WO2013031379A1 - 車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013031379A1 WO2013031379A1 PCT/JP2012/066979 JP2012066979W WO2013031379A1 WO 2013031379 A1 WO2013031379 A1 WO 2013031379A1 JP 2012066979 W JP2012066979 W JP 2012066979W WO 2013031379 A1 WO2013031379 A1 WO 2013031379A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- mode
- blower
- outlet
- temperature
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/0075—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being solar radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
- B60H1/00864—Ventilators and damper doors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H1/00064—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending air streams of different temperatures into the passenger compartment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00892—Devices specially adapted for avoiding uncomfortable feeling, e.g. sudden temperature changes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner capable of improving passenger comfort when solar radiation is strong.
- a blower (32) that generates blown air and a heating heat exchanger (36) that heats the blown air by exchanging heat between the blown air and the heat medium.
- a control means (50) for determining the operating rate of the blower (32), a face outlet (39a) for blowing air to the upper body of the occupant, and a foot outlet for blowing air to the lower body of the occupant
- a blower outlet mode switching means (39d, 39e, 39f) for switching a plurality of blower outlet modes by switching air volume ratios blown from a plurality of blower outlets (39a, 39b, 39c) including (39b)
- the control means (50) restricts the operating rate of the blower (32) based on the temperature of the heat medium, and the outlet mode is the face outlet (39a) and the foot outlet. From both 39 b) when that is the bi-level mode for blowing the blowing air, characterized in that less restrictive operating rate of
- the restriction on the operating rate of the blower (32) is relaxed in the bi-level mode, the amount of air blown from the face outlet (39a) can be increased even if the temperature of the heat medium is not sufficiently high. . For this reason, it is possible to improve the comfort of the passenger when the solar radiation is strong.
- the control means (50) determines the operating rate of the blower (32) based on the air conditioning load, and the upper limit of the operating rate of the blower (32).
- the value is determined based on the temperature of the heat medium, and the operating rate of the blower (32) is limited to the upper limit value or less when the blowout port mode is at least a mode in which blown air is blown from the foot blowout port (39b).
- the upper limit value is determined to be a value equal to or higher than the operating rate of the blower (32) determined based on the air conditioning load.
- control means (50) is configured so that the temperature of the heat medium is maintained even when the air outlet mode is in the bi-level mode.
- the control means (50) is configured so that the temperature of the heat medium is maintained even when the air outlet mode is in the bi-level mode.
- auxiliary heating means (37) for heating the blown air in the third aspect of the present invention, and the control means (50) is assisted during the operation of the auxiliary heating means (37).
- the predetermined temperature is lowered as compared with when the heating means (37) is stopped.
- the auxiliary heating means (37) it is possible to relax the restriction on the operating rate of the blower (32) even if the temperature of the heat medium is low. Furthermore, if the auxiliary heating means (37) is operating, the temperature of the blown air can be increased even if the temperature of the heat medium is low, so that the feeling of cold wind at the feet of the passenger is small. Therefore, the comfort of the passenger when the solar radiation is strong can be improved without impairing the passenger's feeling of heating.
- the control means (50) controls the temperature of the heat medium when the outlet mode is the bi-level mode. Based on the temperature of the heat medium compared to the bi-level mode when the operating rate of the blower (32) is limited and the blower outlet mode is the face mode that blows out blown air from the face blower outlet (39a). It is characterized in that the restriction on the operating rate of the blower (32) is reduced, and that the larger the amount of solar radiation, the harder the air outlet mode is determined to the bi-level mode and the easier it is to determine the face mode.
- a blower (32) that generates blown air
- a heat exchanger (36) for heating that heats the blown air by exchanging heat between the blown air and the heat medium, and the upper body of the occupant
- the ratio of the amount of air blown out from a plurality of air outlets (39a, 39b, 39c) including a face air outlet (39a) that blows out the air to be directed and a foot air outlet (39b) that blows out the air to the passenger's lower body is switched.
- the air outlet mode switching means (39d, 39e, 39f) for switching a plurality of air outlet modes, and the control means (50) for determining the operating rate of the air blower (32) and the air outlet mode.
- (50) is a bi-level mode in which the air outlet mode blows out air from both the face air outlet (39a) and the foot air outlet (39b).
- the air outlet mode blows out air from both the face air outlet (39a) and the foot air outlet (39b).
- the blowout port mode is the face mode that blows out blown air from the face blowout port (39a).
- the restriction on the operating rate of the blower (32) based on the temperature of the heat medium is reduced, and the larger the amount of solar radiation, the harder the air outlet mode is determined to be the bi-level mode and the easier it is to determine the face mode.
- the air outlet mode is less likely to be determined as the bi-level mode, and the face mode is more easily determined. Therefore, when the amount of solar radiation is strong, the amount of air blown from the face air outlet (39a) is increased. Crew comfort can be improved.
- the air volume ratio blown out from the foot outlet (39b) is smaller than in the bi-level mode. Therefore, if the face mode is easily determined, it is possible to reduce the cool wind feeling at the passenger's feet.
- control means (50) determines the outlet mode according to the air conditioning load, and the higher the amount of solar radiation, the more the outlet mode becomes the bi-level mode.
- the air-conditioning load area to be determined is narrowed, and the air-conditioning load area in which the air outlet mode becomes the face mode is widened.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 are overall configuration diagrams of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an electric control unit of the vehicle air conditioner 1.
- the vehicle air conditioner is applied to a hybrid vehicle that obtains driving force for vehicle travel from an internal combustion engine (engine) EG and a travel electric motor.
- engine internal combustion engine
- the hybrid vehicle of the present embodiment is configured as a so-called plug-in hybrid vehicle that can charge the battery 81 with electric power supplied from an external power source (commercial power source) when the vehicle is stopped.
- the battery 81 is charged from an external power source when the vehicle is stopped before the vehicle starts running, so that the remaining amount of power stored in the battery 81 is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference remaining amount for driving as in the start of running.
- this operation mode is referred to as an EV operation mode).
- HV operation mode when the remaining amount of power stored in the battery 81 is lower than the reference remaining amount for traveling while the vehicle is traveling, the vehicle travels mainly by the driving force of the engine EG (hereinafter, this operation mode is referred to as HV operation mode).
- this operation mode is referred to as HV operation mode.
- the EV operation mode is an operation mode in which the vehicle is driven mainly by the driving force output from the traveling electric motor. However, when the vehicle traveling load becomes a high load, the engine EG is operated to operate the traveling electric motor. Assist the motor.
- the HV operation mode is an operation mode in which the vehicle is driven mainly by the driving force output from the engine EG. When the vehicle driving load becomes high, the driving electric motor is operated to operate the engine EG. To assist.
- the operations of the engine EG and the traveling electric motor are controlled by an engine control device (not shown).
- the driving force output from the engine EG is used not only for driving the vehicle but also for operating the generator 80.
- the electric power generated with the generator 80 and the electric power supplied from the external power supply can be stored in the battery 81, and the electric power stored in the battery 81 is not only a traveling electric motor but also a vehicle air conditioner. 1 can be supplied to various in-vehicle devices including each component device.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 performs pre-air conditioning that performs air conditioning of the vehicle interior before an occupant enters the vehicle during charging of the battery 81 from an external power source, in addition to normal air conditioning that performs air conditioning of the vehicle interior when the vehicle is traveling. It can be carried out.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a cooling mode (COOL cycle) for cooling the passenger compartment, a heating mode (HOT cycle) for heating the passenger compartment, and a first dehumidifying mode (DRY_EVA cycle) for dehumidifying the passenger compartment in normal air conditioning and pre-air conditioning. ) And the second dehumidifying mode (DRY_ALL cycle) refrigerant circuit 10 that is configured to be able to switch the refrigerant circuit.
- COOL cycle cooling mode
- HET cycle heating mode
- DRY_EVA cycle first dehumidifying mode
- DRY_ALL cycle the second dehumidifying mode
- the first dehumidification mode is a dehumidification mode that prioritizes the dehumidification capacity over the heating capacity
- the second dehumidification mode is a dehumidification mode that prioritizes the heating capacity over the dehumidification capacity. Therefore, the first dehumidification mode can be expressed as a low temperature dehumidification mode or a simple dehumidification mode, and the second dehumidification mode can be expressed as a high temperature dehumidification mode or a dehumidification heating mode.
- the refrigeration cycle 10 includes a compressor 11, an indoor condenser 12 and an indoor evaporator 26 as indoor heat exchangers, a temperature expansion valve 27 and a fixed throttle 14 as decompression means for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circuit switching means. And a plurality of (in this embodiment, five) electromagnetic valves 13, 17, 20, 21, 24, etc., function as temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature of the blown air blown into the passenger compartment.
- the refrigeration cycle 10 employs a normal chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant as a refrigerant, and constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant. Further, the refrigerant is mixed with refrigerating machine oil for lubricating the compressor 11, and a part of the refrigerating machine oil circulates in the cycle together with the refrigerant.
- the compressor 11 is disposed in the engine room, sucks the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 10, compresses it, and discharges it.
- the electric motor 11b drives the fixed capacity compression mechanism 11a having a fixed discharge capacity. It is configured as a compressor.
