JP2664606B2 - Gear finishing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear finishing apparatus for finishing a tooth surface of a gear material having a tooth profile formed in advance by honing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large number of gear parts have been used in, for example, a transmission or a differential of an automobile and finished with high precision. That is,
For example, after a tooth profile is cut out by a hobbing machine or the like, a finishing process is performed by a gear shaving machine or the like, and a honing process is performed to further improve the accuracy to finish the tooth surface with high precision. And as such a honing machine,
For example, JP-A-2-284819 or JP-A-3-202
No. 225 is known, and such a device, as shown in FIG. 8, horizontally supports a work support shaft P of a gear material W to be rotatable, and An internal gear-shaped grindstone 51 having the same tooth profile is meshed on the inner periphery, and the rotating surface of the internal gear-shaped grindstone 51 is rotated by being inclined from the vertical by an axis angle θ to finish the tooth surface of the gear material W. I have to. The reason why the internal gear-shaped grindstone 51 is used in this way is that when the internal teeth are used, the meshing ratio is increased and the machining efficiency is good. The reason for inclining by θ is to increase the honing effect by giving a slip component in the tooth lead direction.

[0003]

However, as described above, in the configuration in which the work supporting axis P of the gear material W is horizontal and the rotation surface of the internal gear-shaped grindstone 51 is in the vertical direction, In particular, it is necessary to increase the supporting rigidity for supporting the processing reaction force of the gear material W, and there is a disadvantage that the entire device is easily increased in size. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the setting of the inclination angle θ of the internal gear-shaped grindstone 51 requires swinging around a horizontal axis passing through the center O of the gear material W and perpendicular to the paper surface. Since the meshing point between the tooth gear-shaped grindstone 51 and the gear material W needs to be set at the height position of the center O, the work supporting shaft P
This is because the distance h is at least a large amount of overhang requiring the radius of the internal gear-shaped grindstone 51, and the supporting rigidity must be set large to effectively support the processing reaction force. This is because not only does the large amount of overhang cause an increase in the size of the device in the vertical direction, but also because the work support axis P is oriented in the horizontal direction, the overall width of the device also increases. In addition, the form in which the work support axis P of the gear material W is horizontal makes it difficult to attach and detach the gear material W, and grinding dust flows down to the upper surface of the bed 52 at the time of machining, and the bed 52 due to heat storage.
Defects such as deformation and damage of the bed 52 are likely to occur, and such deformation of the bed 52 may adversely affect processing accuracy such as finished dimensions of the workpiece.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a gear finishing apparatus for honing a tooth surface by meshing a gear material with an internal gear-shaped grindstone. And a right-angle bed having a slide surface, a whetstone support unit that can move back and forth along the horizontal plane, and a work support unit that can move up and down along the vertical plane. An internal gear-shaped grindstone is provided at the tip of the grindstone support unit so as to be swingable around the horizontal axis and rotatable by the rotation driving means. The inside of the grindstone can be moved up and down, and the inner peripheral teeth of the internal gear-shaped grindstone and the outer peripheral teeth of the gear material mesh with each other on the vertical surface side. Further, the work supporting unit is provided with a gear type dresser.

[0005]

[Function] A work supporting unit that can move up and down along the vertical surface of a right-angle bed holds the gear material rotatably around the vertical axis, and slightly tilts the internal gear-shaped whetstone meshed with this gear material from the horizontal plane. The conventional apparatus is turned 90 degrees by rotating and processing. And by such a form, the meshing point of the gear material and the internal gear-shaped grindstone can be brought closer to the bed side, and the processing reaction force transmitted from the gear material side to the vertical surface of the bed, and from the grindstone side to the horizontal surface of the bed. The transmitted reaction force can be reduced. That is, a large supporting rigidity is not required for the work supporting unit and the grindstone supporting unit, and the apparatus can be reduced in size and simplified. Further, since the work supporting unit can be configured in a cantilever manner, it is more effective to simplify the apparatus. Further, the gear material held by the cantilever type movable work support unit can be easily attached and detached. In addition, the processing part of the work has a form that protrudes outward from the right-angled bed, so that the cutting oil sprayed on the processing part does not flow on the upper surface of the bed as in the conventional case, thermal deformation of the bed and finishing caused by this A situation such as irregular processing accuracy does not occur.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a gear finishing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a perspective view of the entire apparatus, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof.

The gear finishing apparatus 1 of the present invention is configured as an apparatus in which the attitude of a conventional apparatus is reversed by 90 degrees, the work supporting axis is set in the vertical direction, and the rotating surface of the grindstone is slightly inclined from a horizontal plane. And a right-angle bed 2 as shown in FIG.

