JP2539269Y2 - Wheel forming unit and forming grinder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a whetstone forming unit and a forming grinder provided with the whetstone forming unit, particularly, a whetstone wheel is provided in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction) and a front-rear direction (Y-axis). The present invention relates to a forming grinder capable of forming a grindstone on the grinder while the workpiece (work) is mounted at a processing position while being movable in the direction of movement.

(Prior art) In recent years, the spread of vitrified CBN grinding wheels has progressed, and it has become possible to maintain the working surface shape of the grinding wheels used for a long time.
This has led to the development of forming grinding with forming wheels having complex shapes. For example, in a gear forming grinder or the like, a forming wheel having a working surface shape corresponding to the tooth profile of the gear is used, and the wheel is relatively moved in the axial direction of the gear while the wheel is in contact with the tooth groove, thereby forming the gear in a tooth shape. The tooth grooves are sequentially ground by intermittent rotation at the pitch. As a grinding wheel forming apparatus for shaping a forming wheel used in such a forming grinder, a grinding wheel is formed at a mounting position of a workpiece without removing the grinding wheel from the forming grinder, in place of the workpiece. There has been known an apparatus in which a tool is attached to form and correct the grinding wheel (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-214154). In this device, the forming tool holder which supports the grinding wheel forming tool is supported by the headstock and tailstock of the grinding machine, so-called double center support, or cantilevered by only the headstock, and in the forming operation, Rotating the forming tool holder about the A-axis of the headstock and rotating a grinding wheel forming tool (rotary dresser) by a motor mounted on the holder, and simultaneously controlling the grinding wheel in two axial directions, up, down, front and rear, Thus, the forming tool is formed into a desired forming surface shape such that the forming tool always contacts the forming surface of the grinding wheel from the normal direction.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned forming grinder, since a grindstone forming device is attached to a position of a workpiece (work) of the grinder to perform the forming of the grindstone, an error due to a positional shift between the dresser and the grinding wheel. Less,
Although the grinding wheel can be formed with high precision, the forming device and the work must be replaced each time the grinding wheel is formed and the work is ground, which requires time and effort for the setup, and has some difficulties in terms of work efficiency. Was.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a grinding wheel forming unit which can be mounted at a desired position of a grinding machine having a grinding wheel capable of two-axis control without removing a work, and a forming grinding machine provided with the grinding wheel forming unit.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, a forming tool rotating motor fixed to a rear end of a unit housing disposed on a side of a headstock or a tailstock, and rotatable with respect to the unit housing. A hollow dresser spindle that is pivotally supported and has a transmission gear fixed to the outer periphery, a forming tool holder connected to the front end of the dresser spindle, and rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A shaping tool pivotally supported by the shaping tool holder, a shaping tool swinging motor for swinging the shaping tool, and being connected to the shaping tool rotation motor through a hollow portion of the dresser spindle,
A forming tool rotating mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the rotary motor to the forming tool; and a forming tool swinging mechanism for transmitting the shaking power of the forming tool swing motor to the dresser spindle. The mechanism includes a drive shaft rotatably supported in the hollow portion of the dresser spindle, and a bevel gear shaft rotatably supported by the forming tool holder and rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A dresser shaft rotatably supported by the forming tool holder and rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle; and bevel gear means for operatively connecting the tip of the drive shaft and the bevel gear shaft. And a transmission means for transmitting and connecting the bevel gear shaft and the dresser shaft, wherein the forming tool is fixed to the dresser shaft. Knit is provided.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a grinding wheel capable of controlling two axes,
Grinding wheel forming in which both ends of the workpiece to be ground are supported by a headstock and a tailstock opposed thereto, and are controlled so as to always contact the forming surface of the grinding wheel from the normal direction. In a forming grinder having a unit, the grinding wheel forming unit includes a forming tool rotating motor fixed to a rear end of a unit housing disposed on a side of a headstock or a tailstock, and a shaft rotatably mounted on the unit housing. A hollow dresser spindle supported and having a transmission gear fixed to the outer periphery, a forming tool holder connected to a front end of the dresser spindle, and a rotatable shaft rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A shaping tool pivotally supported by a shaping tool holder, a shaping tool swing motor for swinging the shaping tool, and a hollow portion of the dresser spindle. A forming tool rotating mechanism connected to the forming tool rotating motor and transmitting a rotational force of the rotating motor to the forming tool; and a forming tool swinging mechanism transmitting the swinging power of the forming tool swing motor to the dresser spindle. A driving shaft rotatably supported in the hollow portion of the dresser spindle, a driving shaft rotatably supported by the forming tool holder, and perpendicular to a rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A bevel gear shaft rotatable around an axis, a dresser shaft supported by the forming tool holder and rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation axis of the dresser spindle, a tip of the drive shaft, and the bevel gear. Bevel gear means for drivingly connecting the shaft,
A transmission means for transmitting and connecting the bevel gear shaft and the dresser shaft; the forming tool is fixed to the dresser shaft; and the grindstone forming unit is configured such that an axis of the dresser spindle of the unit is the axis of the headstock. There is provided a forming grinder installed on a bed side near the grinding wheel so as to be parallel to the axis.

