-ich
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Alternative forms
Etymology
Principally from Latin -iacum, itself from Celtic (compare *-ākos). However, other names were sometimes adapted to the suffix, as in Limperich (now a district of Bonn), which goes back to Middle High German Lintberg.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ich
- Placename suffix found in the Rhineland.
Related terms
- Altrich
- Bertrich
- Bessenich
- Dieblich
- Disternich
- Elvenich
- Emmerich
- Endenich
- Firmenich
- Fischenich
- Füssenich
- Gevenich
- Gürzenich
- Gymnich
- Jülich
- Kärlich
- Keldenich
- Kendenich
- Kessenich
- Kesternich
- Kirspenich
- Lechenich
- Lessenich
- Limperich
- Linnich
- Linzenich
- Lobberich
- Lövenich
- Mechernich
- Mengenich
- Merzenich
- Mesenich
- Metternich
- Morschenich
- Mützenich
- Nemmenich
- Nickenich
- Nörvenich
- Setterich
- Sevenich
- Sinzenich
- Stetternich
- Türnich
- Ülpenich
- Vernich
- Zieverich
- Zülpich
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Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Dutch -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, *-agaz, *-ugaz.
Suffix
-ich
- -y; forms adjectives from nouns.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Dutch: -ig
Etymology 1
Suffix
-ich
- Alternative form of -yssh
Etymology 2
Suffix
-ich
- Alternative form of -y (“-y”)
Etymology
From Middle High German -ec, -ic, from Old High German -ig, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare German -ig, Dutch -ig, English -y, Swedish -ig.
Suffix
-ich
- (adjectival) -y
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ich m pers
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ich | -ichowie/-ichy (deprecative) |
| genitive | -icha | -ichów |
| dative | -ichowi | -ichom |
| accusative | -icha | -ichów |
| instrumental | -ichem | -ichami |
| locative | -ichu | -ichach |
| vocative | -ichu | -ichowie |
Declension of -ich
Derived terms
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Etymology
From Old Frisian -ich, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, variant of *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Compare German and Dutch -ig, English -y.
Suffix
-ich
Alternative forms
- -aich (broad version)
Etymology
From Old Irish -igidir (whence also Irish -igh), originally a denominative verb formative, from Proto-Celtic *-sagyetor; compare Welsh -hau.
Suffix
-ich
- Suffix used to form verbs; semi-productive in Scottish Gaelic.
Conjugation
- Participles
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | |||
| independent | past | -ich mi | -ich thu | -ich e/i | -ich sinn | -ich sibh | -ich iad | -icheadh |
| future | -ichidh mi | -ichidh tu | -ichidh e/i | -ichidh sinn | -ichidh sibh | -ichidh iad | -ichear -ichtear | |
| conditional | -ichinn | -icheadh tu | -icheadh e/i | -icheamaid -icheadh sinn |
-icheadh sibh | -icheadh iad | -ichteadh -ichist1 -ichiste1 | |
| negative | past | cha do -ich mi | cha do -ich thu | cha do -ich e/i | cha do -ich sinn | cha do -ich sibh | cha do -ich iad | cha do -icheadh |
| future | cha -ich mi | cha -ich thu | cha -ich e/i | cha -ich sinn | cha -ich sibh | cha -ich iad | cha -ichear cha -ichtear | |
| conditional | cha -ichinn | cha -icheadh tu | cha -icheadh e/i | cha -icheamaid cha -icheadh sinn |
cha -icheadh sibh | cha -icheadh iad | cha -ichteadh cha -ichist1 cha -ichiste1 | |
| affirmative interrogative |
past | an do -ich mi? | an do -ich thu? | an do -ich e/i? | an do -ich sinn? | an do -ich sibh? | an do -ich iad? | an do -icheadh? |
| future | an -ich mi? | an -ich thu? | an -ich e/i? | an -ich sinn? | an -ich sibh? | an -ich iad? | an -ichear? an -ichtear? | |
| conditional | an -ichinn? | an -icheadh tu? | an -icheadh e/i? | an -icheamaid? an -icheadh sinn? |
an -icheadh sibh? | an -icheadh iad? | an -ichteadh? an -ichist?1 an -ichiste?1 | |
| negative interrogative |
past | nach do -ich mi? | nach do -ich thu? | nach do -ich e/i? | nach do -ich sinn? | nach do -ich sibh? | nach do -ich iad? | nach do -icheadh? |
| future | nach -ich mi? | nach -ich thu? | nach -ich e/i? | nach -ich sinn? | nach -ich sibh? | nach -ich iad? | nach -ichear? nach -ichtear? | |
| conditional | nach -ichinn? | nach -icheadh tu? | nach -icheadh e/i? | nach -icheamaid? nach -icheadh sinn? |
nach -icheadh sibh? | nach -icheadh iad? | nach -ichteadh? nach -ichist?1 nach -ichiste?1 | |
| relative future |
affirmative | (ma) -icheas mi | (ma) -icheas thu | (ma) -icheas e/i | (ma) -icheas sinn | (ma) -icheas sibh | (ma) -icheas iad | (ma) -ichear |
| negative | (mur) -ich mi | (mur) -ich thu | (mur) -ich e/i | (mur) -ich sinn | (mur) -ich sibh | (mur) -ich iad | (mur) -ichear (mur) -ichtear | |
| imperative | -icheam | -ich | -icheadh e/i | -icheamaid | -ichibh | -icheadh iad | -ichear -ichtear | |
| stem | -ich | |||||||
| verbal noun | -igh | |||||||
| past participle | -ichte | |||||||
Conjugation of -ich (regular)
1 Lewis dialect form
Derived terms
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Etymology
From Old Frisian -ich, from Proto-Germanic *-īgaz, variant of *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.
Suffix
-ich
Further reading
- “-ich”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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