- various types of compression mechanisms such as a scroll type compression mechanism and a vane type compression mechanism can be adopted as the fixed capacity type compression mechanism 11a.
- the electric motor 11b is an AC motor whose operation (number of rotations) is controlled by an AC voltage output from the inverter 61. Further, the inverter 61 outputs an AC voltage having a frequency corresponding to a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 50 described later. And the refrigerant
- the refrigerant inlet side of the indoor condenser 12 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 11.
- the indoor condenser 12 is disposed in a casing 31 that forms an air passage for the blown air that is blown into the vehicle interior in the indoor air conditioning unit 30 of the vehicle air conditioner, and a refrigerant that circulates in the casing 31 and an indoor evaporator described later. It is a heat exchanger for heating which heats blowing air by heat-exchanging with blowing air after passing 26. The details of the indoor air conditioning unit 30 will be described later.
- An electric three-way valve 13 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12.
- the electric three-way valve 13 is refrigerant circuit switching means whose operation is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- the electric three-way valve 13 switches to a refrigerant circuit that connects between the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet side of the fixed throttle 14 in an energized state in which electric power is supplied.
- the refrigerant circuit is switched to a refrigerant circuit that connects between the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and one refrigerant inlet / outlet of the first three-way joint 15.
- the fixed throttle 14 is a dehumidifying means for heating and dehumidifying that decompresses and expands the refrigerant flowing out of the electric three-way valve 13 in the heating mode and the first and second dehumidifying modes.
- a capillary tube, an orifice, or the like can be employed as the fixed throttle 14.
- an electric variable throttle mechanism in which the throttle passage area is adjusted by a control signal output from the air-conditioning control device 50 may be employed as the decompression means for heating and dehumidification.
- a refrigerant inlet / outlet port of a third three-way joint 23 described later is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the fixed throttle 14.
- the first three-way joint 15 has three refrigerant inlets and outlets and functions as a branching part that branches the refrigerant flow path.
- a three-way joint may be constituted by joining refrigerant pipes, or may be constituted by providing a plurality of refrigerant passages in a metal block or a resin block.
- one refrigerant inlet / outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet of the first three-way joint 15, and the refrigerant inlet side of the low-pressure solenoid valve 17 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet. ing.
- the low pressure solenoid valve 17 has a valve body portion that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path and a solenoid (coil) that drives the valve body portion, and the operation of which is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50. Circuit switching means. More specifically, the low-pressure solenoid valve 17 is configured as a so-called normally closed on-off valve that opens in an energized state and closes in a non-energized state.
- the refrigerant outlet side of the low pressure solenoid valve 17 is connected to one refrigerant inlet / outlet of a fifth three-way joint 28 described later via a first check valve 18.
- the first check valve 18 only allows the refrigerant to flow from the low pressure solenoid valve 17 side to the fifth three-way joint 28 side.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is arranged in the engine room, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating inside and the air outside the vehicle (outside air) blown from the blower fan 16a.
- the blower fan 16 a is an electric blower in which the rotation speed (the amount of blown air) is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- the blower fan 16a of the present embodiment blows outdoor air not only to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 but also to a radiator (not shown) that dissipates the cooling water of the engine EG. Specifically, the vehicle exterior air blown from the blower fan 16a flows in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 ⁇ the radiator.
- the radiator is connected to a cooling water pipe that constitutes a cooling water circuit 40 indicated by a broken line in FIGS. The cooling water circuit 40 will be described later.
- a cooling water pump for circulating the cooling water is disposed in the cooling water circuit indicated by a broken line in FIGS.
- the cooling water pump 40 a is an electric water pump whose rotation speed (cooling water circulation amount) is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- One refrigerant inlet / outlet of the second three-way joint 19 is connected to the other refrigerant inlet / outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 16.
- the basic configuration of the second three-way joint 19 is the same as that of the first three-way joint 15.
- the refrigerant inlet side of the high-pressure solenoid valve 20 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet of the second three-way joint 19, and one refrigerant inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger cutoff electromagnetic valve 21 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet. It is connected.
- the high-pressure solenoid valve 20 and the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 are refrigerant circuit switching means whose operation is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50. It is the same. However, the high-pressure solenoid valve 20 and the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 are configured as so-called normally open type on-off valves that close in an energized state and open in a non-energized state.
- the refrigerant outlet side of the high pressure solenoid valve 20 is connected to the throttle mechanism portion inlet side of a temperature type expansion valve 27 described later via a second check valve 22.
- the second check valve 22 only allows the refrigerant to flow from the high pressure solenoid valve 20 side to the temperature type expansion valve 27 side.
- One refrigerant inlet / outlet of the third three-way joint 23 is connected to the other refrigerant inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger cutoff solenoid valve 21.
- the basic configuration of the third three-way joint 23 is the same as that of the first three-way joint 15. Further, as described above, the refrigerant outlet side of the fixed throttle 14 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet of the third three-way joint 23, and the refrigerant inlet side of the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet. Yes.
- the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is a refrigerant circuit switching means whose operation is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50, and its basic configuration is the same as that of the low pressure electromagnetic valve 17. Further, the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is also configured as a normally closed type on-off valve. Then, the refrigerant circuit switching means of the present embodiment includes an electric three-way valve 13, a low pressure solenoid valve 17, a high pressure solenoid valve 20, and a heat exchange that are in a predetermined valve open state or a valve closed state when power supply is stopped. It comprises a plurality (five) of electromagnetic valves 21 and dehumidifying solenoid valves 24.
- One refrigerant inflow / outlet of the fourth three-way joint 25 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24.
- the basic configuration of the fourth three-way joint 25 is the same as that of the first three-way joint 15. Further, another refrigerant inlet / outlet of the fourth three-way joint 25 is connected to the throttle mechanism outlet side of the temperature type expansion valve 27, and further, the refrigerant inlet side of the indoor evaporator 26 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet. Yes.
- the indoor evaporator 26 is disposed in the casing 31 of the indoor air-conditioning unit 30 on the upstream side of the blower air flow of the indoor condenser 12, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the blown air so that the blown air is exchanged.
- a cooling heat exchanger for cooling is disposed in the casing 31 of the indoor air-conditioning unit 30 on the upstream side of the blower air flow of the indoor condenser 12, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the blown air so that the blown air is exchanged.
- the temperature sensor inlet side of the temperature type expansion valve 27 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor evaporator 26.
- the temperature type expansion valve 27 is a decompression means for cooling that decompresses and expands the refrigerant that has flowed in from the inlet of the throttle mechanism part and flows out from the outlet of the throttle mechanism part to the outside.
- a temperature sensing unit 27a that detects the degree of superheat of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the indoor evaporator 26 based on the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the indoor evaporator 26;
- a variable throttle mechanism 27b that adjusts the throttle passage area (refrigerant flow rate) so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant on the outlet side of the indoor evaporator 26 falls within a predetermined range according to the displacement of the temperature sensing unit 27a.
- An internal pressure equalizing expansion valve housed inside is adopted.
- One refrigerant inlet / outlet of the fifth three-way joint 28 is connected to the temperature sensing part outlet side of the temperature type expansion valve 27.
- the basic configuration of the fifth three-way joint 28 is the same as that of the first three-way joint 15. Further, as described above, the refrigerant outlet side of the first check valve 18 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet of the fifth three-way joint 28, and the refrigerant inlet side of the accumulator 29 is connected to another refrigerant inlet / outlet. ing.
- the accumulator 29 is a low-pressure side gas-liquid separator that separates the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing into the fifth three-way joint 28 and stores excess refrigerant. Further, the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 11 is connected to the gas-phase refrigerant outlet of the accumulator 29.
- the indoor air conditioning unit 30 is disposed inside the instrument panel (instrument panel) at the foremost part of the vehicle interior, and has a blower 32, the above-described indoor evaporator 26, the indoor condenser 12, The heater core 36, the PTC heater 37, etc. are accommodated.
- the casing 31 forms an air passage for the blown air that is blown into the vehicle interior, and is formed of a resin (for example, polypropylene) having a certain degree of elasticity and excellent strength.
- a resin for example, polypropylene
- an inside / outside air switching box (not shown) for switching between the inside air (vehicle compartment air) and the outside air (vehicle compartment outside air) is arranged.
- the inside / outside air switching box is formed with an inside air introduction port for introducing inside air into the casing 31 and an outside air introduction port for introducing outside air. Furthermore, an inside / outside air switching door is provided inside the inside / outside air switching box to continuously adjust the opening area of the inside air inlet and the outside air inlet to change the air volume ratio between the inside air volume and the outside air volume. ing.
- the inside / outside air switching door constitutes an air volume ratio changing means for switching the suction port mode for changing the air volume ratio between the air volume of the inside air introduced into the casing 31 and the air volume of the outside air. More specifically, the inside / outside air switching door is driven by an electric actuator 62 for the inside / outside air switching door, and the operation of the electric actuator 62 is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 50.
- the suction port mode the inside air mode in which the inside air introduction port is fully opened and the outside air introduction port is fully closed and the inside air is introduced into the casing 31, and the inside air introduction port is fully closed and the outside air introduction port is fully opened.
