JP6256613B2 - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の構造について説明する。図1は、実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の構造を示す断面図である。図1には、電流駆動を担う活性領域(オン状態のときに電流が流れる領域)を示し、活性領域の周囲を囲む耐圧構造部を図示省略する。耐圧構造部は、n-型ドリフト層1の基板おもて面側の電界を緩和し耐圧を保持する領域であり、例えばガードリング、フィールドプレートおよびリサーフ等を組み合わせた耐圧構造を有する。また、図1には、MOSゲート構造とMOSゲート構造から後述するフローティングp+型領域10の中心線までの単位セル構造を示すが、図示省略する部分で例えば当該単位セル構造を繰り返し配置した構成となっている。
次に、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置の構造について説明する。図9は、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置の構造を示す断面図である。実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置が実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置と異なる点は、層間絶縁膜19の、フローティングp+型領域10を覆う部分19aの厚さT3と、層間絶縁膜19の、第2ゲート電極4bを覆う部分の厚さT2とが等しい点である。層間絶縁膜19の、フローティングp+型領域10を覆う部分19aの厚さT3は少なくとも上記(1)式を満たしていればよく、所定のCgp/Csp比が得られるのであれば、層間絶縁膜19の、フローティングp+型領域10を覆う部分19aの厚さT3(すなわち層間絶縁膜9の、フローティング・エミッタ間容量Cspが発生する部分の厚さ)は種々変更可能である。
次に、Cgp/Csp比の最適な範囲について検証した。まず、図15に示す従来のトレンチゲート型IGBT(以下、従来例1とする)のターンオン中のフローティングp+型領域110の電位EP、ゲート電圧(ゲート電位)Vgおよびコレクタ電流Iceを測定した。ゲート抵抗Rgを200Ωとした。従来例1のターンオン中のフローティングp+型領域110の電位EP、ゲート電圧(ゲート電位)Vgおよびコレクタ電流Iceの時間変化を図10に示す。図10は、従来例1のトレンチゲート型IGBTのターンオン中の電気的特性を示す特性図である。図10に示すように、従来例1では、コレクタ電流Iceが流れ始めると、観測点P1から観測点P2までの期間(時間経過)においてフローティングp+型領域110の電位EPが急激に上昇してピークが観測されている。また、フローティングp+型領域110の電位EPの急激な上昇に伴って、ゲート電圧Vgが急激に上昇してピークが観測されていることがわかる。
2 トレンチ
3a 第1ゲート絶縁膜
3b 第2ゲート絶縁膜
4a 第1ゲート電極
4b 第2ゲート電極
5 p型ベース領域
6 n+型エミッタ領域
7 p+型コンタクト領域
8 エミッタ電極
9,19 層間絶縁膜
9a,19a 層間絶縁膜の、フローティングp+型領域を覆う部分
9b,19b 層間絶縁膜の、第1,2ゲート電極を覆う部分
10 フローティングp+型領域
11 n型フィールドストップ層
12 p+型コレクタ層
13 コレクタ電極
Cgp フローティング・ゲート間容量
Csp フローティング・エミッタ間容量
T1 第2ゲート絶縁膜の厚さ
T2 層間絶縁膜の、第2ゲート電極を覆う部分の厚さ
T3 層間絶縁膜の、フローティングp+型領域を覆う部分の厚さ
T4 第1ゲート電極の厚さ(最大厚さ)
W1 第1ゲート電極と第2ゲート電極との間の距離
W2 第2ゲート電極の幅
W3 第1ゲート絶縁膜の、トレンチの側壁に設けられた部分の厚さ
W4 フローティングp+型領域の中央(中心線)と第2ゲート電極との間の距離
Claims (5)
- 第1導電型の第1半導体層と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面から深さ方向に所定の深さで設けられたトレンチと、
前記トレンチの内部に、前記トレンチの内壁に沿って設けられた第1絶縁膜と、
前記トレンチの内部の、前記第1絶縁膜の内側に設けられた第1ゲート電極と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面の表面層に、前記トレンチよりも浅い深さで、かつ前記トレンチの側壁の前記第1絶縁膜に接して設けられた第2導電型の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域の内部に選択的に設けられた第1導電型の第2半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面の表面層に、前記トレンチの側壁の前記第1絶縁膜に接して設けられ、前記トレンチによって前記第1半導体領域と分離された第2導電型の第3半導体領域と、
