EP0451806B1 - Press tool - Google Patents
Press tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0451806B1 EP0451806B1 EP91105662A EP91105662A EP0451806B1 EP 0451806 B1 EP0451806 B1 EP 0451806B1 EP 91105662 A EP91105662 A EP 91105662A EP 91105662 A EP91105662 A EP 91105662A EP 0451806 B1 EP0451806 B1 EP 0451806B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compression
- jaws
- pressing
- tool according
- abutment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/046—Connecting tubes to tube-like fittings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/146—Clip clamping hand tools
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5367—Coupling to conduit
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressing tool, in particular for connecting tubular workpieces, with arcuate pressing jaws, which sit on pivoting levers and can be moved relative to one another in such a way that they can be opened for placement on the workpiece and that all pressing jaws are closed towards the end of the pressing Complement the press room, the pivot levers being pivotable in the pressing direction via a drive device for the purpose of moving the movable press jaws.
- Coupling sleeves are used to connect pipe ends, which are plastically deformable and made of metal, preferably steel. Their inner diameter is so much larger than the outer diameter of the pipe ends to be connected that they are permanently deformed in the event of radial compression until they abut the outer surface of the pipe ends.
- coupling sleeves can additionally have an annular groove on the inside near each end, into which an elastic sealing ring is inserted.
- the radial compression takes place by means of pressing tools, as are known for example from DE-PS 21 36 782.
- This pressing tool has two clamping arms, each with two arms, at least one of which is pivotably mounted on the pressing tool.
- the press jaws have press surfaces which form circular arc sections and have the same radii, which enclose a press space.
- the pressing surfaces can also be contoured instead of as circular arc sections be, for example, to form a polygonal or oval press room.
- the arms of the press jaws located distant from the press chamber can be spread against the action of a spring, with the result that the press jaws are moved against one another in the region of the press chamber.
- the spreading takes place by means of pressure rollers which are arranged next to one another and abut one another and which are moved together between the arms by means of a drive device in the form of a working cylinder and in this way pivot the press jaws.
- this pressing tool is the pressing tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and is described in DE-OS 34 23 283.
- two press jaws are provided which are each pivotably mounted on a drive lever, which in turn are pivotably guided on the press tool.
- the drive levers have opposite arms which can be spread by means of pressure rollers which can be moved into the intermediate space by a working cylinder and in this way move the pressing jaws towards one another.
- the press jaws are additionally guided in scenes in such a way that when the drive levers are pivoted in the opening direction, they are pivoted open about their articulation points on the drive levers, so that a wide, mouth-like opening is created between the end faces of the press jaws, which accommodates the pipe ends to be connected or a coupling sleeve facilitated.
- the clamping jaws When pivoting the drive lever in the opposite direction, the clamping jaws are pivoted again so that the perpendicular to their arc sections approximately collapse and the clamping jaws are moved parallel to each other when the drive lever is pivoted further.
- the jaws are moved against each other until they have a circular area at the end of the press enclose and have deformed the pipe ends or the coupling sleeve accordingly while reducing the diameter.
- This press tool has proven itself when a not too large diameter reduction or insertion depth is required. For larger press-in depths, which are required if the pipe connection is to withstand higher internal pressures, it is necessary to provide more than two press jaws so that there is no formation of outwardly projecting webs between the end faces of the press jaws, which leads to a complete closing of the press jaws would prevent.
- Such pressing tools are described for example in DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 and DE-AS 19 07 956. All pressing tools disclosed therein have in common that all pressing jaws are movable and guided in the radial direction. This requires complex guides and drive devices, which makes the pressing tools difficult and therefore difficult to handle and also expensive.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a press tool of the type mentioned in such a way that, despite the arrangement of more than two press jaws, it is as simple as possible and thus easy to handle and can be produced inexpensively.
- a further press jaw is provided, which is designed as an abutment attachable to the workpiece and that the other press jaws are guided such that they each move towards the center of the press chamber in the closed state of the press tool during the pressing process move. It is expedient if the press jaws are guided such that they can move relative to one another in such a way that their respective opposite end faces have the same spacing at the start of the press.
- the pressing tool according to the invention is characterized by simple structure, since one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment and thus requires neither a guide nor a drive device.
- the remaining press jaws are guided and driven so that they move in very specific directions during the pressing process, specifically towards the center of the pressing chamber in the closed state of the pressing tool. This is very important for the same forces acting on the workpiece from all sides.
- the press jaws have circular arc sections of equal length in the circumferential direction, that is to say the gaps between the opposite end faces of the press jaws are distributed uniformly over the circumference.
- the directions of movement of the two movable press jaws should enclose an angle of 60 °, which lies symmetrically to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
- the directions of movement of the two pressing jaws adjacent to the abutment should include an angle of 90 ° during the pressing process, which lies symmetrically to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
- the abutment is designed as an abutment bracket located at the free end of the pressing tool, which is pivotably mounted on one side and which can be released or locked on the opposite side.
- This abutment bracket can be pivoted away when the pressing tool is attached to the pipe ends to be connected or to the coupling sleeve. After swiveling back and locking, the movable press jaws can then be moved in the direction of the abutment by means of the drive device.
- the swivel levers can be fixed in place on the pressing tool, at least as far as the actuation of the pressing jaws adjacent to the abutment is concerned.
- the pressing tool according to DE-OS 34 23 283 there is the possibility of arranging the pressing jaws on pressing jaw carriers which are pivotably mounted on the pivot levers.
- a link guide can be provided, as can also be found in DE-AS 34 23 283.
- Two drive levers (34, 35) are mounted in the tool housing (32) as a mirror image of the longitudinal axis (33) so that they can rotate about pivot bolts (36, 37) extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- the downward-pointing arms (38, 39) of the drive levers (34, 35) are spread for pivoting in the directions of arrows E, F, against the action of a spring (not shown here) which contracts the arms (38, 39) .
- a pair of pressure rollers is used to spread the arms (38, 39), which can be moved into the space between the arms (38, 39) with the aid of a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated working cylinder.
- Such a drive device is known per se from DE-PS 21 36 782 and DE-OS 34 23 382.
- Press jaws (42, 43) are received in the arms (40, 41) of the drive levers (34, 35) which extend upwards from the pivot bolts (36, 37).
- the pressing jaws (42, 43) each have pressing surfaces (44, 45) on the inside, each of which forms circular arc sections extending over 120 °.
- Both press jaws (42, 43) are movably mounted on the arms (40, 41) of the drive levers (34, 35) in the circumferential directions according to double arrows G, H. For this purpose, they rest with their outer sides on corresponding circular-arc-shaped guide surfaces (46, 47) in the arms (40, 41) which run coaxially with the circular-arc sections of the respective pressing surfaces (44, 45).
- the press jaws (42, 43) have lugs (48, 49) projecting laterally outwards, on both sides of the guide surfaces (46, 47). Wear the noses (48, 49) Guide projections (50, 51) which form-fit into the scenes (52, 53) which are molded into the inside of the tool housing (32). In this way, the pressing jaws (42, 43) are positively guided in the circumferential directions G, H when the drive lever (34, 35) pivots.
