TWI584875B - 氧吸收劑組成物及氧吸收劑包裝體 - Google Patents
氧吸收劑組成物及氧吸收劑包裝體 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI584875B TWI584875B TW102131188A TW102131188A TWI584875B TW I584875 B TWI584875 B TW I584875B TW 102131188 A TW102131188 A TW 102131188A TW 102131188 A TW102131188 A TW 102131188A TW I584875 B TWI584875 B TW I584875B
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- oxygen
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- oxygen absorber
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Description
本發明係關於氧吸收劑組成物及使用其之氧吸收劑包裝體。
關於以食品、飲料、醫藥品、化妝品為代表之容易受氧影響而變質或劣化之各種物品(被保存物),以防止氧化、長期保存為目的,係使用氧吸收劑。氧吸收劑係使用於收納該等物品之容器內部的氧之去除。
作為氧吸收劑,由氧吸收性能、操作容易度、安全性之觀點而言,一般係使用以鐵粉為反應主劑之氧吸收劑。但是,此鐵系氧吸收劑,因為會感應金屬探測器,因此難以用金屬探測器進行異物檢査。又,封入鐵系氧吸收劑之包裝體,因為有起火之虞,因此無法以微波爐加熱。進一步地,因係利用鐵粉之氧化反應,因此僅有被保存物為高水分系者,才有氧吸收之效果,因此對象係限定高水分系之被保存物。
又,由配置了在熱可塑性樹脂中摻合鐵系氧
吸收劑之氧吸收性樹脂組成物所構成之氧吸收層而得之多層材料來構成容器,藉以謀求提高容器之氣體障壁性,而且賦予容器本身氧吸收機能之包裝容器的開發正在進行(參照專利文獻1)。但是,此等亦同樣地,具有無法使用金屬探測器進行異物檢査、無法微波爐加熱、對象限定為高水分系之被保存物等之問題。進一步地,亦具有因不透明性,使內部辨認性不足等問題。
因上述事情,故期望有機系物質為反應主劑之氧吸收劑。以有機系物質為反應主劑之氧吸收劑,已知有以抗壞血酸為主劑之氧吸收劑(參照專利文獻2)。
另一方面,已知有由樹脂與過渡金屬觸媒所構成,且具有氧捕捉特性之氧吸收性樹脂組成物。例如,作為可氧化之有機成分,已知有由聚醯胺、特別是由含有苯二甲基之聚醯胺與過渡金屬觸媒所構成之樹脂組成物,進一步地,已知有使具有氧捕捉機能的樹脂組成物或使該樹脂組成物成形而得之氧吸收劑、包裝材料、包裝用多層層合薄膜(參照專利文獻3)。
又,作為不需水分以進行氧吸收之氧吸收樹脂組成物,已知有由具有碳-碳不飽和鍵之樹脂與過渡金屬觸媒所構成之氧吸收樹脂組成物(參照專利文獻4)。
進一步地,作為捕捉氧之組成物,已知有由包含經取代之環己烯官能基的聚合物或該環己烯環所鍵結之低分子量物質、與過渡金屬所構成的組成物(參照專利文獻5)。
[專利文獻1]日本特開平09-234832號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開昭51-136845號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開2001-252560號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開平05-115776號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特表2003-521552號公報
但是,專利文獻2之樹脂組成物具有本身氧吸收性能低、又,僅在被保存物為高水分系者可表現效果、比較高價格等問題。
專利文獻3之樹脂組成物,係藉由含有過渡金屬觸媒,使含有苯二甲基之聚醯胺樹脂氧化,來表現氧吸收機能,因此會產生樹脂之氧化劣化所致之強度降低,具有包裝容器本身強度降低之問題。進一步地,此樹脂組成物氧吸收性能尚不充分,係有僅在被保存物為高水分系者可表現效果等之課題。
專利文獻4之氧吸收樹脂組成物,係有因為伴隨著樹脂氧化,切斷高分子鏈,而生成臭氣成分之低分子量的有機化合物,氧吸收前後,臭氣強度會增大之問題。
專利文獻5之組成物,必須使用含有環己烯官能基之特殊材料,又,此材料依然存在有比較容易產生臭氣,且比較高價格之課題。
本發明係鑑於上述事情而為者,其為提供可實現不會感應金屬探測器之氧吸收劑,氧吸收前後無臭氣,具有優良氧吸收性能之新穎的氧吸收劑組成物及使用其之氧吸收劑包裝體。
本發明者等人,對氧吸收劑組成物進行探討之結果,得到了使用含有分子中具有2個以上四氫萘環之化合物、及過渡金屬觸媒之氧吸收劑組成物的見解,而完成了本發明。
亦即,本發明為如下所述。
〔1〕
一種氧吸收劑組成物,其係含有具有2個以上之四氫萘環之化合物(A)、及過渡金屬觸媒。
〔2〕
如〔1〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述化合物(A)為以由下述一般式(1)~(6)所構成群組中選出之至少任一者所表示之化合物;
