JP2018108582A - ナノファイバー含有複合材構造体 - Google Patents
ナノファイバー含有複合材構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
- D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(a)液体から濾過される微粒子が通例、約0.1μmから約10μmの範囲である、精密濾過(MF);
(b)液体から濾過される微粒子が通例、約2ナノメートル(nm)から約0.1μmの範囲である、限外濾過(UF);および
(c)濾過される粒子状物質が通例、約1Åから約1nmの範囲である、逆浸透(RO)
において使用することができる。
図1は、複合材液体濾過プラットフォームが単一の静電紡糸ポリマー系ナノファイバーから作製した静電紡糸多孔性ナノファイバーマット60を有する複合材液体濾過媒体を含む、本発明の一実施形態を概略的に表す。単一ナノファイバーは、静電紡糸工程により、帯電回転ドラム20と捕集電極35との間に位置決めされた移動捕集装置30の1回の通過によって作製される。ナノファイバーウェブまたはマットは、同じ移動捕集装置30の上で同時に動作している1個以上の紡糸ドラム20によって形成できることが認識される。
1)単層においてレトロウイルスの完全な保持力を示さない多孔性メンブレン支持体、例えば:
i)マサチューセッツ州ビレリカのEMD Millipore Corporationから入手可能な、0.1μm等級のMillipore Express(登録商標)メンブレン
ii)マサチューセッツ州ビレリカのEMD Millipore Corporationから入手可能な、Retropore(商標)メンブレン、または
iii)ドイツ、ヴッパータールのMembrana GmbHによる、0.45μm等級ナイロンメンブレンもしくは0.60μm等級ナイロンメンブレン、および
2)多孔性メンブレン支持体上に配置され、より高い透過度、濾過能力(多孔性メンブレン前濾過による。)およびより低いナノファイバー生産コスト(より低いナノファイバー層厚さによる。)にて、完全なレトロウイルス保持力を達成するために使用されているよりも薄い厚さを有する、ポリマー系静電紡糸ナノファイバー層
を含む。
静電紡糸ナノファイバー層の作製方法は例えば、それぞれ参照によりこの全体が本明細書に組み入れられ、それぞれチェコ共和国、リベレツのElmarco s.r.o.に譲渡された、WO2005/024101、WO2006/131081およびWO2008/106903に教示されている。
目付量は、ASTM procedure D−3776,「Standard Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area(Weight)of Fabric」に従って決定し、g/m2で報告し、参照によりこれの全体が本明細書に組み入れられている。
レトロウイルス保持力は以下の試験方法を使用して試験した。バクテリオファージPR772チャレンジ流(challenge stream)は、リン酸緩衝食塩(PBS)溶液中で、1.0×107pfu/mLの最小力価で調製した。試験が行われる多孔性媒体を25mm円板に切断して、EMD Millipore Corporationから市販されているオプティスケール25ディスポーザブル・カプセル・フィルタ・デバイスと同じタイプのオーバーモールド・プロピレン・デバイス内に密閉した。デバイスは、エアロッキングを防止するための空気口を含み、3.5cm2の有効濾過面積を有する。これらのデバイスは次に、172.375kPa(25psi)の圧力にて水で濡らした後に、34.475kPa(5psi)の圧力にて上述のチャレンジ流によってチャレンジを行った。濾液100mlの回収後、または濾過の4時間後のどちらか早いほうにて、試験を終了した。最初および最後の供給量中のバクテリオファージの定量は、一晩インキュベートしたプレート上で、ライトボックスおよびコロニーカウンタを使用して行った。対応する対数保持力値(log retention values、LRV)を計算した。
マイコプラズマ保持力は、メンブレン1平方cm当たり8.77×107コロニー形成単位(CFU/cm2)を用いて、メンブレンにチャレンジを行うことによって測定した。デバイスは、アコレプラズマ・ライドラウィー(Acholeplasma laidlawii(A.ライドラウィー(A.laidlawii)))50mlによってチャレンジを行い、次にマイコプラズマ緩衝液50mlを、合計で100mlを流した。次に100ml全部を0.22μm滅菌メンブレンで濾過した。次に、マサチューセッツ州ビレリカのEMD Millipore Corporationに譲渡されたWO 2009/032040で教示されている手順に従い、ここで滅菌グレードフィルタの保持力試験方法は:a)A.ライドラウィー(A.laidlawii)のストックを提供すること;b)高い力価まで細胞培養を維持して、細胞が小型で劣化して球状である細胞形態を生じる単一無血清増殖培地中において、A.ライドラウィー(A.laidlawii)のストックを約24時間以内で増殖させて、これにより細菌培養物を生産すること;c)細菌培養物を公知のチャレンジレベルにて試験フィルタで濾過することによって試験フィルタのチャレンジを行い、これにより試験フィルタの下流で濾液を生産すること;およびd)濾液中のA.ライドラウィー(A.laidlawii)の濃度を検出することを含む。A.ライドラウィー(A.laidlawii)を培養または貯蔵するための無血清増殖培地についても説明されている。
不織布上に生産した静電紡糸ナノファイバーマットとメンブレン上に生産したナノファイバーマットとの比較。
ナノファイバー層および支持メンブレンを特色とする複合材濾過媒体を含むマイコプラズマ保持性複合材液体濾過プラットフォームの製造。
マイコプラズマ保持性ナノファイバー/メンブレン複合材の製造における紡糸時間の調査。
ナノファイバー層および支持メンブレン複合材濾過媒体を特色とする複合材濾過媒体を含む、B.ディミヌタ(B.diminuta)保持性複合材液体濾過プラットフォームの製造。
レトロウイルス保持性ナノファイバー層および多孔性支持メンブレンを特色とする複合材液体濾過媒体を含む複合材液体濾過プラットフォームの製造。
レトロウイルス保持性ナノファイバー層および多孔性支持メンブレンを特色とする複合材液体濾過媒体を含む複合材液体濾過プラットフォームの濾過スループット。
本発明による複合材液体濾過プラットフォームは、食品、飲料、医薬品、バイオテクノロジー、マイクロエレクトロニクス、化学的加工、水処理および他の液体処理産業において有用である。
本明細書で教示する複合材濾過媒体は、液体試料または液体流から微生物および微粒子を除去するために使用できるキットとして提供することも可能である。キットは例えば、本明細書で教示する多孔性メンブレン基材上の静電紡糸ナノファイバー液体濾過層を含む1つ以上の複合材濾過媒体を、複合材濾過媒体を包含または使用するための1つ以上の液体濾過デバイスまたは支持体と共に備えていてもよい。
本願は、2011年4月1日に提出された米国仮特許出願第61/470705号の利益を請求し、この内容全体が参照により本明細書に盛り込まれる。
Claims (16)
- 液体を多孔性複合材媒体に通すことを含む当該液体試料から微生物を分離する方法であって:前記多孔性複合材媒体は、
多孔性非対称性メンブレンプレフィルタ、および
前記多孔性非対称性メンブレン上に位置する多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー保持層
を備え、