- Another pressing jaw is formed by an abutment (54) which is arranged in a fixed manner within the tool housing (32) and has a pressing surface (55) on the top, which is designed as a circular arc section extending over 120 °.
- the circular arc section has the same radius as that of the other pressing surfaces (44, 45).
- the arms (38, 39) of the drive levers (34, 35) are first pressed together by hand, that is, contrary to the arrows E, F.
- the arms (40, 41) open like a mouth and give in between the end faces of the press jaws (42, 43) free space so that the press tool (31) can be pushed across a coupling sleeve (56) transversely to its longitudinal axis.
- the pressing jaws (42, 43) can be closed. This is done by spreading the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) using the drive device, not shown.
- the press jaws (42, 43) then come to rest on the jacket of the coupling sleeve (56). Since the radii of the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) are smaller than the radius of the coupling sleeve (56) before the pressing by the intended insertion depth, the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) lie only with their outer transverse edges on the circumference of the coupling sleeve (56).
- the scenes (52, 53) are shaped such that the pressing jaws (42, 43) in the circumferential direction relative to the arms (40, 41) of the drive lever (34, 45) are shifted accordingly, ie the the left press jaw (42) clockwise and the right press jaw (43) counterclockwise.
- the radii of the circular arc sections of the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) start from centers which lie in the tips of an equilateral triangle.
- the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) are additionally spread.
- the pressing jaws (42, 43) are moved further inwards, the two directions of movement essentially enclosing an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis (33) and opens away from the abutment (54).
- the pivot pins (36, 37) each lie on straight lines that start from the center of the circular arc section of the abutment (54) and enclose an angle that is twice as large as that of the directions of movement of the press jaws (42, 43 ) included angles, namely 120 °.
- the scenes (52, 53) bend afterwards downwards in such a way that the pressing jaws (42, 43) are displaced in the circumferential direction relative to the arms (40, 41), namely the left pressing jaw (42) counterclockwise and the right pressing jaw (43) clockwise.
- the guide in the scenes (52, 53) is such that the gaps (57, 58, 59) remain the same throughout the pressing process until the end faces of the press jaws (42, 43) and the abutment (54) at the end of the press Plant come.
- the coupling sleeve (56) is compressed radially and its diameter is reduced by the desired press-in depth.
- the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) are pushed together again, so that the upper arms (40, 41) open like a mouth.
- the press tool (31) can then be removed from the coupling sleeve (56).
- a pressing tool (61) - also only partially - is shown, this pressing tool (61) being very similar to the pressing tool (31) shown in Figures (1) and (2). It has an internally hollow tool housing (62) which extends downwards for receiving a drive and for the purpose of handling, which is not shown here.
- Two drive levers (64, 65) are mounted in the tool housing (62) as a mirror image of the longitudinal axis (63) so that they can rotate about pivot bolts (66, 67) extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- the downward-pointing arms (68, 69) of the drive levers (64, 65) are spread out for pivoting in the directions of the arrows I, J, against the action of a lower arm (68, 69) that does not show here in detail Feather.
- a pair of pressure rollers is used to spread the arms (68, 69), as has already been described for the pressing tool (31) in FIGS. (1) and (2).
- Press jaws (72, 73) are received in the arms (70 ⁇ , 71) of the drive levers (64, 65) which extend upwards from the pivot bolts (66, 67). They each have inside pressing surfaces (74, 75) which each form circular sections extending over 120 °. Both press jaws (72, 73) are movably mounted on the upper arms (70 ⁇ , 71) of the drive levers (64, 65) in the circumferential directions according to the double arrows K, L. For this purpose, you lie with your outer sides on corresponding, circular arc-shaped guide surfaces (76, 77) in the arms (70 ⁇ , 71), which run coaxially to the circular arc sections of the respective pressing surfaces (74, 75).
- the pressing jaws (72, 73) have notches (78, 79) on their outer circumferences, into which notches in the upper arms (70 ⁇ , 71) Hold axially displaceable pins (80, 81). These pins (80, 81) are spring-loaded via compression springs (82, 83) in the direction of the notches (78, 79).
- the pins (80, 81) and the notches (78, 79) are arranged so that the pins (80, 81) endeavor to move the pressing jaws (72, 73) against each other in the circumferential direction, that is to say the left pressing jaw (74 ) clockwise and the right press jaw (73) counterclockwise.
- Stops not shown here ensure that the press jaws (72, 73) cannot be moved further in these two directions beyond a certain maximum dimension.
- the guiding of the press jaws (72, 73) is such that they do not fall inwards from the receptacles of the arms (70, 71), ie a corresponding positive guidance is provided.
- Another press jaw is formed by an abutment (84) which is arranged in a fixed manner within the tool housing (62) and has a press surface (85) on the top, which is designed as a circular arc section extending over 120 °.
- the circular arc section has the same radius as that of the other pressing surfaces (74, 75).
- the lower arms (68, 69) of the drive lever (64, 65) are first pressed together by hand, that is, contrary to the arrows I, J.
- the upper arms (70, 71) open mouth-like and give a space between the end faces of the press jaws (72, 73) so that the press tool (61) can be pushed transversely to its longitudinal axis via a coupling sleeve (86).
- the pressing jaws (72, 73) can be closed by spreading the lower arms (68, 69) with the aid of the drive device, which is not shown here.
- the press jaws (72, 73) then come to rest on the jacket of the coupling sleeve (86). Since the radii of the press surfaces (74, 75, 85) are smaller than the intended insertion depth the radius of the coupling sleeve (86) before pressing, the pressing surfaces (74, 75, 85) rest only on the circumference of the coupling sleeve (86) with their outer transverse edges.
- the stops for limiting the movement of the press jaws (72, 73) are arranged accordingly in the circumferential direction.
- the radii of the circular arc sections of the pressing surfaces (74, 75, 85) start from centers which lie in the tips of an equilateral triangle.
- the lower arms (68, 69) of the drive lever (64, 65) are additionally spread.
- the press jaws (72, 73) are moved further inwards, the two directions of movement essentially enclosing an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis (63) and opens away from the abutment (84).
- the pivot pins (66, 67) each lie on straight lines that start from the center point of the circular arc section of the abutment (84) and enclose an angle of 120 °.
- the pressing jaws (72, 73) move automatically in the circumferential direction relative to the upper arms (70 ⁇ , 71), namely the left pressing jaw (72) counterclockwise and the right pressing jaw (73) clockwise. It has been shown that the gaps (87, 88, 89) remain essentially the same even in this embodiment, despite the inaccurate guidance during the entire pressing process, until the end faces of the pressing jaws (72, 73) and the abutment (84) on Press end come to the system, as can be seen in Figure (4).