- the outside air mode for introducing outside air into the inside 31. Further, by continuously adjusting the opening area of the inside air introduction port and the outside air introduction port between the inside air mode and the outside air mode, the introduction ratio of the inside air and the outside air is continuously adjusted. There is an inside / outside air mixing mode to change to.
- a blower 32 that blows air sucked through the inside / outside air switching box toward the vehicle interior is arranged on the downstream side of the air flow of the inside / outside air switching box.
- the blower 32 is an electric blower that drives a centrifugal multiblade fan (sirocco fan) with an electric motor, and the rotation speed (operation rate) is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- the air-conditioning control apparatus 50 comprises the air blower control means.
- the indoor evaporator 26 described above is disposed on the downstream side of the air flow of the blower 32. Further, on the downstream side of the air flow of the indoor evaporator 26, an air passage such as a cooling cold air passage 33 and a cold air bypass passage 34 for flowing air after passing through the indoor evaporator 26, and a heating cold air passage 33 and a cold air bypass passage 34. A mixing space 35 is formed for mixing the air that has flowed out of the air.
- a heater core 36, an indoor condenser 12, and a PTC heater 37 as heating means for heating the air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 26 are arranged in this order in the air flow direction.
- the heater core 36 is connected to a cooling water pipe constituting the cooling water circuit 40, and exchanges heat between the cooling water (heat medium) of the engine EG and the air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 26, and passes through the indoor evaporator 26. It is a heat exchanger for heating which heats subsequent air.
- the coolant circuit 40 is a circuit that circulates coolant for cooling the engine EG. Further, an electric cooling water pump 40 a that pumps the cooling water is disposed in the cooling water piping of the cooling water circuit 40.
- the cooling water pump 40 a has its rotation speed (water pressure feeding capability) controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- the air conditioning controller 50 operates the cooling water pump 40a, so that the cooling water heated by the waste heat of the engine EG is cooled by flowing into the radiator or heater core 36, and is cooled by the radiator or heater core 36.
- the cooling water is returned to the engine EG again.
- the cooling water is a heat source medium that heats the blown air blown into the passenger compartment by the heater core 36.
- the circuit that circulates the cooling water in the order of EG ⁇ cooling water pump 40a constitutes a temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature of the blown air.
- the PTC heater 37 includes a PTC element (positive characteristic thermistor).
- the PTC heater 37 generates heat when electric power is supplied to the PTC element, and serves as an auxiliary heating unit that heats the air after passing through the indoor condenser 12. It is a heater.
- the PTC heater 37 of this embodiment is provided with two or more (specifically three), and the air-conditioning control apparatus 50 changes the number of the PTC heaters 37 to energize, and thereby the plurality of PTC heaters 37.
- the heating capacity (operating rate) as a whole is controlled.
- the PTC heater 37 is composed of a plurality (three in this embodiment) of PTC heaters 37a, 37b, and 37c.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an electrical connection mode of the PTC heater 37 of the present embodiment.
- the power consumption required to operate the PTC heater 37 of the present embodiment is less than the power consumption required to operate the compressor 11 of the refrigeration cycle 10.
- each PTC heater 37a, 37b, 37c is connected to the battery 81 side, and the negative side is connected to each PTC heater 37a, 37b, 37c via each switch element SW1, SW2, SW3. Connected to the ground side.
- Each switch element SW1, SW2, SW3 switches between the energized state (ON state) and the non-energized state (OFF state) of each PTC element h1, h2, h3 included in each PTC heater 37a, 37b, 37c.
- each switch element SW1, SW2, SW3 is independently controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 50. Therefore, the air-conditioning control device 50 switches the energized state and the non-energized state of each switch element SW1, SW2, and SW3 independently, and becomes an energized state among the PTC heaters 37a, 37b, and 37c, and exhibits heating capability. It is possible to change the heating capacity of the PTC heater 37 as a whole by switching the ones.
- the cold air bypass passage 34 is an air passage for guiding the air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 26 to the mixing space 35 without passing through the heater core 36, the indoor condenser 12, and the PTC heater 37. Accordingly, the temperature of the blown air mixed in the mixing space 35 varies depending on the air volume ratio of the air passing through the heating cool air passage 33 and the air passing through the cold air bypass passage 34.
- the cold air flowing into the heating cold air passage 33 and the cold air bypass passage 34 on the downstream side of the air flow of the indoor evaporator 26 and on the inlet side of the heating cold air passage 33 and the cold air bypass passage 34 is supplied.
- An air mix door 38 that continuously changes the air volume ratio is disposed.
- the air mix door 38 constitutes a temperature adjusting means for adjusting the air temperature in the mixing space 35 (the temperature of the blown air blown into the passenger compartment). More specifically, the air mix door 38 is driven by an electric actuator 63 for the air mix door, and the operation of the electric actuator 63 is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 50.
- a blower outlet 39 for blowing out the blown air whose temperature is adjusted from the mixing space 35 to the vehicle interior that is the space to be cooled is disposed at the most downstream portion of the blown air flow of the casing 31.
- a face air outlet that blows air-conditioned air toward the upper body of the passenger in the vehicle interior
- a foot air outlet that blows air-conditioned air toward the lower body (especially the feet) of the passenger
- a defroster outlet (both not shown) is provided for blowing air-conditioned air toward the inner surface of the glass.
- a face door for adjusting the opening area of the face outlet, a foot door for adjusting the opening area of the foot outlet, and the defroster outlet respectively.
- a defroster door (none of which is shown) for adjusting the opening area is arranged.
- These face doors, foot doors, and defroster doors constitute the outlet mode switching means for switching the outlet mode, and are connected to the electric actuator 64 for driving the outlet mode door via a link mechanism (not shown). Are operated in conjunction with each other.
- the operation of the electric actuator 64 is also controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 50.
- the air-conditioning control apparatus 50 comprises the blower outlet mode switching control means.
- the face air outlet is fully opened and air is blown out from the face air outlet toward the upper body of the passenger in the passenger compartment.
- Bi-level mode that blows air toward the upper body and feet
- foot mode that fully opens the foot outlet and opens the defroster outlet only by a small opening, and mainly blows air from the foot outlet
- the foot outlet and defroster There is a foot defroster mode in which the air outlet is opened to the same extent and air is blown out from both the foot air outlet and the defroster air outlet.
- the bi-level mode is a blow-out mode that blows out the blown air from both the face blow-out port and the foot blow-out port, and the face mode has an air volume ratio blown from the face blow-out port as compared to the bi-level mode. It is a blower outlet mode that is large and has a small air volume ratio blown from the foot blower outlet.
- the defroster mode in which the occupant manually operates a switch on the operation panel 60 to be described later to fully open the defroster outlet and blow out air from the defroster outlet to the inner surface of the vehicle front window glass can be set.
- the hybrid vehicle to which the vehicle air conditioner 1 of this embodiment is applied includes an electric heat defogger (not shown) separately from the vehicle air conditioner.
- the electric heat defogger is a heating wire disposed inside or on the surface of the vehicle interior window glass, and prevents fogging or window fogging by heating the window glass.
- the operation of the electric heat defogger can be controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 50.
- the air conditioning control device 50 is composed of a well-known microcomputer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, and its peripheral circuits, and performs various calculations and processing based on an air conditioning control program stored in the ROM, and is connected to the output side.
- the air-conditioning control device 50 is configured integrally with the above-described control means for controlling various devices.
- the operation of the electric motor 11b which is the discharge capacity changing means of the compressor 11, is activated.
- the configuration (hardware and software) for controlling (refrigerant discharge capacity) is referred to as discharge capacity control means 50a.
- the discharge capacity control means 50a may be configured separately from the air conditioning control device 50.
- an inside air sensor 51 that detects the vehicle interior temperature Tr
- an outside air sensor 52 outside air temperature detection means
- a solar radiation sensor that detects the amount of solar radiation Ts in the vehicle interior.
- a discharge temperature sensor 54 discharge temperature detection means for detecting the discharge refrigerant temperature Td of the compressor 11
- a discharge pressure sensor 55 discharge pressure detection for detecting the discharge side refrigerant pressure (high pressure side refrigerant pressure) Pd of the compressor 11.
- an evaporator temperature sensor 56 (evaporator temperature detecting means) for detecting the temperature of the blown air (evaporator temperature) Te from the indoor evaporator 26, and the first three-way joint 15 and the low pressure solenoid valve 17 are circulated.
- a suction temperature sensor 57 that detects the temperature Tsi of the refrigerant, a cooling water temperature sensor that detects the engine cooling water temperature Tw, a humidity sensor that detects the relative humidity of the air in the passenger compartment near the window glass in the passenger compartment, Interior window glass near a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the air of the glass near, and the detection signal of the sensor group, such as a window glass surface temperature sensor for detecting the window glass surface temperature is input.
- the discharge-side refrigerant pressure (high-pressure side refrigerant pressure) Pd of the compressor 11 of the present embodiment is from the refrigerant discharge port side of the compressor 11 to the variable throttle mechanism portion 27b inlet side of the temperature expansion valve 27 in the cooling mode.
- This is the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the cycle to reach, and in the other operation modes, the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the cycle from the refrigerant discharge port side of the compressor 11 to the fixed throttle 14 inlet side.
