JP4417625B2 - トリシランを用いる混合基板への成膜方法、および、ベース構造の製造方法 - Google Patents
トリシランを用いる混合基板への成膜方法、および、ベース構造の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4417625B2 JP4417625B2 JP2002565349A JP2002565349A JP4417625B2 JP 4417625 B2 JP4417625 B2 JP 4417625B2 JP 2002565349 A JP2002565349 A JP 2002565349A JP 2002565349 A JP2002565349 A JP 2002565349A JP 4417625 B2 JP4417625 B2 JP 4417625B2
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- trisilane
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
- VEDJZFSRVVQBIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH2][SiH3] VEDJZFSRVVQBIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 240
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012707 chemical precursor Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910000078 germane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910003811 SiGeC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- ISYBXVAUXYUVPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisilylarsane Chemical compound [SiH3][As]([SiH3])[SiH3] ISYBXVAUXYUVPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VXGHASBVNMHGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digermane Chemical compound [Ge][Ge] VXGHASBVNMHGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012686 silicon precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032368 Device malfunction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper and aluminum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNXQPPKJWUDNQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylarsane Chemical compound [AsH2][SiH3] QNXQPPKJWUDNQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMOJNZMNQIIIPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylphosphane Chemical compound P[SiH3] SMOJNZMNQIIIPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/24—Deposition of silicon only
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/308—Oxynitrides
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/32—Carbides
- C23C16/325—Silicon carbide
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/34—Nitrides
- C23C16/345—Silicon nitride
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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Description
ここに開示されている方法は、シャワーヘッド配置のようなオルタネイティブリアクタ(Alternative Reactor)を採用して実施することができるが、均一性の向上や成膜速度の増加という優位点は、特にプロセスガスの滞留時間が短く、回転する基板を用いる、水平型で、シングルパスの厚さが薄いガスフロー配置の"EpsilonTM反応器"により、特に効果的であることが認められてきている。CVDは、反応室にプラズマ生成物を導入(in situ又はリモートタイプのプラズマ生成器の下流)することによって実施することができる。
Si(100)ウェーハの表面に、厚さ1,500ÅのSiO2(「酸化物」)コーティングを備えた基板を準備した。この基板にパターニングを施し、酸化物コーティングの約20%を除去して、下層のSi(100)ウェーハを露出させた。この処理により、単結晶面と非晶質の酸化物面を有する混合基板を作製した。次に、この混合基板を希薄なフッ化水素酸溶液の中でエッチングし、洗浄し、乾燥させた。次に、混合基板をEpsilon E2500TM反応システムの中に配置し、この基板に、大気圧下、80slmの流量の超高純度水素ガス中で、2分間、900℃に加熱する水素ベークを施した。次に、混合基板を、20slmの流量の超高純度水素ガス中、圧力40torr(5.3×103Pa)下で600℃に加熱し、熱平衡に到達させた。エッチング、乾燥、洗浄及びベーキングというステップにより、エピタキシャルフィルムを成長させるために、単結晶面を活性化させた。
