Religiousness

El artículo analiza las vías de castigo del pecado durante la Edad Media: la excomunión, el purgatorio y el infierno. Se contemplan como caminos de la exclusión, en la tierra y en el más allá. Se utilizan fuentes legales, literarias, iconográficas. Acerca de la excomunión, conjuga el estudio normativo con las preguntas acerca del grado de aceptación y temor a la sanción por parte de las gentes. Respecto al purgatorio, rastrea los testimonios sobre la formación del concepto, sobre la creencia y sobre la articulación de vías para contrarrestar la caída en aquel lugar ultraterreno. Respecto al infierno, estudia sus representaciones y también trata de penetrar en el grado de temor de que era objeto, para terminar preguntándose si no era un factor más inclusivo que excluyente en la "societas christiana".

Christian Speer beschäftigt sich in seinem Buch mit der Frage nach den lebenspraktischen Funktionen von religiösem Handeln am Beispiel spätmittelalterlicher und frühneuzeitlicher Frömmigkeitspraxis. Dabei legt er den Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung auf die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen den Ausdrucks- und Erscheinungsformen laikaler Frömmigkeit und den politischen sowie sozialen Interessen, Erwartungen und Bedürfnissen innerhalb einer vormodernen Stadtgesellschaft. Er untersucht Frömmigkeitspraktiken wie Stiften und Schenken, Memoria und Gebet, Wallfahrten und Eintritt in ein Kloster. Die „Bühne“, auf der sich diese Praktiken abspielten, ist die Görlitzer Sakraltopographie mit ihren Kirchen, Klöstern, Kapellen und Hospitälern. Das Thema sozialer und politischer Aufstieg sowie die Möglichkeiten der Durchsetzung von Deutungshoheiten und Geltungsansprüchen im Bereich der Frömmigkeitspraxis werden genauso angesprochen wie die Frage nach den Besonderheiten von Frömmigkeitspraxis, Politik und gesellschaftlichem Wandel im frühen 16. Jahrhundert in der Oberlausitz.

We examined relationships between seven dimensions of religion/spirituality (RS) (forgiveness, daily spiritual experiences, belief in afterlife, religious identity, religious support, public practices, and positive RS coping) and three dimensions of well-being (physical, mental, and existential) in a sample of 111 patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and 3 months later. Results showed that fairly high levels of RS were reported on all seven dimensions. Furthermore, RS dimensions were differentially related to well-being. No aspect of RS was related to physical well-being, and only a few aspects were related to mental well-being. Forgiveness was related to less subsequent depression, while belief in afterlife was related to poorer mental health. All aspects of RS were related to at least one aspect of existential well-being. In particularly, daily spiritual experiences were linked with higher existential well-being and predicted less subsequent spiritual strain. These results are consistent with the view that in advanced disease, RS may not affect physical well-being but may have potent influences on other aspects of well-being, particularly existential aspects.

Perhaps one of most the common topics brought up in the academic context is cheating and while it is understood that there are rules for everyone's enhancement, cheating, especially in school, is still a common practice. The study aims to assess test anxiety, peer pressure and religiousness as factors affecting Senior High students’ cheating behaviors. The researchers will use the descriptive-correlational research design with a target population of 274 SHS students using questionnaires as the survey instrument and the statistical tool used was pearson-moment correlation. Results indicated that the (a) students have moderate test anxiety which has a strong correlation on cheating behavior, (b) Religiousness also has a strong correlation with cheating behavior and (c) Peer pressure has a very strong correlation on cheating behavior. The researchers concluded that despite the students having moderate anxiety they seldom resort to cheating behaviors. Regardless of their religiousness, they still commit cheating behaviors. Also, students are seldom affected by peers, so they are seldom influenced to execute cheating behavior. The researchers recommend that moral development must be promoted among the students to become an eye-opener to lessen cheating. Also, the teachers must encourage students to focus on the level of learning. Future researchers are suggested to explore other parameters to know the level of cheating behaviors in school.