- the discharge pressure sensor 55 is provided to monitor an abnormal increase in the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure even in a general refrigeration cycle.
- the evaporator temperature sensor 56 specifically detects the heat exchange fin temperature of the indoor evaporator 26.
- temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of other parts of the indoor evaporator 26 may be employed, or temperature detection for directly detecting the temperature of the refrigerant itself flowing through the indoor evaporator 26. Means may be employed.
- the detected value of a humidity sensor, a window glass vicinity temperature sensor, and a window glass surface temperature sensor is used in order to calculate the relative humidity RHW of the window glass surface.
- various air conditioning operation switches provided on the operation panel 60 include an operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1, an auto switch, an operation mode changeover switch, an outlet mode changeover switch, an air volume setting switch of the blower 32, Car interior temperature setting switch, economy switch, etc. are provided.
- the auto switch is a switch for setting or canceling the automatic control of the vehicle air conditioner 1.
- the vehicle interior temperature setting switch is target temperature setting means for setting the vehicle interior target temperature Tset by the operation of the passenger.
- the economy switch is a power saving request means for outputting a power saving request signal for requesting the power saving of the power required for air conditioning in the passenger compartment by the occupant's input operation.
- a signal for lowering the operating frequency of the engine EG that is operated to assist the electric motor for traveling is output to the engine control device in the EV operation mode.
- the engine control device (not shown) is composed of a well-known microcomputer and its peripheral circuits, similar to the air conditioning control device 50, and performs various calculations and processes based on the engine control program stored in the ROM. Controls the operation of various engine control devices connected to the output side.
- the engine control device is connected to various engine components that make up the engine EG. Specifically, a starter for starting the engine EG, a fuel injection valve (injector) drive circuit (not shown) for supplying fuel to the engine EG, and the like are connected.
- a voltmeter that detects the voltage VB between the terminals of the battery 81
- an accelerator opening sensor that detects the accelerator opening Acc
- an engine speed sensor that detects the engine speed Ne
- the air conditioning control device 50 and the engine control device are configured to be electrically connected and electrically communicable. Thereby, based on the detection signal or operation signal input into one control apparatus, the other control apparatus can also control the operation
- the engine EG can be operated by the air conditioning control device 50 outputting an operation request command for the engine EG to the engine control device.
- the air-conditioning control device 50 and the engine control device are configured such that control means for controlling various devices to be controlled connected to the output side is integrally configured, but the configuration for controlling the operation of each device to be controlled. (Hardware and software) constitutes a control means for controlling the operation of each control target device.
- the configuration in which the refrigerant discharge capacity of the compressor 11 is controlled by controlling the frequency of the AC voltage output from the inverter 61 connected to the electric motor 11 b of the compressor 11 is compressor control.
- operation of the air blower 32 which is an air blow means, and controls the air blowing capability of the air blower 32 comprises the air blower control means.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control process of the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment. This control process is executed if electric power is supplied from the battery to the air conditioning control device 50 even when the vehicle system is stopped.
- step S1 it is determined whether the operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is turned on (ON) and whether the pre-air conditioning start switch is turned on. If it is determined that the operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1 or the pre-air conditioning start switch is turned on, the process proceeds to step S2.
- the pre-air conditioning start switch is provided in a wireless terminal (remote control) or mobile communication means (specifically, a mobile phone) carried by the passenger. Therefore, the occupant can start the vehicle air conditioner 1 from a location away from the vehicle.
- the vehicle side directly receives the pre-air conditioning start signal transmitted from the wireless terminal, and the pre-air conditioning start switch of the mobile communication means is When turned on, it is determined that the pre-air conditioning start switch has been turned on by directly receiving the pre-air conditioning start signal transmitted from the vehicle side via the mobile phone base station or the like.
- the pre-air conditioning is requested by the user to stop the pre-air conditioning when power is supplied to the vehicle from an external power source.
- the operation is performed until the remaining amount of power stored in the battery 81 becomes a predetermined amount or less.
- step S2 initialization of flags, timers, etc., and initial positioning of the stepping motor constituting the electric actuator described above are performed. Note that the initialization of the flag includes maintaining the current flag state.
- step S3 the operation signal of the operation panel 60 is read and the process proceeds to step S4.
- Specific operation signals include a vehicle interior set temperature Tset set by a vehicle interior temperature setting switch, an air outlet mode selection signal, a suction port mode selection signal, an air volume setting signal of the blower 32, and the like.
- step S4 a vehicle environmental condition signal used for air conditioning control, that is, the detection signals of the sensor groups 51 to 57 described above is read, and the process proceeds to step S5.
- step S5 a target blowing temperature TAO of the vehicle cabin blowing air is calculated. Further, in the heating mode, the heating heat exchanger target temperature is calculated.
- the target blowing temperature TAO is calculated by the following formula F1.
- TAO Kset ⁇ Tset ⁇ Kr ⁇ Tr ⁇ Kam ⁇ Tam ⁇ Ks ⁇ Ts + C (F1)
- Tset Kset ⁇ Tset ⁇ Kr ⁇ Tr ⁇ Kam ⁇ Tam ⁇ Ks ⁇ Ts + C (F1)
- Tset is the vehicle interior set temperature set by the vehicle interior temperature setting switch
- Tr is the internal air temperature detected by the internal air sensor 51
- Tam the external air temperature detected by the external air sensor 52
- Ts is detected by the solar radiation sensor 53. Is the amount of solar radiation.
- Kset, Kr, Kam, Ks are control gains
- C is
- the heat exchanger target temperature for heating is basically a value calculated by the above-described formula F1
- correction for calculating a value lower than TAO calculated by the formula F1 to suppress power consumption is performed. Sometimes it is done.
- control states of various devices connected to the air conditioning control device 50 are determined.
- a cooling mode, a heating mode, a first dehumidifying mode, and a second dehumidifying mode are selected according to the air conditioning environment state.
- the cooling mode is selected when the outlet mode is the face mode
- the heating mode, the first dehumidifying mode, and the second dehumidifying mode are selected when the inlet mode is the inside air mode.
- the heating mode, the first dehumidifying mode, and the second dehumidifying mode may be switched according to the temperature of the air blown from the indoor evaporator 26 (evaporator temperature) Te detected by the evaporator temperature sensor 56.
- the heating mode is selected assuming that there is no need for dehumidification, and Te is the first reference blown air temperature.
- the first dehumidification mode is selected as the need for dehumidification, and Te is the second reference blown air temperature.
- the second dehumidification mode that prioritizes dehumidification over heating may be selected.
- step S7 the target air volume of the air blown by the blower 32 is determined. Specifically, the blower motor voltage to be applied to the electric motor of the blower 32 is determined. More detailed control contents of step 7 will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step S701, it is determined whether or not the auto switch of the operation panel 60 is turned on.
- step S701 If it is determined in step S701 that the auto switch has not been turned on, the process proceeds to step S702, where the blower motor voltage that is the passenger's desired air volume set by the air volume setting switch of the operation panel 60 is determined, and step S8 is performed.
- the air volume setting switch of the present embodiment can set five levels of air volume of Lo ⁇ M1 ⁇ M2 ⁇ M3 ⁇ Hi, and the blower motor voltage is set in the order of 4V ⁇ 6V ⁇ 8V ⁇ 10V ⁇ 12V. Determined to be higher.
- step S701 determines whether the auto switch is turned on. If it is determined in step S701 that the auto switch is turned on, the process proceeds to step S703, and the target air temperature determined in step S4 is referred to with reference to the control map stored in the air conditioning control device 50 in advance.
- a first temporary blower level f is determined based on TAO. In other words, the operating rate of the blower 32 is determined based on the air conditioning load.
- the first temporary blower level f (TAO) is maximized in the extremely low temperature range (maximum cooling range) and the extremely high temperature range (maximum heating range) of the TAO, and the air volume of the blower 32 is adjusted. Control near the maximum air volume. Further, when TAO rises from the extremely low temperature range toward the intermediate temperature range, the first temporary blower level f (TAO) is lowered according to the rise in TAO, and the air volume of the blower 32 is reduced.
- the first temporary blower level f (TAO) is decreased according to the decrease in TAO, and the air volume of the blower 32 is decreased.
- TAO enters a predetermined intermediate temperature range
- the first temporary blower level f (TAO) is set to the minimum value
- the air volume of the blower 32 is set to the minimum value.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d for adjusting the blower level according to the engine coolant temperature Tw and the number of operating PTC heaters 37 in the heating mode is determined.
- the upper limit value of the operating rate of the blower 32 is determined based on the engine coolant temperature Tw.
- the engine coolant temperature Tw is lower than the predetermined first reference temperature T1, as shown in the relationship diagram between the engine coolant temperature Tw and the second temporary blower level f (TW) d described in step S704.
- the blower level is 0, that is, when the blower 32 is stopped and the engine coolant temperature Tw becomes equal to or higher than the first reference temperature T1
- the blower level rises as the engine coolant temperature Tw increases.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is determined.
- the second temporary blower level f (() is set such that the lower the engine coolant temperature Tw, the more limited the operating rate of the blower 32. TW) d is determined.