- the coupling sleeve (86) is compressed radially and its diameter is reduced by the desired press-in depth.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Preßwerkzeug, insbesondere zum Verbinden von rohrförmigen Werkstücken, mit bogenförmigen Preßbacken, die an Schwenkhebeln sitzen und über diese derart relativ zueinander beweglich sind, daß sie zum Aufsetzen auf das Werkstück öffenbar sind und daß sich alle Preßbacken zum Preßende hin zu einem geschlossenen Pressenraum ergänzen, wobei die Schwenkhebel über eine Antriebseinrichtung zwecks Bewegung der beweglichen Preßbacken in Preßrichtung verschwenkbar sind.The invention relates to a pressing tool, in particular for connecting tubular workpieces, with arcuate pressing jaws, which sit on pivoting levers and can be moved relative to one another in such a way that they can be opened for placement on the workpiece and that all pressing jaws are closed towards the end of the pressing Complement the press room, the pivot levers being pivotable in the pressing direction via a drive device for the purpose of moving the movable press jaws.
Zur Verbindung von Rohrenden werden Kupplungshülsen verwendet, die plastisch verformbar sind und aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus Stahl bestehen. Ihr Innendurchmesser ist um so viel größer als der Außendurchmesser der zu verbindenden Rohrenden, daß sie bei radialer Zusammenpressung bis zum Anliegen an der Mantelfläche der Rohrenden bleibend verformt werden. Nach der
DE-PS 1 187 870 können solche Kupplungshülsen an ihrer Innenseite in der Nähe jedes Endes zusätzlich eine Ringnut aufweisen, in die ein elastischer Dichtungsring eingelegt ist.Coupling sleeves are used to connect pipe ends, which are plastically deformable and made of metal, preferably steel. Their inner diameter is so much larger than the outer diameter of the pipe ends to be connected that they are permanently deformed in the event of radial compression until they abut the outer surface of the pipe ends. After
DE-PS 1 187 870, such coupling sleeves can additionally have an annular groove on the inside near each end, into which an elastic sealing ring is inserted.
Das radiale Zusammenpressen geschieht mittels Preßwerkzeugen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-PS 21 36 782 bekannt sind. Dieses Preßwerkzeug weist zwei jeweils zweiarmig ausgebildete Klemmbacken auf, von denen wenigstens einer schwenkbar an dem Preßwerkzeug gelagert ist. Die Preßbacken weisen Kreisbogenabschnitte bildende Preßflächen mit gleichen Radien auf, die einen Preßraum einschließen. Statt als Kreisbogenabschnitte können die Preßflächen auch konturiert sein, um beispielsweise einen mehreckigen oder ovalen Preßraum zu bilden.The radial compression takes place by means of pressing tools, as are known for example from DE-PS 21 36 782. This pressing tool has two clamping arms, each with two arms, at least one of which is pivotably mounted on the pressing tool. The press jaws have press surfaces which form circular arc sections and have the same radii, which enclose a press space. The pressing surfaces can also be contoured instead of as circular arc sections be, for example, to form a polygonal or oval press room.
Die dem Preßraum entfernt liegenden Arme der Preßbacken können gegen die Wirkung einer Feder gespreizt werden mit der Folge, daß die Preßbacken im Bereich des Preßraums gegeneinander bewegt werden. Das Spreizen geschieht mittels nebeneinander angeordneter und aneinander anliegender Druckrollen, die gemeinsam mittels einer Antriebeseinrichtung in Form eines Arbeitszylinders zwischen die Arme gefahren werden und auf diese Weise die Preßbacken verschwenken.The arms of the press jaws located distant from the press chamber can be spread against the action of a spring, with the result that the press jaws are moved against one another in the region of the press chamber. The spreading takes place by means of pressure rollers which are arranged next to one another and abut one another and which are moved together between the arms by means of a drive device in the form of a working cylinder and in this way pivot the press jaws.
Eine Weiterentwicklung dieses Preßwerkzeuges stellt das Preßwerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dar und ist in der DE-OS 34 23 283 beschrieben. Bei diesem Preßwerkzeug sind zwei Preßbacken vorgesehen, die jeweils an einem Antriebshebel schwenkbar gelagert sind, welche wiederum schwenkbar an dem Preßwerkzeug geführt sind. Die Antriebshebel weisen gegenüberliegende Arme auf, die mittels von einem Arbeitszylinder in den Zwischenraum einfahrbaren Druckrollen gespreizt werden können und auf diese Weise die Preßbacken aufeinanderzu bewegen. Die Preßbacken sind dabei zusätzlich in Kulissen derart geführt, daß sie beim Verschwenken der Antriebshebel in Öffnungsrichtung um ihre Anlenkpunkte an den Antriebshebeln aufgeschwenkt werden, so daß zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken eine weite, maulartige Öffnung entsteht, die die Aufnahme der zu verbindenden Rohrenden bzw. einer Kupplungshülse erleichtert.A further development of this pressing tool is the pressing tool according to the preamble of
Beim Verschwenken der Antriebshebel in umgekehrter Richtung werden die Klemmbacken wieder so verschwenkt, daß die Mittelsenkrechten auf ihre Bogenabschnitte in etwa ineinanderfallen und die Klemmbacken beim weiteren Verschwenken der Antriebshebel parallel gegeneinander verschoben werden. Während des Preßvorgangs werden die Klemmbacken weiter gegeneinander bewegt, bis sie am Preßende eine Kreisfläche einschließen und dabei die Rohrenden bzw. die Kupplungshülse entsprechend unter Durchmesserverringerung verformt haben.When pivoting the drive lever in the opposite direction, the clamping jaws are pivoted again so that the perpendicular to their arc sections approximately collapse and the clamping jaws are moved parallel to each other when the drive lever is pivoted further. During the pressing process, the jaws are moved against each other until they have a circular area at the end of the press enclose and have deformed the pipe ends or the coupling sleeve accordingly while reducing the diameter.
Dieses Preßwerkzeug hat sich bewährt, wenn eine nicht zu große Durchmesserverkleinerung bzw. Einpreßtiefe gefordert wird. Bei größeren Einpreßtiefen, die dann erforderlich sind, wenn die Rohrverbindung höheren Innendrücken standhalten soll, ist es erforderlich, mehr als zwei Preßbacken vorzusehen, damit es zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken nicht zum Ausbilden von nach außen vorstehenden Stegen kommt, welche ein vollständiges Schließen der Preßbacken verhindern würden. Solche Preßwerkzeuge sind beispielsweise in der DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 und DE-AS 19 07 956 beschrieben. Allen darin offenbarten Preßwerkzeugen ist gemeinsam, daß sämtliche Preßbacken beweglich und in radialer Richtung geführt sind. Dies bedingt aufwendige Führungen und Antriebseinrichtungen, wodurch die Preßwerkzeuge schwer und deshalb schlecht handhabbar und ferner auch teuer sind.This press tool has proven itself when a not too large diameter reduction or insertion depth is required. For larger press-in depths, which are required if the pipe connection is to withstand higher internal pressures, it is necessary to provide more than two press jaws so that there is no formation of outwardly projecting webs between the end faces of the press jaws, which leads to a complete closing of the press jaws would prevent. Such pressing tools are described for example in DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 and DE-AS 19 07 956. All pressing tools disclosed therein have in common that all pressing jaws are movable and guided in the radial direction. This requires complex guides and drive devices, which makes the pressing tools difficult and therefore difficult to handle and also expensive.