Systematische Angriffe auf die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit verschärfen sich weltweit und sind in einigen EU-Staaten bereits Teil des Regierungshandelns. Als Infragestellung basaler Menschenrechte und zumeist rechtspopulistisch bzw. fundamentalistisch motiviert gefährden sie die Demokratie. Aus internationaler und interdisziplinärer Perspektive analysieren die Beiträger*innen des Bandes Anti-Genderismus als strategisches Mittel der Emotionalisierung, Mobilisierung und Vernetzung innerhalb des rechten Spektrums und einer im Entstehen begriffenen religiösen Rechten. Mit besonderem Fokus auf die Situation einiger ostmitteleuropäischer Staaten und unter Einbezug von Erfahrungen aus dem LGBTIQ*-Aktivismus erörtern sie, wie dieser Entwicklung konstruktiv-widerständig zu begegnen ist.

The problem of faith as a phenomenon of consciousness is stated in the article. Noting the similarity of phenomenology of faith and consciousness, the author asserts that there are two types of phenomena both identified by a term “faith” but different by their psychological nature: one type of phenomena is connected with cognitive operations of establishing the truth of some information; another type of phenomena are phenomena of deep personal conviction in something. Application of A.F. Lazursky and V.N. Myasischev’s conception for analysis of psychological nature of faith phenomenon is grounded in the article.

Hem yalnızlık hem de dindarlık temel insanî olgu ve deneyimlerdendir. Ancak söz konusu her iki deneyim de tek boyutlu değildir. Bunlar çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle çok değişik biçimlerde tezahür edebilmektedirler. Dolayısıyla farklı bakış açılarından hareketle farklı şekillerde tanımlanmakta ve sınıflandırılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada dindarlıkla yalnızlık arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir. “Allah’ı iç dünyada hissetme”, “namaz kılma”, “oruç tutma”, “dua etme”, “tövbe etme”, “dine önem verme” ve “öznel dindarlık algısı” dindarlığın farklı görüntüleri olarak kavramlaştırılmıştır. Yalnızlık ise UCLA Yalnızlık ölçeği ile tespite çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni Çukurova Üniversitesi öğrencileridir. Örneklem basit rastlantısal yöntemle seçilmiştir. Çalışmaya 312’si (% 50.8) kadın, 302’si (% 49.2) erkek olmak üzere toplam 614 kişi katılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre gençlerin yalnızlık düzeyi dindarlığın çeşitli görüntülerine göre farklılaşmaktadır. Dindarlıkla yalnızlıkla arasındaki...

RESUMO A pluralidade religiosa brasileira vem crescendo significativamente nas últimas décadas. A busca por identificação com uma corrente religiosa promove um processo de migração religiosa e de consolidação de novas organizações de fé. Este estudo analisa uma comunidade religiosa, fundada na cidade de Caxias do Sul, na Serra Gaúcha, que manifesta a fé no judaísmo. Por meio de uma trajetória de conversões marcada por especificidades, este grupo passou a se considerar judeu em uma cidade marcada pelas manifestações católicas. O anseio por uma identidade judaica caracteriza a experiência histórica desta comunidade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Religiosidades. Judaísmo. Identidade. História.

ABSTRACT Brazilian religious plurality has been growing significantly in recent decades. The search for identification with a current religious promotes a process of religious migration and consolidation of
new faith organizations. This study analyzes a religious community founded in the city of Caxias do Sul, in the Serra Gaúcha, which manifests its faith in Judaism. By means of a trajectory of conversions marked by specificities, this group happened to consider itself Jewish in a city marked by the catholic manifestations. The longing for a Jewish identity characterizes the historical experience of this community.
KEYWORDS: Religiousness. Judaism. Identity. History

Středoevropské zbožné ženy ovlivňovalo jak jejich původní, tak nové prostředí, role, v níž se nacházely (svobodná, vdaná, vdova), i období, ve kterém působily. Nepřekvapuje, že byly vzájemně příbuzensky propojeny. Zajímavou se ukázala role, kterou ve fenoménu středoevropských „zbožných žen“ 13. století hrály Uhry. Zůstává otázkou, proč právě Uhry, ležící mezi Západem a Východem, s relativně častými styky s Byzancí i jinými východními zeměmi, nevyhýbající se ale ani vztahům se západoevropskými státy, stojí v centru této problematiky. Snad právě kvůli své geografické poloze mezi Východem a Západem.

