CN113571746B - Fuel cell system and method for preventing anode of electric pile from flooding - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and method for preventing anode of electric pile from flooding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113571746B CN113571746B CN202110625234.5A CN202110625234A CN113571746B CN 113571746 B CN113571746 B CN 113571746B CN 202110625234 A CN202110625234 A CN 202110625234A CN 113571746 B CN113571746 B CN 113571746B
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- fuel cell
- bypass valve
- electric pile
- voltage difference
- voltage
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell system, which relates to the technical field of fuel cells; the fuel cell system includes: humidifier, galvanic pile, bypass valve, single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument and fuel cell controller; a dry air outlet of the humidifier is communicated with an air inlet of the electric pile; the air outlet of the electric pile is communicated with the moisture inlet of the humidifier; the bypass valve is connected with a wet gas loop of the humidifier in parallel; the fuel cell controller is respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip cell voltage inspection instrument and the bypass valve; the invention also provides a method for preventing the anode of the galvanic pile from flooding; the invention can effectively avoid accumulating more water on the cathode side of the electric pile, reduce the accumulated water on the anode side of the electric pile to a certain extent and prevent the anode of the electric pile from flooding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell system and a method for preventing anode flooding of a galvanic pile.
Background
With the increasing concern of society on ecological environment, how to control the emission of automobile pollutants has become a hot spot of current social research, and hydrogen fuel cells are one of the hot spot directions of current research as a technology of truly zero pollution emission.
There are a number of fuel cell vehicles currently operating on the market, wherein anode flooding is one of many failure modes of a fuel cell system, and how to prevent anode flooding of a fuel cell stack is one of the focuses of concern for the fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the anode of a galvanic pile in the existing fuel cell system is easy to be flooded.
The present invention provides a fuel cell system including: humidifier, galvanic pile, bypass valve, single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument and fuel cell controller;
a dry air outlet of the humidifier is communicated with an air inlet of the electric pile; the air outlet of the galvanic pile is communicated with the moisture inlet of the humidifier;
the bypass valve is connected with the wet air inlet and the wet air outlet of the humidifier in parallel;
the fuel cell controller is respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip cell voltage inspection instrument and the bypass valve; the single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument is used for collecting the voltage of each single-chip battery in the electric pile; the fuel cell controller is used for comparing the pulling load power of the fuel cell with the pulling load power threshold value; when the load power of the fuel cell is larger than the load power threshold, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; the fuel cell controller is further configured to receive and calculate a voltage difference between the individual cells from a voltage of the individual cells when a pull-up power of the fuel cell is less than or equal to the pull-up power threshold; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; and when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be closed.
The fuel cell system is operated such that hydrogen ions and oxygen ions react on the cathode side to produce water, while the anode side itself does not produce water; at this time, a water pressure difference is generated between the anode and the cathode of the membrane, so that water at the cathode side can diffuse to the anode side through the membrane, part of water generated at the cathode side can be carried out of the fuel cell system along with the air discharged from the stack, and water at the anode side can only be carried out of the anode side through the opening of a drain valve of the hydrogen loop; in order to avoid flooding of the anode of the electric pile, a drain valve on a hydrogen loop is required to be frequently opened to drain water at the anode side of the electric pile, so that partial hydrogen which is not completely reacted in the electric pile is discharged along with the drain valve, and the problems of low hydrogen utilization rate and overhigh tail hydrogen concentration are caused. On the other hand, in the conventional humidifier in the fuel cell system, the wet air discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile is generally used as a humidifying medium, and all the wet air discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile is led into the humidifier to humidify the dry air entering the electric pile, so that the humidity of the air entering the electric pile cannot be regulated; the inventor of the application finds out in experiments that by selectively controlling the humidity of air entering a galvanic pile, more water accumulated on the cathode side of the galvanic pile can be effectively avoided, so that the accumulated water on the anode side of the galvanic pile is reduced to a certain extent (even a small amount of accumulated water is generated and can be discharged due to the normal opening of a drain valve on a hydrogen loop), and the flooding of the anode of the galvanic pile is prevented; in order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present application electrically connected the fuel cell controller to the single-cell voltage inspection instrument and the bypass valve, respectively, by connecting the bypass valve in parallel to the moisture inlet and the moisture outlet of the humidifier, so that the bypass valve is connected in parallel to the moisture circuit of the humidifier; when the load pulling power of the fuel cell is larger than the load pulling power threshold, the bypass valve is controlled to be opened, and the air part discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile is directly discharged to the outside through the bypass valve, so that the humidifying capacity of the humidifier is reduced, the humidity of air entering the electric pile is reduced, and excessive accumulated water on the anode side of the electric pile is prevented; when the pulling load power of the fuel cell is smaller than or equal to the pulling load power threshold value, receiving and calculating the voltage difference between the single batteries according to the voltage of the single batteries; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and the other single batteries is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be opened, reducing the humidity of air entering the electric pile, and preventing excessive water accumulation on the anode side of the electric pile; and when the voltage difference between the first single cell and each other single cell is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, the bypass valve is controlled to be closed, and all wet air discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile enters the humidifier to increase the humidity of the air entering the electric pile.