Der Erfindung liegt demnach die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Preßwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß es trotz der Anordnung von mehr als zwei Preßbacken möglichst einfach und damit leicht handhabbar ausgebildet sowie kostengünstig herstellbar ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a press tool of the type mentioned in such a way that, despite the arrangement of more than two press jaws, it is as simple as possible and thus easy to handle and can be produced inexpensively.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine weitere Preßbacke vorgesehen ist, die als ein am Werkstück ansetzbares Widerlager ausgebildet ist und daß die übrigen Preßbacken derart geführt sind, daß sie sich beim Preßvorgang jeweils in Richtung auf den Mittelpunkt des Preßraumes im geschlossenen Zustand des Preßwerkzeuges bewegen. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Preßbacken derart beweglich zueinander geführt sind, daß ihre jeweils benachbart gegenüberliegenden Stirnflächen zu Preßbeginn gleiche Abstände haben.This object is achieved in that a further press jaw is provided, which is designed as an abutment attachable to the workpiece and that the other press jaws are guided such that they each move towards the center of the press chamber in the closed state of the press tool during the pressing process move. It is expedient if the press jaws are guided such that they can move relative to one another in such a way that their respective opposite end faces have the same spacing at the start of the press.
Das Preßwerkzeug nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich durch einfachen Aufbau aus, da eine der Preßbacken als Widerlager ausgebildet ist und somit weder einer Führung noch einer Antriebseinrichtung bedarf. Dabei werden die übrigen Preßbacken so geführt und angetrieben, daß sie sich beim Preßvorgang in ganz bestimmten Richtungen bewegen, und zwar auf den Mittelpunkt des Preßraumes in geschlossenem Zustand des Preßwerkzeuges hin. Dies ist ganz wesentlich dafür, daß auf das Werkstück von allen Seiten gleiche Kräfte wirken.The pressing tool according to the invention is characterized by simple structure, since one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment and thus requires neither a guide nor a drive device. The remaining press jaws are guided and driven so that they move in very specific directions during the pressing process, specifically towards the center of the pressing chamber in the closed state of the pressing tool. This is very important for the same forces acting on the workpiece from all sides.
In Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Preßbacken in Umfangsrichtung gleichlange Kreisbogenabschnitte aufweisen, die Spalte zwischen den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten der Preßbacken also über den Umfang gleichmäßig verteilt sind.In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the press jaws have circular arc sections of equal length in the circumferential direction, that is to say the gaps between the opposite end faces of the press jaws are distributed uniformly over the circumference.
Wenn drei Preßbacken vorgesehen sind, sollten die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden beweglichen Preßbacken einen Winkel von 60° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet. Bei vier Preßbacken sollten die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden dem Widerlager benachbarten Preßbacken beim Preßvorgang einen Winkel von 90° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet.If three press jaws are provided, the directions of movement of the two movable press jaws should enclose an angle of 60 °, which lies symmetrically to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it. In the case of four pressing jaws, the directions of movement of the two pressing jaws adjacent to the abutment should include an angle of 90 ° during the pressing process, which lies symmetrically to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Widerlager als am freien Ende des Preßwerkzeuges befindlicher Widerlagerbügel ausgebildet ist, der auf einer Seite schwenkbar gelagert ist und der an der gegenüberliegenden Seite lösbar bzw. verriegelbar ist. Dieser Widerlagerbügel kann weggeschwenkt werden, wenn das Preßwerkzeug an die zu verbindenden Rohrenden bzw. an die Kupplungshülse angesetzt wird. Nach Zurückschwenken und Verriegeln können dann die beweglichen Preßbacken mittels der Antriebseinrichtung in Richtung auf das Widerlager bewegt werden.According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the abutment is designed as an abutment bracket located at the free end of the pressing tool, which is pivotably mounted on one side and which can be released or locked on the opposite side. This abutment bracket can be pivoted away when the pressing tool is attached to the pipe ends to be connected or to the coupling sleeve. After swiveling back and locking, the movable press jaws can then be moved in the direction of the abutment by means of the drive device.
Die Schwenkhebel können ortsfest am Preßwerkzeug gelagert sein, zumindest was die Betätigung der dem Widerlager benachbarten Preßbacken angeht. Dabei besteht in Analogie zu dem Preßwerkzeug nach der DE-OS 34 23 283 die Möglichkeit, die Preßbacken an Preßbackenträgern anzuordnen, die an den Schwenkhebeln verschwenkbar gelagert sind. Zur Steuerung der Bewegung der Preßbackenhalter kann eine Kulissenführung vorgesehen sein, wie sie ebenfalls schon der DE-AS 34 23 283 zu entnehmen ist.The swivel levers can be fixed in place on the pressing tool, at least as far as the actuation of the pressing jaws adjacent to the abutment is concerned. In analogy to the pressing tool according to DE-OS 34 23 283, there is the possibility of arranging the pressing jaws on pressing jaw carriers which are pivotably mounted on the pivot levers. To control the movement of the press jaw holder, a link guide can be provided, as can also be found in DE-AS 34 23 283.
Damit die stirnseitigen Abstände der Preßbacken zu Beginn des Preßvorgangs exakt gleich sind, ist nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß zumindest ein Teil der Preßbacken in Preßbackenträgern relativ zu diesen bewegbar geführt ist, wobei entsprechende Führungseinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, die garantieren, daß die stirnseitigen Abstände der Preßbacken zu Beginn des Preßvorgangs gleich sind. Dabei können die Preßbacken im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung beweglich geführt sein. Als Führungseinrichtungen kommen Kulissenführungen aber auch eine gegen Anschläge gerichtete Federbeaufschlagung in Frage.So that the end distances of the pressing jaws are exactly the same at the beginning of the pressing process, it is proposed according to a further feature of the invention that at least some of the pressing jaws in the pressing jaw carriers are guided so as to be movable relative to these, with corresponding guide devices being provided which guarantee that the front ends Distances of the press jaws are the same at the beginning of the pressing process. The press jaws can be guided so that they can move substantially in the circumferential direction. However, slide guides that are directed against spring stops can also be used as guide devices.
In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:
- Figur ( 1)
- ein Preßwerkzeug in Offenstellung;
- Figur ( 2)
- das Preßwerkzeug gemäß Figur (1) in Schließstellung;
- Figur ( 3)
- ein weiteres Preßwerkzeug in Offenstellung;
- Figur ( 4)
- das Preßwerkzeug gemäß Figur (3) in Schließstellung;
- Figure (1)
- a press tool in the open position;
- Figure (2)
- the pressing tool according to Figure (1) in the closed position;
- Figure (3)
- another pressing tool in the open position;
- Figure (4)
- the pressing tool according to Figure (3) in the closed position;
In dem Werkzeuggehäuse (32) sind spiegelbildlich zur Längsachse (33) zwei Antriebshebel (34, 35) um sich senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene erstreckende Schwenkbolzen (36, 37) verdrehbar gelagert. Die nach unten zeigenden Arme (38, 39) der Antriebshebel (34, 35) werden zum Verschwenken in den Richtungen der Pfeile E, F gespreizt, und zwar gegen die Wirkung einer hier nicht näher dargestellten, die Arme (38, 39) zusammenziehenden Feder. Zum Spreizen der Arme (38, 39) wird ein Druckrollenpaar verwendet, das mit Hilfe eines pneumatisch oder hydraulisch beaufschlagbaren Arbeitszylinders in den Zwischenraum zwischen die Arme (38, 39) einfahrbar ist. Eine solche Antriebseinrichtung ist an sich aus der DE-PS 21 36 782 und DE-OS 34 23 382 bekannt.Two drive levers (34, 35) are mounted in the tool housing (32) as a mirror image of the longitudinal axis (33) so that they can rotate about pivot bolts (36, 37) extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The downward-pointing arms (38, 39) of the drive levers (34, 35) are spread for pivoting in the directions of arrows E, F, against the action of a spring (not shown here) which contracts the arms (38, 39) . A pair of pressure rollers is used to spread the arms (38, 39), which can be moved into the space between the arms (38, 39) with the aid of a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated working cylinder. Such a drive device is known per se from DE-PS 21 36 782 and DE-OS 34 23 382.