(式中,R係分別獨立地表示1價取代基,前述1價取代
基係由鹵素原子、烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、雜環基、氰基、羥基、羧基、酯基、醯胺基、硝基、烷氧基、芳氧基、醯基、胺基、硫醇基、烷硫基、芳硫基、雜環硫基、及醯亞胺基所構成群組中選出之至少1種,R亦可進一步具有取代基;1個以上之氫原子係鍵結於至少1個四氫萘環之苄基位;X表示含有由芳香族烴基、飽和或不飽和之脂環式烴基、直鏈狀或分支狀之飽和或不飽和之脂肪族烴基、及雜環基所構成群組中選出之至少1個基的2價基;Y表示酯基或醯胺基;m表示0~7之整數,n表示0~3之整數,p表示0~4之整數,q表示0~6之整數,t表示0~6之整數)。
〔3〕
如〔1〕或〔2〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述化合物(A)之分子量為276~1000。
〔4〕
如〔1〕或〔2〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其進一步含有載體物質。
〔5〕
如〔4〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述載體物質為由合成矽酸鈣、矽藻土、二氧化矽、及活性碳所構成群組中選出之至少1種。
〔6〕
如〔4〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中相對於前述化合物(A)100質量份,含有前述載體物質10~1000質量
份。
〔7〕
如〔1〕或〔2〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述過渡金屬觸媒係含有由錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、及銅所構成群組中選出之至少1種之過渡金屬。
〔8〕
如〔1〕或〔2〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物,其中相對於前述化合物(A)100質量份,以過渡金屬量計含有0.001~10質量份之前述過渡金屬觸媒。
〔9〕
一種氧吸收劑包裝體,其係具備如〔1〕或〔2〕記載之氧吸收劑組成物、與包裝前述氧吸收劑組成物之通氣性包裝材料。
依照本發明,可提供可實現不會感應金屬探測器之氧吸收劑,氧吸收前後無臭氣,具有優良氧吸收性能之新穎的氧吸收劑組成物及使用其之氧吸收劑包裝體。此外,此氧吸收劑組成物等,不管被保存物之水分有無,均可吸收氧,而且氧吸收前後無臭氣,故不問對象物,例如在食品、調理食品、飲料、醫藥品、健康食品等,可使用於廣泛的用途。
以下,詳細說明用以實施本發明之形態(以下單稱為「本實施形態」)。以下之本實施形態,係用以說明本發明之例示,並不旨在限定本發明為以下內容。本發明可於其要旨之範圍內適當變化來實施。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,含有具有2個以上之四氫萘環之化合物(A)、及過渡金屬觸媒。本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,即使在高濕度下、或低濕度下,均可發揮優良的氧吸收能力。此外,亦可抑制臭氣。進一步地,本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,因為可不使用用以吸收氧的鐵,因此可作為非鐵系氧吸收劑組成物(實質上不含鐵)。
作為化合物(A),就原料之獲得容易性的觀點而言,較佳為以由下述一般式(1)~(6)所構成群組中選出之至少任一者表示之化合物。
作為一般式(1)~(6)之R,可列舉氫原子、鹵素原子(例如、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子)、烷基(碳數1~15個、較佳為碳數1~6個之直鏈、分支、或環狀烷基;例如、甲基、乙基、n-丙基、異丙基、t-丁基、n-辛基、2-乙基己基、環丙基、環戊基)、烯基(碳數2~10個、較佳為碳數2~6個之直鏈、分支、或環狀烯基;例如、乙烯基、烯丙基)、炔基(碳數2~10個、較佳為碳數2~6個之炔基;例如、乙炔基、炔丙基)、芳基(碳數6~16個、較佳為碳數6~10個之芳基;例如、苯基、萘基)、雜環基(係由芳香族或非芳香族之5員環或6員環之雜環化合物中去除1個氫原子之1價基,係碳數1~12個、較佳為碳數2~6個之1價基;例如、1-吡唑基、
1-咪唑基、2-呋喃基)、氰基、羥基、羧基、酯基、醯胺基、硝基、烷氧基(碳數1~10個、較佳為碳數1~6個之直鏈、分支、或環狀烷氧基;例如、甲氧基、乙氧基)、芳氧基(碳數6~12個、較佳為碳數6~8個之芳氧基;例如、苯氧基)、醯基(甲醯基、碳數2~10個、較佳為碳數2~6個之烷基羰基、或碳數7~12個、較佳為碳數7~9個之芳基羰基;例如、乙醯基、三甲基乙醯基、苄醯基)、胺基(碳數1~10個、較佳為碳數1~6個之烷基胺基、碳數6~12個、較佳為碳數6~8個之苯胺基、或碳數1~12個、較佳為碳數2~6個之雜環胺基;例如、胺基、甲基胺基、苯胺基)、硫醇基、烷硫基(碳數1~10個、較佳為碳數1~6個之烷硫基;例如、甲基硫基、乙基硫基)、芳硫基(碳數6~12個、較佳為碳數6~8個之芳硫基;例如、苯基硫基)、雜環硫基(碳數2~10個、較佳為碳數1~6個之雜環硫基;例如、2-苯并噻唑基硫基)、醯亞胺基(碳數2~10個、較佳為碳數4~8個之醯亞胺基;例如、N-琥珀醯亞胺基、N-鄰苯二甲醯亞胺基)等。