Current evidence supports how deviant behavior can be predicted by sociodemographic factors, subjective well-being, and perceived religiousness. However, there is limited research when it concerns specificity such as Muslims justifying deviant behavior, and their subjective well-being and perceived religiousness within a single study. Most studies used Christian population or using a non-denominational approach. Therefore, in this study, data from World Value Survey Wave 6 was used to examine the Muslim population (N = 20,559) and deviant behavior justification. Sociodemographic factors, subjective well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, and state of health), and perceived religiousness (prayer frequency and importance of God in life) were hypothesized as predictors. Results revealed that these hypotheses are supported. However, many of these predictors are weak, having minimal effect. This is with the exception of having the worldview of God being important in one's life, being both a strong and statistically significant predictor of deviant behavior justification. The more a person views God being important in life, the more it predicts a decrease in deviant behavior justification. This research provides a novel finding on the belief-behavior nexus, specifically concerning Muslims justifying deviant behavior when two forms of perceived religiousness-ritualistic and worldview-are being compared.

This article discusses The Initiative of Muslims Against Violence to Women who interpret Islam with a
women's perspective, or in their own words who are trying to disproove the anti-women arguments
attributed to Islam within Islam. The article focuses on the activities and the experience of the members
of the Initiative, by interviews with the Initiative members on a series of issues. The activities of the
Initiative against violence towards women, how these activities are considered and evaluated by Islamic
circles, and by secular feminist circles are asserted. With these interviews, an understanding towards a
new Muslim activist generation is developed.

The purpose of this study is to examine that whether religiousness (Islam in this study) has a significant effect on organizational silence or not. With this purpose a survey study was conducted with total 130 teachers working in Erzurum and convenience sampling method. Multiple Regression Analysis was benefited about hypothesis developed within research. The analysis was performed on the dimensions of belief, emotion, behavior and knowledge that represent religiousness, and the dimensions of acquiescent silence, defensive silence and prosocial silence that represent organizational silence. According to the research results dimensions of emotion had a significant and negative effect on the dimensions of acquiescent silence and prosocial silence, and also the dimension of belief had a significant and negative effect on the dimension of defensive silence. 
Key Words: Religion, Religiousness, Silence, Organizational Silence.

Özet
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, dindarlığın (bu çalışmada İslam Dini), örgütsel sessizlik üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olup olmadığını incelemektir. Bu amaçla Erzurum ilinde çalışan ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilen toplam 130 öğretmen üzerinde bir anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen hipotezi test etmek üzere Çoklu Regresyon Analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada dindarlığı temsilen inanç, duygu, davranış ve bilgi boyutları ile örgütsel sessizliği temsilen razı olma, savunma ve prososyal (örgüt yararına) sessizlik boyutları üzerinde analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre duygu boyutunun, razı olma sessizliği ve prososyal (örgüt yararına) sessizlik boyutları üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif yönlü bir etkisi olduğu ve inanç boyutunun da savunma sessizliği üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif yönlü bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Din, Dindarlık, Sessizlik, Örgütsel Sessizlik.

The objective of this research was to investigate
the effect of logotherapy training on the mental
image of God, death anxiety, and religiousness,
among secondary school students in Ahvaz city
during the 2015-16 academic year. The statistical
sample included 40 students whom were selected
via random sampling procedure from the
mentioned population. This research was
experiential with a pre-test, post-test, and a
control group. The tools used in this research
were: the Lawrence God Image Inventory (1991),
The Collett- Lester Death Anxiety Scale (1969),
And the Arian Religious Views Questionnaire
(1998). After random selection of the members of
theexperimental and the control groups, a pre-test
was performed on the experimental group (20
people), and the control group (20 people). Then
the experimental group was subjected to ten 75
minutes sessions of Logotherapy training.
Afterward both groups were tested again. Data
was analyzed using the Multivariate Analysis of
Variance (MANOVA). Results showed that
Logotherapy training had an effect on the mental
image of God, death anxiety, and religiousness,
among students. And, this effect was stable after
a month