In den von den Schwenkbolzen (36, 37) nach oben sich erstreckenden Armen (40, 41) der Antriebshebel (34, 35) sind Preßbacken (42, 43) aufgenommen. Die Preßbacken (42, 43) weisen jeweils innenseitige Preßflächen (44, 45) auf, die jeweils sich über 120° erstreckende Kreisbogenabschnitte bilden. Beide Preßbacken (42, 43) sind an den Armen (40, 41) der Antriebshebel (34, 35) in den Umfangsrichtungen gemäß Doppelpfeilen G, H beweglich gelagert. Hiezu liegen sie mit ihren Außenseiten an entsprechenden kreisbogenförmigen Führungsflächen (46, 47) in den Armen (40, 41) an, welche koaxial zu den Kreisbogenabschnitten der jeweiligen Preßflächen (44, 45) verlaufen.Press jaws (42, 43) are received in the arms (40, 41) of the drive levers (34, 35) which extend upwards from the pivot bolts (36, 37). The pressing jaws (42, 43) each have pressing surfaces (44, 45) on the inside, each of which forms circular arc sections extending over 120 °. Both press jaws (42, 43) are movably mounted on the arms (40, 41) of the drive levers (34, 35) in the circumferential directions according to double arrows G, H. For this purpose, they rest with their outer sides on corresponding circular-arc-shaped guide surfaces (46, 47) in the arms (40, 41) which run coaxially with the circular-arc sections of the respective pressing surfaces (44, 45).
Die Preßbacken (42, 43) weisen seitlich nach außen vorstehende Nasen (48, 49) auf, und zwar zu beiden Seiten der Führungsflächen (46, 47). Die Nasen (48, 49) tragen Führungsvorsprünge (50, 51), die in Kulissen (52, 53) formschlüssig einfassen, welche in die Innenseiten des Werkzeuggehäuses (32) eingeformt sind. Auf diese Weise werden die Preßbacken (42, 43) bei einer Schwenkbewegung der Antriebshebel (34, 35) in den Umfangsrichtungen G, H zwangsgeführt.The press jaws (42, 43) have lugs (48, 49) projecting laterally outwards, on both sides of the guide surfaces (46, 47). Wear the noses (48, 49) Guide projections (50, 51) which form-fit into the scenes (52, 53) which are molded into the inside of the tool housing (32). In this way, the pressing jaws (42, 43) are positively guided in the circumferential directions G, H when the drive lever (34, 35) pivots.
Eine weitere Preßbacke wird von einem Widerlager (54) gebildet, das ortsfest innerhalb des Werkzeuggehäuses (32) angeordnet ist und obenseitig eine Preßfläche (55) aufweist, welche als sich über 120° erstreckender Kreisbogenabschnitt ausgebildet ist. Der Kreisbogenabschnitt hat denselben Radius wie diejenigen der übrigen Preßflächen (44, 45).Another pressing jaw is formed by an abutment (54) which is arranged in a fixed manner within the tool housing (32) and has a pressing surface (55) on the top, which is designed as a circular arc section extending over 120 °. The circular arc section has the same radius as that of the other pressing surfaces (44, 45).
Für den Gebrauch des Preßwerkzeuges (31) werden zunächst die Arme (38, 39) der Antriebshebel (34, 35) von Hand zusammengedrückt, also entgegen den Pfeilen E, F. Hierdurch öffnen sich die Arme (40, 41) maulartig und geben zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (42, 43) einen Raum frei, so daß das Preßwerkzeug (31) über eine Kupplungshülse (56) quer zu deren Längsachse geschoben werden kann. Nach Anlage der Kupplungshülse (56) an der Preßfläche (55) des Widerlagers (54) können die Preßbacken (42, 43) geschlossen werden. Dies geschieht durch Spreizen der unteren Arme (38, 39) des Antriebshebels (34, 35) mit Hilfe der nicht näher dargestellten Antriebseinrichtung. Die Preßbacken (42, 43) kommen dann an dem Mantel der Kupplungshülse (56) zur Anlage. Da die Radien der Preßflächen (44, 45, 55) um die vorgesehene Einpreßtiefe kleiner sind als der Radius der Kupplungshülse (56) vor dem Verpressen, liegen die Preßflächen (44, 45, 55) nur mit ihren äußeren Querkanten auf dem Umfang der Kupplungshülse (56) an. Damit zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (42, 43) und des Widerlagers (54) gleich große Spalte (57, 58, 59) entstehen, sind die Kulissen (52, 53) derart geformt, daß die Preßbacken (42, 43) in Umfangsrichtung gegenüber den Armen (40, 41) der Antriebshebel (34, 45) entsprechend verschoben sind, d.h. die linke Preßbacke (42) im Uhrzeigersinn und die rechte Preßbacke (43) gegen den Uhrzeigersinn. Die Radien der Kreisbogenabschnitte der Preßflächen (44, 45, 55) gehen dabei von Mittelpunkten aus, die in den Spitzen eines gleichseitigen Dreieckes liegen.To use the pressing tool (31), the arms (38, 39) of the drive levers (34, 35) are first pressed together by hand, that is, contrary to the arrows E, F. As a result, the arms (40, 41) open like a mouth and give in between the end faces of the press jaws (42, 43) free space so that the press tool (31) can be pushed across a coupling sleeve (56) transversely to its longitudinal axis. After the coupling sleeve (56) has been placed on the pressing surface (55) of the abutment (54), the pressing jaws (42, 43) can be closed. This is done by spreading the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) using the drive device, not shown. The press jaws (42, 43) then come to rest on the jacket of the coupling sleeve (56). Since the radii of the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) are smaller than the radius of the coupling sleeve (56) before the pressing by the intended insertion depth, the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) lie only with their outer transverse edges on the circumference of the coupling sleeve (56). So that there are gaps (57, 58, 59) of equal size between the end faces of the pressing jaws (42, 43) and the abutment (54), the scenes (52, 53) are shaped such that the pressing jaws (42, 43) in the circumferential direction relative to the arms (40, 41) of the drive lever (34, 45) are shifted accordingly, ie the the left press jaw (42) clockwise and the right press jaw (43) counterclockwise. The radii of the circular arc sections of the pressing surfaces (44, 45, 55) start from centers which lie in the tips of an equilateral triangle.
