EP0628362A2 - Press tool - Google Patents
Press tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0628362A2 EP0628362A2 EP94110655A EP94110655A EP0628362A2 EP 0628362 A2 EP0628362 A2 EP 0628362A2 EP 94110655 A EP94110655 A EP 94110655A EP 94110655 A EP94110655 A EP 94110655A EP 0628362 A2 EP0628362 A2 EP 0628362A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- press
- jaws
- pressing
- abutment
- tool according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/046—Connecting tubes to tube-like fittings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/146—Clip clamping hand tools
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5367—Coupling to conduit
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressing tool, in particular for connecting tubular workpieces, with more than two arcuate pressing jaws which are movable relative to one another in such a way that they can be opened for placement on the workpiece and that they complement one another towards the end of the pressing to form a closed pressing space, and with at least one drive device for moving press jaws in the pressing direction.
- Coupling sleeves are used to connect pipe ends, which are plastically deformable and made of metal, preferably steel. Their inner diameter is so much larger than the outer diameter of the pipe ends to be connected that they are permanently deformed in the event of radial compression until they rest against the outer surface of the pipe ends. According to DE-PS 1 187 870 ⁇ , such coupling sleeves can additionally have an annular groove on the inside near each end, into which an elastic sealing ring is inserted.
- the radial compression takes place by means of pressing tools, as are known for example from DE-PS 21 36 782.
- This pressing tool has two clamping arms, each with two arms, at least one of which is pivotably mounted on the pressing tool.
- the press jaws have press surfaces which form circular arc sections and have the same radii, which enclose a press space. Instead of being circular arc sections, the pressing surfaces can also be contoured, for example to form a polygonal or oval pressing space.
- the arms of the press jaws located distant from the press chamber can be spread against the action of a spring, with the result that the press jaws are moved against one another in the region of the press chamber.
- the spreading takes place by means of pressure rollers which are arranged next to one another and abut one another and which are moved together between the arms by means of a drive device in the form of a working cylinder and in this way pivot the press jaws.
- the clamping jaws When pivoting the drive lever in the opposite direction, the clamping jaws are pivoted again so that the perpendicular to their arc sections approximately collapse and the clamping jaws are moved parallel to each other when the drive lever is pivoted further. During the pressing process, the clamping jaws are moved further towards one another until they enclose a circular surface at the end of the press and have deformed the pipe ends or the coupling sleeve accordingly with a reduction in diameter.
- This press tool has proven itself if one is not too big Reduction in diameter or press-in depth is required. At greater press-in depths, which are necessary if the pipe connection is to withstand higher internal pressures, it is recommended to provide more than two press jaws so that there is no formation of outwardly projecting webs between the end faces of the press jaws, which leads to a complete closing of the press jaws would prevent.
- Such pressing tools are described for example in DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 and DE-AS 19 0 ⁇ 7 956. All pressing tools disclosed therein have in common that all pressing jaws are movable and guided in the radial direction. This requires complex guides and drive devices, which makes the pressing tools difficult and therefore difficult to handle and also expensive.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a press tool of the type mentioned in such a way that, despite the arrangement of more than two press jaws, it is as simple as possible and thus easy to handle and can be produced inexpensively.
- one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment which can be attached to the workpiece and that the other press jaws are movable by means of the drive device (s) and are guided in such a way that they each move in the direction of the pressing process Move the center of the press chamber in the closed state of the press tool, the abutment being designed as an abutment bracket located at the free end of the press tool, which is pivotably mounted on one side and which can be released or locked on the opposite side. This abutment bracket can be pivoted away when the pressing tool is attached to the pipe ends to be connected or to the coupling sleeve.
- the movable press jaws can then be moved in the direction of the abutment by means of the drive device. It is advisable if the press jaws are guided such that they can move relative to one another in such a way that their respective opposite end faces have the same spacing at the start of the press.
- the press tool according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure, since one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment and thus does not require a guide or a drive device.
- the other pressing jaws are guided and driven so that they move in very specific directions during the pressing process, namely towards the center of the pressing space in the closed state of the pressing tool. This is very important for the same forces acting on the workpiece from all sides.
- the press jaws have circular arc sections of equal length in the circumferential direction, that is to say the gaps between the opposite end faces of the press jaws are distributed uniformly over the circumference.
- the directions of movement of the two movable press jaws should include an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
- the directions of movement of the two press jaws adjacent to the abutment should include an angle of 90 ° during the pressing process, which is symmetrical to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
- the movable press jaws rest on the one hand on guide devices which determine their directions of movement and on the other hand on a press ram which is movable in the direction of the abutment and which is connected to the drive device (s) and on which the abutment neighboring press jaws are slidably mounted.