該等之中,就原料之獲得容易性及合成容易性之觀點而言,尤較佳係R為氫原子、取代或無取代之烷基、取代或無取代之芳基、羥基、羧基、酯基、烷氧基、醯基、醯胺基、醯亞胺基,更佳為氫原子、取代或無取代之烷基、取代或無取代之芳基、烷氧基、酯基、醯基,又更佳為氫原子、無取代之烷基、烷氧基、酯基。
上述一般式(1)~(6)之X,可列舉含有由
芳香族烴基、飽和或不飽和之脂環式烴基、直鏈狀或分支狀之飽和或不飽和之脂肪族烴基及雜環基所構成群組中選出之至少1個基的2價基。芳香族烴基、飽和或不飽和之脂環式烴基、直鏈狀或分支狀之飽和或不飽和之脂肪族烴基及雜環基,可為經取代、亦可為無取代。X可含有雜原子,且亦可含有醚基、硫化物基、羰基、羥基、胺基、亞碸基、碸基等。
芳香族烴基,可列舉例如o-伸苯基、m-伸苯基、p-伸苯基、甲基伸苯基、o-苯二甲基、m-苯二甲基、p-苯二甲基、伸萘基、伸蒽基、伸菲基、伸聯苯基、伸茀基等,但不限定於此等。
脂環式烴基,可列舉例如伸環戊基、伸環己基、甲基伸環己基、伸環庚基、伸環辛基等之伸環烷基;或環伸己烯基等之伸環烯基,但不限定於此等。
脂肪族烴基,可列舉例如亞甲基、伸乙基、三亞甲基、伸丙基、異亞丙基、四亞甲基、異亞丁基、sec-亞丁基、五亞甲基、六亞甲基、七亞甲基、八亞甲基、九亞甲基、十亞甲基等之直鏈狀或分枝鏈狀伸烷基;伸乙烯基、伸丙烯基、1-伸丁烯基、2-伸丁烯基、1,3-伸丁二烯基、1-伸戊烯基、2-伸戊烯基、1-伸己烯基、2-伸己烯基、3-伸己烯基等之伸烯基等,但不限定於此等。
該等亦可進一步具有取代基,其具體例可列舉例如鹵素、烷氧基、羥基、羧基、羰烷氧基(carboalkoxy)、胺基、醯基、硫基(例如烷硫基、苯基
硫基、甲苯基硫基、吡啶基硫基等)、胺基(例如非取代胺基、甲基胺基、二甲基胺基、苯基胺基等)、氰基、硝基等,但不限定於此等。
上述一般式(1)~(6)之Y,可列舉酯基、醯胺基等。
本實施形態之化合物(A)之分子量,較佳為276~1000。分子量之下限,更佳為300以上、又更佳為350以上。分子量為上述下限值以上時,可更加抑制使用中之揮發所造成的損失,故較佳。又,分子量之上限,更佳為800以下、又更佳為600以下。分子量之上限為上述上限值以下時,化合物(A)中之四氫萘環部分所佔之比例有提高的傾向,化合物(A)之每單位質量之氧吸收量係有更加增大的傾向,故較佳。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,於氧吸收前後並無臭氣產生。此理由雖不明朗,但推測為以下之氧化反應機制。可認為本實施形態之化合物(A)中,首先四氫萘環之苄基位的氫被拔除,生成自由基,之後,藉由自由基與氧之反應,苄基位之碳被氧化,生成羥基或酮基。亦即,推測為藉由具有如此構造,並無氧化反應所致之分子鏈切斷,化合物(A)之構造被維持,因此可更加抑制臭氣之原因的低分子量有機化合物之生成。由該觀點,化合物(A)較佳為1個以上之氫原子係鍵結於至少1個四氫萘環之苄基位、更佳為1個以上之氫原子係鍵結於至少2個四氫萘環之苄基位、又更佳為1個以上之氫原子係鍵
結於全部四氫萘環之苄基位。
又,本實施形態之化合物(A),較佳為沸點高、使用時之溫度中的蒸氣壓低者。藉由使用如此之化合物(A),可抑制使用時之揮發所致的損失。又,將化合物(A)作為後述氧吸收性樹脂組成物時,作為化合物(A),與熱可塑性樹脂之混練溫度中之蒸氣壓越低、3%重量減少溫度越高,越能夠抑制氧吸收性樹脂組成物製造時之揮發所致之損失,故較佳。由該觀點而言,化合物(A)之3%重量減少溫度,較佳為150℃以上、更佳為200℃以上、又更佳為250℃以上。
上述官能基中具有氫原子者,亦可以上述基進一步取代。作為如此之被取代官能基之具體例,可列舉例如經羥基取代之烷基(例如羥基乙基)、經烷氧基取代之烷基(例如甲氧基乙基)、經芳基取代之烷基(例如苄基)、經烷基取代之芳基(例如p-甲苯基)、經烷基取代之芳氧基(例如2-甲基苯氧基)等,但不限定為此等。
被取代之官能基的情況時,上述碳數中不包含進一步之取代基的碳數。例如苄基係視為經苯基取代之碳數1的烷基,不視為經苯基取代之碳數7的烷基。具有取代基之四氫萘之取代基,可具有複數個取代基。
化合物(A)之具體例,較佳為由下述一般式(7)~(16)所構成群組中選出之至少一者表示之化合物、更佳為由下述一般式(7)、(10)、(13)、及(16)所構成群組中選出之至少一者表示之化合物。
上述一般式(7)之較佳具體例雖如以下所示,但本實施形態並不限定於此等。
上述一般式(10)之較佳具體例雖如以下所示,但本實施形態並不限定於此等。
上述一般式(13)之較佳具體例雖如以下所示,但本實施形態並不限定於此等。
上述一般式(16)之較佳具體例雖如以下所示,但本實施形態並不限定於此等。
一分子中具有2個之四氫萘環的化合物之一例,係如上述一般式(1)~(33)所示,但本實施形態中,使用具有3個以上之四氫萘環的化合物亦佳。
化合物(A)可1種單獨使用、亦可合併使用2種以上。