Durch weitere Druckbeaufschlagung der Antriebseinrichtung werden die unteren Arme (38, 39) der Antriebshebel (34, 35) zusätzlich gespreizt. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Preßbacken (42, 43) weiter nach innen bewegt werden, wobei die beiden Bewegungsrichtungen im wesentlichen einen Winkel von 60° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Längsachse (33) liegt und sich vom Widerlager (54) weg öffnet. Dies beruht darauf, daß die Schwenkbolzen (36, 37) jeweils auf Geraden liegen, die vom Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogenabschnittes des Widerlagers (54) ausgehen und einen Winkel einschließen, der doppelt so groß ist, wie der von den Bewegungsrichtungen der Preßbacken (42, 43) eingeschlossene Winkel, nämlich 120°. Da sich beim Preßvorgang der obere Spalt (57) zwischen den Stirnflächen der Preßbacken (42, 43) schneller verkleinern würde als die Spalte zwischen den Preßbacken (42, 43) und dem Widerlager, (54) biegen die Kulissen (52, 53) nach innen derart nach unten ab, daß die Preßbacken (42, 43) relativ zu den Armen (40, 41) in Umfangsrichtung verschoben werden, und zwar die linke Preßbacke (42) entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn und die rechte Preßbacke (43) im Uhrzeigersinn. Dabei ist die Führung in den Kulissen (52, 53) derart, daß die Spalte (57, 58, 59) während des gesamten Preßvorgangs gleich bleiben, bis die Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (42, 43) und des Widerlagers (54) am Preßende zur Anlage kommen. Dabei wird die Kupplungshülse (56) radial gestaucht und in ihrem Durchmesser um die gewünschte Einpreßtiefe verringert.By further pressurization of the drive device, the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) are additionally spread. As a result, the pressing jaws (42, 43) are moved further inwards, the two directions of movement essentially enclosing an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis (33) and opens away from the abutment (54). This is due to the fact that the pivot pins (36, 37) each lie on straight lines that start from the center of the circular arc section of the abutment (54) and enclose an angle that is twice as large as that of the directions of movement of the press jaws (42, 43 ) included angles, namely 120 °. Since the upper gap (57) between the end faces of the pressing jaws (42, 43) would decrease faster than the gap between the pressing jaws (42, 43) and the abutment (54), the scenes (52, 53) bend afterwards downwards in such a way that the pressing jaws (42, 43) are displaced in the circumferential direction relative to the arms (40, 41), namely the left pressing jaw (42) counterclockwise and the right pressing jaw (43) clockwise. The guide in the scenes (52, 53) is such that the gaps (57, 58, 59) remain the same throughout the pressing process until the end faces of the press jaws (42, 43) and the abutment (54) at the end of the press Plant come. The coupling sleeve (56) is compressed radially and its diameter is reduced by the desired press-in depth.
Für das Entfernen des Preßwerkzeuges (31) von der Kupplungshülse (56) werden die unteren Arme (38, 39) des Antriebshebels (34, 35) wieder zusammengeschoben, so daß sich die oberen Arme (40, 41) maulartig öffnen. Das Preßwerkzeug (31) kann dann von der Kupplungshülse (56) abgezogen werden.To remove the pressing tool (31) from the coupling sleeve (56), the lower arms (38, 39) of the drive lever (34, 35) are pushed together again, so that the upper arms (40, 41) open like a mouth. The press tool (31) can then be removed from the coupling sleeve (56).
In den Figuren (3) und (4) ist ein Preßwerkzeug (61) - ebenfalls nur teilweise - dargestellt, wobei dieses Preßwerkzeug (61) große Ähnlichkeit mit dem in den Figuren (1) und (2) dargestellten Preßwerkzeug (31) hat. Es weist ein innen hohles Werkzeuggehäuse (62) auf, das sich nach unten hin für die Aufnahme eines Antriebes und zum Zweck der Handhabung verlängert, was hier nicht näher dargestellt ist.In Figures (3) and (4) a pressing tool (61) - also only partially - is shown, this pressing tool (61) being very similar to the pressing tool (31) shown in Figures (1) and (2). It has an internally hollow tool housing (62) which extends downwards for receiving a drive and for the purpose of handling, which is not shown here.
In dem Werkzeuggehäuse (62) sind spiegelbildlich zur Längsachse (63) zwei Antriebshebel (64, 65) um sich senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene erstreckende Schwenkbolzen (66, 67) verdrehbar gelagert. Die nach unten zeigenden Arme (68, 69) der Antriebshebel (64, 65) werden zum Verschwenken in den Richtungen der Pfeile I, J gespreizt, und zwar gegen die Wirkung einer hier nicht näher dargestellten, die unteren Arme (68, 69) zusammenziehenden Feder. Zum Spreizen der Arme (68, 69) wird ein Druckrollenpaar verwendet, wie dies schon zu dem Preßwerkzeug (31) in den Figuren (1) und (2) beschrieben ist.Two drive levers (64, 65) are mounted in the tool housing (62) as a mirror image of the longitudinal axis (63) so that they can rotate about pivot bolts (66, 67) extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The downward-pointing arms (68, 69) of the drive levers (64, 65) are spread out for pivoting in the directions of the arrows I, J, against the action of a lower arm (68, 69) that does not show here in detail Feather. A pair of pressure rollers is used to spread the arms (68, 69), as has already been described for the pressing tool (31) in FIGS. (1) and (2).
In den von den Schwenkbolzen (66, 67) nach oben sich erstreckenden Armen (70̸, 71) der Antriebshebel (64, 65) sind Preßbacken (72, 73) aufgenommen. Sie weisen jeweils innenseitige Preßflächen (74, 75) auf, die jeweils sich über 120̸° erstreckende Kreisabschnitte bilden. Beide Preßbacken (72, 73) sind an den oberen Armen (70̸, 71) der Antriebshebel (64, 65) in den Umfangsrichtungen gemäß den Doppelpfeilen K, L beweglich gelagert. Hierzu liegen Sie mit Ihren Außenseiten an entsprechenden, kreisbogenförmigen Führungsflächen (76, 77) in den Armen (70̸, 71) an, welche koaxial zu den Kreisbogenabschnitten der jeweiligen Preßflächen (74, 75) verlaufen.Press jaws (72, 73) are received in the arms (70̸, 71) of the drive levers (64, 65) which extend upwards from the pivot bolts (66, 67). They each have inside pressing surfaces (74, 75) which each form circular sections extending over 120 °. Both press jaws (72, 73) are movably mounted on the upper arms (70̸, 71) of the drive levers (64, 65) in the circumferential directions according to the double arrows K, L. For this purpose, you lie with your outer sides on corresponding, circular arc-shaped guide surfaces (76, 77) in the arms (70̸, 71), which run coaxially to the circular arc sections of the respective pressing surfaces (74, 75).