- a further press jaw rests on the press die or is connected thereto, which faces the abutment.
- the press ram is part of the drive device and can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic cylinder or connected to one.
- a separate drive device can also be provided for each movable press jaw, for example, again a hydraulic cylinder. This can have a press or tension stamp.
- a press tool 1 is shown, namely its upper head part. It has a tool housing 2 which is hollow on the inside and initially widens towards the bottom and then tapers. In the central area, it has a U-shaped recess 3.
- the free ends of the recess 3 are connected by an abutment bracket 4.
- the abutment bracket 4 is pivotally mounted on its right side in this view about a bearing pin 5. On the left side in this view, the abutment bracket 4 is fixed in the position shown via a locking pin 6. This locking pin 6 passes through corresponding recesses in the tool housing 2 and in the abutment 4 and can be easily removed. After its removal, the abutment bracket 4 can be pivoted about the bearing pin 5 in the directions of the double arrow A, clockwise so far that the recess 3 is completely open towards the top.
- the abutment bracket 4 has a pressing surface 7 which has the shape of a circular arc and extends over an angle of 120 ° symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the pressing tool 1.
- the pressing surface 7 has a groove which runs in the circumferential direction and is open inwards. It can be exchangeably attached to the abutment bracket 4.
- oblique guide surfaces 8, 9, which enclose an angle of 60 ° and are mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the pressing tool 1.
- the pressing jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 are also mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the pressing tool 1 and each have a pressing surface 14, 15 which are each designed as circular arc sections extending over 120 °.
- a circumferential groove is also formed on the inside.
- the circular arc sections of all pressing surfaces 7, 14, 15 have identical radii.
- the press jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 protrude on the underside into a guide groove 16 which runs horizontally and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the press tool 1 and is formed in the head 17 of a press ram 18.
- the undersides of the pressing jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 also run horizontally, so that the pressing jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 are guided in the groove 16 so as to be displaceable in the groove 16 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pressing tool 1, namely in the manner of a dovetail guide.
- transverse blind holes 19, 20 ⁇ are formed, which are coaxial to each other.
- a compression spring 21 is used, which strives to press the pressing jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 outwards and thus over the contact surfaces 12, 13 to the guide surfaces 8, 9.
- the press die 18 is mounted such that it can move linearly vertically in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the press tool 1 (double arrow B). It is operated by a pneumatic or hydraulic working cylinder actuated, which is not shown here.
- the locking of the abutment bracket 4 is first released by means of the locking pin 6, i. H. this locking pin 6 is pulled out and the abutment bracket 4 is pivoted clockwise until the fork-shaped opening of the recess 3 is completely free.
- the press ram 18 is in a downward withdrawn position.
- the pressing tool 1 can then be attached to a coupling sleeve 22 such that the coupling sleeve 22 extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing through the recess 3 and is received by the latter.
- the abutment 4 is pivoted around the coupling sleeve 22 and locked by inserting the locking pin 6.
- the coupling sleeve 22 is then enclosed by the press tool 1.
- the press jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 are then brought into contact with the coupling sleeve 23 by raising the press ram 18. Since its radius is smaller than the radius of the coupling sleeve 22 before pressing by the intended insertion depth, the pressing surfaces 7, 14, 15 rest only on the circumference of the coupling sleeve 22 with their outer transverse edges. Between the end faces of the pressing jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 and the abutment bracket 4 are still free gaps 23, 24, 25, which are the same size.
- the radii of the circular arc sections of the pressing surfaces 7, 14, 15 start from central points which lie in the tips of an equilateral triangle.
- the press ram 18 is now moved upward by further pressurization.
- the press jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 slide over their contact surfaces 12, 13 over the guide surfaces 8, 9, whereby a direction of movement extending in the directions of the double arrows C, D is impressed on them.
- the two directions of movement include the same angle as the guide surfaces 8, 9, ie 60 °.
- the press jaws 10 ⁇ , 11 slide in the groove 16 of the press ram 18 at the same time horizontally towards each other, against the action of the compression spring 21. In this way, the coupling sleeve 22 is compressed radially, that is, its diameter is reduced by the desired press-in depth.
- a circular press space is enclosed by the press surfaces 7, 14, 15 and the gaps 23, 24, 25 have been reduced to zero.
- the press ram 18 is moved back again.
