
- Nonstandard spelling of ēn.
- Nonstandard spelling of én.
- Nonstandard spelling of ěn.
- Nonstandard spelling of èn.
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Preposition
en
- Alternative form of in (“in”)
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ne (“not”).
Pronunciation
Particle
en m
- not; negates a verb, usage is facultative if it leads to a double negative
- unless
Alternative forms
- ne (older, Eastphalian)
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : en Ordinal : første | ||
Etymology
From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).
Pronunciation
Article
en m (feminine ei or (non-standard since 1938) e, neuter et)
Numeral
en m (feminine ei, neuter ett, stressed én)
Derived terms
See also
- ein (Nynorsk)
References
- “en” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Etymology 1
Conjunction
en
Etymology 2
Article
en
- (dialectal, nonstandard) Alternative form of ein
Etymology 3
Preposition
en
- Used as part of set phrases from French
Etymology 4
Conjunction
en
- Used as part of the expression stopp en hal
Alternative forms
- in (10th century)
Etymology
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
- in; inside
- 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine):
- Et pour ce qu’il se complaint moult de froit et horipilacion, pour ce au commencement on luy doit mettre les piés et les mains en eaue chaulde
- And if he complains about cold and shivers, to start with one must put his feet and is hands in hot water
- on; upon
- 12th Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:
- qi en la crois fu mis
- [He] who was put on the cross
- in (experiencing an emotion, a feeling, etc.)
- en paine ― in pain
- in (indicates a language)
- en latin ― in Latin
Descendants
| 10 | ||||
| 1 | 2 → | 10 → | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: ēn Ordinal: ērest | ||||
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *ain. Cognates include Old English ān and Old Saxon ēn.
Pronunciation
Numeral
ēn m or n
- one
- ēn skilling ― one shilling
Article
ēn m or n
Declension
More information Masculine, Feminine ...
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ēn, ān | ēne | ēn |
| Accusative | ēnne, ānne | ēne | ēn |
| Genitive | ēnes | ēnere, ēnre | ēnes |
| Dative | ēne | ēnere, ēnre | ēne |
Close
Declension of ēn
Descendants
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Etymology
From Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
- in
- 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 (facsimile):
- [C]omo hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſṫa maṙi[a] poꝛ q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtaua a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.
- How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.
- [C]omo hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſṫa maṙi[a] poꝛ q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtaua a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.
Descendants
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *anþi, *andi. Unstressed doublet of enn (“yet, still”).
Conjunction
en
- but
- (as a copulative): and
- Synonym: ok
Descendants
Etymology 2
From earlier an (“than”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þan, possibly through *þannai, whence cognate with Old English þonne (“than”). For similar loss of þ- compare at from earlier Proto-Norse ᚦᚨᛏ (þat), ᚦᛡᛏ (þᴀt).
Conjunction
en
Descendants
References
- en in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Pronoun
en
- of it; of them
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Can vei la lauzeta mover
- Ailas! Tan cuidava saber
D'amor, e tan petit en sai,- Alas! I thought I knew so much
about love, and I know so little [of it]!
- Alas! I thought I knew so much
- 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Can vei la lauzeta mover
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : ēn | ||
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *ain.
Pronunciation
Numeral
en m
- one
- thoh uui hēr te meti habdin garu im te geƀanne sō uui mahtin fargelden mēst tueho uuāri is noh than that iro ēnig thar ēnes gināmi(Heliand, verse 2637)
- Though we had food that we should buy to give him. The most doubt is still there that anyone once felt
Article
en m
Declension
More information Masculine, Neuter ...
| Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ēn | ēn | ēn |
| accusative | ēnana | ēn | ēna |
| genitive | ēnes | ēnes | ēnaro |
| dative | ēnumu | ēnumu | ēnaro |
Close
Declension of ēn
Descendants
Etymology
From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.