前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー保持層のナノファイバーの平均直径は10nmから150nmの範囲であり、
前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層の孔径が、前記多孔性非対称性メンブレンの孔径よりも小さく、
前記多孔性複合材媒体が、前記多孔性非対称性メンブレン単独のバブルポイントより、少なくとも20%大きい、イソプロピルアルコールで測定されたバブルポイントを有する、方法。 - 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、対称性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、静電紡糸マットである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、ポリイミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、芳香族ポリアミド、ポリスルホン、セルロースアセテート、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリウレタン、ポリ(尿素ウレタン)、ポリベンゾイミダゾール、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)、ポリプロピレン、ポリアニリン、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)、ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)、ポリ(ブチレンテレフタレート)、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ポリスチレン、ポリ(塩化ビニル)、ポリ(ビニルアルコール)、ポリ(フッ化ビニリデン)、ポリ(ビニルブチレン)から成る群より選択されるポリマー、コポリマー、この誘導体化合物またはこれらのブレンドを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、脂肪族ポリアミドを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、ポリマー、コポリマーおよびこれらの混合物のブレンドを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 10μmから500μmの総厚を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 50μmから200μmの総厚を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、1μmから200μmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、1μmから100μmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層が、1μmから25μmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性メンブレンが、10μmから500μmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔性メンブレンが、50μmから200μmの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ASTM E 1294−89に従って計測して68.95kPa(10psi)から896.35kPa(130psi)のイソプロパノールの平均流バブルポイントを持つ、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 液体試料を多孔性複合材媒体に通すことを含む当該液体試料から微生物を分離する方法であって:前記多孔性複合材媒体は、
細目側、粗目側および前記細目側と前記粗目側との間でサイズが増大する孔径を有する多孔性非対称性メンブレンプレフィルタ、ならびに
前記細目側上に位置する多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー保持層
を備え、
前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー保持層のナノファイバーの平均直径は10nmから150nmの範囲であり、
前記多孔性非対称性メンブレンプレフィルタの前記細目側の孔径が、前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー保持層の孔径よりも大きく、
前記多孔性複合材媒体が、前記多孔性非対称性メンブレン単独のバブルポイントより、少なくとも20%大きい、イソプロピルアルコールで測定されたバブルポイントを有する、方法。 - 液体試料を複合材液体濾過デバイスに通すことを含む当該液体試料から微生物を分離する方法であって:前記複合材液体濾過デバイスは、
細目側、粗目側および前記細目側と前記粗目側との間でサイズが増大する孔径を有する多孔性非対称性メンブレンを有するプレフィルタ、ならびに
前記多孔性非対称性メンブレンの前記細目側上に位置する多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層を有する保持フィルタ
を備え、
前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層のナノファイバーの平均直径は10nmから150nmの範囲であり、
前記多孔性非対称性メンブレンの前記細目側の孔径が、前記多孔性ポリマー系ナノファイバー層の孔径よりも大きく、
前記複合材液体濾過デバイスが、前記多孔性非対称性メンブレン単独のバブルポイントより、少なくとも20%大きい、イソプロピルアルコールで測定されたバブルポイントを有する、方法。
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US11154821B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
JP2016120490A (ja) | 2016-07-07 |
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WO2012135679A9 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
EP2694196A4 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
CN103459006A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
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EP2694196A2 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
US20130092622A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
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JP6289442B2 (ja) | 2018-03-07 |
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