(Embodiment) Next, the present invention will be described by way of an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a grinding wheel forming unit 42 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. A hollow dresser spindle 30 is pivotally supported by the unit housing 39 so as to be swingably rotatable. A forming tool holder 8 is detachably connected to the front end of the dresser spindle 30 by bolts or the like. The forming tool rotating motor 3 is fixed to the rear end of the unit housing 39 (the side opposite to the forming tool holder), and the forming tool swing motor 38 is mounted on the upper part of the unit housing 39 as shown in FIG. ing. The forming tool holder 8 is formed of a hollow member having an open end 8a on the dresser spindle side, and a disk-shaped rotary dresser 7 is provided at its forward end (grinding wheel side) with an axis perpendicular to the dresser spindle 30. It is rotatably supported around. The outer peripheral edge of the rotary dresser 7 is partially exposed to the outside from the holder 8.

A bevel gear shaft serving as a driven shaft parallel to the dresser shaft 22 of the rotary dresser 7 is provided at the open end 8a of the forming tool holder 8.
A transmission belt 24 is hung between the bevel gear shaft 23 and the dresser shaft 22 via pulleys 33 and 34. The bevel gear 25 fixed to the bevel gear shaft 23 meshes with a bevel gear 27 at the tip of a drive shaft 26 connected to the output shaft of the forming tool rotation motor 3. The drive shaft 26 is supported concentrically with the hollow dresser spindle 30 in the hollow portion of the dresser spindle. This hollow dresser spindle
The worm wheel 47 is fixed to the outer periphery of the worm wheel 47. The worm wheel 47 meshes with the worm 48 fixed to the output shaft of the forming tool swing drive motor 38, thereby forming the forming tool holder 8 via the dresser spindle 30. Is pivotally rotated about the axis of the spindle 30. Accordingly, the rotary dresser 7 pivotally supported by the holder 8 also rotates around the dresser spindle axis, and at the same time, is driven by the forming tool rotating motor 3 via the drive shaft 26, the drive bevel gear 27, the driven bevel gear 25, and the belt 24. Dresser shaft 22
At the same time, the rotary dresser 7 is rotated in a fixed direction, and the grinding wheel 5 is formed by the rotary dresser 7 as described later with reference to FIGS. When the forming tool holder 8 is turned, the driven-side bevel gear 25 meshes with the driving-side bevel gear 27 to rotate and revolve around the axis of the dresser spindle 30.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a forming and grinding machine loaded with the grindstone forming unit shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. An X-axis table 11 reciprocating in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) is mounted on a bed 18 of the grinding machine.
A column 15 (not shown in FIG. 3), which moves in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) at right angles to the moving direction, is mounted. A Z-axis table 19 holding a grinding wheel spindle 6 having a built-in grinding wheel drive motor is mounted on the front surface of the column 15 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The grinding wheel 5 is attached to the shaft end of the spindle 6. The grinding wheel spindle 6 is Z
It is pivotable in a vertical plane along the shaft table 19, so that the axial angle of the spindle 6 can be changed. The column 15 is moved in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) by a Y-axis motor (not shown). Reference numeral 13 denotes a Z-axis motor mounted on an upper portion of a column for moving the Z-axis table 19 in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

The headstock 9 and the tailstock 4 are mounted on the X-axis table 11 so as to face each other. Reference numeral 12 denotes an X-axis motor for moving the X-axis table 11. The spindle of the headstock 9 is given index rotation during gear grinding by a spindle servomotor 10 above the headstock 9. On the X-axis table 11, a grinding wheel forming unit 42 is mounted adjacent to the tailstock 4 and parallel to the axis of the tailstock 4.