Numeral
ēn m or f
Etymology
Pronunciation
Article
en
Declension
Pronoun
en
- accusative of er: him
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
| singular | plural | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| m | f | n | |||||||
| nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
| dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
| accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie | ||
Close
Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
1unstressed
| 10 | ||||
| ← 0 | 1 | 2 → | 10 → | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: en Nominalized cardinal: eden Cardinal prefix: eno- Ordinal: prvi Fixed ordinal: prvoten Latinate ordinal: primaren Ordinal prefix: prvo- Number: ena Digit: enka Digit place: enica Adverbial: prvič Krat adverbial: prvikrat Multiplier: enojen Krat multiplier: enkrat Fixed multiplier: enkraten Adverbial multiplier: enojno Latinate multiplier: singleten Multiplier verb: poeniti Multiplier prefix: enojn- Krat multiplier prefix: enkratn- Krat adverbial multiplier: enkratno Collective: enoje Separable collective: enoj Greek or Latinate collective: monada Greek collective prefix: mono- Latinate collective prefix: uni- Fractional: enina Greek prefix: proto- Number of musicians: solo | ||||
Etymology
Contraction of earlier êden, from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ.
Pronunciation 1
Numeral
ȅn
Usage notes
The form éden is used when the word does not modify a noun directly, but stands in predicate position. When counting or reciting numbers, the feminine form éna is normally used (see the number box).
Declension
More information First declension (hard), fixed accent, masculine ...
| First declension (hard), fixed accent | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nom sg | ȅn | éna | éno |
| singular | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
ȅn | éna | éno |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énega | éne | énega |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énemu | éni | énemu |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
nominanim genanim |
éno | éno |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énem | éni | énem |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énim | éno | énim |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȅn | ȇna | ȇno |
Close
More information Other forms, positive ...
| Other forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| positive | comparative | superlative | |
| accusative singular masculine isolated form | énega | – | – |
| accusative singular neuter isolated form | éno, énega | – | – |
| adverb | – | – | – |
Close
Derived terms
Determiner
ȅn
- (colloquial) some (someone/something – indefinite determiner)
- Synonyms: nekȁk, nekȁkšen
- Eni moški stojijo tam. ― Some men are standing there.
- (colloquial, also unstressed) some (someone/something arbitrary – unspecified determiner)
Declension
More information First declension (hard), fixed accent, masculine ...
| First declension (hard), fixed accent | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nom sg | én | éna | éno |
| singular | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
én | éna | éno |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énega | éne | énega |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énemu | éni | énemu |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
nominanim genanim |
éno | éno |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énem, énemu | éni | énem, énemu |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énim | éno | énim |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇn | ȇna | ȇno |
| dual | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
éna | éni | éni |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énima | énima | énima |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
éna | éni | éni |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énima | énima | énima |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇna | éni | éni |
| plural | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
éni | éne | éna |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énim | énim | énim |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
éne | éne | éna |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énimi | énimi | énimi |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇni | ȇne | ȇna |
Close
More information Positive definite forms, singular ...
| Positive definite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
éni | éna | éno |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énega | éne | énega |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énemu | éni | énemu |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
nominanim genanim |
éno | éno |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énem, énemu | éni | énem, énemu |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énim | éno | énim |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇni | ȇna | ȇno |
| dual | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
éna | éni | éni |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énima | énima | énima |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
éna | éni | éni |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énima | énima | énima |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇna | ȇni | ȇni |
| plural | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative imenovȃlnik |
éni | éne | éna |
| genitive rodȋlnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| dative dajȃlnik |
énim | énim | énim |
| accusative tožȋlnik |
éne | éne | éna |
| locative mẹ̑stnik |
énih | énih | énih |
| instrumental orọ̑dnik |
énimi | énimi | énimi |
| (vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) |
ȇni | ȇne | ȇna |
Close
More information Other forms, positive ...
| Other forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| positive | comparative | superlative | |
| accusative singular masculine isolated form | énega | – | – |
| accusative singular neuter isolated form | éno, énega | – | – |
| adverb | – | – | – |
Close
Noun
ȅn m anim
Pronunciation 2
Article
en
- (colloquial, regional) a
- To je ena velika izmišljotina! ― This is a big made-up story.
Further reading
- “en”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “en”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Etymology
From Old Spanish en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Cognate with Old English in and English in.
Pronunciation
Preposition
en
- in, at, on
- Estoy en casa. ― I'm at home.
- Estoy sentado en la computadora. ― I'm sitting at the computer.