- the operation of the blower 32 can be stopped when the temperature of the cooling water flowing through the heater core 36 is lower than the first reference temperature T1 and the blower air cannot be heated by the heater core 36, the heating is sufficiently performed. It can suppress that the ventilation air which has not been blown off by the passenger
- step S704 the first reference temperature T1 is lowered as the number of operating PTC heaters 37 determined in step S12 described later increases.
- the operating rate of the blower 32 is increased as the operating rate of the PTC heater 37 increases.
- the operation of the blower 32 is started at a lower engine coolant temperature Tw as the number of the PTC heaters 37 is increased.
- the degree of increase in the blower level accompanying the increase in the engine coolant temperature Tw is constant regardless of whether the PTC heater 37 is activated. Yes. In other words, when the engine coolant temperature Tw becomes equal to or higher than the first reference temperature T1, the degree of increase in the operating rate of the blower 32 is reduced as the operating rate of the PTC heater 37 increases.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is set to 0 level when the engine coolant temperature Tw is lower than the first reference temperature T1. It sets and the operation
- the first reference temperature T1 decreases in the order of 40 ° C. ⁇ 37 ° C. ⁇ 34 ° C. ⁇ 30 ° C. as the number of operating PTC heaters 37 increases from 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3. Is set as follows.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is gradually increased as the engine coolant temperature Tw increases regardless of the number of PTC heaters 37 operated.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is set to the maximum value (for example, 30 level).
- the second temporary temperature is gradually increased as the engine coolant temperature Tw decreases.
- the blower level f (TW) d is set to a minimum value (for example, one level).
- the fourth reference temperature T4 decreases in order of 36 ° C. ⁇ 33 ° C. ⁇ 30 ° C. ⁇ 26 ° C., respectively, as the number of operating PTC heaters 37 increases from 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3.
- the fifth reference temperature T5 decreases in the order of 29 ° C. ⁇ 26 ° C. ⁇ 23 ° C. ⁇ 19 ° C. as the number of PTC heaters 37 increases from 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3.
- the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is set to 0 level, and the operation of the blower 32 is stopped.
- Each reference temperature has a relationship of T2> T3> T1> T4> T5. Further, the temperature difference between the reference temperatures is set as a hysteresis width for preventing control hunting.
- step S705 it is determined whether or not the outlet mode determined in step S9 described later is any one of the foot mode, the bi-level mode, and the foot differential mode. If it is determined in step S705 that the outlet mode is any one of the foot mode, the bi-level mode, and the foot differential mode, the process proceeds to step S706.
- step S706 the third temporary blower level f is referred to by referring to a control map stored in advance in the air conditioning controller 50 based on the outlet mode and the second temporary blower level f (TW) d determined in step S704. (TW) is determined.
- step S706 if the outlet mode is other than the bi-level mode, the third temporary blower level f (TW) is set to the same value as the second temporary blower level f (TW) d, and the outlet When the mode is the bi-level mode and the second temporary blower level f (TW) d is the minimum value (0 level in this example), the third temporary blower level f (TW) is the minimum value (0 level in this example). To.
- the third temporary blower level f (TW) is set to the maximum value ( In this example, it is 30 levels).
- the upper limit value of the operating rate of the blower 32 is determined to be a value equal to or higher than the operating rate of the blower 32 determined based on the air conditioning load.
- the outlet mode is the bi-level mode
- the operating rate of the blower 32 is limited by the second temporary blower level f (TW) d in step S704.
- TW second temporary blower level f
- the blowout mode is the bi-level mode. Even if it exists, since the operation rate of the blower 32 is limited by the second temporary blower level f (TW) d in step S704, unheated blown air is blown from the foot outlet to the occupant's feet. It can suppress that a ring deteriorates.
- TW temporary blower level f
- the first reference temperature T1 and the fifth reference temperature T5 are decreased as the number of operating PTC heaters 37 increases. Accordingly, as the number of operating PTC heaters 37 increases, the operation rate of the blower 32 is not limited by the second temporary blower level f (TW) d in step S704 at a lower engine coolant temperature Tw. Improves passenger comfort when solar radiation is strong.
- step S707 the first temporary blower level f (TAO) determined in step S703 is compared with the third temporary blower level f (TW) determined in step S706, and the smaller value is calculated this time. And the process proceeds to step S708.
- step S708 based on the current blower level determined in step S707, the blower motor voltage is determined with reference to the control map stored in the air conditioning controller 50 in advance, and the process proceeds to step S8.
- step S708 if the blower level is lower than 1, the blower motor voltage is set to 0V. On the other hand, when the blower level is 1 level or higher, the blower voltage is increased as the blower level is increased. When the blower level becomes higher than 30 level, the blower voltage is set to the maximum voltage (12V).
- step S705 if it is determined in step S705 that the outlet mode is not any of the foot mode, the bi-level mode, and the foot differential mode, the process proceeds to step S709.
- step S709 the first temporary blower level f (TAO) determined in step S703 is determined as the current blower level, and the process proceeds to step S710. That is, when the air outlet mode is not any of the foot mode, the bi-level mode, and the foot differential mode, that is, when the heating mode is not selected, the second temporary blower level f (for adjusting the blower level in the heating mode) Regardless of (TW) d, the first temporary blower level f (TAO) is determined as the current blower level.
- step S710 similarly to step S708, based on the current blower level determined in step S709, the blower motor voltage is determined with reference to the control map stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 50, and the process proceeds to step S8. move on.
- the control map used in step S710 is the same as the control map used in step S708 described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- step S8 the inlet mode, that is, the switching state of the inside / outside air switching box is determined.
- This inlet mode is also determined based on TAO with reference to a control map stored in advance in the air conditioning controller 50.
- priority is given mainly to the outside air mode for introducing outside air.
- the inside air mode for introducing inside air is selected when TAO is in a very low temperature range and high cooling performance is desired.
- an exhaust gas concentration detecting means for detecting the exhaust gas concentration of the outside air may be provided, and the inside air mode may be selected when the exhaust gas concentration becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined reference concentration.
- step S9 the outlet mode is determined. Details of the control in step S9 will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step S91, based on the amount of solar radiation, a correction value ⁇ used in step S92 described later is determined with reference to a control map stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 50.
- the correction value ⁇ is determined to the minimum level (0 in this example), and the solar radiation amount is In a high solar radiation amount region higher than a predetermined second reference value (700 W / m 2 in this example), the correction value ⁇ is determined to be the maximum level (10 in this example), and the solar radiation amount is equal to or higher than the first reference value and second.
- the correction value ⁇ is determined so that the correction value ⁇ increases as the amount of solar radiation increases.
- step S92 based on the TAO and the correction value ⁇ , the current air outlet mode f1 (TAO) is determined with reference to the control map stored in the air conditioning control device 50 in advance, and the process proceeds to step S10.
- TAO current air outlet mode f1
- TAO when TAO is in the rising process, if TAO ⁇ first predetermined temperature T′1 + correction value ⁇ (for example, 30 + ⁇ ° C.), the face mode is determined, and first predetermined temperature T′1 + correction value ⁇ . If ⁇ TAO ⁇ second predetermined temperature T′2 (for example, 40 ° C.), the bi-level mode is determined. If the second predetermined temperature T′2 ⁇ TAO, the foot mode is determined.
- first predetermined temperature T′1 + correction value ⁇ for example, 30 + ⁇ ° C.
- the TAO when the TAO is in the descending process, if the third predetermined temperature T′3 (for example, 38 ° C.) ⁇ TAO, the foot mode is determined, and the fourth predetermined temperature T′4 + correction value ⁇ (for example, 27 + ⁇ ° C.) ⁇ If TAO ⁇ third predetermined temperature T′3, the bi-level mode is determined. If TAO ⁇ fourth predetermined temperature T′4 + correction value ⁇ , the face mode is determined.
- Each predetermined temperature has a relationship of T′4 ⁇ T′1 ⁇ T′3 ⁇ T′2. Moreover, the temperature difference of each predetermined temperature is set as a hysteresis width for preventing control hunting.
- the air conditioning load region in which the air outlet mode is determined to be the bi-level mode is narrowed, and the air conditioning load region in which the air outlet mode is set to the face mode is widened, so the amount of solar radiation is large.
- the air outlet mode is less likely to be determined as the bi-level mode, and more easily determined as the face mode. For this reason, when the solar radiation is strong, the amount of air blown from the face air outlet can be increased to improve the comfort of the passenger.
- the air volume ratio blown out from the foot outlet is smaller than in the bi-level mode. Therefore, if the face mode is easily determined, the cool air feeling at the passenger's feet can be reduced.
- step S10 the target opening degree SW of the air mix door 38 is calculated based on the TAO, the air temperature Te blown from the indoor evaporator 26 detected by the evaporator temperature sensor 56, and the heater temperature.
- the heater temperature is a value determined according to the heating capability of the heating means (the heater core 36, the indoor condenser 12, and the PTC heater 37) disposed in the cold air passage 33 for heating, and is generally
- the engine coolant temperature Tw can be used for the. Therefore, the target opening degree SW can be calculated by the following formula F2.
- SW [(TAO ⁇ Te) / (Tw ⁇ Te)] ⁇ 100 (%) (F2)
- step S11 the refrigerant discharge capacity of the compressor 11 (specifically, the rotational speed of the compressor 11) is determined.