Die Preßbacken (72, 73) weisen an ihren äußeren Umfängen Einkerbungen (78, 79) auf, in die in den oberen Armen (70̸, 71) axial verschieblich gelagerte Stifte (80, 81) einfassen. Diese Stifte (80, 81) sind über Druckfedern (82, 83) in Richtung auf die Einkerbungen (78, 79) federbeaufschlagt. Die Stifte (80, 81) und die Einkerbungen (78, 79) sind dabei so angeordnet, daß die Stifte (80, 81) bestrebt sind, die Preßbacken (72, 73) in Umfangsrichtung gegeneinander zu bewegen, also die linke Preßbacke (74) im Uhrzeigersinn und die rechte Preßbacke (73) gegen den Uhrzeigersinn. Hier nicht näher dargestellte Anschläge sorgen dafür, daß die Preßbacken (72, 73) über ein gewisses Maximalmaß hinaus nicht weiter in diesen beiden Richtungen bewegt werden können. Selbstverständlich ist die Führung der Preßbacken (72, 73) so beschaffen, daß diese nicht aus den Aufnahmen der Arme (70, 71) nach innen fallen, d.h. es ist eine entsprechende Zwangsführung vorgesehen.The pressing jaws (72, 73) have notches (78, 79) on their outer circumferences, into which notches in the upper arms (70̸, 71) Hold axially displaceable pins (80, 81). These pins (80, 81) are spring-loaded via compression springs (82, 83) in the direction of the notches (78, 79). The pins (80, 81) and the notches (78, 79) are arranged so that the pins (80, 81) endeavor to move the pressing jaws (72, 73) against each other in the circumferential direction, that is to say the left pressing jaw (74 ) clockwise and the right press jaw (73) counterclockwise. Stops not shown here ensure that the press jaws (72, 73) cannot be moved further in these two directions beyond a certain maximum dimension. Of course, the guiding of the press jaws (72, 73) is such that they do not fall inwards from the receptacles of the arms (70, 71), ie a corresponding positive guidance is provided.
Eine weitere Preßbacke wird von einem Widerlager (84) gebildet, das ortsfest innerhalb des Werkzeuggehäuses (62) angeordnet ist und obenseitig eine Preßfläche (85) aufweist, welche sich als über 120° erstreckender Kreisbogenabschnitte ausgebildet ist. Der Kreisbogenabschnitt hat den selben Radius wie diejenigen der übrigen Preßflächen (74, 75).Another press jaw is formed by an abutment (84) which is arranged in a fixed manner within the tool housing (62) and has a press surface (85) on the top, which is designed as a circular arc section extending over 120 °. The circular arc section has the same radius as that of the other pressing surfaces (74, 75).
Für den Gebrauch des Preßwerkzeuges (61) werden zunächst die unteren Arme (68, 69) der Antriebshebel (64, 65) von Hand zusammengedrückt, also entgegen den Pfeilen I, J. Hierdurch öffnen sich die oberen Arme (70, 71) maulartig und geben zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (72, 73) einen Raum frei, so daß das Preßwerkzeug (61) über eine Kupplungshülse (86) quer zu deren Längsachse geschoben werden kann. Nach Anlage der Kupplungshülse (86) an der Preßfläche (85) des Widerlagers (84) können die Preßbacken (72, 73) durch Spreizen der unteren Arme (68, 69) mit Hilfe der hier nicht näher dargestellten Antriebseinrichtung geschlossen werden. Die Preßbacken (72, 73) kommen dann an dem Mantel der Kupplungshülse (86) zur Anlage. Da die Radien der Preßflächen (74, 75, 85) um die vorgesehene Einpreßtiefe kleiner sind als der Radius der Kupplungshülse (86) vor dem Verpressen, liegen die Preßflächen (74, 75, 85) nur mit ihren äußeren Querkanten auf dem Umfang der Kupplungshülse (86) an.For the use of the pressing tool (61), the lower arms (68, 69) of the drive lever (64, 65) are first pressed together by hand, that is, contrary to the arrows I, J. As a result, the upper arms (70, 71) open mouth-like and give a space between the end faces of the press jaws (72, 73) so that the press tool (61) can be pushed transversely to its longitudinal axis via a coupling sleeve (86). After the coupling sleeve (86) has been placed on the pressing surface (85) of the abutment (84), the pressing jaws (72, 73) can be closed by spreading the lower arms (68, 69) with the aid of the drive device, which is not shown here. The press jaws (72, 73) then come to rest on the jacket of the coupling sleeve (86). Since the radii of the press surfaces (74, 75, 85) are smaller than the intended insertion depth the radius of the coupling sleeve (86) before pressing, the pressing surfaces (74, 75, 85) rest only on the circumference of the coupling sleeve (86) with their outer transverse edges.
Damit zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (72, 73) und des Widerlagers (84) gleichgroße Spalte (87, 88, 89) entstehen, sind die Anschläge für die Begrenzung der Bewegung der Preßbacken (72, 73) in Umfangsrichtung entsprechend angeordnet. Die Radien der Kreisbogenabschnitte der Preßflächen (74, 75, 85) gehen dabei von Mittelpunkten aus, die in den Spitzen eines gleichseitigen Dreiecks liegen.So that gaps (87, 88, 89) of the same size are formed between the end faces of the press jaws (72, 73) and the abutment (84), the stops for limiting the movement of the press jaws (72, 73) are arranged accordingly in the circumferential direction. The radii of the circular arc sections of the pressing surfaces (74, 75, 85) start from centers which lie in the tips of an equilateral triangle.
Durch weitere Druckbeaufschlagung der Antriebseinrichtung werden die unteren Arme (68, 69) der Antriebshebel (64, 65) zusätzlich gespreizt. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Preßbacken (72, 73) weiter nach innen bewegt werden, wobei die beiden Bewegungrichtungen im wesentlichen einen Winkel von 60̸° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Längsachse (63) liegt und sich vom Widerlager (84) weg öffnet. Auch hier beruht dies darauf, daß die Schwenkbolzen (66, 67) jeweils auf Geraden liegen, die vom Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogenabschnittes des Widerlagers (84) ausgehen und einen Winkel von 120̸° einschließen.By further pressurization of the drive device, the lower arms (68, 69) of the drive lever (64, 65) are additionally spread. This has the consequence that the press jaws (72, 73) are moved further inwards, the two directions of movement essentially enclosing an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis (63) and opens away from the abutment (84). Again, this is due to the fact that the pivot pins (66, 67) each lie on straight lines that start from the center point of the circular arc section of the abutment (84) and enclose an angle of 120 °.
Beim Preßvorgang verschieben sich die Preßbacken (72, 73) relativ zu den oberen Armen (70̸, 71) selbstätig in Umfangsrichtung, und zwar die linke Preßbacke (72) entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn und die rechte Preßbacke (73) im Uhrzeigersinn. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Spalte (87, 88, 89) auch bei dieser Ausführungsform trotz der nicht exakten Führung während des gesamten Preßvorgangs im wesentlichen gleich bleiben, bis die Stirnseiten der Preßbacken (72, 73) und des Widerlagers (84) am Preßende zur Anlage kommen, wie dies in Figur (4) zu sehen ist. Dabei wird die Kupplungshülse (86) radial gestaucht und in ihrem Durchmesser um die gewünschte Einpreßtiefe verringert.During the pressing process, the pressing jaws (72, 73) move automatically in the circumferential direction relative to the upper arms (70̸, 71), namely the left pressing jaw (72) counterclockwise and the right pressing jaw (73) clockwise. It has been shown that the gaps (87, 88, 89) remain essentially the same even in this embodiment, despite the inaccurate guidance during the entire pressing process, until the end faces of the pressing jaws (72, 73) and the abutment (84) on Press end come to the system, as can be seen in Figure (4). The coupling sleeve (86) is compressed radially and its diameter is reduced by the desired press-in depth.