Then, on the front of the right-angle bed 2,
A pair of guide rails 3 is provided, and a work support unit 4 is engaged with the guide rails 3 so as to be able to move up and down.

That is, the work supporting unit 4
A main body 6 having a work spindle 5 at the center, a work holding jig 7 as a holding part provided on the upper part of the work spindle 5, and a work indexing motor 8 connected to a lower part of the work spindle 5 are provided. A slider 9 on the back side of the main body 6 is engaged with the guide rail 3.

Below the main body 6, there is provided an elevating drive unit 11 fixed to the right-angled bed 2, and the elevating drive unit 11 is vertically engaged with the main body 6 as shown in FIG. Ball screw shaft 12 and transmission unit 1 for transmitting rotation from drive motor 13 to ball screw shaft 12
The work supporting unit 4 is moved up and down by the rotation of the ball screw shaft 12.

The gear blank W is provided with a work holding jig 7.
The work indexing motor 8 performs phase matching at the time of engagement with a grindstone 25 described later. At this time, in order to determine the phase of the gear blank W in advance, a bracket 27 is protruded from the right-angle bed 2 as shown in FIG. 2, and a work indexing unit 28 is provided on the bracket 27. The work holding jig 7 is detachably mounted on, for example, the upper part of the work spindle 5, and can be replaced depending on the type of work.

On the other hand, on the upper surface of the right-angle bed 2, there is provided a grindstone support unit 16 which engages with the guide rail 15.

The whetstone support unit 16 includes a slider 17 which is engaged with the guide rail 15 and a main body 18 on which the slider 17 is mounted.
A horizontal ball screw shaft 21 extending from a drive motor 20 as shown in FIG.

The rotation of the bow screw jaft 21 allows the grindstone support unit 16 to move forward and backward.

A turning base 22 is provided on the front surface of the main body 18, and a whetstone head 23 is provided on the turning base 22 so as to be swingable about a horizontal axis.

That is, the adjustment of the axis angle θ shown in FIG. 3 is performed by the turning angle changing handle 24 shown in FIG.

A circular hollow hole is provided at the tip end of the grindstone head 23, and a ring-shaped internal gear-shaped grindstone 25 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the hollow hole, and is rotatable along the inner peripheral surface. It is supported by.

A grindstone rotation motor 26 as a rotation driving means for driving the rotation of the grindstone 25 is provided on the base end side of the grindstone head 23, and transmits the rotation to the grindstone 25 by, for example, gear engagement.

The inner diameter of the grindstone 25 is sufficiently larger than the diameter of the gear material W, so that the gear material W can freely move up and down in the ring of the grindstone 25.

A coolant collecting unit 30 for collecting and circulating the cutting oil used for cutting is provided below the work supporting unit 4.

That is, an oil pan 31 is provided on the front surface of the right-angled bed 2 to cover the lower periphery of the work supporting unit 4. The oil was guided to a coolant primary filtration centrifugal separator 38 for filtration, and the cutting oil was further guided to a secondary filtration coolant tank 32 to be surely separated from cutting chips through a coolant secondary filtration filter 33. Later, they are recycled and used. By the way, such cutting oil has conventionally been collected by flowing down the upper surface of the bed as it is.

Since the center axis of the work may be held from above and below depending on the form of the gear blank W, a tail stock 34 as shown in FIG. It can be moved up and down along.

The operation of the gear finishing device 1 as described above will be described.

First, the gear material W is set on the work holding jig 7. At this time, by raising or lowering the work supporting unit 4 to make the set portion of the gear material W different from the height of the inner peripheral surface of the grindstone head 23, interference between the two can be avoided, and the setting operation is easy.

Next, after the phase of the gear blank W is adjusted by the work indexing unit 28 and the work indexing motor 8, positioning in the height direction is performed and the wheel is engaged with the grindstone 25. That is, the grindstone head 23 is moved forward, and the inner peripheral teeth on the base end side of the grindstone 25 mesh with the outer peripheral teeth of the gear material W as shown in FIG. At this time, a predetermined axis angle θ has already been given to the grindstone 25, and the positional relationship viewed from the front is shown in FIG.
As described above, the rotating surface of the grindstone 25 is inclined by the axis angle θ with respect to the gear blank W whose rotating surface is horizontal.

The grinding wheel 2 is driven by the grinding wheel rotating motor 26.
5, the gear blank W is simultaneously rotated to finish the tooth surface.

