CN102272099A - 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 - Google Patents
二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102272099A CN102272099A CN2010800038403A CN201080003840A CN102272099A CN 102272099 A CN102272099 A CN 102272099A CN 2010800038403 A CN2010800038403 A CN 2010800038403A CN 201080003840 A CN201080003840 A CN 201080003840A CN 102272099 A CN102272099 A CN 102272099A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- trimethylammonium
- nitrile
- ethanoyl
- methyl
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229940124213 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP IV) inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title 1
- 239000003603 dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 108010067722 Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 102100025012 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 102100023915 Insulin Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 141
- -1 heterocyclic radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 59
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000006312 cyclopentyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- JMFVWNKPLURQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC1CCCC1 JMFVWNKPLURQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RCFKEIREOSXLET-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1S(N)(=O)=O RCFKEIREOSXLET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000002705 Glucose Intolerance Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005312 heteroarylalkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000008338 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000002249 Diabetes Complications Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 5
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KGGHWIKBOIQEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorobenzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1F KGGHWIKBOIQEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010012655 Diabetic complications Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010018429 Glucose tolerance impaired Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000018262 Peripheral vascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005018 aryl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003016 chromanyl group Chemical group O1C(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035150 Hypercholesterolemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000017442 Retinal disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010038923 Retinopathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000010877 cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000005577 familial hyperlipidemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004447 heteroarylalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000160 oxazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- AKLCTCACZDSMHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-4-one Chemical compound O=C1OCC2CCC1C2 AKLCTCACZDSMHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NQMGELVSLIQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Chemical compound C1C2CCC1OCC2 NQMGELVSLIQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Purine Natural products N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004171 alkoxy aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepane Chemical compound C1CCCNCC1 ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002047 benzodioxolyl group Chemical group O1OC(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004619 benzopyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical class N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- HOBCFUWDNJPFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolizine Chemical compound C1=CC=CN2C=CC=C21 HOBCFUWDNJPFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004621 quinuclidinyl group Chemical group N12C(CC(CC1)CC2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LLSKXGRDUPMXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpiperidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLSKXGRDUPMXLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004638 2-oxopiperazinyl group Chemical group O=C1N(CCNC1)* 0.000 claims 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZPFKRQXYKULZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylidene Chemical group [CH2+]CC[CH-] ZPFKRQXYKULZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006011 chloroethoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 claims 1
- OBISXEJSEGNNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen-n-sulfide Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=S OBISXEJSEGNNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005186 naphthyloxy group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)O* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004591 piperonyl group Chemical group C(C1=CC=2OCOC2C=C1)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003652 trifluoroethoxy group Chemical group FC(CO*)(F)F 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 194
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000194 Dipeptidyl-peptidases and tripeptidyl-peptidases Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102000003779 Dipeptidyl-peptidases and tripeptidyl-peptidases Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 537
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 138
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 137
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 134
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 133
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 114
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 111
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 75
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 70
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 61
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 59
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 58
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 57
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 55
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 50
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 47
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 43
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 41
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 32
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 27
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000011097 chromatography purification Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 229960001143 cyclopentamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 15
- XGZPRABQSGUFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclopentyl-n-methylpropan-2-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC(C)CC1CCCC1 XGZPRABQSGUFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 0 Cc1nc(*)n[o]1 Chemical compound Cc1nc(*)n[o]1 0.000 description 10
- JBDSSBMEKXHSJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC1 JBDSSBMEKXHSJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 6
- 229960003263 cyclopentamine Drugs 0.000 description 6
- HFXKQSZZZPGLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentamine Chemical compound CNC(C)CC1CCCC1 HFXKQSZZZPGLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VFNNTVXOZWMVGX-HQJQHLMTSA-N (1r,3s)-3-methoxycarbonyl-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@H]1CC[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)C1(C)C VFNNTVXOZWMVGX-HQJQHLMTSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LSPHULWDVZXLIL-LDWIPMOCSA-N (?)-Camphoric acid Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O LSPHULWDVZXLIL-LDWIPMOCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- MESFXNGUDNODTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-thiazine 1,1-dioxide Chemical class O=S1(=O)NC=CC=C1 MESFXNGUDNODTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;sulfooxy sulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101000911390 Homo sapiens Coagulation factor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000057593 human F8 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- AEXITZJSLGALNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxyethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(N)=NO AEXITZJSLGALNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007410 oral glucose tolerance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229940047431 recombinate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N sitagliptin Chemical compound C([C@H](CC(=O)N1CC=2N(C(=NN=2)C(F)(F)F)CC1)N)C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004034 sitagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VFNNTVXOZWMVGX-WRWORJQWSA-N (1s,3r)-3-methoxycarbonyl-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H]1CC[C@](C)(C(O)=O)C1(C)C VFNNTVXOZWMVGX-WRWORJQWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HDPNBNXLBDFELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)(OC)OC HDPNBNXLBDFELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxoglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(=O)C(O)=O KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPLZVJKSYBUKBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-4-methylchromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C1OC(=O)C(N)=C2C YPLZVJKSYBUKBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VRJHQPZVIGNGMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-piperidinone Chemical compound O=C1CCNCC1 VRJHQPZVIGNGMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010009900 Colitis ulcerative Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000001267 GSK3 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101000930822 Giardia intestinalis Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000051325 Glucagon Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108060003199 Glucagon Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010014905 Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000804947 Homo sapiens Dipeptidyl peptidase 8 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000804945 Homo sapiens Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000006704 Ulcerative Colitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZBIKORITPGTTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [acetyloxy(phenyl)-$l^{3}-iodanyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OI(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZBIKORITPGTTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002249 anxiolytic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000949 anxiolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940050390 benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N glucagon Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004666 glucagon Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003914 insulin secretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWXYYJSYQOXTPL-SLPGGIOYSA-N isosorbide mononitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)CO[C@@H]21 YWXYYJSYQOXTPL-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1S(O)(=O)=O XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002824 peroxisome Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTHRRMFZHSDGNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazine-2,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1NCCNC1=O JTHRRMFZHSDGNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000009104 prediabetes syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002429 proline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridinium chlorochromate Chemical compound [O-][Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFZDNKRDYPTSTP-LDWIPMOCSA-N (1s,5r)-5,8,8-trimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)[C@]2(C)CC[C@H]1C2(C)C VFZDNKRDYPTSTP-LDWIPMOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006699 (C1-C3) hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006652 (C3-C12) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USBRBYCPDQGUNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropropane;sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound CCCCl.ClS(Cl)(=O)=O USBRBYCPDQGUNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYOANZBNGDEJFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound C1NNN=C1 SYOANZBNGDEJFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilinoethanol Chemical class OCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBNPVXZNWBWNEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC(Cl)=C1 GBNPVXZNWBWNEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAUPUQRPBNDMDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloropyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C#N JAUPUQRPBNDMDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 1
- RAAGZOYMEQDCTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1C(Cl)=O RAAGZOYMEQDCTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUGQQGROXHPINL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxobutanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(Cl)=O GUGQQGROXHPINL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-oxoglutarate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC(=O)C([O-])=O KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZPHSAQLYPIAIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyridinecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CN=C1 GZPHSAQLYPIAIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYIUDFLDFSIXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluorocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(F)(F)CC1 HYIUDFLDFSIXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGKZBAMIYUHSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[2-chloroethyl(nitroso)carbamoyl]amino]cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(NC(=O)N(CCCl)N=O)CC1 VGKZBAMIYUHSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluorobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 BBYDXOIZLAWGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFZDNKRDYPTSTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8,8-trimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2(C)CCC1C2(C)C VFZDNKRDYPTSTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000004611 Abdominal Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011732 Abnormal glucose homeostasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100031786 Adiponectin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076365 Adiponectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002237 B-cell of pancreatic islet Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIXNZXPFXAYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1)C11CNC2(CC2)C1 Chemical compound C(C1)C11CNC2(CC2)C1 UUIXNZXPFXAYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002853 C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011740 C57BL/6 mouse Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSKKSEGDOBXLRJ-QRIDDKLISA-N CC(C)(C(CC1)C(N2C)=O)[C@]1(C)C2=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C(CC1)C(N2C)=O)[C@]1(C)C2=O ZSKKSEGDOBXLRJ-QRIDDKLISA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBKNIHRDLCVHJE-HZMBPMFUSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(N[C@]1(C)C(C)(C)[C@H](CN)CC1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(N[C@]1(C)C(C)(C)[C@H](CN)CC1)=O OBKNIHRDLCVHJE-HZMBPMFUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWPVZBJPERCDOB-QWRGUYRKSA-N CC(C)([C@@](C)(CC1)C(N(C)C2=O)=O)[C@]12N Chemical compound CC(C)([C@@](C)(CC1)C(N(C)C2=O)=O)[C@]12N WWPVZBJPERCDOB-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWLVQWYLALQYJN-MNOVXSKESA-N CC(C)([C@H](CCC[n]1ncnc1)CC1)[C@H]1N Chemical compound CC(C)([C@H](CCC[n]1ncnc1)CC1)[C@H]1N KWLVQWYLALQYJN-MNOVXSKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUGQEHRAOPIWSU-LYXWCMDISA-N CC(C)([C@H](Cc1n[o]c(C2CCCCC2)n1)CC1)[C@@]1(C)NCC(N(C[C@H](C1)F)[C@@H]1C#N)=O Chemical compound CC(C)([C@H](Cc1n[o]c(C2CCCCC2)n1)CC1)[C@@]1(C)NCC(N(C[C@H](C1)F)[C@@H]1C#N)=O MUGQEHRAOPIWSU-LYXWCMDISA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFDCBSPDOKFPCO-QWHCGFSZSA-N CC(C)([C@](C)(CC1)N)[C@@]1(CN(CCCC1)S1(=O)=O)N Chemical compound CC(C)([C@](C)(CC1)N)[C@@]1(CN(CCCC1)S1(=O)=O)N PFDCBSPDOKFPCO-QWHCGFSZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MORLSCQKZAPYFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCS(N(C)C)(=O)=O Chemical compound CCS(N(C)C)(=O)=O MORLSCQKZAPYFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CARNRWUXHCICAW-ZIAGYGMSSA-N CC[C@](C)(CC1)C(C)(C)[C@]1(C(C)=C)C(N)=O Chemical compound CC[C@](C)(CC1)C(C)(C)[C@]1(C(C)=C)C(N)=O CARNRWUXHCICAW-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLVFPAIGVBQGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(CC1)CC1O Chemical compound CN(CC1)CC1O FLVFPAIGVBQGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAUWRHPMUVYFOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(CC1)CCC1O Chemical compound CN(CC1)CCC1O BAUWRHPMUVYFOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN1CCCCC1 Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKDORDPEAGWFOQ-DSFVOBFGSA-N C[C@@H](C[C@H]1C#N)CN1C(CN[C@]1(C)C(C)(C)[C@H](Cc2n[o]c(C(C)(C)C)n2)CC1)=O Chemical compound C[C@@H](C[C@H]1C#N)CN1C(CN[C@]1(C)C(C)(C)[C@H](Cc2n[o]c(C(C)(C)C)n2)CC1)=O GKDORDPEAGWFOQ-DSFVOBFGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGCXHCGUQHIOLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[n]1nccn1 Chemical compound C[n]1nccn1 NGCXHCGUQHIOLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMAFFHIGWTVZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[n]1nnnc1 Chemical compound C[n]1nnnc1 OMAFFHIGWTVZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010007749 Cataract diabetic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010065941 Central obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000007342 Diabetic Nephropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032131 Diabetic Neuropathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012689 Diabetic retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100036968 Dipeptidyl peptidase 8 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036969 Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMXOFBXZEKTJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycinol Natural products C1=C(O)C=C2OCC3(O)C4=CC=C(O)C=C4OC3C2=C1 QMXOFBXZEKTJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007167 Hofmann rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N Hydroxyproline Chemical compound O[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940122199 Insulin secretagogue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N L-cystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CSSC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N L-isoleucine Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-leucine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRQKBLKVPFOOQJ-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-norleucine Chemical compound CCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LRQKBLKVPFOOQJ-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182821 L-proline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-L L-tartrate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leucine Natural products CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005684 Liebig rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010054805 Macroangiopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N N-acetyl-L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(C)=O XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010033645 Pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000801593 Pida Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010036049 Polycystic ovaries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proline Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002727 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100039662 Xaa-Pro dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-MHPPCMCBSA-N [(4r)-7,7-dimethyl-3-oxo-4-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-MHPPCMCBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SORGEQQSQGNZFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [azido(phenoxy)phosphoryl]oxybenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(N=[N+]=[N-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 SORGEQQSQGNZFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006242 amine protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002266 amputation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004653 anthracenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003289 ascorbyl group Chemical class [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DXZDEAJXVCLRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CC=CC=N1 DXZDEAJXVCLRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXQGKOICHGQQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N azido diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(ON=[N+]=[N-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 CXQGKOICHGQQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003328 benzoyl peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000490 cinnamyl group Chemical group C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYRYOLOOOPVOHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane formamide Chemical compound C(=O)N.C1CCCC1 PYRYOLOOOPVOHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000007025 diabetic cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-hydroxyproline Natural products OC1C[NH2+]C(C([O-])=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC=C PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ASCHBOWFKWDVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorobenzene;sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O.FC1=CC=CC=C1 ASCHBOWFKWDVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N formyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=O GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000014101 glucose homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005908 glyceryl ester