- the target blowing temperature TEO of the blowing air temperature Te from the indoor evaporator 26 is determined by referring to the control map stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 50 based on the TAO determined in step S4. decide.
- a deviation En (TEO ⁇ Te) between the target blowing temperature TEO and the blowing air temperature Te is calculated, and a deviation change rate Edot (En ⁇ (En ⁇ ()) obtained by subtracting the previously calculated deviation En ⁇ 1 from the currently calculated deviation En. En-1)), and based on the fuzzy inference based on the membership function and rules stored in advance in the air conditioning controller 50, the rotational speed change amount ⁇ f_C with respect to the previous compressor rotational speed fCn-1 is Ask.
- a target high pressure PDO of the discharge side refrigerant pressure (high pressure side refrigerant pressure) Pd is determined.
- a deviation Pn (PDO ⁇ Pd) between the target high pressure PDO and the discharge side refrigerant pressure Pd is calculated, and a deviation change rate Pdot (Pn ⁇ (Pn ⁇ ( Pn-1)) is used to calculate the rotational speed change amount ⁇ f_H with respect to the previous compressor rotational speed fHn-1 based on the fuzzy inference based on the membership function and rules stored in the air conditioning controller 50 in advance.
- step S111 a rotational speed change amount ⁇ f_C in the cooling mode (COOL cycle) is obtained.
- Step S111 in FIG. 10 describes a fuzzy rule table used as a rule.
- ⁇ f_C is determined based on the above-described deviation En and deviation change rate Edot so that frosting of the indoor evaporator 26 is prevented.
- step S112 the rotational speed change amount ⁇ f_H in the heating mode (HOT cycle), the first dehumidifying mode (DRY_EVA cycle), and the second dehumidifying mode (DRY_ALL cycle) is obtained.
- Step S112 in FIG. 10 describes a fuzzy rule table used as a rule.
- ⁇ f_H is determined so as to prevent an abnormal increase in the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure Pd based on the above-described deviation Pn and deviation change rate Pdot.
- step S113 it is determined whether or not the operation mode determined in step S6 is the cooling mode. If it is determined in step S113 that the operation mode determined in step S6 is the cooling mode, the process proceeds to step S114, the rotation speed change amount ⁇ f of the compressor 11 is determined to be ⁇ f_C, and the process proceeds to step S116. .
- step S113 determines whether the operation mode determined in step S6 is not the cooling mode. If it is determined in step S113 that the operation mode determined in step S6 is not the cooling mode, the process proceeds to step S115, the rotation speed change amount ⁇ f of the compressor 11 is determined to be ⁇ f_H, and the process proceeds to step S116.
- step S116 the value obtained by adding the rotational speed change amount ⁇ f to the previous compressor rotational speed fn ⁇ 1 is determined as the current compressor rotational speed fn, and the process proceeds to step S12. Note that the determination of the temporary compressor rotation speed in step S119 is not performed every control cycle ⁇ but every predetermined control interval (1 second in the present embodiment).
- step S12 the number of operating PTC heaters 37 and the operating state of the electric heat defogger are determined. For example, when the PTC heater 37 is operated in step S6 and the PTC heater 37 needs to be energized, the target opening degree SW of the air mix door 38 is 100% in the heating mode. What is necessary is just to determine according to the difference of internal temperature Tr and the heat exchanger target temperature for heating, when the heat exchanger target temperature for heating cannot be obtained.
- the electric heat defogger is activated if there is a high possibility of fogging on the window glass due to humidity and temperature in the passenger compartment, or if the window glass is fogged.
- step S13 the operating states of the solenoid valves 13 to 24, which are refrigerant circuit switching means, are determined in accordance with the operation mode determined in step S6.
- the operation mode when the operation mode is determined to be the cooling mode, all the solenoid valves are deenergized.
- the heating mode is determined, the electric three-way valve 13, the high pressure solenoid valve 20, and the low pressure solenoid valve 17 are turned on, and the remaining solenoid valves 21 and 24 are turned off.
- the electric three-way valve 13, the low pressure solenoid valve 17, the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24, and the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 are energized, and the high pressure solenoid valve 20 is not energized.
- the electric three-way valve 13, the low pressure solenoid valve 17, and the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24 are energized, and the remaining solenoid valves 20 and 21 are de-energized.
- the power supply to at least one of the electromagnetic valves 13 to 24 is stopped even when the refrigerant circuit is switched to any operation mode. . Thereby, the total power consumption of the electromagnetic valves 13 to 24 of the present embodiment can be reduced.
- step S14 various devices 61, 13, 17, 20, 21, 24, 16a, 32, 62, 63, 64 are provided from the air conditioning control device 50 so that the control state determined in steps S6 to S13 described above is obtained.
- Control signal and control voltage are output.
- a control signal is output to the inverter 61 for the electric motor 11b of the compressor 11 so that the rotational speed of the compressor 11 becomes the rotational speed determined in step S11.
- step S15 the process waits for the control period ⁇ and proceeds to step S16 when it is determined that the control period ⁇ has elapsed.
- the control cycle ⁇ is 250 ms. This is because the air conditioning control in the passenger compartment does not adversely affect the controllability even if the control period is slower than the engine control or the like. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress a communication amount for air conditioning control in the vehicle and to sufficiently secure a communication amount of a control system that needs to perform high-speed control such as engine control.
- the engine control device controls the amount of power supplied from the external power source based on a detection signal of a power meter that detects the amount of power supplied from the external power source, in other words, the amount of required power required for the external power source. is doing.
- the air conditioning control device 50 of the present embodiment when the vehicle air conditioning device 1 is operated in a state where power is supplied from an external power source in step S16, the required power is changed by the engine control device. A signal is being output.
- vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment Since the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment is controlled as described above, it operates as follows according to the operation mode selected in the control step S6.
- Cooling mode (COOL cycle: see FIG. 1)
- the air-conditioning control device 50 puts all the solenoid valves in a non-energized state, so the electric three-way valve 13 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and 1 Connecting to one refrigerant inlet / outlet of the three-way joint 15, the low pressure solenoid valve 17 is closed, the high pressure solenoid valve 20 is opened, the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 is opened, and the dehumidification solenoid valve 24 closes.
- the compressor 11 the indoor condenser 12 ⁇ the electric three-way valve 13 ⁇ the first three-way joint 15 ⁇ the outdoor heat exchanger 16 ⁇ the second three-way joint 19 ⁇ the high-pressure solenoid valve 20 ⁇ Second check valve 22 ⁇ Variable throttle mechanism 27b of temperature type expansion valve 27 ⁇ Fourth three-way joint 25 ⁇ Indoor evaporator 26 ⁇ Temperature sensitive part 27a of temperature type expansion valve 27 ⁇ Fifth three way joint 28 ⁇ Accumulator 29 ⁇ A vapor compression refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor 11 is configured.
- the refrigerant flowing into the first three-way joint 15 from the electric three-way valve 13 does not flow out to the low-pressure solenoid valve 17 side because the low-pressure solenoid valve 17 is closed. Further, the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor heat exchanger 16 into the second three-way joint 19 does not flow out to the heat exchanger shut-off electromagnetic valve 21 side because the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is closed. Further, the refrigerant flowing out from the variable throttle mechanism 27b of the temperature type expansion valve 27 does not flow out to the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 side because the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is closed. Further, the refrigerant that has flowed into the fifth three-way joint 28 from the temperature sensing portion 27 a of the temperature type expansion valve 27 does not flow out to the second check valve 22 side due to the action of the second check valve 22.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is cooled by exchanging heat with the blown air (cold air) that has passed through the indoor evaporator 26 by the indoor condenser 12 and further cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger 16. It is cooled by exchanging heat and expanded under reduced pressure by the temperature type expansion valve 27.
- the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the temperature type expansion valve 27 flows into the indoor evaporator 26 and absorbs heat from the blown air blown from the blower 32 to evaporate. Thereby, the blown air passing through the indoor evaporator 26 is cooled.
- the temperature of the blown air mixed in the mixing space 35 and blown into the vehicle interior is adjusted to a desired temperature, and the vehicle interior can be cooled.
- the cooling mode although the dehumidifying ability of the blown air is high, the heating ability is hardly exhibited.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor evaporator 26 flows into the accumulator 29 through the temperature sensing part 27a of the temperature type expansion valve 27.
- the gas-phase refrigerant that has been gas-liquid separated by the accumulator 29 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
- (B) Heating mode (HOT cycle: see FIG. 2)
- the air conditioning controller 50 energizes the electric three-way valve 13, the high pressure solenoid valve 20, and the low pressure solenoid valve 17, and the remaining solenoid valves 21, 24 are turned on. Since the non-energized state is established, the electric three-way valve 13 connects between the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet side of the fixed throttle 14, the low pressure solenoid valve 17 is opened, and the high pressure solenoid valve 20 is The heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 is opened, and the dehumidification solenoid valve 24 is closed.
- the compressor 11 ⁇ the indoor condenser 12 ⁇ the electric three-way valve 13 ⁇ the fixed throttle 14 ⁇ the third three-way joint 23 ⁇ the heat exchanger cutoff electromagnetic valve 21 ⁇ the second three-way joint 19.