前駆体としてシランとゲルマンを使用し、600℃で、SiO2基板(核生成層なし)上に、Si含有フィルムを成膜した。得られたSiGeフィルムの表面粗さ(原子間力顕微鏡による測定)は、スキャンエリア10μm×10μmに対して、226Åであった。SiGeフィルムを走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した結果、図6及び図7に示したSEM写真に表されているように、アイランドタイプの成長を示すピラミッド型のカットされた(faceted)粒となっていることが明らかとなった。このアイランドタイプの成長は、はじめに分離した核が表面に形成され、次にそれらが一緒に成長し、示されているアイランドを形成することによって成膜されることを示している。これは、シランが用いられる場合、成膜が表面形態に敏感であることを表している。すなわち、酸化物上では、シランにより成膜された層は核生成しにくく、表面粗さにも劣ることを示している。
実施例2と同様に、600℃でSi含有フィルムを成膜した。ただし、前駆体として、シランとゲルマンの代わりに、トリシランとゲルマンを使用した。得られたSiGeフィルムの表面粗さ(原子間力顕微鏡による測定)は、スキャンエリア10μm×10μmに対して、18.4Åであった。SiGeフィルムをSEMにより観察した結果、図8及び図9(図6、図7に示したものと、それぞれ同じ倍率と傾斜角)に示したSEM顕微鏡写真に表されているように、SiGeフィルムは極めて均一な面であることが分かった。シランを用いる場合に比べて、アイランドタイプの成長が比較的少ないことは、表面上に均一な成長が起こり、実施例2で説明した核生成や成長のメカニズムによって、成膜が進行しなかったことを示している。このことは、トリシランが用いられる場合には、成膜が表面形態に対して比較的鈍感であること、すなわち、トリシランで成膜された層は核生成しやすいこと、その面は滑らかであることを意味している。
トリシランとゲルマンを使用して、圧力40torr(5.3×103Pa)で、SiO2基板(核生成層なし)上に、一連のSi含有フィルムを形成した。表1に示した例(1−21)に対して、トリシランの流量は一定で、77sccm(キャリアガス:水素、バブラ使用)とした。ゲルマンの流量(ゲルマン:10%、H2:90%)と成膜温度は、表1に示したように変化させた。得られたSiGeフィルムのゲルマニウムの含有量(原子%)と厚さは、RBSによって測定し、表面粗さは、原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)によって測定した。結果を表1に示した。表1から、表1に示した温度条件及び流量条件の範囲、特に、ゲルマンの流量の範囲で、優れた均一性を有するフィルムが得られることが分かった。また、トリシランが用いられているので、成膜が、表面形態に比較的鈍感であることを示している。
Claims (29)
- 第1の表面形態を有する第1の面と、前記第1の表面形態とは異なる第2の表面形態を有する第2の面を備え、前記第1の表面形態が単結晶であり、前記第2の表面形態が非晶質、多結晶又は非晶質と結晶質とが混ざったものである基板を準備し、成膜される前記基板を反応容器内に配置するステップと、
化学気相成長条件下で、前記反応容器内にトリシランを導入するステップと、
前記基板における前記第1の面及び前記第2の面に、Si含有フィルムを形成するステップとを含み、
前記化学気相成長条件が、400℃〜750℃の基板温度、全圧1torr〜760torr(1.3×10 2 Pa〜1.0×10 5 Pa)の反応容器内の圧力であることを特徴とする成膜方法。 - さらに、前記トリシランの導入と同時に、前記反応容器内へゲルマニウム源を導入することを含み、Si含有フィルムとしてSiGeフィルムを形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記SiGeフィルムが、0.1〜80原子%のゲルマニウムを含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記第1の面が半導体材料を含み、前記第2の面が絶縁体材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記半導体材料が、シリコンと、ヒ素、ボロン、インジウム、燐及びアンチモンで構成されたグループから選ばれた1つのドーパントとを含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記絶縁体材料が、シリコン酸化物、シリコン窒化物、金属酸化物及び金属シリケートで構成されたグループから選ばれた1つの材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムが、厚さ500Å以下のシリコンバッファ層であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- さらに、前記バッファ層上にSiGeフィルムを形成するために、前記反応容器内に、ゲルマニウム源及びシリコン源を導入するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記シリコン源がトリシランであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記第1の面の少なくとも一部が、前記第2の面の少なくとも一部と同一平面にないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムのうち、前記第1の面上の第1の厚さT1と、前記第2の面上の第2の厚さT2との比T1:T2が、10:1〜1:10の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムのうち、前記第1の面上の第1の厚さT1と、前記第2の面上の第2の厚さT2との比T1:T2が、2:1〜1:2の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムのうち、前記第1の面上の第1の厚さT1と、前記第2の面上の第2の厚さT2との比T1:T2が、1.3:1〜1:1.3の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の成膜方法。