group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001435 haemodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000717 hydrazino group Chemical group [H]N([*])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006575 hypertriglyceridemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002955 immunomodulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002584 immunomodulator Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121354 immunomodulator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N incretin Chemical class C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000859 incretin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940102223 injectable solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- PCRAJOWHMTYSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.IC1=CC=CC=C1 PCRAJOWHMTYSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRDFRRGEGBBSRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyronitrile Chemical compound CC(C)C#N LRDFRRGEGBBSRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000310 isoleucine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoleucine Natural products CCC(C)C(N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J lead(2+);tetraacetate Chemical compound [Pb+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 108010025964 lipophorin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001708 magnesium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N metachloroperbenzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- FRXRDNNXCCJDNC-VNYQHEISSA-N n'-hydroxyethanimidamide;(1s,3r)-3-methoxycarbonyl-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C\C(N)=N/O.COC(=O)[C@@H]1CC[C@](C)(C(O)=O)C1(C)C FRXRDNNXCCJDNC-VNYQHEISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001736 nosyl group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940054534 ophthalmic solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002997 ophthalmic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005562 phenanthrylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxymethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC1=CC=CC=C1 BOTNYLSAWDQNEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- BIWOSRSKDCZIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-3-ol Chemical compound OC1CCCNC1 BIWOSRSKDCZIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDOWRFHMPULYOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-4-ol Chemical compound OC1CCNCC1 HDOWRFHMPULYOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 201000010065 polycystic ovary syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007715 potassium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004839 potassium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010066823 proline dipeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#C TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108020000494 protein-tyrosine phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JHHZLHWJQPUNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-3-ol Chemical compound OC1CCNC1 JHHZLHWJQPUNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037803 restenosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000003068 rheumatic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019553 satiation Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000276 sedentary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003354 serine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009923 sugaring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003544 thiamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline Natural products O[C@@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl orthoformate Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)OCC GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N vildagliptin Chemical compound C1C(O)(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC32NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001254 vildagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/12—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/16—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
- C07D211/46—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/08—Preparation by ring-closure
- C07D213/09—Preparation by ring-closure involving the use of ammonia, amines, amine salts, or nitriles
- C07D213/12—Preparation by ring-closure involving the use of ammonia, amines, amine salts, or nitriles from unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
公开了新的式(I)化合物,它们的衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、同分异构体、立体异构体、多晶型、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和其前药。这些化合物有效降低血糖、血清胰岛素、游离的脂肪酸、胆甾醇、甘油三酯水平;治疗肥胖症、炎症、自身免疫疾病、例如多发性硬化症、类风湿性关节炎;治疗和/或预防II型糖尿病。这些化合物更特别是二肽基肽酶(DPP IV)抑制剂。
Description
技术领域
公开的是式(I)化合物,它们的衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、立体异构体、多晶型、水合物、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和其前药。
本文也公开了一种制备上述化合物和包含这些化合物的组合物的方法。
这些化合物是二肽基肽酶(DPP-IV)抑制剂并被用于治疗病况,所述病况通过DPP-IV的抑制而被调节或正常化,例如治疗和/或预防II型糖尿病。
本文也公开了一种延迟II型糖尿病发作和减轻II型糖尿病生理学后遗症(consequences)的方法。糖尿病是一种机体不能产生或适当使用胰岛素的疾病。在世界范围内大约150百万人患有糖尿病,到2025年该数量将翻倍。增加人群的大部分将存在于发展中国家和将源于人口增长、老化、不健康的饮食、肥胖和久坐的生活方式。到2025年,发达国家的大部分患有糖尿病的人将是65岁或更年长,在发展中国家大部分患者将是在45-64岁年龄段和在他们生产力最旺盛的时期产生影响。在美国,糖尿病是失明、下肢截肢,和肾衰的主要原因。糖尿病的健康护理费用高,在美国全部预算花费超过$1000亿。2002年印度的糖尿病病例的预算数字是3170万。一份美国糖尿病联合会2004年4月的报告认为到2030年,7940万人将受到糖尿病的影响。目前,全世界大约5%人口患有II型糖尿病。
背景技术
糖尿病是指一种来源于多个影响因子的疾病过程和表征为在空腹状态或在口服葡萄糖耐受试验中给予葡萄糖之后,血浆葡萄糖水平升高或高血糖。持久性或不受控制的高血糖是与升高的和过早发病率和死亡率相关的。一般的,不正常的葡萄糖体内平衡直接和间接与脂类、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白代谢的变化和其它代谢和血流动力学疾病相关。因此II型糖尿病的患者具有特别升高的大血管病变和微血管并发症的风险,包括冠心病、中风、外周血管疾病、高血压、肾病、神经病,和视网膜病。因此,治疗性控制葡萄糖体内平衡、脂质代谢和高血压是在临床管理和治疗糖尿病中最重要的。
糖尿病对人的健康具有严重的影响并伴随着各种并发症。有两种主要类型的糖尿病:I型糖尿病,其特征为由于胰腺细胞的破坏而导致的很少或没有胰岛素分泌能力,和II型糖尿病,其特征为由其它原因引起的胰岛素缺陷和胰岛素抵抗而被表征。在全部糖尿病患者中,II型糖尿病的患病率是90%或更高。
世界范围内II型糖尿病的流行已经刺激了这种无法治愈疾病治疗的新概念和新靶点的研究。最通用的治疗是在缺乏明确的分子靶点下发展的。对发生在NIDDM(非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病)中的生物化学和细胞变化的知识的增加已经导致用于治疗该疾病的新的和潜在更有效治疗途径的进展。脂质代谢、胰岛素和甘油三酯调节作用中的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的作用导致一些PPAR(过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体)激动剂的合理设计。但是,这些药物具有副作用,例如低血糖、体重增加等。因此,存在着发展具有降低副作用的治疗剂的强烈需求,所述治疗剂特别不导致低血糖和体重增加。
另一个靶点是:蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B);糖原合成酶激酶-3(GSK-3);脂联素;拟胰岛素受体和胰高血糖素样多肽1(GLP-1)。
丝氨酸蛋白酶DPP-IV是促胰岛素激素GLP-1(胰高血糖素样多肽1)的快速分解的原因。DPP-IV抑制作用导致GLP-1循环水平的升高,因此改善了II型糖尿病患者的胰岛素分泌。增强的GLP-1水平的其它生理学效果,例如减少肝葡萄糖的输出,延迟的胃排空和可能的增加的胰岛素敏感性以及保护胰腺β细胞功能,被认为是产生有益效果的(Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry,2007,7,579-595)。有利的是,由于仅当消耗食物时肠降血糖素才由身体所产生,不预期DPP-IV抑制作用在不恰当的时间增加胰岛素的水平,例如两餐之间,这可以导致超低的血糖(低血糖症)。因此预期DPP-IV的抑制增加胰岛素而没有增加低血糖症的风险,其是与胰岛素促分泌素的使用相关的危险的副作用。
是二肽基肽酶-IV(“DPP-4”)酶的抑制剂并被证实是治疗糖尿病、特别是II型糖尿病的药物的化合物,是Merck的西他列汀和Novartis的维达列汀。目前,很多候选分子,作为DPP-IV抑制剂已经被用于临床试验。大量研发DPP-IV抑制剂的研究已经集中于其中氰基键合至吡咯烷环的分子(Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry,2007,7,579-595)。这些DPP-IV抑制剂的代表性实例被引用在WO9819998、WO00/34241、WO04/064778、WO03/004498和WO03/082817中。
WO 2005/075426公开了通式(A)化合物,
其中Y是-S(O)m、-CH2-、CHF或-CF2;X是NR3、O或S(O)m;m是0、1或2;碳环中的虚线[---]表示任选的双键(即,单键或双键);R1是经取代的或未经取代的芳基,经取代的或未经取代的芳基烷基,经取代的或未经取代的杂芳基、经取代的或未经取代的杂环环,经取代的或未经取代的杂环基烷基,或者经取代的或未经取代的杂环芳基烷基;R2为氢、腈(-CN)、COOH或羧酸的电子等排物,其包括,但不限于,SO3H、CONHOH、B(OH)2、PO3R4R5、SO2NR4R5、四唑、酰胺、酯和酸酐;
WO 2006/040625公开了式(B)化合物,
其中Y是-S(O)n、-CH2-、CHF或-CF2;n是0、1或2;X是键、C1-C5烷基(例如,-CH2-)或-C(=O)-;碳环中的虚线[----]表示任选的双键;R1是经取代的或未经取代的环烷基、经取代的或未经取代的环烷基烷基、经取代的或未经取代的环烯基、经取代的或未经取代的芳基、经取代的或未经取代的芳基烷基、经取代的或未经取代的杂芳基、经取代的或未经取代的杂环环、经取代的或未经取代的杂环基烷基、经取代的或未经取代的杂芳基烷基、-CN、-COOR3、CONR3R4、-OR3、-NR3R4或NR3COR3;R2为氢、氰基、COOH或羧酸的电子等排物(例如SO3H、CONOH、B(OH)2、PO3R3R4、SO2NR3R4、四唑、-COOR3、-CONR3R4、NR3COR4或-COOCOR3)。
WO 2007/113634公开了式(C)化合物,
其中X=CH2、CHF、CF2、CHCl、CHOH、CHOCH3、NH、NCOCH3、CHPh、O或S,Y=CN;R1和R5选自氢、C1-4烷基和羟基,R2选自氢、C1-C4烷基、经取代的烷基、C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基、C1-4羟基烷基、R5NHC1-4烷基、和R5NHC(NH)NHC1-4烷基,R3选自氢和C1-C4烷基,R4选自氢、C1-4烷基、经取代的烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷酰基氧基、羟基、氨基、硝基、C2-C6烯基、酰基和卤素,n=1或2,m=0、1或2,R是如该专利中所限定的。
WO 2005095339公开了式(D)化合物,
其中R是R1-X-Y-(CH2)m-或R1-X-Y-(CH2)n(C(CH3)2)-、(C3-C12)环烷基,任选地独立被1至3个羟基、三氟甲基、氰基、(C1-C3)羟基烷基、(C1-C8)烷基或R1-X-Y-(CH2)p-所取代,其中p是0、1、2或3;R1是杂环基(C0-C8)烷基。X是键、-O-、-S-、-CO-。Y是键或NR2。
目的
尽管DPP IV抑制剂(例如西他列汀和维达列汀)被证实为药物和许多更多的抑制剂在研发的不同阶段,仍然存在对新化合物的需求,所述化合物对包括静止细胞脯氨酸二肽酶(QPP)、DPP8,和DPP9的丝氨酸肽酶家族的其它成员有选择性(G.Lankas等人,“DipeptidylPeptidase-IV Inhibition for the Treatment of Type II Diabetes”Diabetes,2005,54,2988-2994)。
为了开发新的DPP IV抑制剂,其用于在II型糖尿病中降低血糖、游离脂肪酸、胆甾醇和甘油三酯水平,治疗食物摄取障碍(Scand.J.Immunol.,1999,50,536-540)和治疗自身免疫性疾病、例如多发性硬化和风湿性关节炎,我们集中研究于开发有效的、稳定的和选择性的新DPP IV抑制剂;在该方向的努力已经产生了通式(I)的化合物。
主要的目的是提供新的DPP IV抑制剂和它们的药学上可接受的盐,其适用于治疗与胰岛素抵抗相关的障碍、例如高血糖症、低葡萄糖耐受、胰岛素抵抗(European Journal of Pharmacology,2008,588,325-332;European Journal of Pharmacology,2000,404,239-245)、肥胖症(69th scientific session ADA Abstract No:543-P,2009)、脂质障碍(Diabetes.Vasc.Dis.Res.,2006,3,159-65)、血脂异常、高脂血症、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、低HDL水平、高LDL水平、动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉疾病、外周血管疾病[Clin.Res.Cardiol.,2009,98,75-79],及其后遗症、血管再狭窄、胰腺炎、腹部肥胖(69th scientific session,ADA,Abs No:543-P,2009)、非酒精性脂肪肝疾病(Med.Sci. Monit.,2009,15(4):HY1-5)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(Med Sci Monit,2009,15(4):HY1-5)、X综合征、多囊卵巢综合征和其中胰岛素抵抗是其成分的其它障碍。
又另一个目的是提供新的DPP IV抑制剂和它们的药学上可接受的盐,其也适用于治疗糖尿病并发症(“Effects of Vildagliptin twicedaily vs.Sitagliptin once daily on 24-hour acute glucosefluctuations”Journal of Diabetes and Complications,2009,Article inPress)例如糖尿病性视网膜病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性白内障等。
本文的另一个目的是提供新的DPP IV抑制剂和它们的药学上可接受的盐,其也适用于治疗肠易激综合征、炎性肠病、包括克罗恩氏病和溃疡性结肠炎、其它炎症性病症(Trends in PharmacologicalSciences,2009,30,600-607)、神经变性疾病认知障碍、抗焦虑药、镇痛药(WO2009/0017015,US 7132104)、免疫调节剂(69th scientificsession ADA,Abstract No:1948-P,2009)、创伤治愈(69th scientificsession ADA,Abstract No:596-P,2009)。
本文的另一个目的是提供新的DPP IV抑制剂和它们的药学上可接受的盐,其具有增强活性,没有毒性作用或具有减低的毒性作用。
因为由于形成非活性的哌嗪二酮,大多数氰基吡咯烷类的DPPIV抑制剂与内在的化学不稳定性相关(Current Topics in MedicinalChemistry,2005,5,1623-1637),我们的目的之一是提供新的DPPIV抑制剂,其避免这类由于非活性哌嗪二酮的形成而引起的内在的化学不稳定性。
本文的再另一个目的是提供一种制备新的式(I)DPP IV抑制剂和它们的药学上可接受的盐的方法。
发明概述
公开的是式(I)化合物,
它们的衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、立体异构体、多晶型、水合物、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和其前药;其中Y表示-O-、-S(O)p-、-CH2-、-CHOH-、-CHF-或-CF2-;m、n和p是整数且独立地选自0、1或2;X表示键、C1-C5亚烷基(例如,-CH2-)或-C(=O)-;
R1表示氢,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环烷基、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、杂芳基烯基、杂芳基炔基、-N3、-S(O)pR10、-NR10S(O)pR11、-CN、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-OR10、-NR10R11或-NR10COR11或选自以下的基团:
其中R12表示氢或经取代的或未经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基、酰基、羟基烷基、卤代烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环基烷基、杂环烷基、杂芳基烷基、羧酸或羧酸衍生物,所述衍生物选自酯、酰胺、酰卤、异羟肟酸、异羟肟酸盐和异羟肟酸酯。
R2、R3和R4独立表示氢、羟基、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基、氰基、羟基烷基、烷氧基、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、苯基-S(O)p-烷基、氨基、-NR10R11或苯基烷基,其中所述苯基任选独立地经一个或多个烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氰基、卤素、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、-CO2烷基、-COOH、-CONH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、羟基、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基取代或R2和R4可以组合在一起以形成具有0-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子的任选经取代的4-10元环;
R5选自氢和任选地经取代的烷基基团;
R6选自氢,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基烷基、羟基烷基、氨基、R9NH烷基和R9NHC(NH)NH烷基;
R7和R9选自氢、烷基和羟基;
R8为氢、-CN、-COOH或羧酸的电子等排物(例如-SO3H、-B(OH)2、-PO3R10R11、-SO2NR10R11、-四唑、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-NR10COR11或-COOCOR10);且
R10和R11可以是相同的或不同的且独立地是氢、硝基、羟基、氰基、甲酰基、乙酰基、卤素,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自氨基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环环、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、羧酸或羧酸衍生物,所述衍生物选自酯、酰胺、酰卤、异羟肟酸、异羟肟酸盐和异羟肟酸酯。
详细公开
公开的是式(I)化合物,
它们的衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、立体异构体、多晶型、水合物、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和其前药;
其中Y表示-O-、-S(O)p-、-CH2-、-CHOH-、-CHF-或-CF2-;
m、n和p是整数且独立地选自0、1或2;
X表示键、C1-C5亚烷基链(例如,-CH2-)或-C(=O)-;
R1表示氢,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、杂芳基、杂环环、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、杂芳基烯基、杂芳基炔基、-N3、-S(O)pR10、-NR10S(O)pR11、-CN、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-OR10、-NR10R11或-NR10COR11或选自以下的基团:
其中R12表示氢或经取代的或未经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基、酰基、羟基烷基、卤代烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环基烷基、杂环烷基、杂芳基烷基或羧酸或羧酸衍生物,所述衍生物选自酯、酰胺、酰卤、异羟肟酸、异羟肟酸盐和异羟肟酸酯。
R2、R3和R4独立表示氢、羟基、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基、氰基、羟基烷基、烷氧基、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、苯基-S(O)P-烷基、氨基、-NR10R11或苯基烷基,其中所述苯基任选独立地被1个或更多个烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氰基、卤素、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、-CO2烷基、-COOH、-CONH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、羟基、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基所取代,或R2和R4可以共同组合以形成任选地经取代的具有0-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子的4-10元环;非限制性实例包括:
R5选自氢和任选地经取代的烷基基团;
R6选自氢,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基烷基、羟基烷基、氨基、R9NH烷基和R9NHC(NH)NH烷基;
R7和R9选自氢、烷基和羟基;
R8为氢、-CN、-COOH或羧酸的电子等排物(例如-SO3H、-B(OH)2、-PO3R10R11、-SO2NR10R11、-四唑、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-NR10COR11或-COOCOR10);
R10和R11可以是相同的或不同的且独立是氢、硝基、羟基、氰基、甲酰基、乙酰基、卤素,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自氨基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环烷基、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基或羧酸或其衍生物。
在本文中所使用的术语“经取代的”意指采用下列取代基的任何一个或任何组合的取代:卤素,例如氟、氯、溴和碘;羟基;硝基;氰基;氧代(=O);硫代(=S);叠氮基;亚硝基;氨基;肼基;甲酰基;烷基;烷氧基;芳基;卤代烷基基团,例如三氟甲基、三溴甲基、三氯甲基等;卤代烷氧基基团例如-OCH2Cl、-OCHF2、-OCF3等;芳基烷氧基基团,例如苄氧基、苯乙氧基等;环烷基;-O-环烷基;杂环基;杂芳基;烷基氨基;-O-CH2-环烷基;-COORa;-C(O)Rb;-C(S)Ra;-C(O)NRaRb;-NRaC(O)NRbRc;-N(Ra)SORb;-N(Ra)SO2Rb;-NRaC(O)ORb;-NRaRb;-NRaC(O)Rb;-NRaC(S)Rb;-SONRaRb;-SO2NRaRb;-ORa;-ORaC(O)ORb;-OC(O)NRaRb;一OC(O)Ra;-RaNRbRc;-RaORb;-SRa;-SORa和-SO2Ra;Ra、Rb和Rc各独立地表示氢原子;经取代的或未经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基;亚烷基;芳基;芳基烷基;环烷基;杂环基;杂芳基和杂芳基烷基和Ra、Rb和Rc也组合在一起以形成具有0-2个杂原子的3-7元环。所述取代基可以是任选地进一步经取代的。
术语“烷基”意指直链或支链的脂族烃基团,其具有特定数量的碳原子,所述碳原子是通过该单个原子连接于分子的其它部分。优选的烷基基团包括,不限于,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基等。
术语“亚烷基”意指-(CH2)n-,其中n表示整数。亚烷基基团的非限制性实例包括-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH2-等。
术语“羟基烷基”意指如上述所定义的烷基基团,其中1个或更多个烷基基团的氢已经被-OH基团所替代。羟基烷基基团的非限制性实例包括-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH、-CH2CH2CH2OH等。
术语“芳基”意指具有6至14个碳原子的芳香族残基,其可以任选地被一个或多个取代基所取代。优选的芳基基团包括,不限于,苯基、萘基、茚满基、联苯基等。经取代的或未经取代的亚芳香基基团例如亚苯基、亚联苯基、亚萘基、亚蒽基、亚菲基、亚茚满基等。
术语“芳基烷基”意指直接键合烷基基团的芳基基团,其可以任选地被1个或更多个取代基所取代。优选的芳基烷基基团包括,不限于,-CH2C6H5、-C2H4C6H5等。
术语“杂环基”意指稳定的3至15元环残基,其由碳原子和1至5个选自氮、磷、氧和硫的杂原子所组成。为了本发明的目的,该杂环环残基可以是单环的、二环的或三环的环系统且杂环环残基中的氮、磷、碳、氧或硫原子可以任选地被氧化成不同氧化状态。另外,氮原子可以任选地被季铵化且环残基可以是部分或全部饱和的。优选的杂环基基团包括,不限于,氮杂环丁烷基、吖啶基、苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并二烷基、苯并呋喃基、咔唑基、噌啉基、二氧杂环戊基、吲嗪基、萘啶基、全氢氮杂基(perhydroazepinyl)、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩嗪基、酞嗪基、吡啶基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四唑基、咪唑基、四氢异喹啉基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、高哌嗪基(homopiperazinyl)、2-氧代氮杂基、氮杂基、吡咯基、4-哌啶酮基、吡咯烷基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、唑基、唑啉基、二唑基、三唑基、茚满基、异唑基、异唑烷基、噻唑基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、异噻唑基、异噻唑烷基1,1-二氧化物(dioxide)、奎宁环基、异噻唑烷基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、二氢吲哚基、异二氢吲哚基、八氢吲哚基、八氢异吲哚基、十氢异喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、噻二唑基、苯并吡喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并唑基、噻吩基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、硫吗啉基亚砜、呋喃基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、色满基、异色满基、氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷、3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛酮、3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮和3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷。该杂环基环残基可以通过导致产生稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子连接于主要结构。
术语“杂芳基”是指如上述所定义的芳香族的杂环环残基。该杂环基环残基可以通过导致产生稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子连接于主要结构。术语“杂环烷基”是指如上述所定义的杂环环残基。该杂环烷基环残基可以通过导致产生稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子连接于主要结构。
术语“杂芳基烷基”是指直接键合烷基基团的如上述所定义的杂芳基环残基。该杂芳基烷基残基可以通过烷基基团上的任何碳原子与主要结构相连接。
术语“杂环基烷基”是指直接键合烷基基团的如上述所定义的杂环基环残基。该杂芳基烷基残基可以通过烷基基团上的任何碳原子与主要结构相连接。
术语“环烷基”是指非芳香族的约3至12个碳原子的单环或多环的环系统。优选的环烷基基团包括,不限于,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环辛基等;优选的多环环包括,不限于,全氢萘基、金刚烷基和降冰片基(norbornyl)基团,桥连的环状基团或螺二环基团例如螺[4.4]-壬-2-基等。
术语“烯基”是指含有碳-碳双键的脂族烃基,其可以是具有约2至10个碳原子的直链或支链,其可以任选地被1个或更多个取代基所取代。优选的烯基基团包括,不限于,乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、异丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基等。
术语“芳基烯基”是指直接键合烯基基团的芳香族的环残基。该芳基残基可以通过烯基基团的任何碳原子连接于主要结构。优选的芳基烯基基团包括,不限于,苯乙烯基、苯丙烯基等。
术语“杂芳基烯基”是指直接键合烯基基团的杂芳基环残基。该杂芳基残基可以通过烯基基团的任何碳原子连接于主要结构。优选的杂芳基烯基基团包括,不限于,噻吩基丙烯基、吡啶基乙烯基和吲哚基丙烯基。
术语“烷硫基”是指通过硫连接与分子的其它部分结合的烷基基团,其可以任选地被一个或多个取代基所取代。优选的烷硫基基团包括,不限于,-SCH3、-SC2H5等。
术语“烷氧基”是指通过氧连接与分子的其它部分结合的烷基基团。优选的烷氧基基团包括,不限于,-OCH3、-OC2H5等。
术语“芳氧基”是指通过氧连接与分子的其它部分结合的芳基基团。优选的芳氧基基团包括,不限于,-O-苯基、-O-联苯基等。
术语“烷基氨基”是指通过氨基连接与分子的其它部分结合的如上述所定义的烷基基团。优选的烷基氨基基团包括,不限于,-NHCH3、-N(CH3)2等。
术语“炔基”是指具有至少一个碳-碳三键的和具有2-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烃基残基。优选的炔基基团包括,不限于,乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基等。
术语“芳基炔基”是指直接键合炔基基团的芳香族的环残基。该芳基残基可以通过炔基基团的任何碳原子连接于主要结构。
术语“杂芳基炔基”是指直接键合炔基基团的杂芳基残基。该杂芳基残基可以通过炔基基团的任何碳原子连接于主要结构。
术语“环”是指经取代的或未经取代的单环或多环,饱和的或部分饱和的或芳香族的含有0至4个选自O、S或N的杂原子。
术语“类似物”是指一组化合物,它们与母结构的区别在于1个或更多个C、O、S或N原子。例如,母结构中的一个N原子被氧所替代的化合物是前者的类似物。
术语“衍生物”是指化合物或分子,其是由母化合物通过1种或多种化学反应而制备,例如,通过氧化反应、氢化反应、烷化反应、酯化反应、卤化反应等。
通常的类似物或衍生物包括显示出等效或改善的生物学上有用的和相应功能的分子,但是其在结构上与母体化合物不同。
术语“代谢产物”是指式(I)化合物通过一种或多种新陈代谢过程的降解产物,其发挥所期望的生物学活性。
“互变异构体”被定义为化合物,其经历从化合物的一个原子到化合物的另一个原子的快速质子转移。本文所描述的某些化合物可能存在互变异构体,其具有不同的氢的连接点。单独的互变异构体以及其混合物均包含于式(I)的化合物中。
此外,式(I)化合物可以是其衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、立体异构体、几何异构体、旋转异构体(rotomer)、多晶型、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和前药。
可以被理解的是,包含在式(I)化合物家族中的异构体形式包括互变异构体和立体异构体(非对映立体异构体,对映异构体和“E”或“Z”构型异构体或E和Z异构体的混合物形式的几何异构体)。也可以被理解的是,某些异构体的形式(例如非对映立体异构体、对映异构体和几何异构体)可以由物理和/或化学方法和由那些本领域技术人员分离。
本文所公开的化合物可能作为单一立体异构体、外消旋体和或对映异构体和或/非对映异构体的混合物存在。所有这类单一立体异构体、外消旋体和其混合物均被认为在本发明公开的主题范围之内。
所公开的活性化合物也可以制备成任何固态或液态物理形式,例如化合物可以是晶体形式、无定形形式(不同的多晶型)和具有一定的粒径。此外,化合物颗粒可以是微粉化的或纳米化的、或结块化的、颗粒颗粒剂、粉剂、油类、油性悬浮液或任何其它固态或液态物理形式。
术语“保护基团”或“PG”是指取代基,其阻断或保护特定的官能团,而允许化合物的其它官能团进行反应。例如,“氨基-保护基团”是连接至氨基基团的取代基,其阻断或保护化合物中的氨基官能团。适合的氨基-保护基团包括,但不限于,乙酰基、三氟乙酰基、叔丁氧基羰基(Boc)、苄氧基羰基(CBz)和9-芴甲氧羰基(Fmoc)。类似地,“羟基-保护基团”是指羟基基团的取代基,其阻断或保护羟基官能团。适合的羟基-保护基团包括,但不限于,乙酰基和甲硅烷基。“羧基-保护基团”是指羧基基团的取代基,其阻断或保护羧基官能团。适合的羧基-保护基团包括,但不限于,-CH2CH2SO2Ph、氰乙基、2-(三甲硅基)乙基、2-(三甲硅基)乙氧基甲基、2-(对甲苯磺酰基)乙基、2-(对硝基苯硫基(sulfenyl))乙基、2-(二苯基膦基)乙基、硝基乙基等。
术语状态,障碍或病况的“治疗”或“治疗”包括:(1)预防或延迟在受试者中发展的状态、障碍或病况的一种或多种临床症状的显现,所述受试者可以患有或易患有所述状态、障碍或病况但是没有经历或显示状态、障碍或病况的临床或亚临床症状;(2)抑制状态、障碍或病况,即,阻止或减少疾病的进展或其至少一种临床或亚临床症状;或(3)减轻疾病,即,引起状态、障碍或病况或它们的临床或亚临床症状中的至少1种的消退。
被治疗的受试者的益处是统计性显著的或至少受试者可认知到的或医师可认知到的。术语“受试者”包括哺乳动物(特别是人类)和其它动物,例如家畜(例如,家庭宠物,包括猫和狗)和非家畜(例如野生动物)。
“治疗有效量”是指化合物的量,当给予受试者用于治疗状态、障碍或病况时,是足以实现这类治疗的。该“治疗有效量”将依赖于化合物、疾病及其严重性和被治疗的受试者的年龄、体重、身体状况和应答性而变化。
本发明的药学上可接受的盐形成部分包括从例如Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn和Mn的无机碱衍生的盐,有机碱(例如N,N′-二乙酰基乙二胺、葡萄糖胺、三乙胺、胆碱、氢氧化物、二环己基胺、二甲双胍、苄胺、三烷基胺,和硫胺)的盐,手性碱(例如烷基苯基胺、甘氨醇和苯基甘氨醇)的盐,天然氨基酸(例如甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、正亮氨酸、酪氨酸、胱氨酸、半胱氨酸、甲硫氨酸、脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸、组氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸和丝氨酸)的盐,非天然氨基酸(例如D-异构体或经取代的氨基酸)的盐、胍的盐、经取代的胍的盐,其中所述取代基选自硝基、氨基、烷基、烯基或炔基、铵盐、经取代的铵盐,和铝盐。其它的药学上可接受的盐包括酸加成盐,其中适合的例如硫酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、高氯酸盐、硼酸盐、盐酸盐,和醋酸盐例如三氟乙酸盐、酒石酸盐、马来酸盐、柠檬酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、扑酸盐、甲磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、甘油磷酸酯,和酮戊二酸盐。另外其它的药学上可接受的盐包括,但不限于,本发明化合物采用烷基卤化物或烷基硫酸酯(例如MeI或(Me)2SO4)的季铵盐。优选的本发明化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括,但不限于,盐酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐、2-氧代戊二酸、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯磺酸盐,和萘-1,5-二磺酸。
药学上可接受的溶剂合物包括水合物和其它溶剂的结晶,例如醇类。本发明的化合物可以通过标准的低分子量溶剂,使用本领域已知的方法从而形成溶剂合物。
本发明的药物组合物含有至少一种本发明的化合物和药学上可接受的的赋形剂、例如药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。例如,本发明的化合物可以和药学上可接受的的赋形剂(例如载体或稀释剂)结合或是被载体稀释的,或被包含在载体内,其可以为安瓿、胶囊、小药囊、纸或其它容器的形式。当载体作为稀释剂时,它可以是固体、半固体或液体物质,其作为活性化合物的媒介物、赋形剂或介质。该活性化合物可以被吸附到颗粒固体容器中,例如,在小药囊中。
该载体或稀释剂可以包括持续的释放物质,例如甘油基单硬脂酸酯或甘油基二硬脂酸酯,其为单独的或与蜡混合的形式。药物组合物也可以包括一种或多种药学上可接受的助剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、抗沉降剂、防腐剂、影响渗透压的盐、缓冲剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、着色剂或前述物质的任何组合。本发明的药物组合物可以通过应用本领域已知的方法被配制以在对受试者给药后提供活性成分的快速的、持续的或延迟的释放。
适合的载体实例包括,但不限于,水、盐溶液、醇类、聚乙二醇、多羟乙氧基蓖麻油、花生油、橄榄油、明胶、乳糖、白陶土、蔗糖、糊精、碳酸镁、糖、环糊精、直链淀粉、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、明胶、琼脂、果胶、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸或纤维素的低级烷基醚类、硅酸、脂肪酸、脂肪酸胺类、脂肪酸单甘油酯和二甘油酯、季戊四醇脂肪酸酯类、聚氧乙烯、羟甲基纤维素和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
药物组合物可以是是常规的剂型,例如胶囊、片剂、软的或硬的明胶、含有粉末或微丸形式的活性成分的糖衣丸剂、含片和锭剂、气雾剂、溶液剂、混悬剂或局部应用的产品。含有滑石粉和/或碳水化合物载体或粘合剂等的片剂、糖衣丸剂或胶囊是特别适合口服应用的。
给药途径可以是任何途径,其可以有效转运本发明活性化合物至适当的或期望的作用位点,所述化合物可以抑制DPP-IV的酶促活性。适合的给药途径包括,但不限于,口服、鼻、肺部、口腔、表皮下、皮内、透皮、肠胃外、直肠、贮库、皮下、静脉内、尿道内、肌肉内、鼻内、眼部(例如使用眼用溶液)或局部给药例如使用局部软膏剂。口服途径是优选的。
片剂、糖衣丸剂或胶囊的优选载体包括乳糖、玉米淀粉和/或马铃薯淀粉。在加糖的赋形剂可以被应用的情况下,糖浆剂或酏剂可以被使用。
液体制剂包括,但不限于,糖浆剂、乳剂、软的明胶和无菌的可注射的液体,例如水性的或非水性液体混悬剂或溶液。
对于肠胃外应用,特别适合的是可注射的溶液或混悬剂,优选采用活性化合物溶于多羟基蓖麻油中的水性的溶液。
本文也公开了一种治疗病况的方法,在受试者中采用给予治疗有效量的本发明的化合物或药物组合物通过DPP-IV抑制作用而使所述病况被调节或正常化,。
本文也公开了一种方法:所述方法用于在受试者中通过给予治疗有效量的式(I)化合物的药物组合物治疗代谢障碍、降低血糖,治疗II型糖尿病,治疗葡萄糖耐受不良(IGT),治疗空腹血糖调节受损(impaired glucose tolerance)(IFG),预防或治疗高血糖,延迟葡萄糖耐受不良(IGT)发展成II型糖尿病,延迟非胰岛素需求的II型糖尿病到胰岛素需求II型糖尿病的进展,增加β细胞的数量和/或尺寸,预防或治疗β细胞变性,例如β细胞的程序性细胞死亡,治疗食物摄取障碍,治疗肥胖症,调节食欲或诱导饱满感,治疗血脂异常、高胆固醇血症或糖尿病并发症,其包括中风、冠状动脉疾病、高血压、外周血管疾病、神经病、视网膜病、非酒精性脂肪肝疾病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎,治疗功能性消化不良,例如肠易激综合征,治疗和/或预防选自糖尿病、非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病、葡萄糖耐受不良、炎性肠疾病、疼痛、伤口愈合、溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩氏病、肥胖症、代谢综合征、神经变性疾病、认知障碍和抗焦虑性疾病(anxiolytic disease)的疾病。
式(I)化合物可以被给予至哺乳动物,特别是需要上述所提及的各种疾病的这类治疗、预防、消除、减轻或改善的人,所述疾病例如,II型糖尿病、IGT、IFG、肥胖症、食欲调整或作为血糖降低药物。
式(I)化合物在制备治疗上述所述疾病的药物中的用途。