本實施形態之化合物(A)之製造方法,能夠以公知方法製造。製造方法之適合的例子,可列舉例如具有2個以上羧基之多元羧酸的酯體、與具有羥基及四氫萘環之化合物的酯交換反應;具有2個以上羥基之多元醇、與具有羧基及四氫萘環之化合物的脫水縮合反應;醛類與具有四氫萘環之化合物的反應等。
酯交換反應及脫水縮合反應,能夠以公知方法進行。反應溫度或反應時間,只要係在能夠進行酯交換反應及脫水縮合反應之範圍,則無特殊限定,然反應溫度較佳為50~300℃、反應時間較佳為10分鐘~24小時。酯交換反應及脫水縮合反應所用之有機溶劑,只要係可溶解原料之有機溶劑則可無特殊限定地使用。
本實施形態中使用之過渡金屬觸媒,係指可發揮作為化合物(A)之氧化反應的觸媒之機能者。過渡金屬觸媒中所含有的過渡金屬,可列舉例如鈦、釩、鉻、錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅、鋅、釕、銠等,但不限定於此等。該等之中,由氧吸收性能之觀點而言,尤較佳為錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅。
過渡金屬觸媒,可列舉過渡金屬之有機酸鹽、鹵化物、磷酸鹽、亞磷酸鹽、次磷酸鹽、硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、氧化物、氫氧化物等。有機酸可列舉例如乙酸、丙酸、辛酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、乙醯丙酮、二甲基二硫代胺基甲酸、棕櫚酸、2-乙基己酸、新癸酸、亞麻油酸、妥爾油酸、油酸、癸酸、環烷酸。過渡金屬觸媒可1種單獨使用、亦可合併使用2種以上。
由氧吸收劑組成物之氧吸收量的觀點而言,相對於化合物(A)100質量份,過渡金屬觸媒之摻合量,以過渡金屬量計較佳為0.001~10質量份。相對於化合物(A)100質量份,過渡金屬觸媒之摻合量的上限值,更佳為2質量份以下、又更佳為0.5質量份以下。相對於化合物(A)100質量份,過渡金屬觸媒之下限值,以過渡金屬量計更佳為0.002質量份以上、又更佳為0.01質量份以上。過渡金屬觸媒之含量(過渡金屬量基準)之上限在上述值以下時,經濟性優良。過渡金屬觸媒之含量(過渡金屬量基準)之下限在上述值以上時,可更確實地確保充分的氧吸收量。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,較佳為進一步含有載體物質。特別是將化合物(A)、或化合物(A)及過渡金屬觸媒兩者,載持於載體物質時,氧吸收速度會更加提高,故較佳。
於本實施形態之載體物質載持化合物(A)或過渡金屬觸媒之方法,並無特殊限定,可使用例如以下手
法。
首先,準備化合物(A)、或含有化合物(A)及過渡金屬觸媒兩者的混合液。化合物(A)非液體時,使用溶劑作為液體,化合物(A)為液體時,亦可不使用溶劑。接著,於所準備的混合液中含浸載體物質。此外,使用溶劑時係餾除溶劑,而可得到載持有化合物(A)、或化合物(A)及過渡金屬觸媒兩者的載體。特別是化合物(A)或過渡金屬觸媒為固體時,藉由使用如上述之溶劑,可將化合物(A)、或化合物(A)及過渡金屬觸媒兩者有效率地載持於載體物質。
所使用之溶劑,由化合物(A)之溶解性等之觀點而言,較佳為甲醇、2-丙醇、乙二醇、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、二異丙基醚、四氫呋喃、甲基乙基酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿等之有機溶劑,更佳為甲醇、2-丙醇、乙酸乙酯、甲基乙基酮。
載體物質之具體例,可列舉例如合成矽酸鈣、消石灰、活性碳、沸石、珍珠岩、矽藻土、活性白土、二氧化矽、高嶺土、滑石、皂土、活性氧化鋁、石膏、二氧化矽氧化鋁、矽酸鈣、氧化鎂、石墨、碳黑、氫氧化鋁、氧化鐵等之粉末。該等之中,由氧吸收性能之觀點而言,較佳可使用合成矽酸鈣、矽藻土、二氧化矽、活性碳。載體物質可1種單獨使用、亦可合併使用2種以上。
藉由於載體物質載持化合物(A)、或化合物
(A)及過渡金屬觸媒兩者,可使與氧之接觸面積更加增大,更加增加氧吸收速度或氧吸收量。進一步地,亦可更提高作為氧吸收劑時的操作性。
由上述觀點,載體物質之摻合量,相對於化合物(A)100質量份,較佳為10~1000質量份、更佳為20~800質量份。藉由使載體物質之摻合量成為上述上限值以下,可使氧吸收性能更加提高。藉由使載體物質之摻合量成為上述下限值以上,可更加提高處理性。
如後述,將化合物(A)及過渡金屬觸媒載持於載體物質之氧吸收劑組成物,可填充於通氣性包裝材料,以小袋狀之氧吸收劑包裝體來使用。通氣性包裝材料,只要係使用於氧吸收劑用途之包裝材料即可,並無特殊限定,然就充分得到氧吸收效果之觀點而言,較佳為儘可能通氣性高之包裝材料。適合的具體例,可列舉例如和紙、洋紙、嫘縈紙等之紙類;使用了來自紙漿、纖維素、合成樹脂之纖維等之各種纖維類的不織布、塑膠薄膜或其穿孔物等;或添加了碳酸鈣等後延伸之微孔薄膜等;且可列舉層合由該等中選出之2種以上者等。作為塑膠薄膜,可使用例如使聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚醯胺、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯等之薄膜;與作為密封層之聚乙烯、離子聚合物、聚丁二烯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯甲基丙烯酸共聚物或乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等之薄膜層合接著而得之層合薄膜等。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物中,為了促進