- さらに、前記反応容器にドーパントの前駆体を導入するステップを含み、Si含有フィルムとして、”in situ”でドープされるSi含有フィルムを成膜することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムが、前記第1の面上の単結晶形態と、前記第2の面上の非結晶形態とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 化学気相成長条件下で、第1の表面形態を有する第1の面及び前記第1の表面形態とは異なる第2の表面形態を有する第2の面で構成され、前記第1の表面形態が単結晶であり、前記第2の表面形態が非晶質、多結晶又は非晶質と結晶質とが混ざったものである混合基板の表面に、前記混合基板面1cm2当たりに、少なくとも0.001mg/分の供給速度で、トリシランを供給するステップと、
前記混合基板の表面に、10Å/分以上の速度で、Si含有材料を成膜するステップとを含み、
前記化学気相成長条件が、400℃〜750℃の基板温度、全圧1torr〜760torr(1.3×10 2 Pa〜1.0×10 5 Pa)の反応容器内の圧力であることを特徴とする高速成膜方法。 - 前記混合基板の表面が、露出した導体材料と露出した絶縁体材料とで構成されていることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の高速成膜方法。
- 前記導体材料が、結晶質の半導体であることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の高速成膜方法。
- 前記結晶質の半導体が、ボロン、ゲルマニウム、インジウム、燐、ヒ素及びアンチモンで構成されたグループから選ばれる1つのドーパントを含んで構成されていることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の高速成膜方法。
- さらに、前記混合基板面にゲルマニウム源を供給することを含み、前記Si含有材料として、SiGe材料を成膜することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の高速成膜方法。
- 前記混合基板の表面に、混合基板面1cm2当たりに、少なくとも0.001mg/分の供給速度で、ゲルマニウム源を供給することを特徴とする請求項20に記載の高速成膜方法。
- 活性領域と絶縁体を含む基板の表面を準備するステップと、
前記活性領域及び前記絶縁体のそれぞれに、前記基板に直接Si含有フィルムを形成するための化学気相成長条件下で、前記基板面に、トリシランを供給するステップを含み、 前記活性領域が第1の表面形態を有し、前記絶縁体が前記第1の表面形態とは異なる第2の表面形態を有し、前記第1の表面形態が単結晶であり、前記第2の表面形態が非晶質、多結晶又は非晶質と結晶質とが混ざったものであり、
前記化学気相成長条件が、400〜750℃の基板温度、全圧1torr〜760torr(1.3×10 2 Pa〜1.0×10 5 Pa)の反応容器内の圧力であることを特徴とするヘテロ接合バイポーラトランジスタ(HBT)用のベース構造の製造方法。 - 前記Si含有フィルムのうち、前記活性領域上の第1の厚さT1と、前記絶縁体上の第2の厚さT2との比T1:T2が、2:1〜1:2の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項22に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムのうち、前記活性領域上の第1の厚さT1と、前記絶縁体上の第2の厚さT2との比T1:T2が、1.3:1〜1:1.3の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項23に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- さらに、前記Si含有フィルム上に、キャップ層を成膜するための化学気相成長条件下で、シリコン源を供給するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項22に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- さらに、Si含有フィルムとしてSiGeフィルムを成膜するための化学気相成長条件下で、前記トリシランの供給と同時に、前記基板面にゲルマニウム源を供給することを特徴とする請求項22に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムが、10Å〜500Åの範囲の厚さを有する核生成層であることを特徴とする請求項22に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- 前記Si含有フィルムが、50Å〜300Åの範囲の厚さを有する核生成層であることを特徴とする請求項22に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
- さらに、前記核生成層上に、前記SiGeフィルムを成膜するための化学気相成長条件下で、前記核生成層に、トリシラン及びゲルマニウム源を含む混合物を供給するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項27に記載のベース構造の製造方法。
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