式(I)化合物是在一个广泛的剂量范围内有效的。在用于患者的方案的选择中,可能常常是必需的是,从较高的剂量起始和当病况在可控制时降低剂量。实际的剂量将取决于给药的方式、期望的治疗、给药的形式、所治疗的受试者和所治疗的受试者的体重。
本文也公开了本发明化合物的前药,其在给药后在变为药理学活性物质之前通过代谢过程经历化学转化。通常,这类前药是本发明化合物的功能性衍生物,其在体内易于转化为式(I)化合物。
本文的公开也包含式(I)化合物的活性代谢产物。
术语一旦被描述,贯穿于整个专利中对其应用相同的含义。
代表性的化合物包括:
1.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
2.(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
3.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
4.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
5.(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
6.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
7.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
8.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
9.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
10.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
11.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
12.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
13.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
14.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
15.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
16.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
17.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺;
18.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺;
19.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺;
20.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺;
21.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺;
22.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺;
23.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺;
24.6-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈(nicotinonitrile);
25.6-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈;
26.2-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈;
27.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基氨基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
28.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
29.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
30.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代-1,2-噻嗪烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
31.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
32.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
33.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
34.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
35.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈二甲磺酸盐;
36.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
37.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
38.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-(((R)-3-羟吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
39.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
40.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
41.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-羟基哌啶-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
42.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
43.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
44.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
45.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
46.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
47.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
51.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(3-甲基-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
53.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3R)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
54.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-甲基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
56.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
58.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-叔丁基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
62.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-(4-氟苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
63.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(吡啶-4-基)-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
68.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-(3-(吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
75.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-2,4-二氧代-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
76.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
77.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
78.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
79.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
80.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
81.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
82.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,5S)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;和
83.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-(3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈。
根据本发明的另一个特征,提供一种制备式(I)化合物的方法,其中所有的其它符号如之前所定义的,所述方法如方案-I中显示
方案-I
其中;L表示适合的离去基团,所述基团选自氯离子(chloro)、溴离子(bromo)、碘离子(iodo)、甲苯磺酸根、甲磺酸根、三氟甲磺酸根和类似的离去基团;PG表示氢或保护基团,例如乙酰基、三氟乙酰基、Fmoc、芳基磺酰基、硝基苯磺酰基(nosyl)、甲苯磺酰基、-Boc或-CBz;m=1和所有的其它符号与上述所定义的相同。
使用本文所描述的方法,进行上述概括的方法中所公开的反应:
式(II)化合物与式(III)化合物在碱存在的条件下,在溶剂中偶联,从而得到式(I)化合物,所述溶剂选自甲苯,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),四氢呋喃(THF),乙腈,乙酸乙酯,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,二甲基亚砜(DMSO),二氯乙烷,氯仿或它们的混合物,所述碱例如三乙胺、吡啶、二异丙基乙胺、4-二甲氨基吡啶、碱金属的氢氧化物、例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碱土金属氢氧化物、碱金属的碳酸盐、例如碳酸铯等,和碘化钾或碘化钠。反应是在从室温到回流温度的温度范围内进行的,主要是0℃-100℃。
通过在Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2003,46,2774-2789;Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry,2008,16,4093-4106;WO2007/113634;WO2003/002553和WO98/19998所已知的方法可以制备式(III)化合物。
通过在方案(II-IX)中所总结的下列反应顺序可以制备式(II)化合物。
方案II:
方案II所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:樟脑酸(Ia)的单酯化通过在环境温度下通入无水氯化氢至樟脑酸的醇溶液中进行,获得(Ib)。
步骤IIa:式(Ib)的羧酸官能团被转化为式(Ic)的胺官能团,这通过本领域已知的常规方法进行。例如,在如二氯甲烷、甲苯、四氢呋喃、氯仿或它们混合物的溶剂中使用草酰氯或亚硫酰氯,首先转化酸为酰氯。该反应是在从0℃至回流温度的温度范围内进行的,主要是0-100℃。在例如乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷或氨水的有机溶剂中用氨处理该酰氯以提供酰胺。酰胺在常规的霍夫曼条件下被转化为胺。胺也可以通过二(三氟乙酸)碘苯(PIFA)或二乙酸碘苯(PIDA)-促进的酰胺的霍夫曼重排被制备。
可代替地,酸可以,通过在酸性条件下,在如二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙腈的溶剂中,在30-50℃温度范围内,用如NaN3或叠氮基磷酸二苯酯(DPPA)的叠氮化物处理,而被转化为胺。
步骤IIb:如此形成的胺被常规的胺保护基团(如Boc、CBz、Fmoc等)保护。
可代替地,通过酰胺与四乙酸铅在t-BuOH中的氧化重排,如J.Org.Chem.,1975,40,3354所公开的,Boc保护的式(Ic)的胺被制备。
步骤III:在如THF、醚或其混合物的惰性溶剂中,在0℃-70℃温度范围内使用适合的还原剂(例如LiAlH4、NaBH4和DIBAL-H的式(Ic)化合物的还原提供式(Id)的醇。
方案III:
方案III所概述的方法中的反应通过下列步骤被公开
步骤I:在例如三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺、吡啶、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷的有机碱存在的情况下,在例如DCM、四氢呋喃(THF)、CHCl3或类似物的惰性溶剂中,在约0℃-10℃,通过经甲磺酰化作用、甲苯磺酰化作用或卤化作用转化式(Id)化合物的羟基基团为离去基团L,式(Ie)化合物被制备。
步骤IIa:在选自甲苯、DMF、四氢呋喃、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、DMSO、二氯乙烷、氯仿或其混合物的溶剂中,在例如三乙胺、吡啶、二异丙基乙胺、4-二甲基氨基吡啶、碱金属的氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾)、碱土金属金属氢氧化物、碱金属的碳酸盐(例如,碳酸钾、碳酸铯等)的碱存在的条件下,式(Ie)化合物与式R1H化合物的偶联获得式(II-1)化合物,以得到式(II-1)化合物(R1如之前所定义的)。该反应在从0℃至回流温度的温度范围内进行,主要是0-150℃。
步骤IIb:式(II-1)化合物的胺的脱保护,其中PG是提供式(II-1)化合物的保护基团,其中PG为氢,所述化合物为其盐或游离碱形式。脱保护可以如下进行,通过使用酸(例如盐酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸)的本领域已知的常规方法或通过使用催化剂(例如Pd/C、Rh/C、Pt/C,兰尼镍)的氢化反应,在例如二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、水等或其混合物的溶剂存在的条件下,在-10℃至50℃的温度下。
步骤IIIa:叠氮化反应通过式(Ie)化合物与叠氮化钠在50-90℃于溶剂中反应而进行,所述溶剂选自甲苯,DMF,二甲基乙酰胺(DMA),四氢呋喃,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,DMSO或其混合物。
步骤IIIb:所形成的叠氮化合物如下被还原为式(If)的胺,通过氢化反应,使用例如Pd/C、Rh/C、Pt/C、兰尼镍的催化剂,在例如二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、水等或其混合物的溶剂存在的条件下,在0℃至50℃的温度。
步骤IVa:在例如三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,吡啶、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷的有机碱存在的条件下,在例如DCM、THF、CHCl3等的惰性溶剂中,在约0-10℃条件下,步骤IIIb中所制备的胺与X1-(CH2)nY1X1反应,其中X1是选自F、Cl、Br和I的卤素;Y1是SO2或CO,接着在例如NaOH、KOH、LiOH、甲醇钠、乙醇钠的碱存在的条件下,在例如甲醇、乙醇的溶剂中进行环化反应获得式(II-2)化合物,其中PG表示保护基团。
步骤IVb:胺脱保护类似于步骤IIb进行,以提供盐或游离碱形式的式(II-2)化合物。
步骤V:在例如DMF的非质子溶剂存在的条件下,式(Ie)化合物在80-100℃用如NaCN、KCN、CuCN的氰化试剂处理,以提供式(Ig)化合物。
步骤VI:式(Ig)化合物用羟胺(50%水溶液)处理以获得氨肟,其与适当的酸偶联,接着在酸性条件下进行环化反应以提供式(II-3)化合物,其中PG表示保护基团。胺的脱保护类似于步骤IIb进行,以提供式(II-3)化合物的盐或游离碱形式。
式(II-1)、(II-2)和(II-3)的化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案IV:
方案IV所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:如在方案II胺化作用步骤所公开的式(Ih)化合物的胺化作用,提供式(II-4)化合物。根据Liebigs Ann.1996,1941-1948中所公开的方法式(Ih)化合物被制备。
步骤II:通过常规的胺保护基团(如Boc、Cbz、Fmoc、乙酰基、苯甲酰基,和苄基等)步骤I所形成的胺被保护以获得式(Ii)化合物。该反应可以如下进行,在如三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基-乙胺,吡啶、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷的有机碱存在的条件下,在例如DCM、THF、CHCl3等的惰性溶剂中,在0℃-50℃的温度。
步骤III:通过使用适合的选自LiAlH4、NaBH4、LiBH4、LiEt3BH的还原剂,在如THF的惰性溶剂中,在-78℃至70℃温度范围内,进行内酯还原为内半缩醛的反应,以提供式(Ij)化合物。
步骤IV:内半缩醛如下被脱氧成式(II-5)的环醚,使用Et3SiH和BF3.Et2O,在如THF、DCM的惰性溶剂中,温度范围为从-10至10℃。胺保护的内半缩醛以类似于方案III的脱保护步骤被脱保护,以提供式(II-5)化合物的盐或游离碱形式。如果保护基团是乙酰基,它可以通过在Org.Lett.,2009,11(2),433-436中公开的方法而脱保护。
式(II-4)和(II-5)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案V:
方案V所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:如在方案II胺化作用步骤中所公开的式(Ik)化合物的胺化作用提供式(II-6)化合物。根据Liebigs Ann.1996,1941-1948中所公开的方法制备式(Ik)化合物。
步骤II:二酰亚胺还原为胺的反应如下进行,使用适合的选自LiAlH4、NaBH4、LiBH4、LiEt3BH的还原剂,在如THF的惰性溶剂中,温度范围为从0℃至70℃,以提供式(II-7)化合物。
式(II-6)和(II-7)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案VI:
方案VI所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤Ia:酯的水解如下进行,在如NaOH、KOH的适合的碱存在的条件下,在如四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇,1,4-二氧六环或其混合物的溶剂中,以提供酸。
步骤Ib:上述酸如下与适当的氨肟相偶联,使用如N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC),1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDCI),羰二咪唑(CDI)等的偶联剂,在如四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、甲苯等的适合的溶剂中,接着在催化量的酸存在的条件下,在甲苯回流下进行环化反应,以提供式(II-8)化合物。
式(II-8)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案VII:
方案VII所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:酸(Ib)被转化为方案VI所公开的式(Il)化合物。
步骤II:式(Il)化合物的酯官能团水解,然后进行方案II的胺化作用步骤所公开的胺化作用,以获得式(II-9)化合物。
式(II-9)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案VIII:
方案VIII所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:在酯类存在的条件下,式(Ib)化合物的羧酸官能团被硼烷-二甲基硫醚络合物选择性还原,以提供式(Im)的醇。
步骤II:使用如氯铬酸吡啶鎓盐、Jones试剂、Collins试剂、Dess-Martin氧化剂或用草酰氯活化的DMSO(Swern氧化)的氧化剂,进行(Im)乙醇至醛的氧化反应以获得式(In)醛。反应可以在如DCM、THF的惰性溶剂中和从-78℃至室温的温度下进行。
步骤III:式(Io)烯经由维蒂希反应而从式(In)醛被制备。反应如下进行,在如DCM、THF等的惰性溶剂中,温度范围从0℃至室温下,在氢化钠存在的条件下。
步骤IVa:式(Io)烯如下被还原,采用如Pd/C、兰尼镍的还原剂,在氢存在的条件下,在如THF、MeOH、乙酸乙酯等的适合溶剂中,温度范围是从室温至所使用的溶剂的回流温度。
步骤IVb:上述还原化合物的脱保护如下通过本领域已知的常规方法而进行,例如,通过酸(例如盐酸、三氟乙酸)或通过催化量的氢化条件,在如THF、MeOH、乙酸乙酯等的适合溶剂中,温度范围是从室温至所使用的溶剂的回流温度。
步骤V:式(Ip)化合物被还原成步骤I所公开的式(Iq)醇。
步骤VI:式(Ir)化合物如下被制备,在例如三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺,吡啶,N-甲基吗啉,N-甲基吡咯烷的有机碱存在的条件下,在例如DCM、THF、CHCl3等的惰性溶剂中,在约0℃-10℃,经甲磺酰化、甲苯磺酰化或卤化转化式(Iq)化合物的羟基基团为离去基团L。
步骤VII:式(Ir)化合物与式R1H化合物的如下偶联获得了式(Is)化合物,在选自甲苯、DMF、四氢呋喃、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、DMSO、二氯乙烷、氯仿或其混合物的溶剂中,在例如三乙胺、吡啶、二异丙基乙胺、4-二甲基氨基吡啶、碱金属的氢氧化物(例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾)、碱土金属金属氢氧化物、碱金属的碳酸盐(例如,碳酸钾、碳酸铯等)的碱存在的条件下,以获得式(Is)中间体。该反应在0℃至回流温度温度范围下进行,主要是0℃-150℃。
步骤VIII:式(Is)化合物的酯官能团水解,之后进行方案II的胺化作用所公开的胺化作用,以获得式(II-10)化合物。
式(II-10)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
方案IX:
方案IX所概述的方法中的反应被公开在下列步骤中
步骤I:式(Im)化合物可以类似于方案III中步骤I被制备。
步骤II:根据方案III中步骤II的式(It)化合物与式R1H化合物的偶联,获得式(Iu)化合物。
步骤III:式(Iu)化合物的酯官能团水解,之后进行方案II的胺化作用步骤所公开的胺化作用,以获得式(II-11)化合物。
式(II-11)化合物用方案I所示的式(III)化合物处理,以形成最终的式(I)化合物。
下文所提供的实例被仅仅用于提供介绍和因此应不被视为限制本发明的范围。
中间体-1:(1S,3R)-甲基3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
上述中间体按照文献的方法制备(Journal of Organic Chemistry,2003,40,3554-3561),该方法公开如下。
步骤I:向搅拌的含(1R,3S)-(+)-樟脑酸(5g,25mmol)的30ml甲醇溶液中,无水HCl在室温下2小时鼓泡加入。蒸除甲醇,残留物与5%碳酸氢钠溶液混合直至沸腾停止,然后加入5%氢氧化钠。用二异丙基醚萃取,移除二酯副产物。用10% HCl酸化水层,用二异丙基醚萃取。合并的醚萃取物用无水硫酸钠干燥并蒸发以制备(1R,3S)-3-(甲氧基羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸(4.38g),83%收率。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.84(s,3H),1.25(s,6H),1.53-1.55(m,1H),1.80-1.84(m,1H),2.19-2.22(m,1H),2.25-2.57(m,1H),2.79-2.84(m,1H);3.70(s,3H);m/z(M+1):214。
步骤II:向含(1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸(4.1g,19.2mmol)的18ml DCM和草酰氯(2.1mL,24.9mmol)溶液中,加入2滴的DMF。在-15℃下搅拌溶液5小时。所有的挥发物通过氮气而移除。残留物溶解于THF,该溶液逐滴加到80mL用NH3气饱和的无水乙腈中,保持在-30℃。反应混合物再搅拌15分钟,在减压下移除挥发物。残留物被加入到热的乙酸乙酯中,过滤溶液;蒸除溶剂后获得粗产物,通过柱色谱法将其纯化以提供甲基(1S,3R)-3-氨基甲酰基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯(3.45g),84%收率。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.85(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.30(s,3H),1.45-1.48(m,1H),1.80-1.91(m,1H),2.20-2.27(m,1H),2.35-2.43(m,1H),2.79-2.84(m,1H),3.69(s,3H),5.60(d,J=37.96,2H);m/z(M+1):213。
步骤III:向搅拌的含甲基(1S,3R)-3-氨基甲酰基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯(2.6g;12.2mmol)的12ml叔丁醇溶液中,加入0.2ml氯化锡,然后加入四乙酸铅(7.02g,15.86mmol)。反应混合物加热回流24小时。减压下蒸除溶剂;残留物溶于二乙基醚,用10% K2CO3溶液洗涤。浓缩醚萃取物,粗产物经柱色谱法纯化以获得甲基(1S,3R)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯(2.58g),74%收率。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.86(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.8-1.9(m,1H),1.98-2.05(m,3H),2.72-2.76(m,1H),3.71(s,3H),4.73(bs,1H);m/z(M+1):285。
中间体-2:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
在3小时期限内,向含甲基(1S,3R)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯(2.38g,8.3mmol)的THF(50mL)和水(5mL)悬浮液中,加入NaBH4(2.52g,66.8mmol)。反应混合物加热回流24小时。反应完成后,用乙酸乙酯和水稀释反应混合物。分离有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥。蒸除溶剂以获得叔丁基[(1R,3S)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯(2g),93%收率,为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.85(s,3H),1.05(s,3H),1.36(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.52(m,1H),1.82-1.96(m,4H),3.53-3.57(dd,J=7.8 & 17.7Hz,1H),3.70-3.74(dd,J=5.4 & 10.2Hz,1H),4.63(bs,1H);m/z(M+1):258。
中间体-3:((1S,3R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基甲磺酸酯
向保持在0℃的含叔丁基[(1R,3S)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯(2.0g,7.78mmol)的30ml二氯甲烷溶液中,在搅拌下加入三乙胺(5.4mL,38.9mmol)。向该反应混合物中,在30分钟内逐滴滴加甲磺酰氯(1.91mL,23.3mmol),持续搅拌两小时。随后,用二氯甲烷和水稀释反应混合物。分层,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和干燥,得到淡黄色的粗制的粘块,将其用柱色谱法纯化以获得甲磺酸(1S,3R)-3-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-2,2,3-三甲基-环戊基甲酯(2.01g),76%收率,为灰白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.85(s,3H),1.05(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.49(m,1H),1.85-2.04(m,3H),2.20-2.24(m,1H),3.01(s,3H),4.10-4.15(dd,J=8 & 9.24Hz,1H),4.24-4.29(dd,J=6.44 & 9.52Hz,1H),4.47(s,1H);m/z(M-55):280.1;[α]D+36.3°(C,1.0,甲醇)。
中间体-4:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-(叠氮甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体-3(1.48g,4.41mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中,加入NaN3(0.57g,8.82mmol),在N2环境中搅拌12小时,保持温度60℃。反应混合物冷却至室温,用水(100mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(2×100mL)萃取。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩至得到0.65g的叠氮化物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.8(s,3H),0.9(d,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.68-1.80(m,1H),1.90-2.04(m,4H),3.15-3.20(dd,J=8.64 & 8.88,1H),3.31-3.42(dd,J=5.4 &5.56,1H),3.08-3.41(m,2H),4.51(s,1H)。
中间体-5:叔丁基[(1R,3S)-3-(氨甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
中间体(4)叠氮化物(0.65g)溶于乙酸乙酯中,加入5% Pd/C(85mg),在50psi下氢化1小时以获得0.6g的半固体的胺。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:400MHzδ0.69(s,3H),0.98(d,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.37(s,9H),1.71-1.78(m,4H),1.93-1.98(m,1H),2.45-2.76(m,2H),6.37(bs,2H);m/z(M+H):257.2。
中间体-6:(1S,3R)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸
向含中间体-1的甲醇溶液中,加入NaOH溶液和回流3小时。浓缩反应混合物,用0.1N HCl酸化,用乙酸乙酯(2×50mL)萃取。合并的乙酸乙酯层用盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.93(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.8-1.9(m,1H),1.98-2.05(m,3H),2.72-2.76(m,1H),4.73(bs,1H);m/z(M-H):270.1。
中间体-7:叔丁基[(1S,3S)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
向NaCN(1.18g,0.0287mol)与70mL DMF的混合物中,加入中间体-3(4.18g,0.0124mol),加热至80-85℃,持续6小时。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯和水稀释,有机层被分离。有机层被无水Na2SO4干燥和通过旋转蒸发仪浓缩以获得棕色的粘块,其通过柱色谱法纯化。1.75g,灰白固体;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),2.01-2.22(m,5H),2.33-2.39(dd,J=4.88Hz & J=4.68Hz,1H),2.38-2.41(m,1H),4.47(m,1H)。m/z(M-1):265.2。
中间体-8:甲基(1R,3S)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
制备类似于中间体1的步骤1,从(1S,3R)(-)樟脑酸)起始
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.86(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.8-1.9(m,1H),1.98-2.05(m,3H),2.72-2.76(m,1H),3.71(s,3H),4.73(bs,1H);m/z(M+1):285。
中间体-9:叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
制备类似于中间体2,从中间体8起始
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.85(s,3H),1.02(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.52(m,1H),1.81-1.89(m,1H),1.96-2.01(m,3H),3.53-3.57(dd,J=7.8Hz & 17.7Hz,1H),3.71-3.74(dd,J=5.4 &10.21H),4.62(bs,1H);m/z(M+1):258。
中间体-10:甲磺酸(1R,3S)-3-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-2,2,3-三甲基-1-环戊基甲酯
制备类似于中间体3,从中间体9起始
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.85(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.49(m,1H),1.85-2.04(m,3H),2.16-2.24(m,1H),3.01(s,3H),4.10-4.15(dd,J=8 & 9.24,1H),4.25-4.29(dd,J=6.44 & 9.52,1H),4.48(s,1H)。
中间体-11:叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(叠氮甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
制备类似于中间体4,从中间体10起始。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.8(s,3H),0.9(d,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.68-1.80(m,1H),1.90-2.04(m,4H),3.08-3.41(m,2H),4.51(s,1H)。
中间体-12:叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(氨基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
制备类似于中间体5,从中间体11起始,未被纯化而原样应用。m/z(M+H):257.2。
中间体-13:(1R,3S)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸
制备类似于中间体6,从中间体8起始。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 0.94(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.82-1.89(m,1H),1.98-2.05(m,3H),2.72-2.76(m,1H),4.73-4.75(bs,1H);m/z(M-H):270.1。
中间体-14:叔丁基[(1S,3S)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
制备类似于中间体7,从中间体10起始
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),2.01-2.22(m,5H),2.33-2.39(dd,J=4.88Hz & J=4.68Hz,1H),2.38-2.41(m,1H),4.47(m,1H)。m/z(M-1):265.2。
中间体-15:(1R,5R)-1-氨基-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮
步骤1:(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(甲基氨基甲酰基)环戊基羧酸
40%甲胺水溶液(70mL)和樟脑酸酐(5g)的混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟。加入N,N-二甲基-4-氨基吡啶(DMAP)(0.67g,5.4mmol),进一步搅拌24小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,在0-5℃用浓HCl酸化。形成的白色沉淀被过滤和干燥(5.2g)。m/z(M+H):214.1。
步骤2:(1R)-1,3,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮
向含步骤1中间体(4.5g,21mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,加入乙酰氯(5.25mL,73mmol),回流24小时。反应后,乙酸乙酯在减压下被移除,通过柱,使用乙酸乙酯和己烷纯化粗制物质。(3.7g)1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.8(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.60-1.61(m,1H),1.71-1.83(m,1H),1.88-1.95(m,1H),2.11-2.2(m,1H),2.65(d,1H),2.91(s,3H)。m/z(M+H):196.1。
步骤3:(1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-2,4-二氧代-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-1-羧酸
向维持在-95℃和在N2气环境下的含步骤2中间体(2g,10.2mmol)的THF溶液中,加入1.2N Sec.BuLi的环己烷溶液(9.5mL,13.3mmol)。在-95℃下搅拌15分钟之后,加入小片的干冰(2g),反应混合物保持在该温度1小时,然后用水(3mL)淬灭。反应混合物加热至室温。向其中加入5% NaHCO3溶液(100mL)和乙醚(50mL),分离水层,用KHSO4酸化至pH 2。用乙醚将其再次萃取,用盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩。(1.85g)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.0(s,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.26(s,3H),1.88-1.98(m,2H),2.64-2.72(m,1H),2.8(m,1H),3.13(s,3H)。m/z(M-H):238。
步骤4:(1S,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-2,4-二氧代-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-1-甲酰胺
步骤3中间体的亚硫酰氯溶液回流2小时。在此之后,通过蒸馏完全除去亚硫酰氯。残留物溶于二氯甲烷,加23%氨水(40mL),保持温度在0℃。反应被进一步搅拌2小时,用二氯甲烷稀释。分离有机层,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩以得到浅棕色固体(2.69g)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.95(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.88-1.94(m,2H),1.97-2.02(m,1H),2.88-2.94(m,1H),3.13(s,3H),5.8-6.1(d,1H)。m/z(M+H):239.1。
步骤5:(1R,5R)-1-氨基-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮
步骤4的中间体(2.5g)溶于20mL乙酸乙酯、乙腈和水的溶剂混合物中,比例依次为1∶1∶0.5。向其中加入PIFA(6.3g,14.6mmol),在温度45℃下搅拌5小时。该反应物被进一步在室温下搅拌8小时。通过在70℃下加热10分钟分解过量的PIFA。反应混合物在减压下浓缩,用稀HCl酸化,用乙醚洗涤。分离水层,用NaHCO3碱化,用二氯甲烷萃取,用水、盐水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法纯化以得到1.5g固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.76(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.77-1.97(m,4H),3.11(s,3H)。m/z(M+H):211。
中间体-16:(1R,5R)-1-氨基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-2-酮
向在0℃下搅拌的含氢化铝锂的干燥THF悬浮液中,缓慢加入中间体15的THF溶液。在反应终止(由TLC监控)之后,加入水,分离的沉淀被过滤除去。滤液用乙酸乙酯(2×100mL)萃取。合并乙酸乙酯层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤和浓缩。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化粗制的物质,获得65mg的纯产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.8(s,3H),0.9(s,6H),1.21-1.29(m,4H),1.67-1.72(m,1H),1.83-1.9(m,1H),2.19-2.2(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),2.29(s,3H),2.32(d,J=10.84Hz,1H),2.39(s,2H)。m/z(M+H):183.1。
中间体-17:(1R,5R)-1-氨基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-2-酮
步骤1:(1S,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-1-羧酸
从(+)樟脑酸酐起始,使用文献方法(Liebigs Ann.1996,1941-1948),制备中间体
熔点243℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.78-1.98(m,3H),2.31-2.39(m,1H),3.93(d,J=10.84Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=10.88Hz,1H)12.77(bs,1H);m/z(M-H):211。
步骤2:(1S,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-1-甲酰胺
向含步骤1中间体的二氯甲烷(0.7g,3.29mmol)溶液中,加入草酰氯(0.32mL,3.62mmol),在-10℃下搅拌2小时。通过注入N2气移除挥发物。残留物溶于25mL乙醚,向其中加入25ml的23%氨水。反应混合物搅拌2小时,用二氯甲烷(2×100mL)萃取。合并有机层,用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,6H),1.15(s,3H),1.88-2.05(m,3H),2.73-2.82(m,1H),3.97(d,J=10.9Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=10.9Hz,1H),5.85(bs,1H),6.25(bs,1H);m/z(M+H):212.3。
步骤3:(1R,5R)-1-氨基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-2-酮
步骤2的中间体(0.4g,1.89mmol)溶于5mL乙酸乙酯、乙腈和水的溶剂混合物中,比例依次为1∶1∶0.5。向其中加入PIFA(1.14g,2.65mmol),保持温度为45℃,搅拌5小时。反应物在室温下被进一步搅拌8小时。过量的PIFA通过在70℃下加热10分钟被分解。反应混合物在减压下浓缩,用稀HCl酸化,用二氯甲烷洗涤。分离水层,用NaHCO3碱化,用二氯甲烷萃取,用水、盐水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法纯化而获得0.26g固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.9(s,3H),0.93(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.77-1.93(m,3H),2.06-2.12(m,1H),3.89(d,J=10.76Hz,1H),4.09(d,J=10.72Hz,1H);m/z(M+H):184.1。