氧吸收反應,亦可進一步含有自由基產生劑或光起始劑等之其他添加劑。自由基產生劑可列舉N-羥基醯亞胺化合物等。自由基產生劑之具體例,可列舉例如N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺、N-羥基馬來醯亞胺、N,N’-二羥基環己烷四羧酸二醯亞胺、N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、N-羥基四氯鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、N-羥基四溴鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、N-羥基六氫鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、3-磺醯基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、3-甲氧基羰基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、3-甲基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、3-羥基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-硝基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-氯-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-甲氧基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-二甲基胺基-N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-羧基-N-羥基六氫鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、4-甲基-N-羥基六氫鄰苯二甲醯亞胺、N-羥基氯橋酸醯亞胺、N-羥基腐殖酸醯亞胺、N-羥基偏苯三甲酸醯亞胺、N,N-二羥基苯均四酸二醯亞胺等。光起始劑可列舉二苯甲酮與其衍生物、噻嗪染料、金屬紫質衍生物、蒽醌衍生物等。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物,亦可進一步含有熱可塑性樹脂等之樹脂(以下,亦有將含有樹脂者稱為「氧吸收性樹脂組成物」者)。製成氧吸收性樹脂組成物之方法,可列舉例如將上述氧吸收劑組成物與熱可塑性樹脂藉由擠出機混練之方法等。關於混練條件,亦可考慮所使用之原料的各種物性等來適當選擇。
熱可塑性樹脂,可列舉例如低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、線狀低密度聚乙烯、線狀超低密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚-1-丁烯、聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯、乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯等之α-烯烴彼此之隨機或嵌段共聚物等之聚烯烴;馬來酸酐接枝聚乙烯或馬來酸酐接枝聚丙烯等之酸改質聚烯烴;乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物或其離子交聯物(離子聚合物)、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物等之乙烯-乙烯基化合物共聚物;聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、α-甲基苯乙烯-苯乙烯共聚物等之苯乙烯系樹脂;聚丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯等之聚乙烯基化合物;耐綸6、耐綸66、耐綸610、耐綸12、聚間苯二甲基己二醯胺(MXD6)等之聚醯胺;聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)、二醇改質聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PETG)、聚琥珀酸乙二酯(PES)、聚琥珀酸丁二酯(PBS)、聚乳酸、聚二醇酸、聚己內酯、聚烷酸羥酯等之聚酯;聚碳酸酯、聚乙二醇等之聚醚;或該等之混合物等。
就氧吸收性能、以及樹脂之成形性及外觀之觀點而言,氧吸收性樹脂組成物中之氧吸收劑組成物的含量,較佳為1~100質量%、更佳為2~80質量%、又更佳為5~50質量%。