When the grinding wheel 5 is formed, the forming tool rotating motor 3 and the forming tool swing drive motor of the grinding wheel forming unit 42 are used.
After the wheel 38 is driven and the grinding wheel 5 and the dresser 7 are aligned by the X-axis motor 12 of the X-axis table 11, the grinding wheel 5 is controlled in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. FIG. 8 shows the rotary dresser 7 and the grinding wheel 5 in four stages during the grinding operation.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a positional relationship with the と. The rotary dresser 7 is controlled by the forming tool swing motor 38 to rotate around the axis of the dresser spindle 30 while the outer peripheral edge of the rotary dresser 7 always contacts the forming surface 5a of the grinding wheel 5 from the normal direction. The dresser is driven to rotate around the axis of the dresser by the tool rotation motor 3, and at the same time, the grinding wheel 5
The grinding wheel forming surface having a desired shape is formed by controlling the shaft motor and the Z-axis motor 13 in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a gear forming grinding machine with NC according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the grinding machine shown in FIG. 5 on the side of the headstock. An X-axis table 11 reciprocating in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) is placed on the T-shaped bed 18 via the linear guide 2, and the table 11 is moved in the front-rear direction (Y-axis) at right angles to the moving direction of the table 11. The column 15 (not shown in FIG. 5) which moves in the direction (not shown) is placed via a linear guide 17. A Z-axis table 19 holding the grinding wheel spindle 6 is mounted on the front surface of the column 15 via a linear guide 14 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
A grinding wheel 5 is attached to the shaft end of the wheel. The grindstone spindle 6 is rotatable in a vertical plane along the Z-axis table 19, so that the angle of the spindle 6 in the axial direction can be changed. Reference numeral 16 denotes a Y-axis motor for moving the column 15 in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), and reference numeral 13 denotes a Z-axis motor mounted on the top of the column for moving the Z-axis table 19 in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). .

The headstock 9 and the tailstock 4 are mounted on the X-axis table 11 so as to face each other. Reference numeral 12 denotes an X-axis motor for moving the X-axis table 11. The spindle of the headstock 9 (FIG. 5,
6 (not shown in FIG. 6), a swing rotation (at the time of forming a grinding wheel) or an indexing rotation (at the time of gear grinding) is given by a spindle servomotor 10 above the headstock 9. A grindstone forming unit, which will be described later, is provided on the back side surface of the headstock 9 in parallel with the spindle. In this embodiment, the casing of the headstock and the unit housing of the grindstone forming unit are integrally formed, and the spindle and the dresser spindle are inserted in the casing in parallel with each other. A holder 8 having a dresser 7 is attached to a front end of the dresser spindle, and a forming tool rotating motor 3 is mounted to a rear end of the casing.
Is attached, and a portion related to this is described later.

With reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, a case where a tooth groove is formed and ground by the above-described forming grinder with NC using a gear as an example of a workpiece will be described.

The gear 40 (FIG. 7) has its shaft center position supported by both center portions of the headstock 9 and the tailstock 4, and the X-axis motor 12 controls the X-axis so that the gear 40 is located in front of the grinding wheel 5. The axis table 11 is moved. The front and rear and up and down positions of the grinding wheel 5 are determined by the Y-axis motor 16 and the Z-axis motor 13 so as to engage with the tooth grooves of the gear 40. After one tooth groove is ground by rotation of the grinding wheel 5 and movement of the X-axis table 11 over the tooth width of the tooth groove, the turning spindle 21 is turned by the main spindle servomotor 10 in a state where the grinding wheel 5 is separated from the tooth groove. The gear is indexed and rotated by one pitch to grind the next tooth groove, and thus the tooth groove corresponding to the forming surface of the grinding wheel 5 is formed and ground by indexing one pitch at a time. .
Depending on the type of gear, the spindle servomotor 10 can also provide rotation according to the inclination of the torsion angle of the tooth space. For example, in the case of a helical gear, the grinding wheel 5 is tilted by the twist angle, and grinding is performed along the twist angle by feeding the X-axis table 11 and rotating the gear around the A-axis.