第2絶縁膜を介して前記第3半導体領域を部分的に覆う第2ゲート電極と、
前記第3半導体領域、前記第1ゲート電極および前記第2ゲート電極を覆う層間絶縁膜と、
前記第1半導体領域および前記第2半導体領域に接し、かつ前記層間絶縁膜の上に設けられた第1電極と、
前記第1半導体層の他方の主面に設けられた第2導電型の第2半導体層と、
前記第2半導体層に接する第2電極と、
を備え、
前記第3半導体領域と前記第1ゲート電極および前記第2ゲート電極との間の静電容量をCgpとし、前記第3半導体領域と前記第1電極との間の静電容量をCspとしたときに、
Cgp/Csp>2.0を満たし、
前記第2絶縁膜の厚さをT1とし、前記層間絶縁膜の、前記第2ゲート電極を覆う部分の厚さをT2とし、前記層間絶縁膜の、前記第3半導体領域を覆う部分の厚さをT3としたときに、T3>T1+T2を満たすことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第2絶縁膜の厚さをT1とし、前記層間絶縁膜の、前記第3半導体領域を覆う部分の厚さをT3とし、前記第1ゲート電極の厚さをT4とし、前記第2ゲート電極の幅をW2とし、前記第1絶縁膜の厚さをW3とし、前記第3半導体領域の中心線から前記第2ゲート電極までの距離をW4としたときに、
(T4/W3+W2/T1)×(T3/W4)>2.0を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第3半導体領域の深さは、前記トレンチよりも深いことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1導電型の第1半導体層の一方の主面から深さ方向に所定の深さで設けられたトレンチと、前記第1半導体層の一方の主面の表面層に、前記トレンチよりも浅い深さで、かつ前記トレンチに接して設けられた第2導電型の第1半導体領域と、前記第1半導体層の一方の主面の表面層に前記トレンチに接して設けられ、前記トレンチによって前記第1半導体領域と分離された第2導電型の第2半導体領域と、を備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面の表面層に、第2導電型の半導体層を形成する第1工程と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面から前記半導体層を深さ方向に貫通する深さで前記トレンチを形成し、前記トレンチによって前記半導体層を複数の領域に分離してなる前記第1半導体領域および前記第2半導体領域を形成する第2工程と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面上および前記トレンチの内壁に沿ってゲート絶縁膜を形成する第3工程と、
前記トレンチの内部を埋め込むように、前記ゲート絶縁膜上に電極層を形成する第4工程と、
前記電極層を選択的に除去し、前記電極層の、前記トレンチの内部に埋め込まれた部分を第1ゲート電極として残し、かつ、前記電極層の、前記第2半導体領域の一部を覆う部分を第2ゲート電極として残す第5工程と、
前記第5工程の後、前記第1半導体領域の内部に選択的に第3半導体領域を形成する第6工程と、
前記第1半導体層の一方の主面上に、前記第2半導体領域、前記第1ゲート電極および前記第2ゲート電極を覆う層間絶縁膜を形成する第7工程と、
前記層間絶縁膜および前記ゲート絶縁膜を選択的に除去して、前記第1半導体領域および前記第3半導体領域を露出させる第8工程と、
前記第8工程の後、前記第1半導体領域および前記第3半導体領域に接する第1電極を形成する第9工程と、
を含み、
前記第8工程の後、前記第9工程の前に、
前記層間絶縁膜上にさらに絶縁層を堆積し、前記層間絶縁膜の厚さを厚くする第10工程と、
前記第10工程の後、前記層間絶縁膜の、前記第2半導体領域を覆う部分の厚さをそのまま残した状態で、前記層間絶縁膜の、前記第2半導体領域を覆う以外の部分の厚さを薄くし、前記第1半導体領域および前記第3半導体領域を再度露出させる第11工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1工程の後、前記第2工程の前に、前記半導体層の内部に、前記半導体層よりも深く、かつ前記半導体層よりも不純物濃度の高い前記第2半導体領域を形成し、前記半導体層の、前記第2半導体領域以外の部分を前記第1半導体領域とする工程をさらに含み、
前記第2工程では、前記第1半導体領域と前記第2半導体領域との境界に前記トレンチを形成することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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