中间体-18:(1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-胺
步骤1:N-[(1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基]乙酰胺
向维持在0℃下搅拌的含中间体17的5ml二氯甲烷溶液中,加入三乙胺(0.34mL,2.4mmol)。向反应混合物中,在15分钟内加入乙酰氯(0.17mL,2.4mmol),进一步搅拌1小时。在反应完成之后,用二氯甲烷和水稀释反应混合物。分离有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥。蒸发溶剂以获得0.17g的灰白色固体产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.91(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.0(s,3H),1.81-1.90(m,1H),1.96-2.29(m,2H),2.1(s,3H),3.1-3.2(m,1H),3.95(d,J=10.84Hz,1H),4.08(m,J=9.72Hz,1H),5.96(bs,1H)。m/z(M+H):226.2。
步骤2:N-[(1R,5R)-2-羟基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基]乙酰胺
向含氢化铝锂(0.253g,6.6mmol)的干燥THF悬浮液中,在室温下滴加含步骤1中间体的2mL THF,搅拌30分钟。在完成之后,反应混合物用少量滴的水淬灭,维持温度低于0℃,搅拌至白色沉淀形成。过滤反应物,所获得的残留物用乙酸乙酯洗涤。滤液用无水Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩。粗制的物质通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化而获得一对非对映异构体混合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.05(s,3H),1.68-1.92(m,3H),2.03(s,3H),2.34-3.36(m,0.25H),2.75-2.81(m,0.75H),3.06(d,J=10.8Hz,0.25H),3.21(d,J=11.32Hz,0.75H),3.74(d,J=11.32Hz,0.75H),3.95(d,J=10.70Hz,0.25H),5.2(d,J=6.4Hz,0.75H),5.34(s,0.25H),5.50(bs,1H),5.73(d,J=6.6Hz,1H)。m/z(M+59;-ve模式):286.2。
步骤3:N-[(1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基]乙酰胺
在氮气环境下,向搅拌的含步骤2中间体(0.2g,0.88mmol)的干燥二氯甲烷(5mL)溶液中,在0℃下加入Et3SiH(0.84mL;5.28mmol)。在10分钟之内向其中滴加三氟化硼乙醚络合物(0.33mL,2.6mmol)。在室温下持续搅拌5小时。在完成之后,反应混合物用饱和的NaHCO3溶液淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取。分离有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥。二氯甲烷层在减压下浓缩,以获得165mg的标题化合物。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.78(s,3H),0.89(s,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.60-1.64(m,1H),1.72-1.78(m,2H),1.85(s,3H),2.60-2.67(m,1H),3.06(d,J=10.96Hz,1H),3.67(d,J=10.92Hz,1H),3.78(d,J=10.48Hz,1H),3.92(d,J=10.48Hz,1H)5.16(bs,1H)。m/z(M+1):212.2。
步骤4:(1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-胺
向维持在0℃的含步骤3中间体(0.165g,0.78mmol)的3ml干燥THF溶液和吡啶(0.37mL,47mmol)中,在搅拌下加入草酰氯。在30分钟之后,加入丙二醇(0.46mL,63mmol)到上述反应混合物中,反应物加热至室温。反应混合物在加入乙醇之后浓缩。残留物被分配在1N HCl和叔丁醚之间。分离水层,用4N NaOH碱化,用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离乙酸乙酯层,干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质没有被进一步纯化而用于下一步骤。m/z(M+1):170.2。
中间体-19:(1S,5S)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-胺
制备类似于中间体17,从(1S,3R)(-)樟脑酸起始,m/z(M+1):170.2
中间体-20:(2S,4S)-1-(氯乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
从反式-4-羟脯氨酸起始,使用文献方法(Bioorganic MedicinalChemistry 2008,16,4093-4106;WO2007/113634和US2007/0112059),制备该中间体,为白色固体,mp 139-141℃;IR cm-1:3031,3007,2962,2241,1679,1407,1280,1225,1076,860;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm(2种旋转异构体的3∶1混合物)2.25-2.5(m,1H),2.55-2.65(m,1H),4.06(s,2H),3.55-4.3(m,2H),4.96(d,0.8H,J=9.2Hz),5.07(d,0.2H,J=9.2Hz),5.45(d,0.8H,J=51.5Hz),5.41(d,0.2H,J=51.5Hz);m/z(M+18):208;[α]D-120.6(C,1.0,甲醇)。
中间体-21:(2S)-1-(氯乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
从L-脯氨酸起始,使用文献方法(Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2003,46,2774-2789),制备该中间体,为灰白色固体;mp 53-57℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm(反式/顺式酰胺旋转异构体的4∶1混合物)2.10-2.40(m,4H),3.55-3.66(m,1H),3.66-3.79(m,1H),4.03-4.21(m,0.4H,CH2Cl),4.09(s,1.6H,CH2Cl),4.76(m,0.8H,CHCN),4.87(dd,0.2H,J=7.4和2.2Hz,CHCN);m/z(M+18):190;[α]D-150.31°(C,1.0,甲醇)。
中间体-22:(2S,4R)-1-(氯乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
根据在Tetrahedron letters 1998,39,1169-1172和WO2007/113634中所公开的方法,制备该中间体。熔点:97-100℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm 2.44-2.57(m,1H),2.77-2.83(m,1H),3.55-4.4(m,4H),4.81(t,J=8.3Hz,0.8H),5.01(t,J=8.36Hz,0.2H)5.35(d,J=51.3Hz,0.2H),5.38(d,J=51Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+18):190;[α]D-153.39°(C,1.0,甲醇),m/z(M+18):208.1。
实施例1:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯:
向含1H-1,2,4-三唑(0.232g,3.36mmol)和K2CO3(0.556g,4.03mmol)的5ml DMF的悬浮液中,加入中间体3(1.01g,3.02mmol),在80-85℃下搅拌反应混合物5小时。反应混合物被降至室温,用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。用水洗涤合并的有机萃取物,用无水Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过柱色谱法纯化以提供135mg的标题化合物,为白色固体。1H NMR(CDCl3):400MHzδ0.91(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.31(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.45(m,1H),1.67(m,1H),1.98(m,2H),2.40(m,1H),3.95-4.01(dd,J=10.3& 13.2Hz,1H),4.23-4.28(dd,J=4.76 & 13.4Hz,1H),4.48(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),8.05(s,1H);m/z(M+1):309.2。
步骤2:(1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺盐酸盐
饱和的含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)溶液在0℃下被添加到含步骤1中间体(0.130g,0.422mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。在减压下挥发物被移除,以提供90mg所期待的产物。1H NMR(d6-DMSO):400MHzδ0.91(s,6H),1.19(s,3H),1.53(m,2H),1.65(m,1H),1.94(m,1H),2.32(m,1H),4.10-4.15(dd,J=9.88和13.1Hz,1H),4.24-4.28(dd,J=4.96和13.4Hz,1H),8.00(bs,3H),8.01(s,1H),8.62(s,1H);m/z(M+1):209.2。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.097g,0.40mmol)、K2CO3(0.218g,1.59mmol)和KI(0.033g,0.2mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中添加含中间体20(0.076g,0.40mmol)的DMSO溶液,反应混合物在氮气环境中搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,用乙酸乙酯和水将其稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得灰白色固体的产物(0.042g)。mp:186-188;IR(KBr):2246 & 1662cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3):400MHzδ0.93(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.40-1.44(m,1H),1.63-1.70(m,4H),2.39-2.44(m,2H),2.66-2.74(m,1H),3.35-3.52(m,2H),3.65-4.1(m,2H),4.10-4.14(m,1H),4.25-4.30(dd,dd,J=4.4 & 13.6Hz,1H),4.96(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H,旋转异构体)5.12(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H,旋转异构体),5.42(d,J=48Hz,0.2H旋转异构体),5.50(d,J=48Hz,0.8H,旋转异构体),8.07(s,1H),8.09(s,1H);m/z(M+1):363.2。
实施例2:(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
向含实施例1的步骤2中间体(0.097g,0.40mmol)、K2CO3(0.218g,1.59mmol)、KI(0.033g,0.2mmol)的DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体-22(0.076g,0.40mmol),在室温下搅拌12小时。游离碱按照实施例1步骤3所公开的方法被分离。分离的游离碱(20mg,0.005mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯,用含甲磺酸(5.3mg,0.005mmol)的乙酸乙酯处理,搅拌2小时。挥发物在减压下被移除,残留物用乙醚研磨数次以获得0.02g白色吸湿性固体的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.07(s,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.4(s,3H),1.66-1.78(m,2H),1.86-1.87(m,1H),2.1-2.12(m,1H),2.50-2.55(m,2H),2.79(s,3H),2.85-2.92(m,1H),3.8-4.14(m,3H),4.1-4.3(m,2H),4.5-4.53(m,1H),4.97(t,J=8Hz,0.8H),5.25(t,J=8Hz,0.2H),5.41(d,J=48Hz,0.2H),5.42(d,J=48Hz,0.8H),8.08(s,1H),8.51(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例3:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈:
步骤1:(1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基甲基-环戊胺盐酸盐
制备根据实施例-1公开的方法,使用中间体10。1H NMR(d6-DMSO):400MHzδ0.92(s,6H),1.20(s,3H),1.52(m,2H),1.62(m,1H),2.01(m,1H),2.30(m,1H),4.09-4.15(dd,J=9.7 &13.4Hz,1H),4.24-4.30(dd,J=5.1 & 13.5Hz,1H),8.05(bs,3H),8.07(s,1H),8.68(s,1H);m/z(M+1):209.2。
步骤2:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-[2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基甲基-环戊基氨基)-乙酰基]-吡咯烷-2-腈
在含K2CO3(0.108g,0.78mmol)和KI(0.016g,0.098mmol)的2ml DMSO存在的条件下,如实施例-1的步骤-3所公开的步骤1中间体(0.048g,0.196mmol)和中间体-20(0.037g,0.196mmol)的偶联反应,提供38mg灰白色固体的产物。mp:132-135℃;IR(KBr:2241& 1655cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3):400MHzδ0.97(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.36-1.41(m,1H),1.59-1.70(m,4H),2.36-2.40(m,2H),2.65-2,73(m,1H),3.30(d,J=15.5Hz,1H),3.48(d,J=15.5Hz,1H),3.66-4.09(m,2H),4.14(dd,J=8.8 & 11.1Hz,1H),4.28(dd,J=4.4 & 11.1Hz,1H),4.94(d,J=9.8Hz,0.8H,旋转异构体),5.01(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H,旋转异构体),5.11(d,J=51Hz,0.2H,旋转异构体),5.50(d,J=51Hz,0.8H,旋转异构体),7.93(s,1H),8.05(s,1H);m/z(M+1):363.2。
实施例4:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-[2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基甲基环戊基氨基)-乙酰基]-吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
实施例3(20mg,0.005mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯。向其中加入(5.3mg,0.005mmol)的乙酸乙酯稀释的甲磺酸,搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倒出,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥以获得22mg灰白色固体的产物。Mp:167-170℃;1H NMR(D2O):400MHzδ1.08(s,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.38(s,3H),1.62-1.75(m,2H),1.87-1.89(m,1H),2.09-2.11(m,1H),2.49-2.52(m,2H),2.69-2.72(m,1H),2.80(s,3H),3.77-3.79(dd,1H),3.92-4.12(m,2H),4.26-4.28(m,2H),4.50-4.59(m,1H),5.08(d,J=9.3Hz,0.8H旋转异构体)-5.25(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H旋转异构体),5.50(d,J=50.8Hz,0.2H旋转异构体)5.51(d,J=50.8Hz,0.8H旋转异构体),8.06(s,1H),8.48(s,1H)m/z(M+1):363.2。
实施例5:(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
实施例3、步骤1的中间体(0.048g,0.196mmol)和中间体22(0.037g,0.196mmol)的偶联反应,在如实施例1的步骤3中所公开的含K2CO3(0.108g,0.78mmol)和KI(0.016g,0.098mmol)的2mlDMSO存在的条件下,提供20mg灰白色固体的产物。该产物(20mg,0.005mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯。向其中加入乙酸乙酯稀释的甲磺酸(5.3mg,0.005mmol),搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倒出,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。(0.025g),白色吸湿性固体。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:0.92(s,3H),1.05(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.53-1.62(m,2H),1.71-1.76(m,1H),1.94-1.99(m,1H),2.39-2.42(m,2H),2.67(s,3H),2.7-2.74(m,1H),3.69-3.91(m,2H),4.0-4.13(m,2H),4.26-4.31(m,1H),4.32-4.35(dd,1H),4.85(d,J=8.5Hz,0.8H旋转异构体),5.1(d,J=8.4Hz,0.2H旋转异构体),5.25(d,J=51.3,0.2H旋转异构体),5.30(d,J=51,0.8H旋转异构体),7.96(s,1H),8.4(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例6:(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
实施例3步骤1的中间体(0.048g,0.229mmol)和中间体-21(0.039g,0.229mmol)的偶联反应,在如实施例1的步骤3中所公开的含K2CO3(0.108g,0.78mmol)和KI(0.016g,0.098mmol)的2mlDMSO存在的条件下,提供10mg产物,为灰白色的粘块。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.94(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.37-1.42(m,1H),1.6-1.71(m,3H),2.16-2.42(m,5H),3.33-3.62(m,4H),4.06-4.12(m,1H),4.24-4.29(m,1H),4.79-4.77(m,1H),8.05(s,1H),8.06(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):345.2。
实施例7:(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
实施例6(25mg,0.072mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯。向其中加入含甲磺酸(6.8mg,0.072mmol)的乙酸乙酯(1mL)溶液,搅拌2小时。分离的固体被倒出,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥以获得标题化合物的25mg白色固体。熔点:150-154℃,1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.08(s,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.37(s,3H),1.66-1.78(m,2H),1.86-1.87(m,1H),2.08-2.09(m,1H),2.16-2.22(m,2H),2.31-2.37(m,2H),2.51-2.55(m,1H),2.81(s,3H)3.52-3.56(m,1H),3.68-3.71(m,1H),3.96-4.0(m,1H),4.13-4.19(m,1H),4.22-4.25(,1H),4.39-4.44(m,1H),8.07(s,1H),8.48(s,1H),m/z(M+H):345.2。
实施例8:(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
中间体21(0.01g,0.06mmol)加入到搅拌的含实施例1步骤2的中间体(0.020g,0.08mmol)、K2CO3(0.033g,0.239mmol)、KI(0.01g,0.06mmol)的2mL THF悬浮液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,用水稀释反应混合物,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥和在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过柱色谱法使用0.5%甲醇的二氯甲烷溶液而纯化,以获得8mg半固体产物。IR(KBr):2242和1654cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3):400MHzδ0.93(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.35-1.45(m,2H),1.62-1.68(m,3H),2.17-2.30(m,4H),2.33-2.42(m,1H),3.35-3.45(m,3H),3.55-3.60(m,1H),4.05-4.1(m,1H),4.26(dd,J=4.4 & 13.6Hz,1H),4.76(m,1H),7.93(s,1H),8.06(s,1H);m/z(M+1):345.1。
实施例9:(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
向含实施例8(0.022g,0.063mmol)的丙酮溶液中,加入甲磺酸(0.0058g,0.0607mmol),搅拌3小时,以获得白色沉淀。使该沉淀沉积,倾倒溶剂和在真空下干燥残留物,以提供灰白固体的标题化合物。0.025g。mp:150-155℃;IR(KBr):2246 & 1663cm-1;1H NMR(D2O):400MHzδ1.10(s,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.37(s,3H),1.66-1.75(m,2H),1.86-1.90(m,1H),2.10-2.23(m,3H),2.33-2.36(m,2H),2.52-2.56(m,1H),2.81(s,3H),3.54-3.58(m,1H),3.68-3.72(m,1H),4.02(d,J=28.6,1H),4.12(d,J=16.2,1H),4.21-4.24(m,1H),4.39-4.45(dd,J=4.4 & 13.61H),4.76(m,1H),8.07(s,1H),8.49(s,1H);m/z(M+1):345.2。
实施例10:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含1H-1,2,3-三唑(0.5g,7.2mmol)和K2CO3(1.5g,10.86mmol)的5mL DMF悬浮液中,加入中间体3(2.0g,6.0mmol),反应混合物在80-85℃下搅拌5小时。该反应混合物降至室温,用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取;合并的有机萃取物用水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩,以获得产物的异构体混合物。该混合物通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷被分离。该极性较低化合物的特性为
灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.47(s,9H),1.50-1.53(m,1H),1.60--1.64(m,1H),1.95-1.99(m,2H),2.51-2.55(m,1H),4.28-4.34(m,1H),4.48-4.50(m,1H),4.51(s,1H),7.58(s,2H),m/z(M-100)+H:209.2。
该极性化合物的特性为
灰白色粘块,m/z(M-100)+H:209.2。
步骤2:(1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺盐酸盐
在0℃下,含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)的饱和溶液加入到含步骤1中间体(0.130g,0.625mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。挥发物在减压下被移除,以提供期望的产物。白色固体,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.20(s,3H),1.51-1.68(m,3H),1.90-1.96(m,1H),2.39-2.43(m,1H),4.29-4.34(m,1H),4.48-4.53(m,1H),7.77(s,2H),8.00(bs,3H),m/z(M+1):209.2。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
极性较低的步骤2中间体(0.048g,0.196mmol)和中间体-20(0.037g,0.196mmol)的偶联反应,在含如实施例-1的步骤-3中所公开的K2CO3(0.108g,0.78mmol)和KI(0.016g,0.098mmol)的2mLDMSO存在的条件下,提供所期望的白色固体的固态产物。收率:0.025g,Mp:84-87℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.87(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.49-1.52(m,1H),1.63-1.71(m,3H),2.25-2.41(m,1H),2.50-2.55(m,1H),2.64-2.75(m,1H),3.34-3.52(m,2H),3.52-3.78(m,1H),3.88-3.97(m,1H),4.38-4.49(m,1H),4.51-4.53(m,1H),4.93-4.96(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.18(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.32(d,J=50Hz,0.2H),5.49(d,0.8H,J=50Hz),7.57(s,2H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例11:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤-1:(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基甲基)环戊胺
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含较高极性的实施例9步骤1中间体的乙酸乙酯溶液中,该反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。挥发物在减压下被移除,以提供所期望的白色固体的固态产物,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.86(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.52-1.54(m,2H),1.66-1.68(m,1H),1.90-1.94(m,1H),2.33-2.36(m,1H),4.25-4.31(m,1H),4.46-4.50(m,1H),7.77(s,1H),8.00(bs,3H),8.16(s,1H),m/z(M+1):209.2。
步骤-2:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤-1的中间体(0.024g,0.098mmol)和中间体20(0.037g,0.098mmol)的偶联反应,在含如实施例-1步骤-3中所公开的K2CO3(0.108g,0.78mmol)和KI(0.016g,0.098mmol)的2mL DMSO存在的条件下,提供所期望的0.007g白色固体的固态产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.49-1.59(m.1H),1.59-1.66(m,2H),1.60-1.78(m,3H),2.38-2.46(m,2H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),3.3-3.52(m,2H),3.68-3.88(m,1H),3.99-3.94(m,1H),4.23-4.29(m,1H),4.49-4.54(m,1H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.18(d,0.2H,J=9.2Hz),5.35(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.5(m,J=51.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例12:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例10,使用中间体10。白色固体0.045g,熔点:142-144℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.87(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.46-1.52(m,1H),1.56-1.66(m,2H),1.68-1.72(m,1H),2.25-2.41(m,1H),2.52-2.55(m,1H),2.64-2.68(m,1H),3.30-3.34(d,1H),3.45-3.49(m,1H),3.56-3.6(m,0.5H),3.68-3.71(m,0.5H),3.79-3.92(m,1H),4.36-4.42(m,1H),4.5-4.53(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.3Hz,0.8H),5.20(d.J=9.3Hz,0.2H),5.34(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.45(m,J=51.2Hz,0.8H),7.57(s,2H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例13:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
制备类似于实施例11,使用中间体10。所获得的产物(0.026g,0.071mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯。向其中加入含甲磺酸(0.0062g,0.06mmol)的乙酸乙酯,搅拌2小时。分离的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥,以获得0.02g灰白色吸湿性固体的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.05(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.62-1.76(m.2H),1.8-1.87(m,1H),2.08-2.15(m,1H),2.45-2.55(m,2H),2.6-2.7(m,1H),2.81(s,3H),3.91-3.94(m,1H),4.02-4.07(m,1H),4.13-4.15(m,1H),4.2-4.24(m.1H),4.38-4.44(m,1H),4.61-4.66(m,1H),5.08(d,J=9.4Hz,0.8H),5.22(d,J=9.4Hz,0.2H),5.5(d,J=50.5Hz,0.2H),5.51(d,J=50.5Hz,0.8H),7.81(s,1H),8.02(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):363.2。
实施例14:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤-1:((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)(哌啶-1-基)甲酮盐酸盐
中间体6(0.27g.1.0mmol),1,1′-羰基二咪唑(0.19g,1.2mmol)和哌啶(0.10g,1mmol)的二氯甲烷混合物在室温下搅拌8小时。该反应混合物用二氯甲烷稀释,用水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法纯化,以获得叔丁基(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基甲酸酯。向含叔丁基(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基甲酸酯的乙酸乙酯溶液中,加入含盐酸化物的乙酸乙酯,搅拌2小时,以获得((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)(哌啶-1-基)甲酮盐酸化物。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:0.98(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.31(s,3H),1.54-1.60(m,6H),1.94-2.20(m,4H),3.47-3.48(m,1H),3.54-3.57(m,2H),3.65-3.66(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):239.2。
步骤2:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
中间体20(0.040g,0.21mmol)加入到搅拌的含步骤-1中间体(0.050g,0.21mmol)、K2CO3,(0.15g,1.05mmol)、KI(0.034g,0.21mmol)的2mL DMSO悬浮液中。反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,反应混合物用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥和在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得0.01g所期望的半固体化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),1.04(s,6H),1.53-1.72(m,8H),1.92-1.94(m,1H),2.15-2.4(m,2H),2.63-2.75(m,1H),3.01-3.05(m,1H),3.46-3.61(m,8H),4.2-4.3(m,1H),4.97(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.30(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.32(d,J=51.2Hz,0.8),5.7(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H)。m/z(M+H):393.3。
实施例15:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体4(0.25g,0.88mmol)、CuI(0.19g,0.88mmol)的二异丙基乙胺(3.65mL)悬浮液中,加入炔丙醇(0.051mL,0.88mmol),在室温下搅拌48小时。过量的二异丙基乙胺被倾倒和干燥。残留物通过硅胶柱使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.92(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.37(s,9H),1.45(d,2H),1.71(m,1H),1.95(m,1H),2.24(m,2H),4.15(t,1H),4.39(m,1H),4.5(s,2H),5.13(bs,1H),6.36(s,1H),7.98(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):339.1。
步骤2:(1-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)甲醇盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.25g,0.7mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。分离的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.93(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.64(m,1H),1.74(m,1H),1.83(m,1H),2.05(m,1H),2.48(m,1H),4.36(t,1H),4.59(m,1H),4.70(s,2H)。m/z(M+H):239.2。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
中间体20(0.062g,0.33mmol)加入到搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.10g,0.36mmol)、K2CO3(0.20g,1.46mmol)、KI(0.03g,0.18mmol)的2mL DMSO悬浮液中。反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,反应混合物用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,获得0.02g灰白色固体的标题化合物。熔点:240-279℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.41-1.73(m,4H),2.35-2.38(m,2H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),3.34-3.51(m,2H),3.63-3.77(m,2H),3.88-3.94(m,1H),4.21-4.49(m,2H),4.79(s,2H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.02(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.52(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):393.2。
实施例16:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备根据实施例15所描述的方法,使用中间体11。0.14g;熔点:76-78℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.41-1.70(m,4H),2.35-2.38(m,2H),2.69-2.73(m,1H),3.29-3.96(m,5H),4.29-4.45(m,2H),4.79(s,2H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.02(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.32(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.52(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):393.2。
实施例17:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺
步骤-1:N-{[(1S,3R)-3-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基]甲基}甲磺酰胺
在保持温度在0℃的情况下,向含中间体5(0.22g,0.85mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入三乙胺(0.11g,1.06mmol),接着加入甲磺酰氯(0.2g,0.91mmol)。反应混合物被进一步搅拌30分钟。在加入20mL水之后,反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取。分离有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。残留物通过柱色谱法使用含20%乙酸乙酯的己烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.31(s,3H),1.4(s,9H),1.96(m,4H),2.96(s,3H),3.23(d,1H),4.13(m,1H),4.48(bs,1H)。
步骤2:N-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤1中间体(0.09g,0.27mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。分离出的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供60mg的所期望的产物。1HNMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.81(s,3H),1.71(m,1H),1.88(m,3H),2.71(m,1H),2.88(s,3H),3.1(m,1H),6.9(bs,1H),7.76(bs,3H)。
步骤3:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.06g,0.22mmol)、K2CO3(0.11g,0.8mmol)和KI(0.003g,0.02mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.038g,0.22mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境中搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,通过色谱法纯化,以获得0.018g灰白色固体产物。熔点:157-160℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.8(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.63-1.77(m,2H),1.89-1.93(m,1H),2.03-2.05(m,1H),2.2-2.28(m,1H),2.3-2.45(m,1H),2.62-2.63(m,1H),2.79(s,3H),2.88-3.01(m,2H),3.3-3.5(m,2H),3.65-3.75(m,2H),3.92-4.01(m,1H),4.93(d,J=8.8,0.2H),5.02(d,J=8.8,0.8H),5.3(d,J=51.2,0.8H),5.35(d,J=51.2,0.2H)。m/z(M+H):469.2。
实施例18:N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺
制备使用中间体12,根据实施例17所公开的方法
0.047g,灰白色固体。熔点:154-157℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.95(s,6H),1.2(s,3H),1.63-1.69(m,4H),1.86-1.88(m,1H),2.03-2.05(m,1H),2.35-2.45(m,1H),2.57-2.65(m,1H),2.82(s,3H),2.92-3.05(m,2H),3.21-3.33(m,2H),3.79-3.9(m,2H),4.99(d,J=9.4,1H),5.4(dd,54.4,1H)。m/z(M+H):389.2。
实施例19:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺
步骤-1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((4-氟苯磺酰氨基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体5(0.2g,0.78mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入三乙胺(0.26g,2.57mmol)、4-氟苯磺酰氯(0.13g.0.65mmol),在室温下搅拌2小时。反应混合物用50mL二氯甲烷稀释;有机层用水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。残留物通过柱色谱法使用乙酸乙酯和己烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.73(s,6H),0.95(s,3H),1.41(s,9H),1.82(m,2H),1.91(m,2H),2.76(m,1H),3.05(d,1H),4.31(d,1H),4.43(bs,1H),7.21(m,2H),7.87(d,2H)。m/z(M+H):415.1。