When the grinding wheel 5 is formed, the forming tool rotating motor 3 is driven in addition to the spindle servomotor 10, and the grinding wheel 5 and the dresser 7 are driven by the X-axis motor 12 of the X-axis table 11.
After the positions are aligned, the grinding wheel 5 is controlled in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

As already described with reference to FIG. 8, the rotary dresser 7 rotates around the axis of the headstock center portion 20, that is, the A-axis while the outer peripheral edge thereof always contacts the forming surface 5a of the grinding wheel 5 from the normal direction. And the grinding wheel 5 is rotated around the axis of the dresser by the forming tool rotating motor 3 at the rear of the headstock 9, and at the same time, the grinding wheel 5 is rotated by the Y-axis motor 16 and the Z-axis motor 13. NC control is performed in the Z-axis direction to form a grindstone forming surface having a desired shape.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of the headstock 9 in the embodiment of FIGS. The forming tool holder 8 is formed of a hollow member having a longitudinal dresser spindle end 8a opened, and a disk-shaped rotary dresser 7 is provided at a longitudinally forward portion (grinding wheel side) with an axis perpendicular to the dresser spindle. It is rotatably supported around. The outer peripheral edge of the rotary dresser 7 is partially exposed to the outside from the holder 8.

A bevel gear shaft serving as a driven shaft parallel to the dresser shaft 22 of the rotary dresser 7 is provided at the open end 8a of the forming tool holder 8.
A transmission belt 24 is hung between the bevel gear shaft 23 and the dresser shaft 22 via pulleys 33 and 34. The bevel gear 25 fixed to the bevel gear shaft 23 meshes with a bevel gear 27 at the tip of a drive shaft 26 connected to the output shaft of the forming tool rotating motor 3 fixed to the rear end of the casing 28. The drive shaft 26 is supported concentrically with a hollow dresser spindle 30 supported by a casing 28 in a hollow portion of the dresser spindle. The gear 36 is fixed to the outer periphery of the hollow dresser spindle 30. A main shaft 29 of the headstock 9 is similarly pivotally supported by a casing 28, a tip of which protrudes from a front end of the casing 28, and a main spindle center portion 20 having a button 21 is fixedly attached thereto. A worm wheel 44 and a carrier 37 are fitted around the outer periphery of the main shaft 29. The gear 37 on the outer periphery of the main shaft meshes with a gear 36 on the outer periphery of the dresser spindle 30, and the worm wheel 44 meshes with a worm 45 supported by the casing 28. The worm 45 is connected to the spindle servomotor 10 described with reference to FIGS.

Rotary dresser 7 supported by forming tool holder 8
Is rotated in a fixed direction together with the dresser shaft 22 via the drive shaft 26, the drive side bevel gear 27, the driven side bevel gear 25 and the belt 24 by the driving of the forming tool rotation motor 3, and at the same time, the operation of the spindle servo motor 10 of the headstock 9 Warm by
The forming tool holder 8 is swung around the axis of the spindle 30 together with the dresser spindle 30 via the worm wheel 44, the worm wheel 44, the main shaft 29, the gear 37 and the gear 36. Accordingly, the rotary dresser 7 supported by the holder 8 also rotates about the dresser spindle axis, and the grinding wheel 5 is formed by the rotary dresser 7 as described with reference to FIG. When the forming tool holder 8 is turned, the driven-side bevel gear 25 meshes with the driving-side bevel gear 27 to rotate and revolve around the axis of the dresser spindle 30. A gear, which is a workpiece, is mounted between the headstock center section 20 and the tailstock center section 32, and the gear 40 is controlled by the spindle servomotor 10 to a worm 45 and a worm wheel 44.
After the above-mentioned forming operation of the grinding wheel 5, the tooth grooves are formed and ground immediately after the indexing rotation via the spindle 29. Reference numeral 35 denotes a gear-side button which engages with the button turning 21 of the center portion 20. In this embodiment, the spindle indexing drive motor and the grindstone shaping tool swing motor are shared by one motor.