氧吸收性樹脂組成物中,在不損及本實施形態之效果的範圍,亦可添加乾燥劑、顏料、染料、抗氧化劑、滑劑(slipping agent)、抗靜電劑、安定劑、可塑劑等之添加劑;碳酸鈣、黏土、雲母、二氧化矽等之填充劑;消臭劑等,但不限定於以上所示者,可混合各種材料。
上述之氧吸收性樹脂組成物,可成形而作為單層之包裝材料、亦可進一步作為單層之包裝容器。或者,亦可作為具有含有氧吸收性樹脂組成物之層(氧吸收性層)、與其他樹脂層之多層體。該多層體亦可作為氧吸收性多層包裝材料或氧吸收性多層包裝容器等來使用。該等情況時,為了使本實施形態之氧吸收性樹脂組成物不露出於容器等之外表面、或不與被保存物(內容物)直接接觸等而言,氧吸收性層較佳為多層體之內層(內側之層)。如此地,於至少具備含有本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物的層(氧吸收性層)之多層體中,較佳係氧吸收性層為內層。
又,上述之氧吸收性樹脂組成物,可作為薄膜狀或薄片狀來使用。例如,可作為至少具有:含有聚烯烴樹脂之密封層、含有氧吸收性樹脂組成物之氧吸收層、及含有氣體障壁性物質之氣體障壁層的氧吸收性多層體來使用。該氧吸收性多層體,可於氣體障壁層之外層層合紙基材,作為氧吸收性紙容器使用。再者,若無特別指明,係將厚度0.1~500μm者稱為「薄膜(狀)」、將厚度超過
500μm者稱為「薄膜(狀)」。
使用於上述之氣體障壁層的氣體障壁性物質,可列舉氣體障壁性熱可塑性樹脂;氣體障壁性熱硬化性樹脂;二氧化矽、氧化鋁、鋁等之各種蒸鍍薄膜;鋁箔等之金屬箔等。氣體障壁性熱可塑性樹脂,可列舉例如乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚醯胺MXD6(間二甲苯二胺/己二酸系)、聚偏二氯乙烯等。氣體障壁性熱硬化性樹脂,可列舉例如氣體障壁性環氧樹脂(例如、三菱瓦斯化學公司製、商品名「MAXIVE」等)等。
作為氧吸收性多層體之製造方法,可依照各種材料之性狀、加工目的、加工步驟等,利用共擠出法、各種疊層法、各種塗佈法等之公知方法。例如,作為薄膜或薄片之成形方法,可列舉透過T模、圓模等,將熔融之樹脂組成物由附屬之擠出機擠出之方法、或於氧吸收性薄膜或氧吸收性薄片塗佈接著劑,與其他薄膜或薄片貼合之方法等。又,亦可採用藉由多層多重模,將熔融之樹脂組成物由射出機共射出或逐次射出於射出金屬鑄模中,以成形為指定形狀之多層容器或容器製造用之預形體的方法。藉由將預形體於延伸溫度加熱後,朝向軸方向延伸,並且流體壓朝向圓周方向吹塑延伸,可得到延伸吹塑瓶。
使所得之氧吸收性多層體成為薄膜後,可加工為袋狀或蓋材等來使用。又,使氧吸收性多層體成為薄片後,可藉由真空成形、壓空成形、模塞助壓成形(plug assist forming)等之成形方法,熱成形為托架、杯、瓶、
管等之指定形狀之氧吸收多性容器。又,所得之袋狀容器或杯狀容器,可進行80~100℃之煮沸殺菌處理、100~135℃之半曲頸瓶殺菌處理、曲頸瓶殺菌處理、高曲頸瓶殺菌處理等。又,較佳可使用於將食品等之內容物填充於袋狀容器,設置開封口,於微波爐加熱調理時由該開封口放出蒸氣之對應於微波爐調理之附有易通蒸口的囊袋。
上述之氧吸收劑組成物或氧吸收性樹脂組成物,藉由以通氣性包裝材料包裝,可作為氧吸收劑包裝體來使用。亦即,本實施形態之氧吸收劑包裝體,可列舉具備上述氧吸收劑組成物(或含有其之氧吸收性樹脂組成物)、與包裝該組成物之通氣性包裝材料的氧吸收劑包裝體。本實施形態之氧吸收劑包裝體,可使用不含有如上述之樹脂的氧吸收劑組成物、亦可使用摻合有樹脂之氧吸收性樹脂組成物,可考慮用途等來選擇。
本實施形態之氧吸收劑包裝體之其一態樣,可列舉將上述氧吸收劑組成物或氧吸收性樹脂組成物,加工為粉體狀、顆粒狀、丸粒狀、薄膜狀、薄片狀或其他小片狀,將之填充於通氣性包裝材料,作為小袋狀之氧吸收劑包裝體等。特別是使用了氧吸收劑組成物之氧吸收劑包裝體的情況時,較佳可使用氧吸收劑組成物為粉體狀、顆粒狀者。又,使用了氧吸收性樹脂組成物之氧吸收劑包裝體的情況時,較佳可使用薄膜狀、薄片狀者。
作為通氣性包裝材料,只要係具有通氣性者則無特殊限定,為了充分得到氧吸收效果,較佳為儘可能通氣性高之包裝材料。通氣性包裝材料之具體例,可列舉例如和紙、洋紙、嫘縈紙等之紙類;使用了來自紙漿、纖維素、合成樹脂之纖維等之各種纖維類的不織布;塑膠薄膜或其穿孔物等;添加了碳酸鈣等後延伸之微孔薄膜等;及層合由該等中選出之2種以上而得之層合體等。又,只要在可得到本實施形態之效果的範圍內,則當然可使用上述者作為通氣性包裝材料。
作為塑膠薄膜,可列舉例如使聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚醯胺、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯等之薄膜;與作為密封層之聚乙烯、離子聚合物、聚丁二烯、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯甲基丙烯酸共聚物或乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等之薄膜層合接著而得之層合薄膜等。可將層合薄膜之密封層彼此貼合,密封端部,於其中填充氧吸收劑。
