WO2005020643A1 - 有機デバイス用電極およびそれを有する電子機器 - Google Patents
有機デバイス用電極およびそれを有する電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005020643A1 WO2005020643A1 PCT/JP2004/012440 JP2004012440W WO2005020643A1 WO 2005020643 A1 WO2005020643 A1 WO 2005020643A1 JP 2004012440 W JP2004012440 W JP 2004012440W WO 2005020643 A1 WO2005020643 A1 WO 2005020643A1
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- Prior art keywords
- organic
- electrode
- layer
- organic compound
- metal
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
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- -1 4-biphenylyl Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMAXWOOEPJQXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)O1 WMAXWOOEPJQXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CN=C21 DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dinaphthalen-2-ylanthracene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100025027 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM69 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000830203 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM69 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYZIHLWOWKMNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC=NC2=C1 JYZIHLWOWKMNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/19—Tandem OLEDs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an organic device used for an organic device such as an EL device or FET utilizing the properties of an organic compound, and an electronic apparatus having the electrode for an organic device.
- EL elements are widely known as one of the organic devices.
- an organic compound is used as a light emitting layer, and a current is caused to flow through the light emitting layer by applying a voltage from a pair of electrodes provided so as to sandwich the light emitting layer, and a photon corresponding to the current density is emitted.
- the light source is used.
- a voltage to the light emitting layer in an EL element work is required to lower the electron injection barrier for organic compounds that are basically considered to be insulators and to increase the adhesion to the light emitting layer surface.
- An alloy of Mg (magnesium) and Ag (silver) with a small function, or an alloy of L ⁇ ⁇ (lithium) and AI (aluminum) was used as the metal electrode on the cathode side.
- MPE metal-oxide-semiconductor
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an organic device that has both a hole injection function and an electron injection function to extend the range of use of an organic device. Disclosure of the invention
- the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention is a single electrode for an organic device provided in contact with an organic layer (a layer containing an organic compound) of an organic device which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound.
- the second invention is directed to a first organic layer (a first organic layer containing an organic compound) and a second organic layer (an organic compound) in an organic device which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound.
- the second region including a second region containing a single organic compound and a metal having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less.
- an organic compound having a 7 ⁇ conjugated system may be used, or an organic compound having a bipolar property may be used.
- Compounds may be used.
- a third invention provides an organic device electrode provided between a first organic layer and a second organic layer in an organic device which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound.
- An electron injection electrode layer in which a metal having a work function of 4.2 eV or less is mixed with one organic compound; and a second organic compound different from the first organic compound has a work function of 4.2 Ce V], wherein the electron injection electrode layer and the hole injection electrode layer are in contact with the first organic layer and the second organic layer, respectively.
- JP2004 / 012440 JP2004 / 012440
- the first organic compound of the electron injection electrode layer may be an organic compound having a high electron transporting property
- the second organic compound of the hole injection electrode layer may be an organic compound. May be an organic compound having a high hole-transport property.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the above invention can be mounted on an electronic device.
- Electronic devices include mobile phones, personal computers, monitors, video cameras, digital cameras, goggle-type displays, navigation systems, audio components, car audio, game machines, mopile computers, portable game machines, electronic books, and recording devices.
- An image reproducing device provided with a medium is exemplified.
- the electrode for an organic device configured as described above, at least a portion having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less and a work function of 4.2 or less [eV] at least at a portion in contact with the organic layer of the organic deposition. Since an electrode material in which a metal larger than 2 [eV] is mixed with a single organic compound is used, the work function is less than 4.2 [eV] depending on the polarity of the voltage applied to the organic layer. An electron injection function derived from a metal or a hole injection function derived from a metal having a work function larger than 4.2 [eV] is exhibited.
- anode and cathode electrodes of an organic device can be used as both anode and cathode electrodes of an organic device, and has an electron injection function for one organic layer such as an internal electrode of an MPE element, and a hole injection function for the other organic layer. It can also be used for organic devices required for each. Further, since a single organic compound is used for the electrode material, the adhesion to the organic layer of the organic device is also improved.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the second invention is specialized for an internal electrode provided between the first organic layer and the second organic layer.
