Mastitis
Mastitis
Mastitis
Introduction
• Inflammation of the parenchyma of the mammary gland caused by variety of different infectious organism.
• Characterized by physical, chemical and usually bacteriological changes in the milk and by pathological changes in
the glandular tissue.
Etiology:
• Bacteria (70%):
• Example- Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Sps., E- Coli, Actinomyces, Campylovacter, Haemophilus
sps, Klebsiella sps, Enterobactr aerogenes, Mycobacterium bovis, etc
• Yeasts and molds (~2%)
• Unknown (~28%)
• Physical, trauma, weather extemes
Source of infection
• Infected udder
• Enviroment
• Bedding
• Soil
• Water
• Manure
• Replacement animals
Transmission
Source of infection:
• Infected udder, Enviroment (Bedding ,Soil, Water,
Manure), Replacement animals
Transmission occurs by
• hands of milker, milking machine cups and
flies
• By lying on contaminated ground
• Hematogenously or through skin injuries
Pathogenesis
Clinical Symptoms
Per acute Mastitis:
• Includes: toxemia, fever, tachycardia, ruminal stasis, anorexia, general depression and
recumbency.
• Udder extremely hot, painful and swollen initially. However, within few hours
affected quarters start to show bluish discoloration, coldness and insensitivity
• In some cases the affected quarter may become gangrenous and slough.
Clinical Symptoms
Acute Mastits:
• Includes: toxemia, fever, tachycardia, ruminal stasis, anorexia, general depression and
recumbency.
• Udder extremely hot, painful and swollen initially. However, within few hours
affected quarters start to show bluish discoloration, coldness and insensitivity
• In some cases the affected quarter may become gangrenous and slough.
Findings
• Mainly limited to the affected udders
Microscopically:
• Infiltration of neutrophil in acute cases but lot of macrophages and lymphocytes in later
stages