Claims (13)
- A compression tool (31, 61), in particular for joining tubular workpieces (56, 86), comprising arch-shaped movable compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73) which are seated on pivot levers (34, 35; 64, 65) and are movable relative to each other via the latter, thus producing a mouth-like opening to be laterally pushed onto the workpiece (56, 86), and that all compression jaws (42, 43, 54; 72, 73, 84) complement each other towards completed compression to form a sealed compression area, and that the pivot levers (34, 35; 64, 65) are pivotable in the direction of compression via a drive mechanism for the purpose of moving the movable compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73), characterized in that an additional compression jaw (54; 84) is provided in the form of an abutment (54, 84) which is placed against the workpiece, and that the movable compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73) are guided in such a manner that they move during a compression process in the respective direction of the centre point of the compression space in the closed state of the compression tool (31, 61).
- A compression tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable compression jaws (42, 43, 72, 73) are guided relative to each other in such a manner that their respective adjacent opposite surfaces are at identical distance from each other at the start of a compression.
- A compression tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all compression jaws (42, 43, 54; 72, 73, 84) are of equal length in the peripheral direction.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that three compression jaws (42, 43, 54; 72, 73, 84) are provided, and that the movement directions of the two movable compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73) are at an angle of 60°, which is symmetrically to the mid vertical and placed on the abutment (4, 54, 84) and which opens facing away therefrom.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that four compression jaws are provided, and that the movement directions of the two compression jaws adjacent the abutment during a compression process are at angle of 90°, which is symmetrical to the mid vertical and placed on the abutment and which opens facing away therefrom.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the abutment is arranged to be an abutment yoke on the free end of the compression tool which is mounted to be pivotable on one side and releasable or lockable on the opposite side.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pivot levers (34, 35; 64, 65) are mounted in a fixed position on the compression tool (31, 61).
- A compression tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the compression jaws are seated on compression-jaw supports which are pivotably mounted on the pivot levers.
- A compression tool according to claim 8, characterized in that a gate guide is provided for the purpose of controlling the movement of the compression-jaw supports.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least a portion of the compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73) is guided in compression-jaw supports (40, 41; 70, 71) relative thereto, and that guiding devices (50, 52, 53, 54) for the compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73) are provided in such form that their end distances are identical at the start of a compression process.
- A compression tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the compression jaws (42, 43; 72, 73, 95; 111) are essentially guided so as to be movable in the peripheral direction.
- A compression tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the guiding devices (50 to 53) comprise a gate guide.
- A compression tool according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the guide devices comprise a springload (78 to 83) towards the stops.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110655A EP0628362B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110654A EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4011822 | 1990-04-12 | ||
DE4011822 | 1990-04-20 |
Related Child Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110655A Division EP0628362B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110654A Division EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110655.1 Division-Into | 1994-07-08 | ||
EP94110654.4 Division-Into | 1994-07-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0451806A1 EP0451806A1 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
EP0451806B1 true EP0451806B1 (en) | 1995-01-11 |
Family
ID=6404263
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110655A Expired - Lifetime EP0628362B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105663A Expired - Lifetime EP0452791B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105662A Expired - Lifetime EP0451806B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110654A Expired - Lifetime EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110655A Expired - Lifetime EP0628362B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105663A Expired - Lifetime EP0452791B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110654A Expired - Lifetime EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5148698A (en) |
EP (4) | EP0628362B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JPH0768329A (en) |
AT (4) | ATE116880T1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2040277C (en) |
DE (5) | DE9007414U1 (en) |
DK (4) | DK0627273T3 (en) |
ES (4) | ES2067077T3 (en) |
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EP2133612A2 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-16 | NOVOPRESS GMBH PRESSEN UND PRESSWERKZEUGE & CO. KG. | Method for connecting two workpieces and pressure fitting for same |
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DE2136782C2 (en) * | 1971-07-23 | 1982-12-02 | Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge & Co KG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Portable pressure fluid operated clamping tool |
US3756064A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1973-09-04 | Waldes Kohinoor Inc | Hand-operated plier-like tools |
US3823597A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1974-07-16 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Swaging tool die extender |
CH580473A5 (en) * | 1974-07-08 | 1976-10-15 | Oetiker Hans | |
US4183120A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-01-15 | Thorne George W | Encircling devices |
US4276765A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1981-07-07 | Rikizo Yoneda | Pressing device for a hose coupler |
US4528740A (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1985-07-16 | Msw Corporation | Shrink ring clamp assembly |
JPS60141456A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-26 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | Pinching apparatus |
DE3423283A1 (en) * | 1984-06-23 | 1986-01-02 | Helmut Dipl.-Ing. 4040 Neuss Dischler | Clamping tool, in particular for connecting tubes and other sections |
DE3513129A1 (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-23 | Peter Dipl.-Ing. 6000 Frankfurt Schröck | Radial press having a plurality of pressure medium drives arranged in a radial fashion |
-
1990
- 1990-04-12 DE DE9007414U patent/DE9007414U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-04-03 US US07/679,943 patent/US5148698A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 EP EP94110655A patent/EP0628362B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 AT AT91105662T patent/ATE116880T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 DK DK94110654T patent/DK0627273T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DK DK94110655T patent/DK0628362T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59109014T patent/DE59109014D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES91105662T patent/ES2067077T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 AT AT91105663T patent/ATE111385T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 AT AT94110655T patent/ATE167414T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 ES ES94110654T patent/ES2129089T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 EP EP91105663A patent/EP0452791B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 EP EP91105662A patent/EP0451806B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59104196T patent/DE59104196D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 DK DK91105663.8T patent/DK0452791T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59109090T patent/DE59109090C5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 AT AT94110654T patent/ATE175599T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59102895T patent/DE59102895D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES91105663T patent/ES2062596T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES94110655T patent/ES2119935T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 JP JP3077883A patent/JPH0768329A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-10 JP JP07788491A patent/JP3334892B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-10 EP EP94110654A patent/EP0627273B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 DK DK91105662.0T patent/DK0451806T3/en active
- 1991-04-11 CA CA002040277A patent/CA2040277C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-11 CA CA002040278A patent/CA2040278C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2133612A2 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-16 | NOVOPRESS GMBH PRESSEN UND PRESSWERKZEUGE & CO. KG. | Method for connecting two workpieces and pressure fitting for same |
DE102008027812A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2010-01-14 | Novopress Gmbh Pressen Und Presswerkzeuge & Co. Kg | Method for connecting two workpieces and press fitting therefor |
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