- the first region in which a single organic compound is mixed with a metal having a work function of 4.2 CeV or less enables electrons to be injected into the first organic layer, and the work function of the single organic compound is reduced.
- the second region where a metal larger than 4.2 [eV] is mixed holes can be injected into the second organic layer. It can be used as an internal electrode capable of passing a current to the organic layer.
- the electrode for an organic device if a 7: conjugated organic compound is used as the single organic compound, the transfer of charges with the mixed metal is likely to occur.
- the carrier injection property of the organic device electrode is improved. If a single organic compound having a bipolar property is used, the movement of carriers of both holes and electrons within the organic device electrode is advantageous, which can contribute to improvement of characteristics such as device driving voltage.
- the organic device electrode according to the third invention is specialized for an internal electrode provided between the first organic layer and the second organic layer. That is, an electron injection electrode layer obtained by mixing a metal having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less with the first organic compound enables electrons to be injected into the first organic layer. By using a hole injection electrode layer in which a different second organic compound is mixed with a metal having a work function larger than 4.2 [eV], holes can be injected into the second organic layer. Moreover, it can be used as an internal electrode that allows current to flow from the first organic layer to the second organic layer.
- the first organic compound of the electron injection electrode layer may be an organic compound having a high electron transporting property
- the second organic compound of the hole injection electrode layer may be an organic compound.
- a versatile electronic device can be provided by mounting the organic device electrode according to the first to third inventions having the above-described features.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic sectional view showing one example of the first embodiment of the electrode for an organic device of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the first embodiment of the electrode for an organic device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one example of the second embodiment of the electrode for organic deposition of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing one example of the third embodiment of the electrode for an organic device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an MPE element using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of an MPE element to which the electrode for organic deposition according to the third embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an organic field-effect transistor using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the organic field-effect transistor using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a display device equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (b) is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a notebook personal computer equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (c) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mopile computer equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (d) is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a portable image reproducing apparatus equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 ( ⁇ ) is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a goggle type display equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (f) is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a video camera equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (g) is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a mobile phone equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrode for an organic device according to the first embodiment.
- the electrode structure in FIG. 1A has a carrier injection electrode layer 110 on an organic layer 100 of the organic device.
- a metal electrode 101 is formed through the substrate.
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 is formed by adding a single organic compound 111 to a metal for electron injection 112 (having a work function of 4.2). 0
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 since the carrier injection electrode layer 110 is used for bonding to the organic layer 100, the metal for the electron injection depends on the polarity of the voltage application to the organic layer 100.
- the electron injecting function of 112 or the hole injecting function of metal for hole injection 113 is exhibited, and it can be used as both anode and cathode electrodes of organic devices.
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 has an advantage that the adhesion to the organic layer 100 is good and the adhesion to the metal electrode 101 is easily ensured. Note that the carrier injection electrode layer 110 alone may function as an electrode for an organic device without using an electrode structure in which the metal electrode 101 is separately provided on the carrier injection electrode layer 110.
- the electrode structure shown in FIG. 1B has a carrier injection electrode layer 110 provided between the first organic layer 100a and the second organic layer 100.
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 functions as an internal electrode.
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 moves from the first organic layer 100b to the second organic layer 100b side. Electrons are supplied to one organic layer 100a, and conversely, holes are supplied from the carrier injection electrode layer 110 to the second organic layer 100b.
- the electrode for an organic device composed of the carrier injection electrode layer 110 has an electron injection function for one organic layer (first organic layer) and an electron injection function for the other organic layer (second organic layer). Since it can exhibit the hole injection function, it can be used as the internal electrode of MPE elements and organic field-effect transistors, and can be expected to be widely applied to various organic devices and chips to be developed in the future. .
- Metals having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less used as the electron injection metal 112 in the carrier injection electrode layer 110 include alkali metals such as lithium and cesium, magnesium, calcium, and barium. Rare earth metals such as alkaline earth metals, erbium and ytterbium, or alloys containing these metals (aluminum Alloys, indium alloys, etc.).
- alkali metals such as lithium and cesium, magnesium, calcium, and barium.