又,通氣性包裝材料之形狀並無特殊限定,亦可依照所使用之用途等,適當成形為適合的形狀。例如,可將通氣性包裝材料成形為薄膜狀或薄片狀,於其中填充氧吸收劑組成物或氧吸收性樹脂組成物,而作為標籤、卡片、襯墊等之形態的氧吸收體來使用。
關於本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物及使用其之上述各態樣,在該等的使用時,可照射能量線,促進氧吸收反應之開始、或提高氧吸收速度。作為能量線,可利用例如可塑光線、紫外線、X射線、電子束、γ射線等。
照射能量之量,可依照所使用能量線之種類來適當選擇。
關於本實施形態之氧吸收劑組成物及使用其之上述各態樣,不管被保存物水分之有無,均可吸收氧,因此可適合使用於粉末調味料、咖啡粉、咖啡豆、米、茶、豆、薄米餅、煎餅等之乾燥食品或醫藥品、維生素劑等之健康食品。
其他,作為被保存物,可列舉精米、米飯、紅豆飯、麻糬等之米加工品類;湯、燉物、咖哩等之調理食品;水果、羊羹、布丁、蛋糕、日本饅頭等之甜食類;鮪魚、魚貝等之水產製品;起士、奶油、蛋等之乳加工品;肉、沙拉米香腸、香腸、火腿等之畜肉加工品;紅蘿蔔、馬鈴薯、蘆筍、香菇等之蔬菜類。又,飲料可列舉啤酒、葡萄酒、水果汁、碳酸軟性飲料等。
以下使用實施例以進一步詳細說明本發明,但本發明不受此等所限定。
於具備溫度計、部分冷凝器、全冷凝器、及攪拌裝置之300mL反應器中,裝入己二酸二甲酯10.8g(62mmol)、四氫萘甲醇30.0g(185mmol),昇溫至130℃。添加四丁氧化鈦單體58mg(以Ti換算係200ppm)後,昇溫至200℃,一邊將所生成之甲醇去除到系外。同時進行反
應。甲醇之生成停止後,冷卻至室溫,將未反應之四氫萘甲醇減壓去除後,藉由再結晶,得到二酯化合物A。使用示差熱.熱重量同時測定裝置(島津製作所公司製、商品名「DTG-60」),測定所得到之化合物的3%重量減少溫度。3%重量減少溫度之測定,係以10℃/分鐘之昇溫速度昇溫至500℃來進行。所得化合物之構造式及3%重量減少溫度如表1所示。作為一例之NMR分析結果係如以下所示。1H-NMR(500MHz CDCl3)δ7.02-7.09(6H m)、5.52(4H s)、2.68-2.78(8H m)、2.27-2.39(4H m)、1.73-1.84(8H m)、1.60-1.69(4H m)。關於以下合成例,若無特別指明,亦藉由同樣手法來確認化合物構造。
除了使用癸二酸二甲酯以取代己二酸二甲酯,且使其重量為14.3g(62mmol)以外,係進行與合成例1同樣的操作,得到二酯化合物B。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。作為一例之NMR分析結果係如以下所示。1H-NMR(500MHz CDCl3)δ7.03-7.10(6H m)、5.50(4H s)、2.68-2.79(8H m)、2.26-2.39(4H m)、1.73-1.84(8H m)、1.60-1.69(4H m)、1.25-1.34(8H m)。
除了使用琥珀酸二甲酯以取代己二酸二甲酯,且使其重量為9.1g(62mmol)以外,係進行與合成例1同樣的
操作,得到二酯化合物C。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。
除了使用鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯以取代己二酸二甲酯,且使其重量為12.0g(62mmol)以外,係進行與合成例1同樣的操作,得到二酯化合物D。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。
除了使用間苯二甲酸二甲酯以取代己二酸二甲酯,且使其重量為12.0g(62mmol)以外,係進行與合成例1同樣的操作,得到二酯化合物E。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。
除了使用對苯二甲酸二甲酯以取代己二酸二甲酯,且使其重量為12.0g(62mmol)以外,係進行與合成例1同樣的操作,得到二酯化合物F。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。再者,作為一例之NMR分析結果係如以下所示。1H-NMR(500MHz CDCl3)δ8.06-8.14(4H m)、7.04-7.22(6H m)、5.30(4H s)、2.70-2.87(8H m)、1.74-1.87(8H m)。
於具備溫度計、攪拌裝置之500mL反應容器中裝入四氫萘118.98g(900mmol)、甲烷磺酸17.3g(180mmol),進行氮取代。於室溫由滴下漏斗花費45分鐘滴入甲醛37%水溶液14.6g(以甲醛換算係180mmol)。直接攪拌2小時後,以己烷稀釋後,滴入NaHCO3水,使反應結束。以己烷萃取後,以硫酸鎂乾燥並過濾。然後進行溶劑餾除以得到粗生成物。以水浴溫度150℃、壓力:0 torr下由所得之粗生成物中去除四氫萘後,藉由二氧化矽凝膠管柱層析,得到不飽和烴G。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。
除了使用乙醛90%水溶液以取代甲醛水溶液,且使其重量為8.8g(以乙醛換算係180mmol)以外,進行與合成例7之合成同樣的操作,得到不飽和烴H。所得之化合物的構造式及3%重量減少溫度係如表1所示。