步骤2:N-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.13g,0.31mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。形成的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。1H NMR(400MHz,d6DMSO)δppm:0.74(s,3H),0.92(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.27(s,1H),1.62(m,1H),1.84(m,3H),2.58(m,1H),2.84(m,1H),7.45(d,2H),7.65(bs,1H),7.85(d,2H),7.95(bs,3H)。m/z(M+H):315.2。
步骤3:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.06g,0.17mmol)、K2CO3(0.070g,0.5mmol)和KI(0.028g,0.17mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.032g,0.17mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得0.017g产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.58(s,3H),0.85(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.14-1.23(m,1H),1.51-1.52(m,2H),1.64-1.79(m,2H),2.55-2.71(m,2H),2.89-2.96(m,1H),3.38-3.99(m,5H),4.5(d,J=8.2Hz,0.2H),4.95(d,J=8.2Hz,0.8H),5.41(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.55(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),7.12-7.16(m,2H),7.76-7.87(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):469.2。
实施例20:N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺
制备使用中间体12,根据实施例19所公开的方法。0.027g,灰白色固体。熔点:75-78℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.68(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.62-1.73(m,2H),1.88-2.18(m,2H),2.42-2.65(m,3H),2.92(m,1H),3.25-3.39(m,2H),3.86-3.97(m,2H),5.03(d,J=12Hz,0.2H),5.04(d,J=12Hz,0.8H),5.32(d,J=53.9Hz,0.2H),5.36(d,J=53.9Hz,0.8H),7.13-7.18(m,2H),7.79-7.83(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):469.2。
实施例21:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((2-氟苯甲酰氨基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体5(0.1g,0.39mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入三乙胺(0.13g,12.8mmol)、2-氟苯甲酰氯(0.05g.0.32mmol),在室温下搅拌过夜。反应混合物用50mL二氯甲烷稀释;有机层是用水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.89(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.28(s,3H),1.44(s,9H),2.02(m,2H),3.31(m,1H),3.51(m,3H),3.62(m,1H),7.71(m,1H),7.27(m,1H),7.56(d,1H),8.03(d,1H)。m/z(M+H-100):279.2。
步骤2:N-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.11g,2.9mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两个小时。分离出的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供50mg所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.98(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),1.2(m,1H),1.46(m,1H),1.68(m,1H),1.9(m,1H),3.33(m,2H),7.27(m,2H),7.54(m,2H),8.33(bs,3H)。m/z(M+H):279.2。
步骤3:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.05g,0.15mmol)、K2CO3(0.088g,0.64mmol)和KI(0.013g,0.07mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体-20(0.03g,0.15mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得0.010g产物,灰白色固体。熔点123-127℃。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.96(s.3H),0.99(s,3H),1.02(s,3H),1.08(m,1H),1.25(m,1H),1.86(m,1H),2.41(m,2H),2.69(m,1H),3.32(m,2.5H),3.73(m,2.5H),3.89(m,1H),4.93(d,J=9.3Hz,0.8H),5.08(d,J=9.3Hz,0.2H),5.3(d,J=51.4Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51.4Hz,0.8H),7.15(m,1H),7.24(d,1H),7.43(m,1H),7.81(bs,1H),8.01(m,1H)。m/z(M+H):433.2。
实施例22:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺
步骤-1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰氨基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
含中间体5(0.47g,1.8mmol)、4,4-二氟环己烷羧酸(0.2g,1.22mmol)、1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸化物(0.47g,2.4mmol)、N-羟基苯并三唑(0.066g,0.48mmol)和二异丙基乙胺(0.47g,3.6mmol)的DMF溶液搅拌4小时。用水稀释反应物,用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离的乙酸乙酯层用盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82(s.3H),0.93(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.69-1.73(m,2H),1.8-1.87(m,5H),1.88-1.98(m,4H),2.15(d,2H),2.67(bs,1H),3.11(m,1H),3.36-3.39(m,1H),4.49(s,1H),5.38(bs,1H)。m/z(M-1H):401.2。
步骤-2:N-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(3mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤1中间体(0.3g,0.7mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。分离出的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供0.2g所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.82(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),1.31-1.4(m,1H),1.6(m,3H),1.74(m,3H),1.89(d,2H),2.03(d,2H),2.23(m,1H),2.75(d,1H),3.1(m,2H),3.19-3.21(m,1H)。m/z(M+H):303.2。
步骤3:N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.08g,0.238mmol)、K2CO3(0.098g,0.71mmol)和KI(0.039g,0.071mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.045g,0.238mmol)。反应混合物搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用柱色谱法纯化,以获得0.03g灰白色固体的产物。熔点:193-195℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.92(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.36-1.41(m,1H),1.59-1.70(m,6H),1.76-1.85(m,3H),2.21-2.06(m,3H),2.15-2.17(m,2H),2.66-2.71(m,1H),3.05-3.09(m,1H),3.26-3.32(m,1H),3.39-3.47(m,2H),3.51-3.64(m,1H),3.73-3.84(m,1H),3.87-3.93(m,1H),4.9(d,J=9.2,0.2H)4.91(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.37(d,J=52,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):457.2。
实施例23:N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺
制备类似于实施例22,使用中间体12。0.055g,灰白色固体。MP.:189-194℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.39-1.42(m,1H),1.59-1.7(m,6H),1.78-1.85(m,3H),2.0-2.17(s,5H),2.21-3.12(m,1H),2.66-2.74(m,1H),3.05-3.1(m,1H),3.26-3.51(m,3H),3.61-3.93(m,2H),4.87(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),4.90(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.37(d,J=52,0.2H),5.40(d,J=52,0.8H);m/z(M+H):457.2。
实施例24:6-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基氨基)烟腈
步骤1:6-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基氨基)烟腈盐酸化物
向含中间体5(0.2g,0.78mmol),和K2CO3的DMF悬浮液中,加入6-氯烟腈(0.107g,0.8mmol)。反应混合物在80℃加热7小时。反应混合物冷却至室温,用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯(2×100mL)萃取。合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,以提供叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((5-氰基吡啶-2-基氨基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯。m/z(M+H):359.1。在室温下,含HCl的乙酸乙酯(3mL)饱和溶液加入到搅拌的叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((5-氰基吡啶-2-基氨基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯(0.15g,0.4mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中。反应混合物在室温下进一步搅拌两个小时。分离的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供0.057g所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.83(s,3H),1.0(s,3H),1.19(m,3H),1.20-1.23(m,1H),1.37-1.44(m,1H),1.64-1.69(m,1H),1.85-2.04(m,3H),3.16-3.18(m,1H),3.35-3.42(m,1H),7.68(bs,1H),7.84(bs,1H),8.03(m,3H)。8.40(s,1H)。
步骤2:6-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基氨基)烟腈
向搅拌的含步骤-1中间体(0.08g,0.257mmol)、K2CO3(0.149g,1.08mmol)和KI(0.042g,0.257mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.048g,0.257mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过柱色谱法纯化,以获得0.02g灰白色固体产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,6H),1.0(s,3H),1.5-1.7(m,4H),1.85-1.87(m,1H),2.12-2.17(m,1H),2.3-2.5(m,1H),2.7-2.78(m,1H),3.14-3.18(m,1H),3.49-3.45(m,2H),3.66-3.67(m,1H),3.91-3.96(m,1H),4.9(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H),4.99(d,J=9.1Hz,0.8H),5.37(d,J=52.2Hz,0.2H),5.52(d,J=52.2Hz,0.8H),6.41-6.43(m,1H),7.47-7.49(m,1H),8.31(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):413.2。
实施例25:6-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷)甲基氨基)烟腈
制备类似于实施例24,使用中间体12。0.05g,灰白固体。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.88(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.50-1.67(m,4H),1.84-1.92(m,1H),2.13(m,1H),2.42-2.73(m,1H),3.18-3.97(m,7H),4.97(d,J=9.2,0.2H),4.99(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.01(m,1H),5.37(d,J=52,0.2H),5.39(d,J=52,0.8),6.4(m,1H),7.46(m,1H),8.2(m,1H)。m/z(M+H):413.2。
实施例26:2-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷)甲基氨基)烟腈
步骤1:2-(((1S,3R)-3-氨基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基氨基)烟腈盐酸化物
制备类似于实施例24步骤1中所公开的方法,使用含中间体5(0.2g,0.78mmol),和K2CO3(0.32g,2.34mmol)的DMF溶液,2-氯吡啶-3-腈(0.107g,0.78mmol),以提供0.057g所期望的产物。1HNMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.8(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.46(m,1H),1.65(m,1H),1.77(m,1H),2.09(m,1H),2.19(m,1H),3.33(m,1H),3.42-3.45(m,1H),6.61-6.65(m,1H),7.0(s,1H),7.88-7.92(m,2H),8.26-8.28(s,3H),m/z(M+H):259.2。
步骤2:2-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基氨基)烟腈
向搅拌的含步骤1中间体(0.08g,0.257mmol)、K2CO3(0.149g,1.08mmol)和KI(0.042g,0.257mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.048g,0.257mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌24小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。分离的水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.015g,灰白色固体。M.p.:96-99℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.9(s,6H),1.04(s,3H),1.65-1.76(m,4H),1.86-1.9(m,1H),2.18-2.25(m,1H),2.3-2.5(m,1H),2.64-2.72(m,1H),3.33-3.53(m,3H),3.64-3.72(m,2H),3.77-4.0(m,1H),4.93-4.95(d,1H),5.27(d,J=51.3,0.8H),5.39(d,J=51.3,0.2H),6.45-6.53(m,1H),7.49-7.6(dd,1H),8.25(d,1H)。m/z(M+H):413.2。
实施例27:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基氨基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备根据实施例24所公开的方法,在步骤1中使用2-氯-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶。0.01g,灰白色固体。熔点:52-58℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.98(s,6H),1.04(s,3H),1.41-1.59(m,3H),1.66-1.69(m,2H),1.88(m,1H),2.12-2.18(m,1H),2.29-2.39(m,1H),2.63-2.76(m,1H),3.14-3.19(m,1H),3.42-3.65(m,2H),3.69-3.99(m,2H),4.98(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.0(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.31(d,J=52,0.2H),5.38(d,J=52,0.8H),6.35-6.43(m,1H),7.51-7.53(d,1H),8.25-8.28(d,1H)。m/z(M+H):455.2。
实施例28:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:(1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]N-叔丁氧基羰基-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺
向维持在0-5℃的搅拌的含中间体5(0.2g,0.7mmol)和三乙胺(0.12mL,0.85mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入氯丙烷磺酰氯(0.09mL,0.7mmol)。6小时之后,用二氯甲烷稀释反应混合物,用水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过硅胶柱使用乙酸乙酯和己烷而纯化。所获得的产物(0.24g,0.6mmol)溶于甲醇。向其中加入NaOMe(0.063g,1.3mmol)和在N2环境下回流。24小时之后,浓缩反应混合物,残留物溶于乙酸乙酯。乙酸乙酯层用水、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过硅胶柱使用乙酸乙酯和己烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.76(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.36(s,9H),1.79-1.96(m,2H),2.22-2.28(m,2H),2.80(t,1H),2.90(m,1H),3.10(m,2H),3.20(m,2H),4.43(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):261.2。
步骤2:(1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(3mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.36g,0.1mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。分离出的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供0.28g所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.9(s,3H),1.0(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.87-1.89(m,1H),1.92-1.98(m,3H),2.04(m,1H),3.16(m,1H),3.45(m,1H),4.5(s,1H),4.96(bs,1H),6.36(d,1H),7.55-7.58(d,1H),8.35(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):261.2。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.120g,0.405mmol)、K2CO3(0.167g,1.21mmol)和KI(0.067g,0.405mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.076g,0.405mmol)。反应混合物在N2环境下搅拌24小时。在反应终止后,用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。分离的水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得0.012g产物,灰白色固体。M.p.:126-128℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.88(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.42-1.44(m,1H),1.66-1.68(m,2H),1.70-1.80(m,1H),1.83-1.85(m,1H),1.98-2.04(m,1H),2.29-2.36(m,2H),2.52-2.53(m,1H),2.76-2.79(m,1H),3.04-3.17(m,3H),3.3-3.6(m,1.5H),3.4-3.5.(m,1.5H),3.6-3.9(m,2H),-4.9(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.36(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),5.4(d,J=52Hz,0.2H)。m/z(M+H):415.2。
实施例29:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例28,使用中间体12。0.015g,灰白色固体。M.P:171-174℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.86(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.43-1.44(m,1H),1.66-1.68(m,1H),1.70-1.80(m,1H),1.83-1.85(m,1H),1.98-2.04(m,1H),2.29-2.36(m,3H),2.52-2.53(m,1H),2.76-4.2(m,10H),4.8(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.25(d,J=51.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51.2,0.8H),m/z(M+H):415.2。
实施例30:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代-1,2-噻嗪烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:(1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代-1,2-噻嗪烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺
向含中间体12(0.375g,1.5mmol)的乙腈溶液中,加入1,4-丁磺内酯(0.2g,1.5mmol),搅拌过夜。向其中加入三氯氧磷(0.46mL,3mmol),进一步搅拌6小时。浓缩反应混合物,加入50mL乙酸乙酯。乙酸乙酯层用20% NaOH、水、盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过氧化铝柱色谱法使用含2%甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.86(s,3H),0.95(m,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.3-1.66(m,6H),1.83-1.9(m,1H),1.94-2.01(m,1H),2.18-2.2(m,1H),2.94-3.15(m,4H),3.18-3.2(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):275.1。
步骤2:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代-1,2-噻嗪烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含步骤1中间体(0.13g,0.5mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和催化的量KI的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体4(0.085g,0.45mmol)。反应混合物在N2环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过色谱法使用含2%甲醇的DCM而纯化,以获得产物;白色固体(0.02g)。M.P.:186-190℃。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.86(s,3H),0.95(m,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.4-1.66(m,6H),1.83-1.98(m,2H),2.04-2.18(m,2H),2.2-2.4(m,1H),2.62-2.70(m,1H),2.94-3.05(m,3H),3.18-3.92(m,6H),4.94(d,J=9.0,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.0,0.2H),5.3(d,J=52.1,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52.1,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):429.1。
实施例31:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体5的乙酸(1mL)溶液中,加入NaN3和原甲酸三乙酯(0.25mL),反应混合物回流6小时。反应物冷却至室温,加入冰-冷水(20mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取。乙酸乙酯层用饱和的NaHCO3溶液、水、盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗产物通过柱使用含50%乙酸乙酯的己烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.95(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.48(s,9H),1.69(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),4.24(m,1H),4.54(m,2H),8.58(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):310.2。
步骤2:(1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(3.5mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.15g,0.48mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌两小时。分离出的固体用乙酸乙酯洗涤,以提供60mg所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.55(m,2H),1.66(m,1H),2.0(m,1H),2.36(m,1H),4.4(m,1H),4.57(m,1H),8.15(bs,3H),9.47(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):210.2。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.09g,0.47mmol)、K2CO3(0.25g,1.8mmol)和KI(0.078g,0.47mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.088g,0.47mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过色谱法使用含2%甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得产物。所获得的产物(0.04g,0.11mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯,向其中加入乙酸乙酯稀释的甲磺酸(0.0105g,0.11mmol),搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。收率:0.041g;熔点:210-214℃;1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.1(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),1.38(s,3H),1.76(m,2H),1.89(m,1H),2.12(m,1H),2.57(m,2H),2.7(m,1H),2.8(s,3H),3.8-3.9(m,1H),4.01-4.15(m,2H),4.48-4.54(m,1H),4.70-4.75(m,1H),4.81-4.87(m,1H),5.08(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.53(d,J=52.2Hz,0.2H),5.6(d,J=52.2Hz,0.8H),9.2(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):364.2。
实施例32:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例31,使用中间体12。0.03g灰白色固体。熔点:151-154℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.95(s,6H),1.2(s,3H),1.39-1.42(m,1H),1.59-1.74(m,4H),2.33-2.4(m,2H),2.66-2.74(m,1H),3.28-3.32(d,1H),3.43-3.47(d,1H),3.69-3.93(m,2H),4.49-4.53(m,2H),4.94-4.96(m,1H),5.32(d,J=54Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=54Hz,0.8H),8.62(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):364.2。
实施例33:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基甲酸酯
中间体-3在吗啉中于80℃加热过夜。反应混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,分离有机层,用水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。残留物通过硅胶柱色谱法使用二氯甲烷和甲醇而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.65-1.68(m,1H),1.83-1.88(m,2H),1.91-1.95(m,2H),2.18-2.22(m,1H),2.35-2.38(m,1H),2.42-2.49(m,4H),3.68-3.71(m,4H),4.51(s,1H),m/z(M+1):327.3。
步骤2:(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊胺盐酸化物
向含步骤1中间体的乙酸乙酯溶液中,加入3ml饱和的含干燥HCl的乙酸乙酯,搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:0.90(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.72-1.74(m,1H),1.93-1.95(m,1H),2.08-2.13(m,2H),2.25-2.27(m,1H),3.16-3.25(m,4H),3.51-3.61(m,2H),3.82-3.87(m,2H),4.09-4.12(m,2H),m/z(M+1):227.3。
步骤3:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
含步骤-2中间体(0.097g,0.42mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1.0mmol)和KI(0.033g,0.2mmol)的1ml DMSO溶液与中间体20(0.079g,0.42mmol)进行偶联,其类似于实施例-1中的步骤-3,以提供灰白色吸湿性固体(0.032g)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.86(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.33-1.38(m,2H),1.81-1.86-(m,1H),2.0-2.03(m,1.5H),2.22-2.28(m,1.5H),2.37-2.43(m,5H),2.64-2.72(q,1H),3.35-3055(m,2H),3.66-3.79(m,6H),3.88-3.97(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.35(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.40(d,J=52.2Hz.0.2H),5.45(d,J=52.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):381.3。
实施例34:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例33,从中间体10和步骤-1中的吗啉起始。0.01gm,灰白色吸湿性固体。熔点:163-166℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),1.08(s,3H),1.33-1.38(m,2H),1.80-1.85(m,1H),1.99-2.03(m,1H),2.17-2.23(m,1H),2.35-2.41(m,5H),2.64-2.72(q,1H),3.31-3.35(d,1H),3.35-3.62(m,1H),3.66-3.70(m,6H),3.75-3.79(m,1H),3.89-3.98(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.38(d,J=51.1Hz,0.2H),5.5(d,J=51.1Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):381.3。
实施例35:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈二甲磺酸盐
实施例34(70mg,0.184mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯,向其中加入(34mg,0.36mmol)乙酸乙酯稀释的甲磺酸,搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。0.055g,白色固体。熔点:220-225℃。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.01(s,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.36(s,3H),1.7-1.74(m,1H),1.90-1.93(m,1H),2.1-2.17(m,1H),2.26-2.28(m,1H),2.5-2.71(m,1H),2.71-2.75(m,1H),2.81(s,6H),3.15-3.18(m,2H),3.25-3.28(m,3H),3.3-3.4(m,2H),3.77-4.14(m,9H)5.05(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.52(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52.0Hz,0.2H),5.5(d,J=52.0Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):381.2。
实施例36:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备根据实施例33,灰白色固体(0.045g)。mp:108-112℃;IR(KBr):2244 & 1670cm-1;1H NMR(CDCl3):400MHzδ0.81(s,3H),0.93(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.63-1.70(m,5H),1.95(m,2H),2.30-2.71(m,8H),3.35-3.97(m,5H),4.94(dd,dd,J=4.4 & 13.6Hz,1H),5.25(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.42(d,J=48Hz,0.2H),5.48(d,J=48Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+1):365.3。
实施例37:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例33,从中间体10和吡咯烷起始。0.036g,白色固体。熔点:123-126℃。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.08(s,3H),1.40-1.44(m,1H),1.60-1.63(m,2H),1.76(s,4H),1.95(m,2H),2.2-2.33(m,2H),2.48-2.5(m,5H),2.64-2.68(m,1H),3.3-3.34(d,1H),3.49-3.53(m,1H),3.61-3.79(m,1H),3.88-3.97(m,1H),4.94-4.96(m,1H),5.22-5.48(m,1H)。m/z(M+H):365.2。
实施例38:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-(((R)-3-羟基吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例33,从中间体3和3-羟基吡咯烷起始。0.01g,灰白色固体;熔点:130-135℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.83(s,3H),0.93(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.35-1.42(m,1H),1.64-1.73(m,6H),1.85-1.98(m,3H),2.15-2.51(m,5H),2.64-2.68(m,2H),2.87-2.88(m,1H),3.35-3.48(m,1H),3.65-3.69(m,1H),3.89-3.98(m,1H),4.3(bs,1H),4.94(d,J=8Hz,0.8H),5.35(d,J=8.0Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):381.2。
实施例39:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例33,使用中间体3和哌啶起始。0.04gm,乳白色固体。熔点:100-103℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.39-1.41(m,2H),1.55-1.57(m,4H),1.62-1.65(m,4H),1.85-1.87(m,1H),1.99-2.01(s,1H),2.14-2.16(m,1H),2.33-2.36(m,4H),2.64-2.72(m,1H),3.35-3.53(m,2H),3.66-3.75(m,1H),3.88-3.98(m,1H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.28(d,J=52.2Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):379.3。
实施例40:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例35,使用中间体10和哌啶。0.09g,淡绿色固体。熔点:135-137℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.93(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.39-1.42(m,1H),1.61-1.88(m,7H),1.98-2.01(m,3H),2.25-2.34(s,6H),2.63-2.71(m,1H),3.3-3.34(d,1H),3.49-3.53(m,1H),3.55-3.97(m,3H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.33(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52.2Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):457.2。
实施例41:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-吗羟基哌啶-1-基)甲基)1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例33,使用中间体3和4-羟基哌啶
0.007g灰白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.83(s,3H),0.93(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.55-1.64(m,5H),1.86-1.94(m,3H),2.0-2.19(m,3H),2.2-2.35(m,1H),2.38-2.45(m,2H),2.64-2.74(m,3H),3.38-3.47(m,2H),3.66-3.78(m,2H),3.88-3.94(m,1H),4.93-4.95(d,J=9.4Hz,1H),5.36(d,J=51.0Hz,0.2H),5.48(d,J=51.0Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):395.3。
实施例42:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯基磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:叔丁基(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲硫基)苯硫基)甲基)环戊基氨基甲酸酯
向含中间体-3(0.40g,1.19mmol)和碳酸铯(0.972g,2.98mmol)的DMF悬浮液中,加入4-(甲硫基)苯硫酚(0.16g,2.98mmol),反应物在80℃加热过夜。反应混合物倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。残留物通过柱使用乙酸乙酯和己烷而纯化。0.295g,灰白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.30(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.79-2.04(m,5H),2.14(s,3H),2.63-2.70(m,1H),3.03-3.06(m,1H),4.48(s,1H),7.16-7.19(m,2H),7.24-7.26(m,2H)。m/z(M-100)+H:296.2。
步骤2:(1R,3S)N-叔丁氧基羰基-1,2,2-三甲基-3-({[4-(甲磺酰基)苯基]磺酰基}甲基)环戊胺
向含步骤1中间体(0.274g,0.69mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入mCPBA(间氯过氧苯甲酸)(1.2g,4.17mmol),在室温下搅拌4小时。用二氯甲烷稀释和萃取反应混合物,用NaHCO3溶液洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。所获得的化合物通过硅胶柱色谱法而纯化。0.250g,灰白色固体,熔点200-203℃,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.78(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.45(s,9H),1.46-1.49(m,1H),1.85-2.08(m,3H),2.25-2.35(m,1H),2.95-3.14(m,2H),3.14(s,3H),4.45(s,1H),8.13-8.18(m,4H),m/z(M-56)+H:404。