- Rare earth metals such as alkaline earth metals, erbium and ytterbium, or alloys containing these metals (aluminum Alloys, indium alloys, etc.).
- a metal having a work function higher than 4.2 [eV] used as the hole injection metal 113 in the carrier injection electrode layer 110 many transition metals other than rare earth metals, and Can be applied, and gold, silver, copper, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel and the like are preferable.
- the organic compound 111 in the carrier injection electrode layer 110 has a ⁇ -conjugated system because it must have a hole or electron transporting property and can transfer charges to and from a metal. Is desirable.
- the organic compound having a 7 ⁇ conjugated system include 4,4′-bis [ ⁇ — (3-methylphenyl) -1-phenyl-2-amino] biphenyl (abbreviation: TPD) and 4,4′-bis [ ⁇ — (1-naphthyl) 1-phenyl-2-amino] biphenyl (abbreviation: Hiichi NPD), 4, 4 ', 4 "tris (4, ⁇ -diphenylamino) triphenylamine (abbreviation: TDATA), 4, 4 ', 4 "tris [ ⁇ — (3-methylphenyl) monophenylamino] triphenylamine (abbreviation: MT DATA), 2, 5-bis (1-1 naphthyl) — 1, 3, 4 2-oxadiazole (abbreviation
- Nant mouth phosphorus abbreviation: BP hen
- bathocuproin abbreviation: BCP
- 2, 2 ', 2 "-(1,3,5 benzenetrilyl) Benzimidazole] abbreviation: TPB I
- tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum abbreviation: AI q 3
- bis (10-hydroxy-1-benzo [h] quinolinato) beryllium Abbreviation: B e B q 2
- Bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) -141-phenylphenolate-aluminum abbreviation: BAIq
- bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -benzobenzoxolato] zinc abbreviation: Zn) (BOX) 2 ), 4, 4'-bis (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl (abbreviation: CBP), 9,10-bis (2-naphthyl) anthracene (abbreviation:
- the method for forming the electrode for an organic device according to the first embodiment, in particular, the carrier injection electrode layer 110 is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be applied.
- an organic compound to be an organic compound 111, a metal to be an electron injection metal 112, and a metal to be a hole injection metal 111 are respectively. These boats are charged into another boat in the same champer, and each boat is heated under vacuum to deposit them on the surface on which the carrier injection electrode layer is formed.
- the carrier injection electrode layer 110 can be formed by mixing all of the following metals (eV) and metals with a work function greater than 4.2 [eV].
- the ratio between the organic compound and the metal is preferably at least 10 and no more than 50/1.
- the ratio of the metal and the organic compound (molar ratio) is preferably not more than 50.
- the molar ratio is preferably 110 or more and 10 Z1 or less.
- the electrode structure of the electrode for an organic device according to the second embodiment is such that an electrode layer 120 is provided between a first organic layer 100a and a second organic layer 100b.
- the electrode layer 120 is formed of a single organic compound 1221 and an electron injection metal 122 (a metal having a work function of 4.2 eV or less) on the side in contact with the first organic layer 100a. )
- an electron injection metal 122 a metal having a work function of 4.2 eV or less
- Mixed hole injection The region 120b is formed.
- the electrode for an organic device when a voltage is applied from the first organic layer 100a side to the second organic layer 100b side, the electron injection region 12 of the electrode layer 12 Electrons are supplied from 0 a (first region) to the first organic layer 100 a, and conversely, from the hole injection region 120 b (second region) of the electrode layer 120. Since holes are supplied to the second organic layer 100b, a current flows from the first organic layer 100a to the second organic layer 100b.
- the electrode for an organic device composed of the electrode layer 120 can exhibit an electron injection function for one organic layer and an electron injection function for the other organic layer. It can also be used as the internal electrode of organic field effect transistors, and is expected to be widely applied to various organic devices to be developed in the future.
- the method of forming the electrode layer 120 as the electrode for an organic device according to the second embodiment is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be applied.
- an organic compound that becomes organic compound 121, a metal that becomes electron injection metal 122 (a metal having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less) is charged into separate boats in the same chamber, and is first placed under vacuum.
- An organic compound and a metal having a work function of 4.2 [eV] or less are co-evaporated to form a layer serving as an electron injection region 120a.