- Vapor compression refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates in the order of outdoor heat exchanger 16 ⁇ first three-way joint 15 ⁇ low pressure solenoid valve 17 ⁇ first check valve 18 ⁇ fifth three-way joint 28 ⁇ accumulator 29 ⁇ compressor 11 Is done.
- the refrigerant flowing into the third three-way joint 23 from the fixed throttle 14 does not flow out to the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 side because the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is closed.
- the refrigerant flowing into the second three-way joint 19 from the heat exchanger cutoff electromagnetic valve 21 does not flow out to the high pressure solenoid valve 20 side because the high pressure solenoid valve 20 is closed.
- the refrigerant flowing into the first three-way joint 15 from the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet side of the fixed throttle 14 by the electric three-way valve 13. It does not flow out to the electric three-way valve 13 side.
- the refrigerant flowing from the first check valve 18 into the fifth three-way joint 28 does not flow out to the temperature type expansion valve 27 side because the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 is closed.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is cooled by exchanging heat with the blown air blown from the blower 32 by the indoor condenser 12.
- the blown air passing through the indoor condenser 12 is heated.
- the opening degree of the air mix door 38 is adjusted, similarly to the cooling mode, the temperature of the blown air mixed in the mixing space 35 and blown into the vehicle interior is adjusted to a desired temperature, Heating can be performed. In the heating mode, the dehumidifying ability of the blown air is not exhibited.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed by the fixed throttle 14 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 absorbs heat from the vehicle exterior air blown from the blower fan 16a and evaporates.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the accumulator 29 through the low-pressure solenoid valve 17, the first check valve 18, and the like.
- the gas-phase refrigerant that has been gas-liquid separated by the accumulator 29 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
- the electric three-way valve 13 connects between the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet side of the fixed throttle 14, and the low-pressure solenoid valve 17 The valve is opened, the high-pressure solenoid valve 20 is opened, the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 is closed, and the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24 is opened.
- the compressor 11 the indoor condenser 12, the electric three-way valve 13, the fixed throttle 14, the third three-way joint 23, the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24, the fourth three-way joint 25, and the indoor evaporation.
- a vapor compression refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the vessel 26 ⁇ the temperature sensing part 27 a of the temperature type expansion valve 27 ⁇ the fifth three-way joint 28 ⁇ the accumulator 29 ⁇ the compressor 11.
- the refrigerant flowing into the third three-way joint 23 from the fixed throttle 14 flows out to the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 side because the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 is closed. There is nothing. Further, the refrigerant flowing into the fourth three-way joint 25 from the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 does not flow out toward the variable throttle mechanism 27 b side of the temperature type expansion valve 27 due to the action of the second check valve 22. Further, the refrigerant that has flowed into the fifth three-way joint 28 from the temperature sensing portion 27 a of the temperature type expansion valve 27 does not flow out to the first check valve 18 side due to the action of the first check valve 18.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is cooled by exchanging heat with the blown air (cold air) after passing through the indoor evaporator 26 by the indoor condenser 12.
- the blown air passing through the indoor condenser 12 is heated.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed by the fixed throttle 14 and flows into the indoor evaporator 26.
- the low-pressure refrigerant flowing into the indoor evaporator 26 absorbs heat from the blown air blown from the blower 32 and evaporates. Thereby, the blown air passing through the indoor evaporator 26 is cooled and dehumidified. Therefore, the blown air cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 26 is reheated when passing through the heater core 36, the indoor condenser 12, and the heater core 36, and blown out from the mixing space 35 into the vehicle interior. That is, dehumidification in the passenger compartment can be performed. In the first dehumidifying mode, the dehumidifying capacity of the blown air can be exhibited, but the heating capacity is small.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor evaporator 26 flows into the accumulator 29 through the temperature sensing part 27a of the temperature type expansion valve 27.
- the gas-phase refrigerant that has been gas-liquid separated by the accumulator 29 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
- the air-conditioning controller 50 energizes the electric three-way valve 13, the low pressure solenoid valve 17, and the dehumidification solenoid valve 24, and the remaining solenoid valves 20 and 21 are not energized, so that the electric three-way valve 13 connects the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet side of the fixed throttle 14, the low pressure solenoid valve 17 opens, and the high pressure The solenoid valve 20 is opened, the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 is opened, and the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24 is opened.
- the refrigerant circulates in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 ⁇ the first three-way joint 15 ⁇ the low pressure solenoid valve 17 ⁇ the first check valve 18 ⁇ the fifth three-way joint 28 ⁇ the accumulator 29 ⁇ the compressor 11, and the compressor 11 ⁇ Condenser 12 ⁇ Electric three-way valve 13 ⁇ Fixed throttle 14 ⁇ Third three-way joint 23 ⁇ Dehumidification solenoid valve 24 ⁇ Fourth three-way joint 25 ⁇ Indoor evaporator 26 ⁇ Temperature sensitive valve 27a of temperature type expansion valve 27 ⁇ Fifth three-way A vapor compression refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the joint 28 ⁇ accumulator 29 ⁇ compressor 11 is configured.
- the refrigerant that has flowed from the fixed throttle 14 into the third three-way joint 23 flows out to both the heat exchanger shut-off solenoid valve 21 side and the dehumidifying solenoid valve 24 side, and from the first check valve 18.
- Both the refrigerant flowing into the fifth three-way joint 28 and the refrigerant flowing into the fifth three-way joint 28 from the temperature sensing part 27a of the temperature type expansion valve 27 merge at the fifth three-way joint 28 and flow out to the accumulator 29 side.
- the refrigerant that has flowed from the outdoor heat exchanger 16 into the first three-way joint 15 is such that the electric three-way valve 13 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 and the refrigerant inlet of the fixed throttle 14. As a result, the electric three-way valve 13 does not flow out. Further, the refrigerant flowing into the fourth three-way joint 25 from the dehumidifying electromagnetic valve 24 does not flow out toward the variable throttle mechanism 27 b side of the temperature type expansion valve 27 due to the action of the second check valve 22.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is cooled by exchanging heat with the blown air (cold air) after passing through the indoor evaporator 26 by the indoor condenser 12.
- the blown air passing through the indoor condenser 12 is heated.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 12 is depressurized by the fixed throttle 14, branched by the third three-way joint 23, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the indoor evaporator 26.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 absorbs heat from the air outside the vehicle blown from the blower fan 16a and evaporates.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the fifth three-way joint 28 via the low pressure solenoid valve 17, the first check valve 18, and the like.
- the low-pressure refrigerant flowing into the indoor evaporator 26 absorbs heat from the blown air blown from the blower 32 and evaporates. Thereby, the blown air passing through the indoor evaporator 26 is cooled and dehumidified.
- the blown air cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 26 is reheated when passing through the heater core 36, the indoor condenser 12, and the heater core 36, and blown out from the mixing space 35 into the vehicle interior.
- the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 16 can be radiated by the indoor condenser 12 as compared to the first dehumidifying mode, so that the blown air is more than in the first dehumidifying mode.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor evaporator 26 flows into the fifth three-way joint 28, merges with the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16, and flows into the accumulator 29.
- the gas-phase refrigerant that has been gas-liquid separated by the accumulator 29 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
- the cooling mode refrigerant circuit, the heating mode refrigerant circuit, and the first dehumidification mode refrigerant circuit all use the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the indoor heat exchanger ( Specifically, it is a refrigerant circuit in a single heat exchanger mode that circulates to either the indoor condenser 12 or the indoor evaporator 26), and the refrigerant circuit in the second dehumidifying mode is sucked into the compressor 11. It can also be expressed as a refrigerant circuit in a combined heat exchanger mode that distributes the refrigerant to both the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the indoor heat exchanger (specifically, the indoor evaporator 26).
- step S7 the operation of the blower 32 is started at a lower engine coolant temperature Tw as the number of operation of the PTC heater 37 is larger.
- the blown air sufficiently heated by the PTC heater 37 can be blown out to the occupant, thereby reducing the frequency of engine operation for vehicle interior air conditioning (heating). This makes it possible to save fuel.
- step S7 when the engine coolant temperature Tw becomes higher than the first reference temperature T1, the operating rate of the PTC heater 37 is increased.
- the increase degree of the operating rate of the blower 32 corresponding to the increase is reduced.
- vehicle air conditioner of the present embodiment can exhibit the following excellent effects.
- the temperature of the engine cooling water is a predetermined temperature (in this example, the first reference temperature T1 or the fifth reference temperature).
- T1 the first reference temperature
- the restriction on the operating rate of the blower 32 is not relaxed. Therefore, when the temperature of the blown air becomes very low, the amount of blown air from the foot outlet is prevented from increasing, and the foot of the passenger The feeling of cold wind can be prevented.
- the predetermined temperature (in this example, the first reference temperature T1 or the fifth reference temperature T5) is lowered when the PTC heater 37 is activated as compared to when the PTC heater 37 is stopped. Therefore, when the PTC heater 37 is operated, the restriction on the operating rate of the blower 32 can be relaxed even if the temperature of the engine coolant is low. Furthermore, if the PTC heater 37 is operating, the blown air temperature can be increased even if the temperature of the engine cooling water is low. Therefore, the comfort of the passenger when the solar radiation is strong can be improved without impairing the passenger's feeling of heating.