In some preferred embodiments, the bypass valve is an electronic throttle.
The invention also provides a method for preventing the anode of the galvanic pile from flooding, which comprises the following steps:
collecting the voltage of each single battery in the electric pile;
comparing the pulling load power of the fuel cell with the pulling load power threshold value;
when the load power of the fuel cell is larger than the load power threshold, controlling the bypass valve to be opened;
when the pulling load power of the fuel cell is smaller than or equal to the pulling load power threshold value, receiving and calculating the voltage difference between the single batteries according to the voltage of the single batteries; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; and when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be closed.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can effectively avoid accumulating more water on the cathode side of the electric pile by selectively controlling the humidity of the air entering the electric pile, thereby reducing the accumulated water on the anode side of the electric pile to a certain extent and preventing the anode of the electric pile from flooding.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connections of the fuel cell system of FIG. 1;
wherein, 1, pile; 2. a humidifier; 3. a bypass valve; 4. a single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument; 5. a fuel cell controller.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell system including: a humidifier 2, a galvanic pile 1, a bypass valve 3, a single-chip battery voltage patrol instrument 4 and a fuel cell controller 5;
the dry air outlet of the humidifier 2 is communicated with the air inlet of the electric pile 1; the air outlet of the electric pile 1 is communicated with the moisture inlet of the humidifier 2;
the bypass valve 3 is connected in parallel with the wet gas inlet and the wet gas outlet of the humidifier 2, so that the bypass valve 3 is connected in parallel with the wet gas circuit of the humidifier 2;
the fuel cell controller 5 is respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip cell voltage inspection instrument 4 and the bypass valve 3; the single-cell voltage inspection instrument 4 is used for collecting the voltage of each single cell in the electric pile 1; the fuel cell controller 5 is used for comparing the pulling load power of the fuel cell with the pulling load power threshold value; when the load power of the fuel cell is larger than the load power threshold, the bypass valve 3 is controlled to be opened; the fuel cell controller 5 is further configured to receive and calculate a voltage difference between the individual cells from the voltage of the individual cells when the pull-up power of the fuel cell is less than or equal to the pull-up power threshold; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, the bypass valve 3 is controlled to be opened; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, the bypass valve 3 is controlled to be closed.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the bypass valve 3 is an electronic throttle valve; the model of the electronic throttle valve is TT510YT; model JWR-DM-144 of the single-chip battery voltage meter 4.
The first single cell is the single cell nearest to the drain port on the anode side of the stack 1; the inventors of the present application found in experiments that the voltage difference between the closest single cell, i.e., the first single cell, from the drain port on the anode side of the stack 1 and the other single cells in the stack 1 is most affected by the water accumulation on the anode side of the stack 1, and therefore selected the voltage difference between the first single cell and the other single cells as a judgment condition.
The fuel cell pull-load power is the actual power of the electric pile 1 at a certain moment, and the actual power is in the upward pull-load trend.