- the organic compound 121 in the electrode layer 120 the same compound as the organic compound 111 in the above-described first embodiment can be applied, and the electron injection region 120a of the electrode layer 120 can be used.
- the electron injection metal 122 in the first embodiment the same metal as the electron injection metal 112 in the first embodiment described above can be applied, and the positive electrode in the hole injection region 120b of the electrode layer 120 can be used.
- the hole injection metal 123 the hole injection metal 113 in the first embodiment described above can be applied.
- the ratio of the organic compound to the metal in the electron injection region and the hole injection region is defined as metal / organic compound (molar ratio) force ⁇ 1 It is preferably 0 or more and 50 Z 1 or less.
- the electrode structure of the electrode for an organic device according to the third embodiment is such that a laminated electrode 130 is provided between a first organic layer 100a and a second organic layer 1O Ob.
- This laminated electrode 130 is composed of an electron injection electrode layer 13 in which an electron transporting organic compound 1331a is mixed with an electron injection metal 132 (a metal having a work function of 4.2 CeV or less).
- an electron injection metal 132 a metal having a work function of 4.2 CeV or less.
- the electron injection electrode layer 1 Electrons are supplied from 30a to the first organic layer 100a, and conversely, from the hole injection electrode layer 130b of the laminated electrode 130 to the second organic layer 100b. Since holes are supplied, an electric current apparently flows from the first organic layer 100a to the second organic layer 100b. That is, the laminated electrode 130 used as an electrode for an organic device has an electron injection function for one organic layer (first organic layer) and a function for the other organic layer (second organic layer). Since it can exhibit a hole injection function, it can be used as an internal electrode of an MPE element or an organic field effect transistor, and is expected to be widely applied to various organic devices to be developed in the future.
- an organic compound having a high electron-transport property is used as the electron-transport organic compound 130a (first organic compound) of the electron-injection electrode layer 130a
- the organic compound having a high hole-transport property can be used as the hole-transporting organic compound 13 1 b (second organic compound) of the hole-injection electrode layer 13 Ob
- the first and second organic compounds described above can be used.
- the second embodiment there is also an advantage that it is not necessary to use a bipolar organic compound in order to flow both electrons injected from the electron injection metal and holes injected from the hole injection metal.
- the method for forming the laminated electrode 130 which is the electrode for an organic device according to the third embodiment is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be applied.
- 2 yuan In the case of using a formation method in which vapor deposition is performed twice, the organic compound A becomes the organic compound for electron transport 1 31 a, the organic compound B becomes the organic compound for hole transport 1 31 b, and the metal 122 becomes the electron injecting metal
- the metal the metal whose work function is less than 4.2 [eV]
- the metal that becomes the hole injection metal 123 (the metal whose work function is larger than 4.2 [ ⁇ V]) are the same.
- the organic compound ⁇ and a metal with a work function of 4.2 eV or less are first co-evaporated under vacuum to obtain an electron injection electrode layer 1.
- 30a is formed, and then the organic compound B and a metal having a work function larger than 4.2 [eV] are co-evaporated to form the hole injection electrode layer 13 Ob.
- the laminated electrode 130 can be formed.
- Organic compounds having a high electron-transporting property as the electron-transporting organic compound 1331a in the electron-injection electrode layer 130a include BND, PBD, OXD-7, TAZ, BPhen, BCP, and TPBI. , A lq 3, B e B q 2, BA I q, etc. Z n (BOX) 2 and the like, preferably positive as a hole transport organic compounds 1 3 1 b of the hole-injection electrode layer 1 3 O b
- Examples of the organic substance having a high hole transporting property include TPD, Hichi NPD, TDATA, MTDATA, PVT, and PVK.
- the electron injection metal 132 in the electron injection electrode layer 130a of the multilayer electrode 130 the same metal as the electron injection metal 112 in the first embodiment described above can be applied.
- the hole injection metal 133 in the 30 hole injection electrode layers 130b the hole injection metal 113 in the first embodiment described above can be applied.
- Fig. 4 shows the device structure.