步骤-3:(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊胺盐酸化物
向含步骤2中间体(0.200g,0.0043mol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,加入3ml饱和的含干燥HCl的乙酸乙酯,搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm:0.74(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.50-1.55(m,1H),1.67(m,1H),1.81(m,2H),2.08-2.10(m,1H),2.47(s,3H),3.42-3.52(m,2H),7.8(bs,3H),8.2(m,4H)。m/z(M+H):360.1。
步骤4:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤3中间体(0.080g,0.22mmol)加入到搅拌的含中间体20(0.018g,0.11mmol)、K2CO3(0.038g,0.20mmol)、KI(0.013g,0.08mmol)的2mL DMSO悬浮液中。反应混合物在室温下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,反应混合物用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥和在减压下浓缩。所获得的粗产物通过柱色谱法使用含0.5%甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化。0.01g,白色固体。熔点:220-224℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.46-1.53(m,1H),1.60-1.70(m,2H),2.0-2.05(m,2H),2.29-2.39(m,2H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),3.11(s,3H),3.13-3.15(m,2H),3.32-3.49(m,2H),3.3-3.75(m,1H),3.87-3.96(m,1H),4.92(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.1(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.4((d,J=54Hz,0.2H),5.5(d,J=54Hz,0.8H),8.15-8.19(s,4H)。m/z(M+H):514.1。
实施例43:(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
在1ml DMSO中的实施例42步骤3的中间体(0.097g,0.244mmol)、K2CO3(0.14g,1.0mmol)和KI(0.02g,0.12mmol)与中间体22(0.046g,0.244mmol)偶联,其类似于实施例42的步骤-4,以提供0.02g白色固体的标题化合物。熔点163-166℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,6H),0.88(s,3H),1.08(s,3H),1.45-1.51(m,1H),1.98-2.03(m,1H),2.32-2.37(m,1H),2.61-2.63(m,1H),2.76-2.78(m,1H),3.11(s,3H),3.13-3.18(m,2H),3.26-3.87(m,4H),4.75(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.1(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.3(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),8.15-8.18(m,4H)。m/z(M+H):514.2。
实施例44:(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
在1ml DMSO中的实施例42的步骤3中间体(0.097g,0.255mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和KI(0.019g,0.12mmol)与中间体21(0.042g,0.25mmol)偶联,其类似于实施例40的步骤-4,以提供0.025g白色固体的标题化合物。熔点:162-166℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.48-1.51(m,1H),1.58-1.69(m,3H),1.98-2.03(m,1H),2.14-2.19(m,2H),2.22-2.35(m,3H),3.11(s,3H),3.14-3.15(m,2H),3.29-3.59(m,3H),3.62-3.73(m,1H),4.73-4.75(m,1H),8.18(s,4H)。m/z(M+H):496.1。
实施例45:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例42,用中间体10替代中间体3;0.03g,白色固体。M.P.:211-216℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),1.45-1.70(m,4H),1.98-2.04(m,1H),2.26-2.37(m,2H),2.65-2.72(m,1H),3.11(s,3H),3.15-3.30(m,3H),3.47-3.91(m,3H),4.92(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),5.37(d,J=53Hz,0.2H),5.49(d,J=53Hz,0.8H),8.12(s,4H)。m/z(M+H):514.1。m/z(M+H):514.1。
实施例46:(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例44,用中间体10替代中间体3。0.03g,白色固体。熔点:158-160℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.05(s,3H),1.47-1.71(m,4H),1.98-2.02(m,1H),.2.15-2.33(m,5H),3.11(s,3H),3.12-3.61(m,5H),4.74-4.75(m,1H),8.17(s,4H)。m/z(M+H):496.1。
实施例47:(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)--1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲基磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例43,从中间体10起始。0.02g灰白色固体,熔点172-175℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.88(m,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.45-1.75(m,4H),1.98-2.03(m,1H),2.32-2.37(m,1H),2.4-2.53(m,1H),2.72-2.79(m,1H),3.11(s,3H),3.13-3.18(m,2H),3.38-3.39(m,2H),3.65-3.95(m,2H),4.75(d,J=8.4Hz,0.8H),4.82(d,J=8.4Hz,0.2H),5.25(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.4(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),8.13-8.18(m,4H)。m/z(M+H):514.1。
含中间体6(0.5g,1.84mmol)、羰基二咪唑(0.59g,3.68mmol)和4-氟-N′-羟基苯甲脒(0.284g,1.84mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液在室温下搅拌24小时。浓缩反应混合物;加入甲苯和进一步回流24小时。在减压下甲苯被移除,粗制的混合物通过柱使用含乙酸乙酯5%的己烷而纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),1.21(m,3H),1.44(s,9H),1.57(s,3H),2.08-2.2(m,4H),3.3-3.37(m,1H),7.13-7.26(m,2H),8.09-8.12(m,2H)。m/z(M+H-100):290.1。
含干燥的HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体的乙酸乙酯溶液中,搅拌2小时。在减压下乙酸乙酯被移除;残留物用乙醚研磨,分离的固体用乙醚洗涤并干燥。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.76(s,3H),1.20(m,3H),1(s,3H),1.9(m,1H),2.18(m,2H),2.8(m,1H),3.62(m,1H),7.4-7.44(m,2H),8.05-8.09(m,2H),8.14(bs,3H)。m/z(M+H):290.1。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.1g,0.30mmol)、K2CO3(0.17g,1.22mmol)和KI(0.02g,0.12mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.058g,0.30mmol)的DMSO溶液,反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4浓缩,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.025g,白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.22(m,1H),1.59(m,1H),1.88(m,1H),1.97(m,1H),2.61(m,1H),2.69(m,1H),2.89(m,1H),3.41(m,1H),3.45(m,1H),3.69(m,1H),3.98(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.34(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51,0.2H),5.5(d,J=51,0.8H),7.14-7.19(m,2H),8.09-8.12(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):442.1。
制备类似于实施例48,使用中间体13、羰基二咪唑和4-氟-N′-羟基苯甲脒。0.065g,灰白色固体。MP 160-163℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.77-1.80(m,1H),1.93-1.98(m,1H),2.09-2.13(m,1H),2.46-2.49(m,2H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),3.35-3.41(m,2H),3.41-3.78(m,3H),3.9-3.99(m,1H),4.96(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.2(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51.1Hz,0.8H),7.14-7.19(m,2H),8.08-8.11(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):444.1。
步骤1:叔丁基[(1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(5-甲基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)环戊基]氨基甲酸酯
含中间体6、羰基二咪唑和N′-羟基乙脒的二氯甲烷溶液在室温下搅拌24小时。反应混合物被浓缩。加入甲苯和进一步回流24小时。在减压下移除甲苯和粗制的混合物通过柱色谱法使用含乙酸乙酯5%的己烷而纯化。m/z(M+H):310.2。
含干燥的HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体的乙酸乙酯溶液中,搅拌2小时。在减压下移除乙酸乙酯;残留物用乙醚研磨和分离的固体用乙醚洗涤并干燥。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.45(s,3H),2.07(m,1H),2.22-2.37(m,3H),2.4(s,3H),3.58(t,1H)。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.1g,0.40mmol)、K2CO3(0.225g,1.62mmol)和KI(0.033g,0.2mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中加入含中间体20(0.069g,0.36mmol)的DMSO溶液,在氮气环境下搅拌反应混合物12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得灰白色固体的产物。0.050g,白色固体。熔点:147-151℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.86-1.88(m,1H),1.90-1.93(m,1H),2.05-2.07(m,1H),2.29-2.37(m,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.61-2.75(m,1H),3.27-3.32(m,1H),3.39-3.50(m,2H),3.67-3.75(m,2H),3.90-3.99(m,1H),4.94(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.31(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):364.2。
实施例51:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(3-甲基-1,2.4-二唑-5-基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例50,从中间体13和N′-羟基乙脒起始
0.024g,灰白色固体。熔点:160-163℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.77(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),1.7-1.73(m,1H),1.86-1.89(m,2H),2.04-2.05(m,1H),2.2-2.3(m,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.65-2.8(m,1H),3.28-3.39(m,2H),3.51-3.55(m,1H),3.61-3.68(m,1H),3.89-3.95(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.20(d,J=9.20Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):364.2。
制备类似于实施例50,使用步骤1的中间体6和N′-羟基-2-甲基丙脒。0.015g,灰白色吸湿性固体。熔点:91-94℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.75(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.32-1.35(d,J=6.9,6H),1.79-1.83(m,1H),1.92-1.93(m,1H),2.05-2.07(m,1H),2.35-2.39(m,2H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),3.06-3.09(m,1H),3.29-3.80(m,4H),3.95-4.0(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.20(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):392.2。
实施例53:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3R)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
向含中间体7(0.2g,0.75mmole)的乙腈溶液中,加入对甲苯磺酸(0.28g,1.50mmol),反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用乙醚研磨,以提供所期望的产物。所获得的产物溶于1ml DMSO,加入K2CO3(0.202g,1.47mmol)、KI(0.081g,0.49mmol)和中间体-20(0.142g,0.75mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得灰白色固体的产物。0.08g,灰白色固体。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.89(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.59-1.61(m,1H),2.01-2.05(m,2H),2.11-2.15(m,2H),2.25-2.42(m,3H),2.62-2.73(m,1H),3.34-3.50(m,2H),3.65-3.76(m,1H),3.88-3.97(m,1H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.08(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):321.2。
步骤1:叔丁基{(1R,3R)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯:
向含中间体7(0.80g,0.003mol)的乙醇溶液中,加入50%的羟胺水溶液(6mL),加热至80-85℃,持续5小时。在反应完成之后,移除乙醇,用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。各层被分离和有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。获得0.85g,灰白色固体,m/z(M+1):300.2。
向含步骤-1中间体(0.42g,0.0014mol)的原乙酸三甲酯(5mL)溶液中,加入(1R)-(-)-樟脑磺酸(10mg),加热至100-105℃,持续5小时。在反应完成之后,在减压下移除原乙酸三甲酯,用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。各层被分离和有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法而纯化。0.270g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.74-1.78(m,1H),1.88-1.89(m,2H),2.15-2.20(m,2H),2.50-2.52(m,1H),2.53(s,3H),2.82-2.86(m,1H),4.52(s,1H)。m/z(M-100)+H:224.2。
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)溶液在0℃下加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.26g,0.0008moles)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用乙醚研磨,以提供所期望的产物。0.180g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),1.65-1.74(m,2H),1.90-1.95(m,1H),2.16-2.16(m,2H),2.57-2.63(m,1H),2.64(s,3H),2.80-2.85(m,1H),7.42(BS,3H)。m/z(M+1):224.2。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.07g,0.269mmol)、K2CO3(0.148g,1.07mmol)和KI(0.020g,0.12mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.051g,0.269mmol)的DMSO溶液,反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得灰白色固体的0.03g产物。熔点:121-123℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.98(s,6H),1.04(s,3H),1.3-1.42(m,1H),1.84-1.9(m,3H),2.17-2.4(m,2H),2.58(s,3H),2.62-2.88(m,2H),3.41-4.02(m,4H),4.96(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.37(d,J=52,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51,0.8H);m/z(M+H):378.2。
制备类似于实施例54,使用中间体14作起始原料。0.024g,白色固体。熔点:131-133℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.90(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.34-1.37(m,1H),1.57-1.76(m,4H),2.2-2.4(m,2H),2.56(s,3H),2.58-2.77(m,2H),3.3-3.93(m,4H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.16(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.36(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51.6Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):378.2。
向叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(通过中间体14和50%羟胺溶液反应而制备,根据实施例54步骤1所公开的方法)的THF溶液中,加入三氟乙酸酐和在室温下搅拌8小时。反应混合物在减压下浓缩,加入饱和的NaHCO3溶液,用乙酸乙酯(2×50mL)萃取,合并有机层,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.79(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.39-1.40(m,1H),1.43(s,3H),1.5(s,9H),1.75-1.83(m,1H),1.95-2.0(m,2H),2.22-2.27(m,1H),2.64-2.70(dd,1H),2.85-2.9(dd,1H),4.52(s,1H)。
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含中间体步骤-1(0.26g,0.83mol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用己烷研磨,以提供所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.89(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.33-1.49(s,1H),1.65-1.83(m,2H),1.9-1.96(m,1H),1.21-2.22(m,1H),2.68-2.74(dd,1H),2.92-2.97(dd,1H),8.0(bs,3H)。m/z(M+H):278.1。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.095g,0.50mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1.0mmol)和KI(0.033g,0.2mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体-20(0.095g,0.5mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物0.02g,白色固体。熔点130-131℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.92(s,6H),1.12(m,3H),1.3-1.45(m,1H),1.6(m,1H),1.7-1.75(m,2H),1.27-2.29(m,2H),2.69-2.78(m,2H),2.86-2.91(d,1H),3.3-3.99(m,4H),4.94(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.15(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51.2,0.2H),5.44(d,J=51,0.8H);m/z(M+H):432.1。
实施例56(20mg,0.046mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯,向其中加入用乙酸乙酯稀释的(4.4mg,0.046mmol)甲磺酸,搅拌2小时。分离出的固体被倾倒,用乙酸乙酯洗涤并干燥。0.02g,白色固体。熔点130-131℃。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.11(s,6H),1.39(m,3H),1.52-1.61(m,1H),1.83-1.9(m,2H),2.06-2.11(m,1H),2.38-2.4(m,1H),2.49-2.5(m,1H),2.61-2.63(m,1H),2.75(s,3H),2.79-2.81(m,1H),2.82-2.85(m,1H),3.76-3.95(m,2H),4.02-4.24(m,1H),4.74-4.79(m,1H),5.10(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.28(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.50(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.55(d,J=52Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):432.1。
实施例58:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-叔丁基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
向含三甲基乙酸(0.150g,0.0014mol)的DCM溶液中,加入CDI(0.356g,0.0021moles),搅拌2小时。在实施例56的步骤-1中所制备的叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯}(0.483g,0.00161mol)被加入和继续搅拌。在反应完成之后,用水稀释。各层被分离和有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。粗制的物质溶于甲苯(20mL),加热至120-125℃,持续10小时。在反应完成之后,在减压下移除甲苯,用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱纯化。0.321g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.40(s,9H),1.43(s,9H),1.74-1.78(m,1H),1.88-1.89(m,2H),2.15-2.20(m,2H),2.50-2.52(m,1H),2.82-2.86(m,1H),4.52(s,1H)。m/z(M-100)+H:266.2。
步骤2:(1S,3S)-3-((5-叔丁基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊胺盐酸化物
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.315g,0.86mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用己烷研磨,以提供所期望的产物。0.250g,白色固体,1H NMR(400MHz,d6 DMSO)ppm:0.80(s,3H),1.11(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.40(s,9H),1.74-1.78(m,1H),1.88-1.89(m,2H),2.15-2.20(m,2H),2.50-2.52(m,1H),2.82-2.86(m,1H),8.04(bs,3H)。m/z(M+1):266.2。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.3g,1.01mmol)、K2CO3(0.540g,4.05mmol)和KI(0.084g,0.5mmol)的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.182g,0.96mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物0.13g,灰白色固体,熔点:152-154℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)ppm:0.89(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.42(s,9H),1.58-1.79(m,4H),2.27-2.36(m,2H),2.56-2.79(m,3H),3.30-3.60(m,2H),3.75-3.77(m,1H),3.90-3.93(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H,),5.15(d,J=9.20Hz,0.2H,),5.35(d,J=51Hz,0.2H,),5.5(d,J=51Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+1):420.2。
向含叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(在实施例56的步骤-1中制备)(0.3g,1mmol)的甲苯溶液中,加入吡啶(0.079g,1mmol)和环己烷甲酰氯,搅拌3小时。反应混合物进一步回流12小时。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用0.1N HCl洗涤。分离乙酸乙酯层,干燥并浓缩,残留物通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含20%乙酸乙酯的己烷而纯化。m/z(M+1)-100:292.1。所获得的产物溶于乙酸乙酯。加入含HCl的乙酸乙酯饱和溶液(2mL),反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用己烷研磨,以提供所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.8(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.42-1.50(m,3H),1.52-1.72(m,2H),1.89-1.92(m,5H),1.95-1.98(m,3H),2.13-2.15(m,1H),2.51-2.54(m,1H),2.74(m,1H),3.02(m,1H),7.95(bs,3H)。
向搅拌下的含步骤-2中间体(0.15g,0.50mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和催化量的KI的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.95g,0.5mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.050g,灰白色固体。熔点:152-153℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.9(s,6H),1.2(s,3H),1.3-1.45(m,2H),1.40-1.85(m,11H),2.04-2.07(m,2H),2.26-2.29(m,2H),2.56-2.68(m,1H),2.74-2.78(m,2H),2.90-2.92(m,1H),3.30-3.34(m,1H),3.48-3.53(m,1H),3.60-3.8(m,1H),3.85-3.95(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2,0.8H,),5.25(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51,0.2H,),5.5(d,J=51,0.8H);)。m/z(M+H):446.2。
向含叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(在实施例56的步骤-1中制备)(0.40g,1.3mmoles)的甲苯(10mL)溶液中,在0-5℃下加入吡啶(0.317mL,4.0moles)和草酰氯单乙酯(0.233g,2.0mmoles),搅拌2小时。在2小时之后反应混合物将在油浴中加热至120-125℃,持续12小时。在反应完成之后,在减压下移除甲苯,用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。获得棕色粘块,将其通过柱色谱法纯化。0.25g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.43(s,9H),1.46(s,3H),1.72-1.78(m,1H),1.88-1.89(m,2H),1.97-2.00(m,2H),2.40-2.42(m,1H),2.64-2.68(m,1H),2.84-2.88(m,1H)。4.50(s,1H),4.52-4.56(m,2H),m/z(M-56)+H:326.1。
向含步骤-1中间体(0.26g,0.6mmol)的THF(10mL)溶液中,加入NaBH4(0.051g,1.36mmole)和在0-5℃下搅拌2小时。在反应完成之后,THF在减压下移除,用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。各层被分离和有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱色谱法纯化。0.090g,灰白色粘块,m/z(M+1)-100:240.2。
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-1中间体(0.085g,0.2mmoles)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用己烷研磨,以提供所期望的产物0.055g,白色固体,1H NMR(400MHz,d6 DMSO)δppm:0.85(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),1.27(s,3H),1.45-1.47(m,1H),1.69-1.75(m,2H),1.95-2.00(m,1H),2.12-2.15(m,1H),2.53-2.57(dd,1H),2.75-2.78(dd,1H),4.68(s,2H),5.97(bs,1H)。8.03(bs,3H),m/z(M+1):240.1。
向搅拌的含步骤-3中间体(0.15g,0.54mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和催化量的KI的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.95g,0.5mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.016g,灰白色固体。熔点-147-149℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.94(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),1.10(s,3H),1.40-1.42(m,1H),1.55-1.80(m,3H),2.20-2.40(m,2H),2.55-2.70(m,2H),2.81-2.87(m,1H),3.30-3.34(m,2H),3.40(s,2H),3.50-3.55(m,1H),3.61-3.69(m,1H),3.90-3.99(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.16Hz,0.8H),5.15(d,J=9.16Hz,0.2H),5.37(d,J=50.8Hz,0.2H),5.44(d,J=50.8Hz,0.8H),m/z(M+H):394.2。
向含叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(在实施例56的步骤-1中制备)(0.300g,1.0mmoles)的异丁腈(7mL)溶液中,在N2环境下加入ZnCl2(0.0410g,3.0mmol)、PTSA(0.057g,3.0mmol)。将其加热至90-95℃,持续6小时。在反应完成之后,在减压下移除异丙基氰化物,用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。各层被分离和有机层用Na2SO4干燥,用旋转蒸发仪浓缩。粗制的物质通过柱纯化。0.120g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.81(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.34(d,6H),1.43(s,9H),1.70-1.73(m,1H),1.95-2.00(m,2H),2.22-2.25(m,2H),2.55-2.59(m,1H),2.79-2.83(m,1H),3.17-3.19(m,1H),4.51(s,1H),.m/z(M-100)+H:252.2。
含HCl的乙酸乙酯(2mL)饱和溶液加入到含步骤-2中间体(0.11g,0.3mmole)的乙酸乙酯溶液中,反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。在减压下移除挥发物,用己烷研磨,以提供所期望的产物0.070g,灰白色粘块,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.87(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.34(d,6H),1.69-1.73(m,1H),1.95-2.00(m,2H),2.10-2.15(m,2H),2.55-2.59(m,1H),2.80-2.82(m,1H),3.22-3.24(m,1H),8.04(bs,3H)。m/z(M+1):252.2。
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.15g,0.52mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和催化量的KI的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.98g,0.5mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-异丙基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈。(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-异丙基-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈(0.032g,0.08mmole)溶于乙酸乙酯,加入含甲磺酸(7.9mg,0.08mmole)的1mL乙酸乙酯溶液,搅拌1小时。然后浓缩乙酸乙酯,用乙醚洗涤,以获得标题化合物。0.03g,灰白吸湿性固体。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:1.02(s,3H),1.09(s,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.37(d,6H),1.49-1.57(m,1H),1.84-1.89(m,2H),2.04-2.08(m,1H),2.35-2.38(m,1H),2.40-2.75(m,3H),2.80(s,3H),2.9-2.94(m,1H),3.26-3.29(m,1H),3.77-3.80(m,1H),3.90-3.95(m,1H),4.01-4.15(m,1H),4.20-4.35(m,1H),5.10(d,J=9.36Hz,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.36Hz,0.2H),5.55(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.56(d,J=51Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):406.2。
实施例62:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-3-((5-(4-氟苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例58,使用中间体叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(在实施例56的步骤-1中制备)、羰基二咪唑和4-氟苯甲酸。
1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:0.9(s,3H),1.0(s,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.43-1.48(m,1H),1.65-1.69(m,1H),1.71-1.8(m,1H),1.91-1.96(m,1H),2.20-2.23(m,1H),2.59-2.63(m,1H),2.66-2.88(m,1H),7.45-7.5(m,2H),8.0(bs,3H),8.14-8.18(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):303.2。
向搅拌的含步骤-2中间体(0.2g,0.58mmol)、K2CO3(0.138g,1mmol)和催化量的KI的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.112g,0.58mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.12g,灰白色固体。熔点158-160℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.96(s,6H),1.11(m,3H),1.41-1.71(m,6H),2.32-2.37(m,2H),2.61-2.88(m,3H),3.32-3.54(m,2H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.19-7.23(m,2H),8.13-8.15(m,2H);m/z(M+H):458.1.1。
实施例63:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(吡啶-4-基)-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例62,叔丁基{(1S,3S)-3-[(2Z)-2-氨基-2-(肟基)乙基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基}氨基甲酸酯(在实施例56步骤-1中制备)、羰基二咪唑和吡啶-4-羧酸。
0.025g,灰白色固体。熔点180-184℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm:0.96(s,6H),1.11(m,3H),1.41-1.71(m,6H),2.32-2.37(m,2H),2.65-2.75(m,2H),2.86-2.90(m,1H),3.32-3.54(m,2H),4.94-4.97(d,0.8H),5.12-5.15(d,0.2H),5.28-5.4(m,1H),7.96-7.97(m,2H),8.84-8.85(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):441.2。
实施例64:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-(3-(4-氟苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:(1R,3S)-甲基3-(3-(4-氟苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
向含(1S,3R)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸(1g,9.35mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入羰基二咪唑(1.51g,9.34mmol)、4-氟-N’-羟苯甲脒(0.791g,5.14mmol),搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,加入NH4Cl水溶液和二氯甲烷。分离有机层,干燥并浓缩。残留物溶于甲苯和回流24小时。挥发物在高真空下被移除,粗制化合物通过柱纯化。收率:0.8g;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.64(s,3H),1.28(s,3H),1.36(s,3H),1.58-1.60(m,1H),1.95-2.09(m,1H),2.35-2.49(m,1H),2.85-3.00(m,2H),3.75(s,3H),7.14-7.26(m,2H),8.07-8.11(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):333.1。
向含步骤-1中间体(0.8g,2.4mmole)的THF溶液中,加入溶解在水中的氢氧化锂(0.11g,4.8mmole),搅拌48小时。反应物在减压下浓缩,用水稀释,用乙醚洗涤。水层用浓HCl酸化,用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥并浓缩。收率:0.5g;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.72(s,3H),1.41(s,3H),1.44(s,3H),1.88(m.1H),2.04(m,1H),2.37(m,1H),2.92(m,2H),7.14-7.26(m,2H),8.07-8.11(m,2H)。m/z(M-H):317.1。