於二酯化合物A100質量份中添加二氧化矽溶膠(商品名「MEK-ST 40D」、日產化學工業公司製,含有甲基乙基酮60質量%)750質量份、與以鈷量成為0.4質量份的方式添加2-乙基己酸鈷,於氮環境下、70℃攪拌1小時後,將甲基乙基酮減壓餾除、且粉末化,製作粒狀物(粒
狀氧吸收劑)。
接著,準備2個由鋁箔層合薄膜構成的氣體障壁袋。然後將所得之粒狀氧吸收劑1g與空氣500cc一併各填充於氣體障壁袋內。然後將一者之袋內的相對濕度調整為100%、將另一者之袋內的相對濕度調整為30%後,分別密封。測定如此方式所得之密封體的袋內氧濃度。然後,將此密封體於23℃保管14天,測定保管後之袋內氧濃度。由此等之濃度,算出14天中氧吸收劑所吸收之氧的總量。由所算出之氧總量,分別算出氧吸收劑每1g之氧吸收量(「cc/g-劑」)及各化合物每1g之氧吸收量(「cc/g-化合物」)。又,基於以下之評估基準,官能評估氧吸收前後之臭氣。該等測定結果如表2所示。
◎ 化合物本身無臭氣、氧吸收前後均無臭氣
○ 化合物本身有若干臭氣,但氧吸收前後並無臭氣之變化
× 氧吸收後臭氣增大
除了將二酯化合物A變更為二酯化合物B以外,係與實施例1同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將二酯化合物A變更為二酯化合物C以外,係
與實施例1同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將二酯化合物A變更為二酯化合物D以外,係與實施例1同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將二酯化合物A變更為二酯化合物E以外,係與實施例1同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將二酯化合物A變更為二酯化合物F以外,係與實施例1同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
相對於不飽和烴G100質量份,以鈷量成為0.1質量份的方式添加2-乙基己酸鈷並攪拌,以調製溶液。將此溶液含浸於矽藻土(商品名「RC417」、昭和化學工業公司製)133質量份,製作粒狀物(粒狀氧吸收劑)。除了使粒狀氧吸收劑之填充量變更為0.5g以外,係與實施例1
同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將不飽和烴G變更為不飽和烴H以外,係與實施例7同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
除了將不飽和烴G變更為1,5-二甲基四氫萘以外,係與實施例7同樣方式進行氧吸收量之測定及氧吸收前後之臭氣的官能評估。該等結果如表2所示。
由表中亦可明顯確認,各實施例在高濕度下及低濕度下均顯示優良的氧吸收性能,而且氧吸收前後亦無臭氣。
本申請案係基於2012年08月29日向日本國特許廳申請之日本特許出願(特願2012-188565)者,將其內容作為參照而援用於此。
依照本發明之氧吸收劑組成物及氧吸收劑包裝體,可作為不與金屬探測器感應之氧吸收劑來使用,且氧吸收前後並無臭氣,具有優良的氧吸收性能,因此不論對象物,可使用於食品、調理食品、飲料、醫藥品、健康食品等各種用途。
Claims (9)
- 一種氧吸收劑組成物,其係含有具有2個以上之四氫萘環的化合物(A)、及過渡金屬觸媒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述化合物(A)為以由下述一般式(1)~(6)所構成群組中選出之至少任一者表示之化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述化合物(A)之分子量為276~1000。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氧吸收劑組成物,其進一步含有載體物質。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述載體物質為由合成矽酸鈣、矽藻土、二氧化矽、及活性碳所構成群組中選出之至少1種。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中相對於前述化合物(A)100質量份,含有前述載體物質10~1000質量份。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中前述過渡金屬觸媒係含有由錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、及銅所構成群組中選出之至少1種過渡金屬。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氧吸收劑組成物,其中相對於前述化合物(A)100質量份,以過渡金屬量計含有0.001~10質量份之前述過渡金屬觸媒。
- 一種氧吸收劑包裝體,其係具備如申請專利範圍第1或2項之氧吸收劑組成物、與包裝前述氧吸收劑組成物之通氣性包裝材料。
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