- FIG. 4 shows a known organic EL element (MPE element) in which an electrode for an organic device having both an electron injection function and a hole injection function (applicable to any of the above-described first to third embodiments) is introduced as an internal electrode.
- 201 is an anode
- 202 is a cathode
- 203a is a first electroluminescent layer
- 203b is a second electroluminescent layer
- 204 is a charge generation layer.
- the first electroluminescent layer 203a and the second electroluminescent layer 203b are layers containing an organic compound capable of electroluminescence or emitting light by carrier injection.
- the charge generation layer 204 is not connected to an external circuit, and is a floating internal electrode.
- both the first electroluminescent layer 203 a and the second electroluminescent layer 203 b can emit photons corresponding to the current I. Therefore, the electroluminescent layer
- the electroluminescent layer compared with a single-layer organic EL device, there is an advantage that the same current can emit twice as much light.
- the two electroluminescent layers are stacked with the charge generation layer.
- more electroluminescent layers are stacked (the charge generation layer is inserted between each electroluminescent layer).
- the current efficiency can be improved many times, and in theory, with the improvement of the current efficiency, a large improvement in the device life can be expected.
- a high voltage is required to allow the same current I to flow.
- any of the electrode structures of the first to third embodiments can be applied.
- the organic EL element to which the electrode for an organic device according to the third embodiment is applied is described.
- the created example will be described. That is, in FIG. 4, the first electroluminescent layer 203 a side is the electron injection electrode layer 204 a, and the second electroluminescent layer 203 b side is the hole injection electrode layer 204 b
- the charge generation layer 204 is formed such that
- a glass substrate on which ITO was used as an anode 201 was washed by boiling with ethanol, and the surface of the substrate was further washed with an ozone plasma washing machine. After the cleaned substrate and the material to be deposited are set in a vacuum deposition apparatus, the inside of the chamber — Reduced pressure to about 4 Pa.
- TPD was deposited at a rate of about 0.2 to 0.4 nmZs to form a 70 nm film. Then depositing the A lq 3 at a rate of about 0. 2 ⁇ 0. 4 nm / s, and 60 nm deposited.
- the above is the first electroluminescent layer 203a.
- the ratio of Au to TPD was 1: 1 by weight (about 2.6: 1 by mole). ing.
- This co-deposition layer was formed to a thickness of 10 nm.
- the above-described co-deposited layer having a total of 20 nm is the electrode for an organic device of the present invention, and functions as the charge generation layer 204.
- the horizontal axis is the current density [V]
- the vertical axis is the external quantum efficiency [%: the number of photons taken out and the number of injected carriers].
- the external quantum efficiency during light emission was about 1.2 to 1.60.
- the driving voltage is higher than that of the device of Comparative Example “!”, But the external quantum efficiency is much higher than that of the device of Comparative Example 1, and the multiphoton Therefore, it was clarified that the electrode for an organic device of the present invention functions as a charge generation layer and can inject both carriers of holes and electrons.
- the element structure is I TOZT PD (70 nm) ZA I q 3 (60 nm) / U g: AI qa (10 nm) / TPD (70 nm) / AI q 3 (60 nm) / M g : AI q 3 (10 nm) / AI (80 nm).
- the work function is 4. applying only a layer of a mixture of 2 [theta V] following metals (co-deposited layer of Mg and AI q 3) in organic compounds become.
- Comparative Example 2 The characteristics of Comparative Example 2 are also shown in FIG.
- the driving voltage is higher than that of the device of Comparative Example 1, but the external quantum efficiency is not improved and the device does not operate as a multi-photon emission device. Therefore, as in Comparative Example 2, mixing only a metal having a small work function did not provide an electrode for injecting both holes and electrons.
- FIG. 6 (a) shows an organic field-effect transistor in which a charge generation layer is introduced as an internal electrode.
- the electron transport layer 305a and the hole transport layer 305b are collectively referred to as an organic semiconductor layer.
- V sd 1 (> 0) is applied between the first source electrode 304a and the first drain electrode 304b, and the second V sd 2 ( ⁇ 0) is applied between the source electrode 307b and the second drain electrode 307a. Then, the electrons in the electron storage channel layer near the first gate insulating film 303 and the holes in the hole storage channel layer near the second gate insulating film 308 are connected to the respective source-drain circuits. Apply current.