At this time, since the setting of the axis angle θ of the grindstone 25 is performed by the swinging of the grindstone head 23 about the OO line in FIG. Can be set at the position closest to the revolving base 22 side of the inner peripheral teeth. The processing reaction force transmitted to the upper surface of the right-angled bed 2 through the grindstone 25 side is the overhang distance e from the revolving base 22 shown in FIG. 2 (note that in FIG. In fact, the grinding wheel head 23 meshes at a position further advanced to the right, and e becomes smaller.) And the portion represented by the overhang distance f of the swivel base 22 from the slider 17 through the influence of the portion represented by f. It is transmitted to the bed 2. By minimizing the distances e and f, the deformation of the member due to the reaction force on the grinding wheel side can be minimized, and the rigidity is increased.

On the other hand, the processing reaction force transmitted to the front surface of the right-angled bed 2 through the gear blank W is a distance d from the front surface of the right-angled bed 2 and an overhang amount c from the slider 9 as shown in FIG. And the members are deformed in accordance with the distances d and c. However, this distance d is not a large value such as the radius of the grindstone as in the related art, but can be minimized. This is effective for increasing the holding rigidity of the processed portion.

That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, neither the grindstone supporting unit 16 side nor the work supporting unit 4 side requires a large supporting rigidity as in the prior art.
This contributes to downsizing and weight reduction of the device. Moreover, the work can be supported in a cantilever manner, which is effective not only for simplifying the apparatus, but also for setting the work more easily.

The cutting oil blown to the processing part during the processing is supplied to the coolant through the oil pan 31 as described above.
Since it is collected by the collection unit 30 and has no effect on the right-angled bed 2, thermal deformation of the bed caused by flowing along the upper surface of the bed as in the related art, and processing accuracy caused by the bed deformation are reduced. There is no malfunction such as madness,
The quality such as finishing dimensions is improved.

Incidentally, such a series of processing operations are performed while being controlled by, for example, a control panel 36 provided behind the apparatus 1.

Next, another embodiment in which a dresser is provided in the work supporting unit 4 will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a gear type dresser 37 is provided below a work set portion of a work holding jig 7.
When dressing of the grindstone 25 becomes necessary, the dresser 37 and the grindstone 25 are engaged with each other, and the dressing is performed by relative rotation.

That is, in the prior art, for example,
It is removed and dressed by a separately provided dressing device, or dressed by a dressing device provided in the vicinity of the processing device 1 when necessary. The configuration of the present invention simplifies the dressing procedure. It can be easily dressed when needed.

[0035]

As described above, in the gear finishing apparatus of the present invention, the grinding wheel support unit and the work support unit are disposed on the horizontal plane and the vertical plane of the right-angle bed, respectively, and the reaction force transmission path in the processing section is provided. Since they are transmitted to each surface with the shortest length, there is no need to increase the support rigidity of the grindstone and the work, and a small, lightweight and simple configuration can be achieved. In addition, since the work can be supported in a cantilever manner, the structure can be made simpler, which not only has a merit in terms of cost but also facilitates setting of the work. A cutting oil collecting device is provided next to the right-angled bed 2 and the collecting device is disposed immediately below the processing section, so that the conventional heat storage in the bed, deformation of the bed, and finishing accuracy due to the deformation. The machining quality can be improved without any troubles such as out of order. Further, by providing a dresser in the work supporting unit, there is an effect that dressing can be performed extremely easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gear finishing device.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a meshing state between the internal gear-shaped grindstone and the gear material.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a meshing state between the internal gear-shaped grindstone and the gear material.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an apparatus according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 gear finishing device 2 right-angle bed 4 work support unit 7 work holding jig 16 grindstone support unit 23 grindstone head 25 internal gear-shaped grindstone 26 rotation drive means ( grindstone rotation motor ) 37 gear type dresser W gear material

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gear finishing apparatus in which a gear material is meshed with an internal gear-shaped grindstone to perform honing of a tooth surface, the apparatus comprising: a right-angle bed having a sliding surface on a horizontal surface and a vertical surface; A whetstone support unit that can move back and forth along the horizontal plane, and a work support unit that can move up and down along the vertical plane, and an internal gear-shaped whetstone is provided at the tip of the whetstone support unit and swings around a horizontal axis. The work supporting unit is provided with a holding portion for the gear material so that it can freely move up and down in the internal gear-shaped grindstone. A gear finishing device, wherein outer peripheral teeth of a gear material are meshed on a vertical surface side portion. 2. The gear finishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gear type dresser is provided in the work supporting unit.