Previous research has recognized shrines in homes as sites of shared cultural memory with the function of contextualising religious narratives and bringing the sacred into the home. For Buddhists, shrines occupy a grey area between the cultural and the religious and have not been widely considered as indicators of religiosity. A quantitative study of 417 British teenagers self-identifying as Buddhists found that the 70% who had a home shrine were less likely to visit a Buddhist temple, but more likely to exhibit daily personal religious practice and to bow to parents. The attitude profile of those with shrines showed that these teenagers were generally happier at school, more collectivist, polarised regarding their identities, and strict about intoxicants. Heightened affective religiosity was linked with having a home shrine, particularly for female, late-teen, and heritage Buddhists. The article argues that, for these groups of Buddhists, a shrine represents a locus for shared memory, especially accessible to those of Sensing Psychological Types, but, for males, early teens, and converts, there is more a sense of shrines giving context to their Buddhist narratives.

Obwohl das mittelalterliche Böhmen nicht im Zentrum des übernationalen Wallfahrtswesens stand, gibt es schon relativ frühe Zeugnisse, die auf die religiöse Anziehungskraft Prags bzw. der Prager Veitskirche mit den Reliquien der Landespatrone hinweisen. Wallfahrtswesen im Leben des mittelalterlichen Böhmens eine bedeutende Rolle spielte, auch wenn die böhmischen Länder nicht, wie beispielsweise die niederrheinischen Zentren, Ziel massenhafter Pilgerströme wurden.

This study intends to reveal the relationships among high school students’ problematic Internet use with their religious beliefs and moral maturity. Data has been collected using the Problematic Internet-Use Scale, Religious Belief Scale, Moral Maturity Scale, and personal information form; the participants consist of 389 high school students. The results of the analysis obtained by multiple linear regression analysis reveals that moral maturity is a significant predictor of problematic Internet use in high school students; no statistically significant relationship exists between students’ level of religious belief and problematic Internet use. Therefore, individuals’ moral maturity is considered as an important contribution for future studies and for guidance and counseling services in preventing problematic Internet use.

This study intends to reveal the relationships among high school students’ problematic Internet use with
their religious beliefs and moral maturity. Data has been collected using the Problematic Internet-Use Scale,
Religious Belief Scale, Moral Maturity Scale, and personal information form; the participants consist of 389
high school students. The results of the analysis obtained by multiple linear regression analysis reveals that
moral maturity is a significant predictor of problematic Internet use in high school students; no statistically
significant relationship exists between students’ level of religious belief and problematic Internet use.
Therefore, individuals’ moral maturity is considered as an important contribution for future studies and for
guidance and counseling services in preventing problematic Internet use.

Current evidence supports how deviant behavior can be predicted by sociodemographic factors, subjective well-being, and perceived religiousness. However, there is limited research when it concerns specificity such as Muslims justifying deviant behavior, and their subjective well-being and perceived religiousness within a single study. Most studies used Christian population or using a non-denominational approach. Therefore, in this study, data from World Value Survey Wave 6 was used to examine the Muslim population (N = 20,559) and deviant behavior justification. Sociodemographic factors, subjective well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, and state of health), and perceived religiousness (prayer frequency and importance of God in life) were hypothesized as predictors. Results revealed that these hypotheses are supported. However, many of these predictors are weak, having minimal effect. This is with the exception of having the worldview of God being important in one’s life, being b...

En este trabajo estudiamos la primera fase de existencia de la cofradía del Santo Sepulcro de Lebrija (Sevilla). En concreto, a partir del análisis de escuetas referencias documentales, se ha podido registrar el año de su fundación, la composición de su primitiva junta de gobierno, la concesión de bulas papales y ciertas particularidades, tales como su carácter de cofradía de sangre.