- the larger the amount of solar radiation the more difficult it is to determine the air outlet mode to the bi-level mode and the easier to determine the face mode.
- the passenger comfort can be improved by increasing the air volume.
- the air volume ratio blown out from the foot outlet is smaller than in the bi-level mode. Therefore, if the face mode is easily determined, the cool air feeling at the passenger's feet can be reduced.
- the refrigeration cycle 10 includes a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 16, a temperature expansion valve 27, and an indoor evaporator 26 that are annularly connected in this order. It plays the function of cooling the blown air. That is, the cooling mode in each of the above-described embodiments is configured to be realizable.
- the solenoid valves 13 to 24 that are refrigerant circuit switching means are abolished. Furthermore, the accumulator 29 connected to the refrigerant suction port of the compressor 11 is abolished, and a receiver 29a is provided as a high-pressure side gas-liquid separator that separates the gas-liquid of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and stores excess refrigerant. ing. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 a face outlet 39a, a foot outlet 39b, a defroster outlet 39c, a face door 39d, a foot door 39e, and a defroster door 39f, which are not shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, are shown.
- this embodiment is basically executed based on the control flow shown in FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, the solenoid valves 13 to 24 which are refrigerant circuit switching means are abolished. Therefore, the control related to switching of the refrigerant circuit in steps S6, S13, etc. is abolished. Further, for example, the control related to the operation mode other than the cooling mode such as step S112 in FIG. 10 of the first embodiment is also abolished.
- the operation mode is the cooling mode shown in the control step S113 of FIG. 10 of the first embodiment.
- the control step S113 and the like in FIG. 10 may be abolished, or it may be determined that the cooling mode is always performed at the time of the determination in step S113.
- the refrigeration cycle 10 that heats or cools the blown air blown into the vehicle interior by switching the refrigerant circuit is employed, and in the second embodiment, the refrigeration cycle that cools the blown air.
- adopted 10 the heat pump cycle which heats ventilation air is adopted as the heat exchanger which heats the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 as an indoor heat exchanger, and the evaporator which evaporates the refrigerant as an outdoor heat exchanger May be.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 is not described in detail with respect to the driving force for driving the vehicle of the plug-in hybrid vehicle.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes the engine EG and the travel electric motor. May be applied to a so-called parallel type hybrid vehicle that can travel by directly obtaining driving force from both of them, or the engine EG is used as a driving source of the generator 80, and the generated power is stored in the battery 81.
- the present invention may be applied to a so-called serial type hybrid vehicle that travels by obtaining a driving force from a traveling electric motor that operates by being supplied with electric power stored in the battery 81.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 may be applied to an electric vehicle that obtains a driving force for vehicle traveling only from the traveling electric motor without providing the engine EG.
- Blower 36 Blower 36 Heater core (heat exchanger for heating) 50 Control means 37 PTC heater (auxiliary heating means) 39a Face air outlet 39b Foot air outlet 39d Face door (air outlet mode switching means) 39e Foot door (air outlet mode switching means)
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Abstract
Description
図1~11により、第1実施形態を説明する。図1~4は、本実施形態の車両用空調装置1の全体構成図であり、図5は、車両用空調装置1の電気制御部を示すブロック図である。本実施形態では、車両用空調装置を、内燃機関(エンジン)EGおよび走行用電動モータから車両走行用の駆動力を得るハイブリッド車両に適用している。
TAO=Kset×Tset-Kr×Tr-Kam×Tam-Ks×Ts+C…(F1)
ここで、Tsetは車室内温度設定スイッチによって設定された車室内設定温度、Trは内気センサ51によって検出された内気温、Tamは外気センサ52によって検出された外気温、Tsは日射センサ53によって検出された日射量である。Kset、Kr、Kam、Ksは制御ゲインであり、Cは補正用の定数である。
SW=[(TAO-Te)/(Tw-Te)]×100(%)…(F2)
なお、SW=0(%)は、エアミックスドア38の最大冷房位置であり、冷風バイパス通路34を全開し、加熱用冷風通路33を全閉する。これに対し、SW=100(%)は、エアミックスドア38の最大暖房位置であり、冷風バイパス通路34を全閉し、加熱用冷風通路33を全開する。
上述の実施形態では、冷房モード、暖房モード、第1除湿モードおよび第2除湿モードの冷媒回路を切替可能に構成された冷凍サイクル10を採用した例を説明したが、本実施形態では、図12に示すように、冷媒回路の切替機能を有していない冷凍サイクル10を採用している。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。
36 ヒータコア(加熱用熱交換器)
50 制御手段
37 PTCヒータ(補助加熱手段)
39a フェイス吹出口
39b フット吹出口
39d フェイスドア(吹出口モード切替手段)
39e フットドア(吹出口モード切替手段)
Claims (7)
- 送風空気を発生する送風機(32)と、
前記送風空気と熱媒体とを熱交換させて前記送風空気を加熱する加熱用熱交換器(36)と、
前記送風機(32)の稼働率を決定する制御手段(50)と、
乗員の上半身に向けて前記送風空気を吹き出すフェイス吹出口(39a)および乗員の下半身に向けて前記送風空気を吹き出すフット吹出口(39b)を含む複数の吹出口(39a、39b、39c)から吹き出される風量割合を切り替えることによって、複数の吹出口モードを切り替える吹出口モード切替手段(39d、39e、39f)とを備え、
前記制御手段(50)は、
前記熱媒体の温度に基づいて前記送風機(32)の稼働率を制限し、
前記吹出口モードが、前記フェイス吹出口(39a)および前記フット吹出口(39b)の双方から前記送風空気を吹き出すバイレベルモードとなっている際に、前記送風機(32)の稼働率の制限を緩和することを特徴とする車両用空調装置。 - 前記制御手段(50)は、
前記送風機(32)の稼働率を空調負荷に基づいて決定し、
前記送風機(32)の稼働率の上限値を前記熱媒体の温度に基づいて決定し、
前記吹出口モードが、少なくとも前記フット吹出口(39b)から前記送風空気を吹き出すモードとなっている際に前記送風機(32)の稼働率を前記上限値以下に制限し、
前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードになっている際に、前記上限値を、前記空調負荷に基づいて決定した前記送風機(32)の稼働率以上の値に決定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記制御手段(50)は、前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードになっている際であっても、前記熱媒体の温度が所定温度未満である場合には前記送風機(32)の稼働率の制限を緩和しないことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記送風空気を加熱する補助加熱手段(37)を備え、
前記制御手段(50)は、前記補助加熱手段(37)の作動時に、前記補助加熱手段(37)の停止時に比べて前記所定温度を低くすることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記制御手段(50)は、
前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードとなっている際に前記熱媒体の温度に基づいて前記送風機(32)の稼働率を制限し、
前記吹出口モードが前記フェイス吹出口(39a)から前記送風空気を吹き出すフェイスモードになっている際に、前記バイレベルモード時に比べて、前記熱媒体の温度に基づく前記送風機(32)の稼働率の制限を少なくし、
日射量が多い程、前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードに決定されにくく、且つ前記フェイスモードに決定されやすくすることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の車両用空調装置。 - 送風空気を発生する送風機(32)と、
前記送風空気と熱媒体とを熱交換させて前記送風空気を加熱する加熱用熱交換器(36)と、
乗員の上半身に向けて前記送風空気を吹き出すフェイス吹出口(39a)および乗員の下半身に向けて前記送風空気を吹き出すフット吹出口(39b)を含む複数の吹出口(39a、39b、39c)から吹き出される風量割合を切り替えることによって、複数の吹出口モードを切り替える吹出口モード切替手段(39d、39e、39f)と、
前記送風機(32)の稼働率、および前記吹出口モードを決定する制御手段(50)とを備え、
前記制御手段(50)は、
前記吹出口モードが前記フェイス吹出口(39a)および前記フット吹出口(39b)の双方から前記送風空気を吹き出すバイレベルモードとなっている際に前記熱媒体の温度に基づいて前記送風機(32)の稼働率を制限し、
前記吹出口モードが前記フェイス吹出口(39a)から前記送風空気を吹き出すフェイスモードになっている際に、前記バイレベルモード時に比べて、前記熱媒体の温度に基づく前記送風機(32)の稼働率の制限を少なくし、
日射量が多い程、前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードに決定されにくく、且つ前記フェイスモードに決定されやすくすることを特徴とする車両用空調装置。 - 前記制御手段(50)は、
空調負荷に応じて前記吹出口モードを決定し、
日射量が多い程、前記吹出口モードが前記バイレベルモードに決定される空調負荷領域を狭くし、且つ前記吹出口モードが前記フェイスモードになる空調負荷領域を広くすることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の車両用空調装置。
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US14/116,239 US20140060796A1 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-07-03 | Air conditioner for vehicle |
DE112012003599.2T DE112012003599B4 (de) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-07-03 | Luftkonditioniervorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug |
CN201280042589.0A CN103764419B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-07-03 | 车辆空调装置 |
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JP2013049309A (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
DE112012003599B4 (de) | 2021-03-18 |
CN103764419B (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
JP5532029B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
US20140060796A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
DE112012003599T5 (de) | 2014-06-26 |
CN103764419A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
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