- the organic field-effect transistor obtained in this manner is considered to have practicality in which a large amount of current can be controlled at high speed, but the charge generation layer 306 generates holes upward in FIG. It must have a function to inject electrons downward.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the first embodiment can be used as it is as the charge generation layer 306 irrespective of the polarity, and the electrode for an organic device according to the second embodiment has an electron transport layer
- the electron injection region can be used as the charge generation layer 306 by arranging the hole injection region on the hole transport layer 305 b side, and the electrode for an organic device according to the third embodiment has an electron injection region.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention can be mounted on an electronic device.
- Electronic devices include mobile phones, personal computers, monitors, video cameras, digital cameras, goggle-type displays, navigation systems, audio components, car audio, game devices, mobile computers, portable game machines, electronic books, An image reproducing device provided with a recording medium is exemplified. Specific examples of these electronic devices are shown in Figs. 7 (a) to ( g ).
- FIG. 7 (a) shows an embodiment of the display device, which includes a housing 1001, a support 1002, a display section 1003, a speaker part 1004, a video input terminal 1005, and the like.
- the organic device electrode of the present invention is mounted on the display unit 1003 or the like.
- Display devices equipped with electrodes for organic devices include devices for displaying information such as for computers, for receiving TV broadcasts, and for displaying advertisements.
- FIG. 7 (b) shows an embodiment of a notebook personal computer, which includes a main body 1201, a housing 1202, a display section 1203, a keyboard 1204, an external connection port 1205, a pointing mouse 1206, and the like. .
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is described in the display section 1203 and the like.
- FIG. 7 (c) shows an embodiment of the mopile computer, which includes a main body 1301, a display section 1302, a switch 1303, operation keys 1304, an infrared port 1305, and the like.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is mounted on the display portion 1302 and the like.
- FIG. 7 (d) shows an embodiment of a portable image reproducing apparatus (specifically, a DVD reproducing apparatus) provided with a recording medium, and includes a main body 1401, a housing 1402, a display section 1403, and a table.
- the display portion 1403 mainly displays image information
- the display portion 1404 mainly displays character information.
- the electrodes for an organic device of the present invention are mounted on these display portions 1403, 1404, and the like.
- the image reproducing device provided with the recording medium includes a home game machine and the like.
- FIG. 7 (e) shows an embodiment of the goggle type display, which includes a main body 1501, a display section 1502, and an arm section 1503.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention, It is mounted on the display unit 1502 and so on.
- FIG. 7 (f) shows an embodiment of the video camera, including a main body 1601, a display section 1602, a housing 1603, an external connection port 1604, a remote control receiving section 1605, an image receiving section 1606, and a battery 1 607, a voice input section 1608, an operation key 1609, an eyepiece section 1610, and the like.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is mounted on a display portion 1602 or the like.
- FIG. 7 (g) shows an embodiment of a mobile phone, including a main body 1701, a housing 1702, a display section 1703, a voice input section 1704, a voice output section 1705, and operation keys 1706. , External connection port 1 707, antenna 1 708 and the like. It is manufactured by using the electrode for organic device of the present invention for the display portion 103 and the like. Note that the display portion 1703 can reduce power consumption of the mobile phone by displaying white characters on a black background.
- the applicable range of the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is extremely wide, and the versatility can be expanded by applying the electrode for an organic device to electronic devices in all fields.
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Abstract
Description
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JP2005513386A JP4666633B2 (ja) | 2003-08-25 | 2004-08-24 | 有機電界効果トランジスタ |
CN2004800243154A CN1843062B (zh) | 2003-08-25 | 2004-08-24 | 有机器件以及具有该有机器件的电子设备 |
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JP (2) | JP4666633B2 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050134173A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
US7511421B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 |
CN101931050B (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
JP4666633B2 (ja) | 2011-04-06 |
US8629429B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
US20110215311A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
JP2011040412A (ja) | 2011-02-24 |
JPWO2005020643A1 (ja) | 2006-10-26 |
CN1843062A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
CN1843062B (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
CN101931050A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
US20090230856A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
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