The empirical properties of a revised 24-item instrument called the Thanissaro Scale of Attitude towards Buddhism (TSAB-R) designed to measure Buddhist affective religiosity are described. The instrument was tested on adolescents and teenagers in the UK. Discriminant validity of the instrument was found satisfactory in relation to Buddhist affiliation and content validity in relation to religious involvement with temple attendance, scripture reading, meditation, having had a religious or spiritual experience and religious style. Unlike Christians, for Buddhists, affective religiosity was found to vary independently from age and sex. The differential between heritage and convert religious style of Buddhism was linked to the perceived affective religiosity of the Buddhist features of the home shrine and bowing to parents. Factor analysis revealed two subscales within the instrument for intellectual and affective components. With confirmation of the validity and reliability of the revised scale, the instrument is commended for measurement of Buddhist affective religiosity with adults and children down to the age of 13 years.

In this study, religiousness images of the citizens of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus are examined with respect to socio-demographic variables. The form used to collect survey data employed various socio-demographic variables such as sex, age, level of education, origin (native of Cyprus or immigrant from Turkey) and residence, and such religious variables aiming to determine “the belief in the existence of a Creator” and frequency of “feeling God’s existence”, “performing prayer (salah)”, “fasting”, “pray”. Executed in the form of a survey, the study consisted of 401 persons selected by simple random sampling method, which included 194 male and 207 female subjects. T-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation techniques are used to analyze the data. The findings obtained in the study showed that, regarding the origin (native or immigrant), there are significant differences in all of the religious variables in favor of immigrants from Turkey. It was also found that religiousness images of the study subjects were different significantly with respect to sex, place of residence and level of education while there were no significant differences by age.

Key Words: Religiousness, native of Cyprus, immigrant from Turkey, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus


Özet:
Bu çalışmada, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC) vatandaşlarının dindarlık görüntüleri, sosyo-demografik değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerini toplamak üzere hazırlanan anket formunda cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, köken, ikamet gibi sosyo-demografik değişkenler ve “Bir yaratıcının varlığına inanma”, “Allah’ın varlığını hissetme”, “namaz kılma”, “oruç tutma” ve “dua etme” sıklığını tespit etmeye yönelik dinî değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Tarama modelinde yürütülen çalışma, basit rastlantısal yöntemle seçilen 194’ü erkek, 207’si kadın toplam 401 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Pearson korelasyon teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kökene (Türkiye Göçmeni ve Yerli Kıbrıslı) göre dinî değişkenlerin tamamında Türkiye Göçmenleri lehinde anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların dindarlık görüntülerinin cinsiyete, ikamete ve eğitim düzeyine göre anlamlı farklılaştığı, yaşa göre ise anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dindarlık, yerli Kıbrıslı, Türkiye göçmeni, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

Frequenting a temple, while remaining one of the most ubiquitous forms of Buddhist religious participation, is one of the only practices that fails to link with increased affective religiosity. This quantitative study explored, for teen Buddhists growing up in Britain, the degree to which frequent temple attendance linked with other features of their identity and values. A variety of attitude statements including those concerning personal well-being, discrimination, the media, friends, work, school, Religious Education, family, substance use, collectivism, tradition and religion were rated for levels of agreement using postal and online surveys of 417 self-identifying Buddhists aged between 13 and 20. The 51% who attended a temple frequently were found more likely to have mystical orientation, Intuitive (N) and Introvert (I) psychological type preferences, perception of the contemporary relevance of Buddhism, self-expression, vegetarianism – but less embarrassment concerning their family, less parental disapproval about use of their spare time and less addiction to the media. Other attitudes linking with frequent temple attendance, included less solidarity with friends, less positive attitude towards Buddhism and RE, permissiveness towards substance use, lost enthusiasm for school, diminished subjective wellbeing and family values and emphasis on spirituality over religion. The paper argues that intuitive psychological types are drawn to visit temples more frequently and their values reflect a more mystic, renunciant religiosity that fails to register on measures of affective religiosity.