- en esta página ― on this page
- en la caja en la mesa ― in the box on the table
- in (a time)
- en la antigüedad ― in antiquity
- en 1999 ― in 1999
- in (a language)
- No conozco esta palabra en francés.
- I don't know this word in French.
- en todos los idiomas ― in all languages
- used after some verbs and translated by various prepositions in English
- Pienso en ti. ― I'm thinking of you.
- in (in various expressions)
- en el sentido ― in the sense
- en nuestro afán ― in our eagerness
Further reading
- “en”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
Romanization
en
- Romanization of 𒂗 (en)
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish ēn, æn, from Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
en (genitive ens)
- object form of the indefinite pronoun man ("one," "you")
- Det man inte vet skadar en inte
- What one doesn’t know doesn’t hurt one.
- (dialectal, colloquial) one, you
- Det en inte vet har en inte ont av.
Usage notes
Besides being the subject form in some dialects and vernaculars, en is sometimes deliberately used as an alternative subject form of the indefinite pronoun man, which is a homonymous derivative of the noun man ("man"). This development is in some ways parallel to the gender-neutral pronoun hen.
Declension
More information Number, Person ...
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| common | neuter | plural | |||||
| singular | first | — | jag | mig, mej3 | min | mitt | mina |
| second | — | du | dig, dej3 | din | ditt | dina | |
| third | masculine (person) | han | honom, han2, en5 | hans | |||
| feminine (person) | hon | henne, na5 | hennes | ||||
| gender-neutral (person)1 | hen | hen, henom7 | hens | ||||
| common (noun) | den | den | dess | ||||
| neuter (noun) | det | det | dess | ||||
| indefinite | man or en4 | en | ens | ||||
| reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | ||
| plural | first | — | vi | oss | vår, våran2 | vårt, vårat2 | våra |
| second | — | ni | er | er, eran2, ers6 | ert, erat2 | era | |
| archaic | I | eder | eder, eders6 | edert | edra | ||
| third | — | de, dom3 | dem, dom3 | deras | |||
| reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | ||
Close
Swedish personal pronouns
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
2Informal
3Colloquial pronunciation spelling.
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council
Numeral
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : en Ordinal : första | ||
en (neuter ett)
Coordinate terms
More information —0, —1 ...
Close
Cardinal numbers from 0 to 99
Cardinal numbers from 100 onward
- 100: hundra
- 103: tusen
- 104: tiotusen (myriad)
- 106: miljon
- 109: miljard
- 1012: biljon
- 1015: biljard
- 1018: triljon
- 1021: triljard
- 1024: kvadriljon
- 1027: kvadriljard
- 1030: kvintiljon
- 1033: kvintiljard
- 1036: sextiljon
- 1039: sextiljard
- 1042: septiljon
- 1045: septiljard
- 1048: oktiljon
- 1051: oktiljard
- 1054: noniljon
- 1057: noniljard
- 1060: deciljon
- 1063: deciljard
- 1066: undeciljon
- 1069: undeciljard
- 1072: duodeciljon
- 1075: duodeciljard
- 1078: tredeciljon
- 1081: tredeciljard
- 1084: quattuordeciljon
- 1087: quattuordeciljard
…
- 10100: googol
…
- 10120: vigintiljon
- 10123: vigintiljard
…
Related terms
- en-ord
- ena
- enahanda
- enaktare
- enande
- enare
- enarmad
- enarmslyft
- enarådande
- enas
- enastående
- enbarnsfamilj
- enbart
- enbo
- enbyggare
- enbäddsrum
- encellig
- endagskonferens
- endagsstrejk
- endera
- endimensionell
- endräkt
- endräktig
- eneggad
- enfald
- enfaldig
- enfaldighet
- enfamiljshus
- enfamiljsvilla
- enfas
- enfasig
- enfilig
- enformig
- enformighet
- enfrågeparti
- enfröig
- enfärgad
- enfödd
- enföräldersfamilj
- engifte
- engradig
- engångs-
- enhandsräddning
- enhet
- enhetlig
- enhetlighet
- enhjuling
- enhjärtbladig
- enhällig
- enhänt
- enhörning
- enig
- enighet
- ening
- enkammarriksdag
- enkammarsystem
- enkilosburk
- enklang
- enkornsfrö
- enkrona
- enkönad
- enlighet
- enligt
- enlitersflaska
- enlitersförpackning
- enläkarstation
- enmans
- enmastad
- enmastare
- enmotorig
- enpartiregering
- enpartistat
- enpartisystem
- enpartivälde
- enpersonshushåll
- enplans
- enplanshus
- enplansvilla
- enprocentig
- enpucklig
- enradig
- enrum
- enrummare
- enrummig
- enrums
- enrumslägenhet
- enrådig
- enrådighet
- ens
- ensa
- ensak
- ensam
- ensamhet
- ensamt
- ensartad
- ense
- ensidig
- ensidighet
- ensiffrig
- enskifte
- enskild
- enskildhet
- enslig
- enslighet
- ensling