向维持在-10℃的含中间体2(0.5g,1.6mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液中,加入1滴DMF,接着加入草酰氯(0.16mL,1.73mmol),搅拌2小时。通过通入N2气体移除挥发物。残留物溶于乙醚,加入氨水(10ml),搅拌0.5小时。有机层被分离,水层用二氯甲烷(2×50mL)洗涤。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.71(s,3H),1.39(s,3H),1.45(s,3H),1.84-1.90(m.1H),1.96-1.99(m,1H),2.35-2.38(m,1H),2.81-2.93(m,1H),2.96-2.99(m,1H),5.39(s,1H),5.56(s,1H),7.14-7.18(m,2H),8.08-8.11(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):318.2。
步骤3中间体(0.4g,1.26mmol)溶于3mL乙酸乙酯、乙腈和水的溶剂混合物(按比例分别为1∶1∶0.5)中。向其中加入PIFA(0.76g,1.76mmol),搅拌,在45℃下保持5小时。反应物在室温下进一步搅拌8小时。过量的PIFA通过在70℃加热10分钟分解。反应混合物在减压下浓缩,用稀HCl酸化,用乙醚洗涤。分离水层,用NaHCO3溶液碱化,用二氯甲烷萃取,用水、盐水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。残留物溶于乙酸乙酯,加入含HCl的乙酸乙酯,搅拌。过滤分离的固体,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δppm:0.65(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.40(s,3H),1.77-1.90(m,2H),2.21-2.26(m,1H),2.77-2.80(m,1H),3.54-3.58(m,1H),7.39-7.44(m,2H),8.04-8.08(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):290.2。
向搅拌下的含步骤-4中间体(0.07g,0.21mmol)、K2CO3(0.116g,0.84mmol)和催化量KI的1ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入含中间体20(0.0.37g,0.19mmol)的DMSO溶液和反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌12小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,用色谱法纯化,以获得产物。0.04g,白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.68(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.41(s,3H),1.59-1.62(m.2H),1.65-1.83(m,1H),2.23-2.29(m,2H),2.61-2.73(m,1H),2.9-2.93(m,1H),3.02-3.06(m,1H),3.41-3.78(m,3H),3.92-4.01(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.20(d,J=52,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52,0.8H),7.14-7.26(m,2H),8.08-8.11(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):444.2。
制备类似于实施例64,从(1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸起始。0.035g,白色固体。M.P:127-131℃。
m/z(M+H):444.2。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.66(s,3H),1.21(s,3H),1.42(s,3H),1.42-1.62(m,2H)1.75-1.82(m,1H),2.18-2.40(m,2H),2.66-3.08(m,3H),3.60-3.97(m,4H),4.95-4.97(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.1(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.25(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.44(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.14-7.18(m,2H),8.07-8.11(m,2H)。
制备类似于实施例64,从步骤5的中间体21起始。
0.04g,白色固体。熔点:206-211℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.9(s,3H),1.4(s,3H),1.49(s,3H),2.03-2.04(m,2H),2.19-2.23(m,2H),2.34-2.36(m,2H),2.5-2.51(m,1H),2.81(s,3H),2.88-2.89(m,1H),3.52-3.54(m,1H),3.62-3.65(m,1H),3.78-3.82(m,1H),4.1-4.2(m,2H),4.82-4.84(m,1H),7.3-7.34(m,2H),8.0-8.06(m,2H)。m/z(M+H):426.1.2。
制备根据实施例64中所公开的方法,从(1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸和N′-羟基-2-甲基丙脒起始。0.045g,白色固体。熔点:82-85℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.60(s,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.32(s,3H),1.36(d,6H),1.50-1.8(m,3H),2.15-2.39(m,2H),2.61-2.86(m,2H),2.99-3.09(m,2H),3.44-3.78(m,2H),3.87-4.05(m,2H),4.95(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.20(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52,0.8H);m/z(M+H):392.2。
制备类似于实施例64,从(1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸N′-羟基吡啶-3-甲脒起始
0.017g,灰白色固体。熔点:126-130℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.68(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.44(s,3H),1.59-1.61(m,1H),1.80-1.82(m,1H),2.10-2.30(m,2H),2.65-2.75(m,1H),2.92-2.94(m,2H),3.04-3.08(m,1H),3.61-3.79(m,2H),3.88-3.97(m,2H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.11(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),7.43(t,J=5.48Hz,1H),8.37(d,J=8.16Hz,1H),8.74(d,J=4.64Hz,1H),9.32(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):427.2。
制备类似于实施例64,使用(1S,3R)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸N′-羟基吡啶-3-甲脒起始
0.031g,灰白色固体。熔点:70-75℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.63(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.4(s,3H),1.59-1.63(m,1H),1.77-1.84(m,1H),2.24-2.3(m,2H),2.66-2.74(s,1H),2.9-2.95(m,1H),3.02-3.06(m,1H),3.41-3.78(m,3H),3.93-4.02(m,1H),4.96(d,J=9.1Hz,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H),7.42(t,J=4.92Hz,1H),8.37(d,J=7.96Hz,1H),8.73(d,J=4.64Hz,1H),9.31(s,1H);m/z(M+H):427.2。
制备类似于实施例64,使用((1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸和N′-羟基吡啶-4-甲脒起始
0.03g。灰白色固体。熔点:149-153℃。m/z(M+H):427.2。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.63(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.4(s,3H),1.51-1.56(m,1H),1.7-1.77(m,1H),2.12-2.22(m,2H),2.59-2.66(s,1H),2.83-2.87(m,1H),2.96-3.01(m,1H),3.37-3.41(m,1H),3.53-3.9(m,3H),4.88(d,J=9.1Hz,0.8H),4.98(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H),5.30(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.88(d,J=5.88Hz,2H),8.68(d,J=4.72Hz,2H)。m/z(M+H):427.2。
制备类似于实施例63,使用((1S,3R)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸和N′-羟基吡啶-4-甲脒起始。
0.020g,灰白色固体。熔点:167-171℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.68(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.43(s,3H),1.60-1.62(m,1H),1.78-1.85(m,1H),2.24-2.31(m,2H),2.66-2.74(m,1H),2.90-2.93(m,1H),3.04-3.08(m,1H),3.43-3.54(m,2H),3.64-3.79(m,1H),3.93-4.02(m,1H),4.96(d,J=9.1Hz,0.8H),5.15(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H),5.32(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51Hz,0.8H),7.97(d,J=9.42Hz,2H),8.77(d,J=4.88Hz,2H);m/z(M+H):427.2。
制备类似于实施例64((1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸,使用N′-羟基吡嗪-2-甲脒。
0.04g,白色固体。熔点:65-70℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.7(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.46(s,3H),1.5-1.6(m,2H),1.8-1.87(m,1H),2.2-2.39(m,2H),2.66-2.77(m,1H),2.98-3.09(m,2H),3.44-3.88(m,2H),3.91-3.97(m,1H),4.95(d,J=9.1Hz,0.8H),5.10(d,J=9.1Hz,0.2H),5.29(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52.8Hz,0.8H),8.72(d,J=2.32Hz,1H),8.77(d,J=1.68Hz,1H),9.3(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):428.2。
制备类似于实施例64,使用((1S,3R)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸N′-羟基乙脒。0.04g,灰白色固体。M.P:144-147℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.77(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.17(s,3H),1.58-1.61(m.1H),1.71-1.76(m,1H),2.2-2.25(m,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.65-2.73(m,1H),2.8-2.82(m,1H),2.97-3.02(m,1H),3.38-3.42(m,1H),3.48-3.52(m,1H),3.62-3.74(m,1H),3.91-4.0(m,1H),4.94(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.18(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):364.2。
制备类似于实施例64,使用((1R,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊烷羧酸N′-羟基乙脒起始。0.06g,灰白色固体。熔点:137-141℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.63(s,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.55-1.58(m.1H),1.69-1.77(m,2H),2.14-2.29(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),2.65-2.85(m,2H),2.97-3.02(m,1H),3.42-4.05(m,4H),4.95(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.25(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.36(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):364.2。
实施例75:(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-2,4-二氧代-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含中间体15(0.13g,0.61mmol)、K2CO3(0.17g,1.2mmol)和催化量的KI的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体21(0.106g,0.61mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含2%甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得0.025g产物,白色固体。熔点141-144℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.8(s,3H),1.1(s,3H),1.2(s,3H),1.80-1.88(m,2H),1.91-1.98(m,3H),2.09-2.21(m,3H),2.29-2.31(m,2H),3.08(s,3H),3.5(m,1H),3.54(m,1H),3.88-3.92(dd,1H),4.81(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):347.1。
实施例76:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含中间体16(0.12g,0.66mmol)、K2CO3(0.27g,1.8mmol)和催化量的KI的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.125g,0.66mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含2%甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得0.055g产物,灰白色固体。熔点122-126℃,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82-0.85(2S,6H),0.92(s,3H),1.57-1.68(m,3H),1.87-1.89(m,2H),1.91-1.98(m,1H),2.16-2.29(m,1H),2.3(s,3H),2.38(s,2H),2.52-2.55(m,1H),2.64-2.71(m,1H),3.37-3.96(m,3H),4.92(d,J=9.2,0.8H),5.22(d,J=9.2,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51,0.8H);m/z(M+H):337。
实施例77:(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例75,通过中间体16和中间体22偶联。
0.015g,白色固体。熔点74-79℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.8(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.0(s,3H),1.59-1.66(m,2H),1.85(m,1H),2.16-2.19(d,1H),2.29(s,3H),2.31-2.34(m,3H),2.5(m,1H),2.56-2.58(m,1H),2.75-2.77(m,1H),3.31-3.91(m,4H),4.75(t,J=8.2Hz,0.8H),5.08(t,J=8.2Hz,0.2H),5.25(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51.2Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):337.1。
实施例78:(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例75,通过中间体16和中间体21偶联。0.03g,白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.82(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.9(s,3H),1.25(s,1H),1.59-1.67(m,3H),1.86(m,1H),2.16-2.19(m,3H),2.23(s,3H),2.29-2.35(m,4H),2.53-2.56(dd,1H),3.35-3.43(m,2H),3.59(bs,1H),4.74-4.76-4.96(m,1H);m/z(M+H):319.3。
实施例79:(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含中间体17(0.05g,0.27mmol)、K2CO3(0.11g,0.79mmol)和KI(0.049g,0.3mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体-21(0.046g,0.27mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得产物。0.009g,白色固体。熔点174-177℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.99(s,3H),1.04(s,6H),1.78-2.34(m,8H),3.39-3.60(m,4H),3.88(m,2H),4.06(d,J=10.6Hz,1H),4.80(m,1H);m/z(M+H):319.3。
实施例80:(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含中间体18(0.1g,0.59mmol)、K2CO3(0.16g,1.1mmol)和KI(0.049g,0.29mmo1)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体21(0.081g,0.47mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得产物。0.01g,黄色粘块。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.75(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),1.57-1.68(m,4H),1.88-1.93(m,1H),2.18-2.21(m,2H),2.23-2.31(m,2H),3.04-3.07(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),3.34-3.38(m,3H),3.53-3.56(m,1H),3.69-3.72(d,J=10.52Hz,2H),4.74-4.75(d,J=6.0Hz,0.8H),5.8-5.82(d,J=6.0Hz,0.2H);m/z(M+H):306.2。
实施例81:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
向搅拌的含中间体18(0.0.55g,0.325mmol)、K2CO3(0.134g,0.97mmol)和KI(0.053g,0.33mmol)的2ml DMSO悬浮液中,加入中间体20(0.61g,0.325mmol)。反应混合物在氮气环境下搅拌8小时。在反应完成之后,将其用乙酸乙酯和水稀释。各层被分离,水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤2次。合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩和通过硅胶柱色谱法使用含甲醇的二氯甲烷而纯化,以获得产物。0.007g,白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.75(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.6-1.73(m,4H),1.89-1.95(m,1H),2.25-2.45(m,1H),2.64-2.72(m,1H),3.05-3.08(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),3.28-3.39(m,2H),3.49-3.58(m.1H),3.69-3.71(d,J=9.6Hz,2H),3.83-3.92(m,1H),4.93(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.12(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=51Hz,0.8H)。m/z(M+H):324.2。
实施例82:(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,5S)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈
制备类似于实施例-80,通过中间体19和中间体20的偶联
0.005g白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:0.75(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),1.6-1.73(m,4H),1.89-1.95(m,1H),2.25-2.45(m,1H),2.64-2.72(m,1H),3.05-3.08(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),3.28-3.39(m,2H),3.49-3.58(m.1H),3.70-3.71(d,J=9.9Hz,2H),3.83-3.92(m,1H),4.96(d,J=9.2Hz,0.8H),5.00(d,J=9.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=52Hz,0.2H),5.45(d,J=52Hz,0.8H);m/z(M+H):324.2。
实施例83:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-(3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
步骤1:(1S,3R)-甲基3-(羟甲基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
在保持在N2环境下,向含步骤I中间体的中间体I(0.59g,2.7mmol)的THF溶液中,逐滴加入硼烷-二甲基硫醚络合物(0.28mL,6mmol)和在室温下搅拌。在反应完成之后,反应用过硫酸氢钾(oxone)和水淬灭。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用Na2SO4干燥和在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过柱色谱法纯化以获得0.55g所期望的产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ0.89(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.36-1.41(m,1H),1.72-1.88(m,2H),2.09-2.19(m,1H),2.79-2.84(t,J=9.2过硫酸氢钾,1H),3.52-3.60(q,J=10.8过硫酸氢钾,2H),3.68(s,3H);m/z(M+H):201.2。
步骤2:甲基(1S,3R)-3-甲酰基-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
向含步骤I中间体(1.1g,1.016mmol)的30ml二氯甲烷溶液中,加入氯铬酸吡啶鎓盐(2.96g,13.75mmol)、MgSO4(1.72g,14.3mmol)和1.5g硅藻土。反应混合物搅拌1.5小时。在完成之后,反应混合物被浓缩,粗制的物质通过硅胶柱色谱法(100% DCM.)立即纯化,以提供所期望的无色液体产物(0.8g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.89(s,3H)1.18(s,3H),1.29(s,3H),1.52-1.61(m,1H),1.89-1.98(m,1H),1.99-2.32(m,1H),2.39-2.52(m,1H),2.80-2.85(m,1H),3.68-3.69(s,3H),9.67(s,1H)。m/z(M+H):199。
步骤3:甲基(1S,3S)-3-[(3-叔丁氧基-3-氧代丙-1-烯-1-基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
向含氢化钠(0.242g,10.08mmol)的干燥四氢呋喃(10mL)悬浮液中,在0℃下和N2环境中加入叔丁基二乙基膦酰乙酸酯(1.23g;5.24mmol),搅拌40分钟。加入步骤1中间体(0.3g;4.3mmol),搅拌1.5小时。在完成之后,反应混合物用KHSO4溶液酸化,用乙酸乙酯萃取。萃取的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩和在高真空下干燥。化合物通过硅胶柱色谱法而纯化,以提供所期望的无色液体产物(0.95g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.72(s,3H),1.02(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),1.46(s,9H),1.52-1.54(m,1H),1.58-1.93(m,1H),1.94-2.04(m,1H),2.09-2.29(m,1H),2.83-2.87(m,1H),3.66(s,3H),5.68(d,J=4,1H),6.93(d,J=8,1H)。
步骤4:叔丁基3-(1S,3S)-3-乙酰氧基-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基)丙酸酯
向含步骤-2中间体(0.95g;3.2mmol)的甲醇(30mL)溶液中,加入甲酸铵(1.21g;19.26mmol)和干燥的10% Pd/C(0.225g),在60-65℃下搅拌20分钟。在完成之后,反应混合物通过硅藻土床过滤,所得滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,在高真空下干燥,以提供所期望的无色粘块化合物(0.865g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.71(s,3H),0.82(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),1.41(s,9H),1.45-1.80(m,5H),2.09-2.15(m,2H),2.22-2.29(m,1H),2.80-2.85(m,1H),3.68(s,3H)。
步骤5:3-[(1S,3S)-3-(甲氧羰基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]丙酸
向搅拌下的含步骤-3中间体(0.86g,2.88mmol)的二氯甲烷(15mL)溶液中,在室温下加入三氟乙酸(6.14mL)。在1.5小时之后,浓缩反应混合物和在减压下干燥。化合物通过硅胶柱色谱法而纯化,以提供所期望的无色粘块产物(0.664g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.71(s,3H),0.83(s,3H),1.02(s,3H),1.22-1.28(m,1H),1.41-1.48(m,1H),1.52-1.76(m,3H),1.79-1.88(m,1H),2.15-2.23(m,1H),2.25-2.41(m,1H),2.39-2.52(m,1H),2.81-2.86(m,1H),3.68(s,3H)。m/z(M-H):241。
步骤6:甲基(1S,3S)-3-(3-羟丙基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯
向含步骤4中间体(0.645g,2.66mmol)的干燥THF(10mL)溶液中,在N2环境下,在30分钟之内通过隔膜(septum)缓慢加入硼烷二甲基硫醚(0.328mL,3.46mmol),搅拌过夜。反应混合物用水、过硫酸氢钾淬灭,然后搅拌30分钟。接着反应混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用硫酸钠干燥和在减压下浓缩,以提供所期望的无色液体产物(0.565g)。m/z(M+18):246。
步骤-7:甲基(1S,3S)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-{3-[(甲磺酰基)氧基]丙基}环戊烷羧酸酯的合成
向含步骤-5中间体(0.565g,2.47mmol)和三乙胺(1.036mL,7.43mmol)的二氯甲烷(15mL)溶液中,在0℃下加入甲磺酰氯(0.886mL,4.95mmol)。1小时之后,反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩。残留物通过硅胶柱色谱法而纯化,以提供所期望的无色粘块产物(0.695g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.73(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.02(s,3H),1.28-1.43(m,2H),1.44-1.48(m,1H),1.62-1.69(m,2H),1.73-1.86(m,2H),2.17-2.22(m,1H),2.81-2.86(m,1H),2.94(s,3H),3.68(s,3H),4.22-4.23(t,2H)。
步骤8:甲基(1S,3S)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-[3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基]环戊烷羧酸酯
向含1,2,4-三唑(0.108g,1.56mmol)和K2CO3(0.325g,2.3mmol)的DMF(1mL)悬浮液中,在60-65℃,加入溶解于DMF(0.5mL)的步骤6中间体(0.48g,1.56mmol)。反应混合物在80℃下搅拌2.5小时。然后反应混合物用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。萃取的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩和在高真空下干燥,以提供所期望的产物;(0.34g)浅棕色粘块。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.71(s,3H),0.85(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.27-1.32(m,2H),1.39-1.51(m,1H),1.52-1.66(m,2H),1.82-1.88(m,2H),2.79-2.84(m,1H),2.84-2.88(m,1H),3.67(s,3H),4.12-4.17(t,2H),7.94(s,1H),8.05(s,1H),m/z(M+1)279。
步骤9:(1S,3S)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-[3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基]环戊烷羧酸
向含步骤-7中间体(0.51g,1.82mmol)四氢呋喃(9mL)和甲醇(5mL)溶液中,加入LiOH(0.52g,21.93mmol)的3ml水溶液,搅拌。反应混合物在70-75℃加热7-8小时。反应混合物在减压下浓缩。残留物溶于水,用乙酸乙酯萃取。水层用KHSO4溶液(pH 1)酸化,用乙酸乙酯萃取。萃取的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩,以提供所期望的白色固体产物(0.3g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:.67(s,3H),0.79(s,3H),0.92(s,3H),1.03-1.17(m,2H),1.26-1.39(m,1H),1.40-1.48(m,1H),1.56-1.64(m,2H),1.71-1.83(m,1H),1.84-1.89(m,1H),2.63-2.67(m,1H),4.07(t,J=8,2H),7.87(s,1H),8.43(s,1H),11.90(bs,1H)。m/z(M+H)266。
步骤-10:(1S,3S)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-[3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基]环戊烷甲酰胺的合成
向含步骤-8中间体(0.3g,1.13mmol)和三乙胺(0.173g,1.24mmol)的THF(7mL)溶液中,在0°下加入氯甲酸乙酯(0.118mL,1.24mmo1)。反应混合物在0℃下搅拌30分钟。向该反应混合物滴加23%氨水(9mL),搅拌过夜。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用Na2SO4干燥,和在减压下浓缩以提供所期望的灰白色固体产物(0.23g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.63(s,3H),0.80(s,3H),0.90(s,3H),1.12-1.18(m,3H),1.27-1.38(m,1H),1.42-1.53(m,2H),1.58-1.75(m,1H),1.77-1.85(m,1H),1.87-1.97(m,1H),4.14(t,J=8Hz,2H),6.73(bs,1H),6.97(bs,1H),7.95(s,1H),8.50(s,1H)。m/z(M+H)265。
步骤11:(1S,3R)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-[3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基]环戊胺
步骤9中间体(0.24g,1.016mmol)溶于乙腈(3mL)、乙酸乙酯(3mL)、水(1.5mL)的溶剂混合物中。向其中加入PIFA(0.547g,1.272mmol)和在10℃下搅拌40分钟。在温度维持在50℃7小时之后。反应物在室温下进一步搅拌8小时。反应混合物加热至70℃,持续10分钟和在减压下浓缩,用KHSO4溶液(pH 1)酸化,用二氯甲烷萃取。水层用NaOH溶液碱化,用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层浓缩和在高真空下干燥。化合物通过氧化铝柱色谱法而纯化,以提供所期望的浅棕色粘块产物(0.1g)。m/z(M+1):237。
步骤12:(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-(3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈
含步骤-10中间体(0.095g,0.40mmol)、K2CO3(0.167g,1.207mmol)和KI(3mg)的DMSO(1mL)悬浮液在室温下搅拌。向其中加入中间体20(0.06g,0.32mmol),搅拌3.5小时。反应混合物用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,在减压下浓缩和在真空下干燥。化合物通过硅胶柱色谱法而纯化,以提供所期望的浅棕色固体产物(0.023g)。M.P 152-154℃。1H NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.77(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),1.19-1.31(m,3H),1.39-1.47(m,1H),1.50-1.71(m,1H),1.72-1.89(m,1H),1.90-2.16(m,2H),2.30-2.43(m,1H),2.68-2.89(m,1H),2.91-2.97(m,1H),3.37-3.55(m,1H),3.62-3.77(m,2H),3.89-4.02(m,1H),4.14(t,J=8Hz,2H),4.95(d,J=11.2Hz.0.8H),5.11(d,J=11.2Hz,0.2H),5.35(d,J=51.2Hz,0.2H),5.48(d,J=51.2Hz,0.8H),7.94(s,1H),8.05(s,1H)。m/z(M+1)391.2。
待测化合物在体外功效的证明
DPP IV测定的方案:
在体外的DPP IV测量:DPP IV活性通过7-氨基4-甲基香豆素(AMC)从底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC的裂解速度被测量。简单的说,通过添加含3ng的人重组二肽基肽酶IV酶(hrDPP IV,从R&D系统可以商业购买到)的70μL的测试缓冲剂(25mM HEPES,140mM NaCl和1% BSA,pH 7.8)到96孔黑色平底微孔板,进行该测定。待测化合物以10μL量加入到所有的孔中,除了空白的和总活性的孔。在室温下用酶温育待测物质60分钟之后,加入10μL的100μM底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC。混合后,该盘在室温下放置20分钟。然后反应通过加入10μL的25%冰乙酸被中断。测定荧光,使用Spectra MaxGemini XS(Molecular Devices.,USA)、采用360nm的激发光滤光片和460nm的发射光滤光片。
IC50测试的研究:待测化合物溶解在DMSO中,用测定缓冲剂稀释成不同浓度和一式两份进行测试。关于总活性的百分比抑制作用被计算。IC50值使用Prism软件计算。
DPP 8测定的方案:
在体外DPP 8的测量:DPP 8活性通过7-氨基4-氟甲基香豆素(AFC)从底物H-Ala-Pro-AFC的裂解速度被测量。简单的说,该测定是通过添加含30ng的人重组二肽基肽酶8酶(hrDPP 8,从R&D系统可以商业购买到)的70μL的测试缓冲剂(50mM TRIS和5mMEDTA,pH 7.7)到96孔黑色平底微孔板。待测化合物以10μL量加入到所有的孔中,除了空白的和总活性的孔。在室温下用酶温育待测试物质30分钟之后,加入10μL的100μM底物H-Ala-Pro-AFC。混合后,该盘在室温下放置30分钟。然后反应通过加入10μL的25%冰乙酸被中断。测定荧光,使用Spectra Max Gemini XS(MolecularDevices.,USA)、采用的400nm的激发光滤光片和505nm的发射光滤光片。
IC50测试的研究:待测化合物溶解在DMSO中,用测定缓冲剂稀释成不同浓度和一式两份进行测试。关于总活性的百分比抑制作用被计算。IC50值使用Prism软件计算。
DPP 9测定的方案:
在体外DPP 9的测量:DPP 9活性通过7-氨基4-甲基香豆素(AMC)从底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC的裂解速度被测量。简单的说,该测定是通过添加含10ng的人重组二肽基肽酶9酶(hrDPP 9,从R&D系统可以商业购买到)的70μL的测试缓冲剂(50mM TRIS和5mMEDTA,pH 7.7)到96孔黑色平底微孔板。待测化合物以10μL量加入到所有的孔中,除了空白的和总活性的孔。在室温下用酶温育待测试物质30分钟之后,加入10μL的100μM底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC。混合后,该盘在室温下放置30分钟。然后反应通过加入10μL的25%冰乙酸被中断。测定荧光,使用Spectra Max Gemini XS(MolecularDevices.,USA)、采用的360nm的激发光滤光片和460nm的发射光滤光片。
IC50研究的测试:待测化合物溶解在DMSO中,用测定缓冲剂稀释成不同浓度和一式两份地进行测试。关于总活性的百分比抑制作用被计算。IC50值使用Prism软件计算。
DPP IV抑制作用数据(表示为在300nM化合物浓度时的纳摩尔或百分比的IC50)显示在表1中。
表1:使用人重组DPP-IV酶的DPP-IV抑制作用和对DPP 8 & 9的选择性
*通过使用人血浆所筛选的化合物
如表1中所示,式(I)化合物显示出有效的DPP IV相对于DPP 8和DPP 9酶的良好的选择性。
待测化合物体内功效的证明
口服葡萄糖耐受测试的方案:
化合物对葡萄糖耐受效果通过7周龄的C57BL/6小鼠检测。动物禁食18小时,给予化合物(10mg/kg)30分钟之后给予葡萄糖(2g/kg)。在给药前和葡萄糖给予后的一系列时间点(30,60和120分钟),葡萄糖测量用的血样通过尾部采血获得。通过使用血糖仪(Bayer)的ContourTS活性带而评估血糖。为了发现葡萄糖变化范围的时间响应,在化合物给药后的不同时间点(0.5,2,4,6,8,12或24小时),动物被给予葡萄糖,在给予葡萄糖前(0分钟)和给予葡萄糖后(30,60和120分钟),血糖被测量。
血糖的结果表示为使用Prism软件计算的曲线下面积(AUC)。
表-2:在小鼠中选择的合物的抗高血糖活性,如口服葡萄糖耐受试验所测量。
NA-无活性
如表2中所总结的,本发明的实施例显示出在给予化合物12小时之后,AUC(曲线下面积)降低最多为29.62%。
Claims (14)
1.式(I)化合物,
它们的衍生物、类似物、互变异构体形式、立体异构体、多晶型、水合物、溶剂合物、中间体、药学上可接受的盐、药物组合物、代谢产物和其前药;其中Y表示-O-、-S(O)p-、-CH2-、-CHOH-、-CHF-或-CF2-;m、n和p是独立选自0、1或2的整数;X表示键、C1-C5亚烷基或-C(=O)-;
R1代表氢,任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、芳基炔基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环烷基、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、杂芳基烯基、杂芳基炔基、-N3、-S(O)pR10、-NR10S(O)pR11、-CN、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-OR10、-NR10R11或-NR10COR11或选自以下的基团:
R12代表氢或经取代的或未经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基、酰基、羟基烷基、卤代烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环环、杂环烷基、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、羧酸或羧酸衍生物,所述衍生物选自酯、酰胺、酰卤、异羟肟酸、异羟肟酸盐和异羟肟酸酯;
R2、R3和R4独立表示氢、羟基、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基、氰基、羟基烷基、烷氧基、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、苯基-S(O)p-烷基、氨基、-NR10R11或苯基烷基,其中所述苯基任选独立地被一个或多个烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氰基、卤素、烷基磺酰基、烷硫基、-CO2烷基、-COOH、-CONH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、羟基、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基所取代,或R2和R4可以共同组合以形成任选地经取代的具有0-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子的4-10元环;
R5表示氢或任选地经取代的烷基基团;
R6表示氢或任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、烷氧基烷基、羟基烷基、氨基、R9NH烷基和R9NHC(NH)NH烷基;
R7和R9独立表示氢、烷基或羟基;
R8为氢、-CN、-COOH或羧酸的电子等排物,其包括SO3H、B(OH)2、PO3R10R11、SO2NR10R11、四唑、-COOR10、-CONR10R11、-NR10COR11和-COOCOR10;
R10和R11独立表示氢、硝基、羟基、氰基、甲酰基、乙酰基、卤素或任选地经取代的基团,所述基团选自氨基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、环烯基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、杂环烷基、杂环基烷基、杂芳基烷基、羧酸或羧酸衍生物,所述衍生物选自酯、酰胺、酰卤、异羟肟酸、异羟肟酸盐和异羟肟酸酯;