This study was based on an interdisciplinary paradigm for religious research, with the manifestation of inter-disciplinarity in terms of content (the specific field being the psychology of religion which traditionally coincide within two separate disciplines), as well as the methodology (embracing a true positivistic approach). Although 40 624 individuals from a large public service institution in South Africa participated in the study, only 32 413 datasets were usable for this study. Religiousness, comprising of two factors, namely Salience and Participation was measured. The instrument reported an acceptable internal consistency in terms of the Cronbach alpha coefficient and inter-item correlation. High reliability scores were reported on the eight Salience and three Participation items. Overall, religion was seen as an important aspect in the lives of all the participants. All the participants had a positive attitude towards religion and all agreed that religion played an importa...

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a case study of religiousness and the Catholic Church in fourteenth century England. The particularities of the focused historical context and facts related the history of the Church itself create an environment of great questioning of the purpose of the Church among its English believers.

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de um estudo de caso da
instituição da Igreja Católica e do sentimento religioso no contexto da Inglaterra do século XIV. As especificidades do contexto histórico analisado, aliadas a eventos no interior da própria instituição eclesiástica, incidem de forma extremamente negativa sobre a imagem da Igreja junto a seus fiéis ingleses.

The break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991 sharply cast the relationships between the Republics of post-Soviet space and Russia back, mutual trust was  lost, economic and cultural interaction was practically stopped. The global changes of the 1990s in the field of political order, social and economic lifestyle in the countries of the former socialist camp brought up to severe demographic situation (depopulation), impoverishment of its significant part, criminalization of society and, what is quite important, to negative changes in consciousness and behavior of its population, including deformation of ethical code of personality, for long time fixing the acute social-cultural situation. A. Zhuravlev & A. Yurevich call that the moral collapse.
It is worth mentioning that the economic crisis of the 90s in Georgia was considerably more serious than in Russia. Attempt to teach norms of “new” morale were done by M. Saakashvili (2009–2013), who declared that during 20 years he would be able to change the mentality of Georgians – rejection of the Russian culture and language up to prohibition and adherence to anti-Russian policy at a level of the State. The author reports on that project and she intends to find the difference of how moral competence is understood by the generation which was formed in 1990s and the generation formed under the Soviet Union.

This paper describes a quantitative study for teen Buddhists growing up in Britain of the degree to which scripture reading linked with other features of their Buddhist identity and values. A variety of attitude statements including those concerning personal well-being, discrimination, the media, friends, work, school, Religious Education (RE), family, substance use, collectivism, tradition and religion were rated for levels of agreement using postal and online surveys of 417 self-identifying Buddhists aged between 13 and 20. The 55% who read the scriptures considered themselves more religious, to be a proper Buddhist and were open to practices from different Buddhist traditions. The scripture readers had a significantly more positive attitude to Buddhism and higher mystical orientation. They were more positive about school and RE. They were more likely to have Buddhist friends and discuss their problems with them. They were more inclined to look after their parents in their old age and were more concerned about Third World poverty. The paper argues that the inclination to read Buddhist scriptures is a hitherto undescribed element of Buddhist religiosity, particularly important to convert Buddhists (and to some extent females and those in their late teens) that goes beyond an intellectual or academic approach to religion.

U ovom tekstu se analiziraju stavovi ispitanika o zakonskom reguliranju pobačaja u Hrvatskoj, koje smo ukrštali s religijskom samoidentifikacijom i praksom te sociodemografskim obilježjima ispitanika. Na taj način smo željeli ukazati na eventualnu prisutnost razlika u stavovima o pobačaju i zagovaranju opcije života ili opcije izbora, s obzirom na navedene karakteristike ispitanika. Polazeći od pretpostavke utjecaja konteksta društvenih promjena s početka 90-ih na stavove ispitanika o pobačaju, te uz oslanjanje na neke teorijske koncepte i istraživanja o pobačaju, potvrdili smo sve tri hipoteze istraživanja. Skicirali smo neke procese koji su mogli utjecati na veće slaganje s opcijom izbora nego li s opcijom života kod ispitanika, pogotovo s obzirom na dominaciju katolika u društvu u kojem je Katolička crkva okrenuta «moralnoj obnovi», a ukazali smo i na svojevrsnu polarizaciju stavova vezanih uz zakonsku regulativu pobačaja kod oba tabora, kao i na sukob tradicionalnih i modernih vrijednosti.