- enspaltig
- enspråkig
- enspråkighet
- enspårig
- enstaka
- enstavig
- enstavighet
- enstensmur
- enstjärnig
- enstrofig
- ensträngad
- enstämmig
- enstämmighet
- enständig
- enstörig
- enstörighet
- enstöring
- ental
- entimmesparkering
- entonig
- entonighet
- entonnare
- enträgen
- entums
- entumsbräda
- entydig
- entydighet
- entypsbåt
- envar
- enveten
- envetenhet
- envetnas
- envig
- envis
- envisas
- envishet
- envåldshärskare
- envånings
- envåningshus
- envägs
- envälde
- enväldig
- envärd
- enäggig
- enäggstvilling
- enögd
- enögdhet
Article
en c (neuter ett)
Declension
Etymology 2
From earlier ene (sometimes also ener), from Old Norse einir.
Pronunciation
Noun
en c
Declension
More information nominative, genitive ...
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | en | ens |
| definite | enen | enens | |
| plural | indefinite | enar | enars |
| definite | enarna | enarnas |
Close
Related terms
Descendants
- ⇒ Middle Low German: eynholz, eynholcz, eynberen holt, eynberenboem, einbeeren struke, enekenbehren, eynikenstrucke
- German Low German: Ênbêrnstrûk, Eenberen, Ehmkenstruk, Eenkenstruk, Euwerbush (Mecklenburg, Pommern, Rügen as of late 19th c.)
References
- en in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- en in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- en in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- han in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- Brüch, Josef (1922) “Lateinische Etymologien”, in Indogermanische Forschungen. Zeitschrift für Indogermanistik und allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (in German), volume 40, Berlin und Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter & Co., pages 225–226
Anagrams
Etymology
Borrowed from English en, the English name of the letter N/n.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔen/ [ʔɛn̪]
- Rhymes: -en
- Syllabification: en
Noun
en (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔)
- the name of the Latin-script letter N/n, in the Filipino alphabet
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- “en”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Anagrams
Etymology
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔen, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ken (“to see, to know”).
Verb
en
- to look
References
- Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkish ان (en), from Proto-Turkic *ēn (“breadth, width”).
Noun
en (definite accusative eni, plural enler)
Declension
More information Inflection, Nominative ...
| Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | en | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | eni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | en | enler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | eni | enleri | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dative | ene | enlere | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | ende | enlerde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ablative | enden | enlerden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | enin | enlerin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Close
References
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “en2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Etymology 2
From Ottoman Turkish اڭ (eŋ), from Common Turkic *eŋ. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰭 (ŋ /eŋ/), Azerbaijani ən, Kyrgyz эң (eŋ), Tuvan эң (eñ), Uzbek eng.
Adverb
en
Verb
en
Pronunciation
Noun
en f (plural eniau)
- The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.
Mutation
More information radical, soft ...
| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
|---|---|---|---|
| en | unchanged | unchanged | hen |
Close
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
See also
Etymology
From Old Frisian and, ende, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
en
Further reading
- “en”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Etymology 1
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔen, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ken. Cognates include Chinese [Term?] 見／见 (jiàn) and Tibetan མཁྱེན་པ (mkhyen pa).
Pronunciation
Verb
én
- (intransitive) to look
Etymology 2
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔan (“vegetables”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *h(y)an.
Pronunciation
Noun
én
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41
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