当基团R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11和R12是经取代的或当术语“经取代的”被使用时,所述取代基是一个或多个且选自卤素、羟基、硝基、氰基、叠氮基、亚硝基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、硫代烷基、氨基、肼基、甲酰基、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、芳基烷氧基、环烷基、环烷氧基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、烷基氨基、甲苯基、-COORa、-C(O)Ra、-C(S)Ra、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(S)NRaRb、-NRaC(O)NRbRc、-NRaC(S)NRbRc、-N(Ra)SORb、-N(Ra)SO2Rb、-NRaC(O)ORb、-NRaRb、-NRaC(O)Rb、-NRaC(S)Rb、-SONRaRb、-SO2NRaRb、-ORa、-ORaC(O)ORb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)Ra、-RaNRbRc、-RaORb、-SRa、-SORa和-SO2Ra;所述取代基任选地进一步被一个或多个上述所定义的取代基所取代;
其中Ra、Rb和Rc独立地表示氢或经取代的或未经取代的基团,所述基团选自烷基、亚烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、杂环烷基、环烷基和环烯基;或Ra和Rb可以组合在一起以形成一个具有4-8个原子的环结构。
2.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中:当烷氧基基团存在时,该烷氧基基团选自甲氧基、乙氧基、正-丙氧基、异丙氧基、正-丁氧基、异丁氧基和叔丁氧基;当芳氧基基团存在时,该芳氧基基团选自苯氧基和萘氧基;当卤素存在时,该卤素是氟、氯、溴或碘;当烷基基团存在时,该烷基基团为甲基、乙基、正-丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基或辛基;当烯基基团存在时,该烯基基团是乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、异-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-丁烯基或2-丁烯基;当炔基基团存在时,该炔基基团是乙炔基、丙炔基或丁炔基;当环烷基基团存在时,该环烷基基团是环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环辛基、环庚基、全氢萘基、金刚烷基、桥连的环的基团或螺二环基团;当环烯基基团存在时,该环烯基基团选自环戊烯基和环己烯基;当杂环烷基或杂芳基基团存在时,该杂环烷基或杂芳基基团是杂环基基团,所述基团选自氮杂环丁烷基、吖啶基、苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并二烷基、苯并呋喃基、咔唑基、噌啉基、二氧杂环戊基、吲嗪基、萘啶基、全氢氮杂基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩嗪基、酞嗪基、吡啶基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四唑基、咪唑基、四氢异喹啉基、2-氧代氮杂氮杂吡咯基、胡椒基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡唑基、唑基、唑啉基、三唑基、茚满基、异唑基、异唑烷基、噻唑基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、噻吩基、异噻唑基、奎宁环基、异噻唑烷基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、二氢吲哚基、异二氢吲哚基、八氢吲哚基、八氢异吲哚基、十氢异喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、噻二唑基、苯并吡喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并二唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并唑基、二唑基、苯并吲唑基、吲唑基、苯基哌啶基、呋喃基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、哌嗪基、高哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶并哌啶基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、哌啶酮基、2-氧代哌嗪基、2-氧代哌啶基、吡咯烷基、2-氧代吡咯烷基、唑烷基、色满基、异色满基、氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷、3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛酮、3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮和3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷;当芳基基团存在时,该芳基基团是苯基、萘基、蒽基、茚满基或联苯基;当亚烷基基团存在时,该亚烷基基团是亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基或亚丁基;当羟基烷基基团存在时,该羟基烷基基团是羟甲基或羟乙基;当卤代烷基基团存在时,该卤代烷基基团是三氟甲基、三溴甲基或三氯甲基;当卤代烷氧基基团存在时,该卤代烷氧基基团选自氯甲氧基、氯乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、三氟乙氧基和三氯甲氧基;当杂环基烷基存在时,该杂环基烷基基团选自二唑基甲基、三唑基甲基、四唑基甲基、吗啉基甲基、吡咯烷基甲基、哌啶基甲基、1,2-噻嗪烷1,1-二氧化物-基甲基和异噻唑烷基1,1-二氧化物-基甲基;当杂芳基烯基基团存在时,该杂芳基烯基基团选自吡啶基乙烯基、噻吩基乙烯基和三唑基乙烯基;且当杂芳基炔基基团存在时,该杂芳基炔基基团选自吡啶基乙炔基和噻吩基乙炔基。
3.如在权利要求1中所述的式(I)的化合物,其选自:
1.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
2.(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
3.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
4.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
5.(2S,4R)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
6.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
7.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
8.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
9.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
10.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
11.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
12.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((2H-1,2,3-三唑-2-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
13.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
14.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-羰基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
15.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
16.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((4-(羟甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
17.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺;
18.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)甲磺酰胺;
19.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺;
20.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4-氟苯磺酰胺;
21.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-2-氟苯甲酰胺;
22.N-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺;
23.N-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基)-4,4-二氟环己烷甲酰胺;
24.6-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈;
25.6-(((1R,3S)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈;
26.2-(((1S,3R)-3-(2-((2S,4S)-2-氰基-4-氟吡咯烷-1-基)-2-氧代乙氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲氨基)烟腈;
27.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基氨基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
28.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
29.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代异噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
30.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-[(1,1-二氧代-1,2-噻唑烷-2-基)甲基]-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
31.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈甲磺酸盐;
32.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-((1H-四唑-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
33.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
34.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
35.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吗啉基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈二甲磺酸盐;
36.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
37.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(吡咯烷-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
38.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-(((R)-3-羟基吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
39.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
40.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
41.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-3-((4-羟基哌啶-1-基)甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
42.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
43.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
44.(S)-1-(2-((1R,3S)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
45.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
46.(S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
47.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-1,2,2-三甲基-3-((4-(甲磺酰基)苯磺酰基)甲基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
49.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-(3-(4-氟苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
53.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1R,3R)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈;
69.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,3S)-2,2,3-三甲基-3-(3-(吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基)环戊基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
75.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-2,4-二氧代-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
76.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
77.(2S,4R)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
78.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
79.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-2-氧代-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
80.(S)-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
81.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;
82.(2S,4S)-4-氟-1-(2-((1S,5S)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-基氨基)乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-腈;和
83.(2S,4S)-1-(2-((1S,3R)-3-(3-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基氨基)乙酰基)-4-氟吡咯烷-2-腈。
5.根据权利要求4所述的式(II)化合物,其为它的游离的、盐的或经保护的形式
其中R1、R2、R3、R4,PG和X是如之前所定义的。
6.根据权利要求5所述的式(II)化合物,其选自式(II-1)、(II-2)和(II-3)的化合物
其中基团n、R1、R12和PG是如之前所定义的。
8.根据权利要求5所述的式(II)化合物,其选自:
1.(1S,3R)-甲基3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯;
2.叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯;
3.((1S,3R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-2,2,3-三甲基环戊基)甲基甲磺酸酯;
4.叔丁基(1R,3S)-3-(叠氮甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基氨基甲酸酯;
5.叔丁基[(1R,3S)-3-(氨基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
6.(1S,3R)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸;
7.叔丁基[(1S,3S)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
8.甲基(1R,3S)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸酯;
9.叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(羟甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
10.甲磺酸(1R,3S)-3-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-2,2,3-三甲基-l-环戊烷甲酯;
11.叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(叠氮甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
12.叔丁基[(1S,3R)-3-(氨基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
13.(1R,3S)-3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-2,2,3-三甲基环戊烷羧酸;
14.叔丁基[(1S,3S)-3-(氰基甲基)-1,2,2-三甲基环戊基]氨基甲酸酯;
15.(1R,5R)-1-氨基-3,5,8,8-四甲基-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮;
16.(1R,5R)-1-氨基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-2-酮;
17.(1R,5R)-1-氨基-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-2-酮;
18.(1R,5R)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-胺和
19.(1S,5S)-5,8,8-三甲基-3-氧杂二环[3.2.1]辛-1-胺。
9.一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求1或3所述的式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐作为活性成分与药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、赋形剂或溶剂合物。
10.如权利要求9所述的药物组合物,其为片剂、胶囊、粉剂、糖浆剂、溶液、气溶胶或混悬剂形式。
11.一种治疗或预防糖尿病或糖尿病并发症的方法,包括对有需求的患者给予如权利要求1或3所述的式(I)的化合物,其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物。
12.一种治疗代谢障碍;II型糖尿病;葡萄糖耐受不良;胰岛素抵抗;食物摄取障碍;肥胖症;空腹血糖调节受损;血脂异常;高胆固醇血症或糖尿病并发症,其包括中风、冠状动脉疾病、高血压、外周血管疾病、神经病、视网膜病、非酒精性脂肪肝疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎;神经变性疾病;认知障碍、抗焦虑性疾病的方法,包括给予如权利要求1或3所述的式(I)的化合物,其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物。
13.一种用于(i)预防或治疗高血糖症(ii)减少体重(iii)创伤治愈(iv)免疫调节(v)降低疼痛的方法,包括给予如权利要求1或3所述的式(I)的化合物,其药学上可接受的盐或药学上可接受的溶剂合物。
14.一种用于治疗疾病的方法,该疾病是通过DPP-IV的抑制而被调节或正常化,包括将治疗有效量的根据权利要求1或3的式(I)化合物给予至患有所述疾病的病人。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510549976.9A CN105384726A (zh) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IN65CH2009 | 2009-01-09 | ||
IN65/CHE/2009 | 2009-01-09 | ||
PCT/IB2010/000008 WO2010079413A2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | Dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510549976.9A Division CN105384726A (zh) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102272099A true CN102272099A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
Family
ID=42316906
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2010800038403A Pending CN102272099A (zh) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 |
CN201510549976.9A Pending CN105384726A (zh) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510549976.9A Pending CN105384726A (zh) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-01-07 | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8466145B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2376447B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2012514630A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101750420B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN102272099A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2010204144B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1006970A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2749301C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2653563T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE035693T2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL213105A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2011007340A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ593361A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2376447T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2376447T (zh) |
SG (1) | SG172924A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010079413A2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104496876A (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 佛山市赛维斯医药科技有限公司 | 一种羟基金刚烷酰胺衍生物、其制备方法和用途 |
CN105596333A (zh) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-05-25 | 白强 | 一种防治糖尿病及其并发症的药物组合物及其应用 |
CN108707143A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-26 | 孟晓旭 | 一种dpp-4抑制剂及其制备和在糖尿病中的应用 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL2376447T3 (pl) * | 2009-01-09 | 2018-04-30 | Orchid Pharma Limited | Inhibitory dipeptydylopeptydazy iv |
CN103787960A (zh) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏省激素研究所股份有限公司 | 一种2-氯-5-三氯甲基吡啶的合成方法 |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1567902A (en) * | 1975-10-15 | 1980-05-21 | Glaxo Lab Ltd | 1-aminoalkyl-7,7-dimethylnorbornanes |
DE2659052A1 (de) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-07-06 | Nattermann A & Cie | N-substituierte 1,2,2-trimethyl-3- carbamoyl-cyclopentan-carbonsaeuren(1) und deren physiologisch vertraegliche salze |
DE3402623A1 (de) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-08-01 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Neue diisocyanate und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von polyurethankunststoffen |
IT1201489B (it) * | 1985-11-13 | 1989-02-02 | Chiesi Farma Spa | Derivati di tiazolidina,loro procedimento di preparazione e formulazioni farmaceutiche |
TW492957B (en) | 1996-11-07 | 2002-07-01 | Novartis Ag | N-substituted 2-cyanopyrrolidnes |
DE69818049T2 (de) * | 1997-06-23 | 2004-07-15 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Inhibitoren der alpha4-beta1 vermittelten zelladhäsion |
CO5150173A1 (es) | 1998-12-10 | 2002-04-29 | Novartis Ag | Compuestos n-(glicilo sustituido)-2-cianopirrolidinas inhibidores de peptidasa de dipeptidilo-iv (dpp-iv) los cuales son efectivos en el tratamiento de condiciones mediadas por la inhibicion de dpp-iv |
US7132104B1 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2006-11-07 | Probiodrug Ag | Modulation of central nervous system (CNS) dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPIV) -like activity for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychological disorders |
TWI243162B (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2005-11-11 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | Cyanopyrrolidine derivatives |
ES2291477T3 (es) | 2001-06-27 | 2008-03-01 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Fluoropirrolidinas como inhibidores de dipeptidil peptidasa. |
UA74912C2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2006-02-15 | Merck & Co Inc | Beta-aminotetrahydroimidazo-(1,2-a)-pyrazines and tetratriazolo-(4,3-a)-pyrazines as inhibitors of dipeptylpeptidase for the treatment or prevention of diabetes |
AU2003225916A1 (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-13 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Beta-amino heterocyclic dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors for the treatment or prevention of diabetes |
AU2004206812A1 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Merck & Co., Inc. | 3-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid derivatives as dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors for the treatment or prevention of diabetes |
TW200519105A (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-06-16 | Lg Life Science Ltd | Novel inhibitors of DPP-IV, methods of preparing the same, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same as an active agent |
WO2005075426A1 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Novel dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors; processes for their preparation and compositions thereof |
RS52163B (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2012-08-31 | Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. | DERIVATES THE BICYCLESTER |
KR20060124712A (ko) | 2004-02-20 | 2006-12-05 | 노파르티스 아게 | 신경퇴행 및 인지 장애를 치료하기 위한 dpp ⅳ 억제제 |
WO2005095339A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Pfizer Products Inc. | Dicyanopyrrolidines as dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors |
WO2006012441A1 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-02 | Susan Marie Royalty | Peptidase inhibitors |
WO2006011035A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-02 | Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Novel dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors; process for their preparation and compositions containing them |
US7842707B2 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2010-11-30 | Nuada, Llc | Peptidase inhibitors |
AU2005293266B2 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2011-09-29 | Glenmark Pharmaceuticals S.A. | Novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and process for their preparation |
AU2007232311B2 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2012-08-09 | Mylan Laboratories Ltd | Novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors and processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
JP2009190971A (ja) * | 2006-06-06 | 2009-08-27 | Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp | 2−シアノピロリジン誘導体 |
WO2008001195A2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-03 | Glenmark Pharmaceuticals S.A. | Novel processes for the preparation of dpp iv inhibitors |
WO2008114857A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-09-25 | Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | アミノアセチルピロリジンカルボニトリル誘導体の製造方法 |
PL2376447T3 (pl) * | 2009-01-09 | 2018-04-30 | Orchid Pharma Limited | Inhibitory dipeptydylopeptydazy iv |
-
2010
- 2010-01-07 PL PL10729125T patent/PL2376447T3/pl unknown
- 2010-01-07 PT PT107291254T patent/PT2376447T/pt unknown
- 2010-01-07 BR BRPI1006970A patent/BRPI1006970A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-07 ES ES10729125.4T patent/ES2653563T3/es active Active
- 2010-01-07 CN CN2010800038403A patent/CN102272099A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-07 KR KR1020117016632A patent/KR101750420B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-01-07 NZ NZ593361A patent/NZ593361A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-07 MX MX2011007340A patent/MX2011007340A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-01-07 JP JP2011544937A patent/JP2012514630A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-07 EP EP10729125.4A patent/EP2376447B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-01-07 CA CA2749301A patent/CA2749301C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-07 US US13/140,997 patent/US8466145B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-07 AU AU2010204144A patent/AU2010204144B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-01-07 WO PCT/IB2010/000008 patent/WO2010079413A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-07 CN CN201510549976.9A patent/CN105384726A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-07 SG SG2011050085A patent/SG172924A1/en unknown
- 2010-01-07 HU HUE10729125A patent/HUE035693T2/hu unknown
-
2011
- 2011-05-24 IL IL213105A patent/IL213105A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2015
- 2015-02-10 JP JP2015024634A patent/JP5775235B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104496876A (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 佛山市赛维斯医药科技有限公司 | 一种羟基金刚烷酰胺衍生物、其制备方法和用途 |
CN105596333A (zh) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-05-25 | 白强 | 一种防治糖尿病及其并发症的药物组合物及其应用 |
CN108707143A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-26 | 孟晓旭 | 一种dpp-4抑制剂及其制备和在糖尿病中的应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI1006970A2 (pt) | 2015-09-15 |
AU2010204144A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
KR20110105820A (ko) | 2011-09-27 |
WO2010079413A3 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
NZ593361A (en) | 2012-12-21 |
CA2749301A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
JP2015091889A (ja) | 2015-05-14 |
JP5775235B2 (ja) | 2015-09-09 |
EP2376447A2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
MX2011007340A (es) | 2011-07-21 |
WO2010079413A2 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
PL2376447T3 (pl) | 2018-04-30 |
AU2010204144B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
US20110257164A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
HUE035693T2 (hu) | 2018-05-28 |
US8466145B2 (en) | 2013-06-18 |
IL213105A0 (en) | 2011-07-31 |
ES2653563T3 (es) | 2018-02-07 |
SG172924A1 (en) | 2011-08-29 |
EP2376447A4 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
PT2376447T (pt) | 2017-11-15 |
KR101750420B1 (ko) | 2017-06-26 |
CA2749301C (en) | 2019-06-11 |
IL213105A (en) | 2015-09-24 |
JP2012514630A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
RU2011133213A (ru) | 2013-02-20 |
EP2376447B1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
CN105384726A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2021202065B2 (en) | Hepatitis B core protein modulators | |
AU777824B2 (en) | Gamma-hydroxy-2-(fluoroalkylaminocarbonyl)-1- piperazinepentanamides as HIV protease inhibitors | |
US20070027118A1 (en) | Novel compounds of amino sulfonyl derivatives | |
US11053213B2 (en) | Pharmaceutical compounds | |
CN113286794A (zh) | Kras突变蛋白抑制剂 | |
CN105682661A (zh) | 某些化学实体、组合物和方法 | |
WO1998004554A1 (fr) | Antagonistes de recepteurs de chemokines | |
NZ511794A (en) | Azabicycloalkanes useful as CCR5 modulators | |
CN104125956B (zh) | 作为11-β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶的抑制剂的环酰胺及其用途 | |
WO2000066551A1 (fr) | Composes d'amides cycliques, leurs procedes de preparation et d'utilisation | |
WO2007020936A1 (ja) | 抗真菌作用二環性複素環化合物 | |
CN102272099A (zh) | 二肽基肽酶iv抑制剂 | |
KR102668958B1 (ko) | 브루톤 티로신 키나아제 억제제인 치환된 1-아미노-1h-이미다졸-5-카르복사미드 | |
RU2574410C2 (ru) | Ингибиторы дипептидилпептидазы iv | |
OA19643A (en) | Hepatitis B core protein modulators. | |
BR112018005178B1 (pt) | Compostos moduladores de proteína base de hepatite b, composições farmacêuticas compreendendo tais compostos e seus usos |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C53 | Correction of patent of invention or patent application | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Tamil Nadu Applicant after: Orchid Chemicals And Pharmaceuticals Limited Address before: Tamil Nadu Applicant before: Orchid Res Lab Ltd. |
|
COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: ORCHID RES LAB LTD. TO: ORCHID CHEMICALS + PHARMACEUTI |
|
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20111207 |