As described above, in the present invention, the grinding wheel can be formed by the grinding wheel forming apparatus while the workpiece is mounted between the headstock and the tailstock with one forming grinder. When there is a possibility that the dresser 7 may interfere with the grinding wheel during forming grinding of the work, the forming tool holder 8 can be easily removed from the dresser spindle 30.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to form a grindstone with extremely high efficiency and high precision without removing a workpiece. Since the turning of the forming tool holder is performed by the spindle indexing motor of the headstock separately from the rotation source of the holder, the structure is simplified, the weight of the forming tool holder is reduced, and the shaking during turning of the holder is reduced. Can be smaller. Conventionally, for example, gear grinding has not been widely used because it is not possible to form grinding wheels accurately and easily, and in many cases it was created.However, according to the present invention, grinding wheels can be performed easily and quickly. As described above, the use of a grinding wheel that can be dressed and has a long service life has the effect of easily forming a part having a complicated shape such as a gear.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a grinding wheel forming unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of a forming grinder equipped with the grinding wheel forming unit of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the grinding machine shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a front view of a gear forming grinding machine with NC according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
5 is a side view of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of a headstock and a grindstone forming unit of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a grindstone forming operation in a grindstone forming apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a rotary dresser and a grinding wheel. 3 ... forming tool rotating motor, 4 ... tailstock, 5 ... grinding wheel, 7 ... rotary dresser (grinding tool), 8 ...
Molding tool holder, 9 ... headstock, 20, 32 ... center part, 2
2 ... Dresser shaft, 23 ... Bevel gear shaft (driven shaft), 24
... transmission belt, 25, 27 ... bevel gear, 26 ... drive shaft, 28 ... casing, 29 ... main shaft, 30 ... dresser spindle, 36, 37 ... gear, 38 ... forming tool swing motor, 39… Unit housing, 44, 47… Worm wheel, 45, 48… Warm.

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A forming tool rotating motor fixed to a rear end of a unit housing disposed on a side of a headstock or a tailstock, and is rotatably supported by the unit housing.
A hollow dresser spindle having a transmission gear fixed to the outer periphery thereof; a forming tool holder connected to a front end of the dresser spindle; and a forming tool holder rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A shaping tool pivotally supported by a shaping tool, a shaping tool swinging motor for swinging the shaping tool, and a hollow portion of the dresser spindle connected to the shaping tool rotating motor, and a rotating force of the rotating motor. A shaping tool rotating mechanism for transmitting the shaping tool to the shaping tool, and a shaping tool swing mechanism for transmitting the shaking power of the shaping tool swing motor to the dresser spindle, wherein the shaping tool rotating mechanism includes a hollow shaft of the dresser spindle. A drive shaft rotatably supported by the section, and a shaft supported by the forming tool holder and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A bevel gear shaft rotatable around an axis, a dresser shaft supported by the forming tool holder and rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation axis of the dresser spindle; a tip of the drive shaft and the bevel gear shaft A bevel gear unit for operatively connecting the shaft and the dresser shaft, and a transmission unit for operatively connecting the bevel gear shaft and the dresser shaft, wherein the forming tool is fixed to the dresser shaft. 2. A grinding wheel having two axes controllable, both ends of a workpiece to be ground being supported by a headstock and a tailstock opposed thereto, and a forming surface of the grinding wheel. In a forming grinder having a grindstone forming unit controlled so as to always contact from the normal direction, the grindstone forming unit is fixed to a rear end of a unit housing arranged on a side of a headstock or a tailstock. A forming tool rotation motor, a hollow dresser spindle rotatably supported by the unit housing, and a transmission gear fixed to the outer periphery; a forming tool holder connected to a front end of the dresser spindle; A forming tool pivotally supported by the forming tool holder so as to be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a rotation axis of the spindle; and a forming tool swing motor for swinging the forming tool. A forming tool rotation mechanism that penetrates through the hollow portion of the dresser spindle and is connected to the forming tool rotation motor, and transmits a rotational force of the rotation motor to the forming tool; Having a forming tool swinging mechanism for transmitting to the dresser spindle,
The forming tool rotating mechanism includes a drive shaft rotatably supported in the hollow portion of the dresser spindle, and a shaft supported by the forming tool holder and rotating about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle. A bevel gear shaft, a dresser shaft supported by the forming tool holder and rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the rotation axis of the dresser spindle, and a drive connection between a tip of the drive shaft and the bevel gear shaft. Bevel gear means, and a transmission means for transmitting and connecting the bevel gear shaft and the dresser shaft, and the forming tool is fixed to the dresser shaft,
A forming grinder, wherein the grinding wheel forming unit is installed on a bed side near the grinding wheel so that an axis of the dresser spindle of the unit is parallel to an axis of the headstock. 3. The forming tool swinging mechanism surrounded by the unit housing disposed on the side of the headstock is operatively connected to the main shaft of the headstock via a gear mechanism, whereby the forming tool is rotated. 3. The forming grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein the swing motor doubles as a spindle motor of the headstock.