Illustratively, in this embodiment, the fuel cell pull load power is 90kW; the first voltage difference threshold is 50mV and the second voltage difference threshold is 25mV.
The method for preventing anode flooding of the electric pile 1 based on the fuel cell system in the present embodiment includes the steps of:
collecting the voltage of each single cell in the electric pile 1 through a single cell voltage patrol instrument 4, and sending the voltage of each single cell to a fuel cell controller 5;
the fuel cell controller 5 first compares the pull-up power of the fuel cell with the pull-up power threshold;
when the load pulling power of the fuel cell is larger than the load pulling power threshold, the fuel cell controller 5 controls the bypass valve 3 to open the air part discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile 1 to be directly discharged to the outside through the bypass valve 3, so that the humidification capacity of the humidifier 2 is reduced, the humidity of air entering the electric pile 1 is reduced, and excessive water accumulation on the anode side of the electric pile 1 is prevented;
when the pull-up power of the fuel cell is less than or equal to the pull-up power threshold, the fuel cell controller 5 receives and calculates a voltage difference between the individual cells from the voltage of the individual cells; when the voltage difference between the first single cell and each other single cells is greater than a first voltage difference threshold, the fuel cell controller 5 controls the bypass valve 3 to open, so as to reduce the humidity of air entering the electric pile 1 and prevent excessive accumulation on the anode side of the electric pile 1; when the voltage difference between the first single cell and each of the other single cells is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold, the bypass valve 3 is controlled to be closed, and all the wet air discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile 1 enters the humidifier 2 to increase the humidity of the air entering the electric pile 1.
In this document, terms such as front, rear, upper, lower, etc. are defined with respect to the positions of the components in the drawings and with respect to each other, for clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein.
The embodiments described above and features of the embodiments herein may be combined with each other without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: humidifier, galvanic pile, bypass valve, single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument and fuel cell controller;
a dry air outlet of the humidifier is communicated with an air inlet of the electric pile; the air outlet of the galvanic pile is communicated with the moisture inlet of the humidifier;
the bypass valve is connected with the wet air inlet and the wet air outlet of the humidifier in parallel;
the fuel cell controller is respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip cell voltage inspection instrument and the bypass valve; the single-chip battery voltage inspection instrument is used for collecting the voltage of each single-chip battery in the electric pile; the fuel cell controller is used for comparing the pulling load power of the fuel cell with the pulling load power threshold value; when the load power of the fuel cell is larger than the load power threshold, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; the fuel cell controller is further configured to receive and calculate a voltage difference between the individual cells from a voltage of the individual cells when a pull-up power of the fuel cell is less than or equal to the pull-up power threshold; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, the bypass valve is controlled to be closed;
the pull load power of the fuel cell is the actual power of the electric pile at a certain moment, and the actual power is in the upward pull load trend.
2. The fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the bypass valve is an electronic throttle valve.
3. A method of preventing flooding of a stack anode, adapted for use in a fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
collecting the voltage of each single battery in the electric pile;
comparing the pulling load power of the fuel cell with a pulling load power threshold value, wherein the pulling load power of the fuel cell is the actual power of the electric pile at a certain moment, and the actual power is in the upward pulling load trend;
when the load power of the fuel cell is larger than the load power threshold, controlling the bypass valve to be opened;
when the pulling load power of the fuel cell is smaller than or equal to the pulling load power threshold value, receiving and calculating the voltage difference between the single batteries according to the voltage of the single batteries; when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is larger than a first voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be opened; and when the voltage difference between the first single battery and each other single battery is smaller than a second voltage difference threshold value, controlling the bypass valve to be closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110625234.5A CN113571746B (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Fuel cell system and method for preventing anode of electric pile from flooding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110625234.5A CN113571746B (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Fuel cell system and method for preventing anode of electric pile from flooding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113571746A CN113571746A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
| CN113571746B true CN113571746B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115360387B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-03-24 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Anode water quantity control method of fuel cell system |
| CN117954656A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-04-30 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Tail hydrogen discharge concentration control method and system for fuel cell system |
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| CN113571746A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
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