- the abutment bracket 4 is pivoted away after removing the locking bolt 6, so that the pressing tool 1 can then be removed.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Preßwerkzeug, insbesondere zum Verbinden von rohrförmigen Werkstücken, mit mehr als zwei bogenförmigen Preßbacken, die derart relativ zueinander beweglich sind, daß sie zum Aufsetzen auf das Werkstück öffenbar sind und daß sie sich zum Preßende hin zu einem geschlossenen Preßraum ergänzen, sowie mit wenigstens einer Antriebseinrichtung zur Bewegung von Preßbacken in Preßrichtung.The invention relates to a pressing tool, in particular for connecting tubular workpieces, with more than two arcuate pressing jaws which are movable relative to one another in such a way that they can be opened for placement on the workpiece and that they complement one another towards the end of the pressing to form a closed pressing space, and with at least one drive device for moving press jaws in the pressing direction.
Zur Verbindung von Rohrenden werden Kupplungshülsen verwendet, die plastisch verformbar sind und aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus Stahl bestehen. Ihr Innendurchmesser ist um so viel größer als der Außendurchmesser der zu verbindenden Rohrenden, daß sie bei radialer Zusammenpressung bis zum Anliegen an der Mantelfläche der Rohrenden bleibend verformt werden. Nach der DE-PS 1 187 870̸ können solche Kupplungshülsen an ihrer Innenseite in der Nähe jedes Endes zusätzlich eine Ringnut aufweisen, in die ein elastischer Dichtungsring eingelegt ist.Coupling sleeves are used to connect pipe ends, which are plastically deformable and made of metal, preferably steel. Their inner diameter is so much larger than the outer diameter of the pipe ends to be connected that they are permanently deformed in the event of radial compression until they rest against the outer surface of the pipe ends. According to DE-PS 1 187 870̸, such coupling sleeves can additionally have an annular groove on the inside near each end, into which an elastic sealing ring is inserted.
Das radiale Zusammenpressen geschieht mittels Preßwerkzeugen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-PS 21 36 782 bekannt sind. Dieses Preßwerkzeug weist zwei jeweils zweiarmig ausgebildete Klemmbacken auf, von denen wenigstens einer schwenkbar an dem Preßwerkzeug gelagert ist. Die Preßbacken weisen Kreisbogenabschnitte bildende Preßflächen mit gleichen Radien auf, die einen Preßraum einschließen. Statt als Kreisbogenabschnitte können die Preßflächen auch konturiert sein, um beispielsweise einen mehreckigen oder ovalen Preßraum zu bilden.The radial compression takes place by means of pressing tools, as are known for example from DE-PS 21 36 782. This pressing tool has two clamping arms, each with two arms, at least one of which is pivotably mounted on the pressing tool. The press jaws have press surfaces which form circular arc sections and have the same radii, which enclose a press space. Instead of being circular arc sections, the pressing surfaces can also be contoured, for example to form a polygonal or oval pressing space.
Die dem Preßraum entfernt liegenden Arme der Preßbacken können gegen die Wirkung einer Feder gespreizt werden mit der Folge, daß die Preßbacken im Bereich des Preßraums gegeneinander bewegt werden. Das Spreizen geschieht mittels nebeneinander angeordneter und aneinander anliegender Druckrollen, die gemeinsam mittels einer Antriebeseinrichtung in Form eines Arbeitszylinders zwischen die Arme gefahren werden und auf diese Weise die Preßbacken verschwenken.The arms of the press jaws located distant from the press chamber can be spread against the action of a spring, with the result that the press jaws are moved against one another in the region of the press chamber. The spreading takes place by means of pressure rollers which are arranged next to one another and abut one another and which are moved together between the arms by means of a drive device in the form of a working cylinder and in this way pivot the press jaws.
Eine Weiterentwicklung dieses Preßwerkzeuges ist in der DE-OS 34 23 283 beschrieben. Bei diesem Preßwerkzeug sind zwei Preßbacken vorgesehen, die jeweils an einem Antriebshebel schwenkbar gelagert sind, welche wiederum schwenkbar an dem Preßwerkzeug geführt sind. Die Antriebshebel weisen gegenüberliegende Arme auf, die mittels von einem Arbeitszylinder in den Zwischenraum einfahrbaren Druckrollen gespreizt werden können und auf diese Weise die Preßbacken aufeinander zu bewegen. Die Preßbacken sind dabei zusätzlich in Kulissen derart geführt, daß sie beim Verschwenken der Antriebshebel in Öffnungsrichtung um ihre Anlenkpunkte an den Antriebshebeln aufgeschwenkt werden, so daß zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken eine weite, maulartige öffnung entsteht, die die Aufnahme der zu verbindenden Rohrenden bzw. einer Kupplungshülse erleichtert.A further development of this pressing tool is described in DE-OS 34 23 283. In this press tool, two press jaws are provided which are each pivotably mounted on a drive lever, which in turn are pivotably guided on the press tool. The drive levers have opposite arms which can be spread by means of pressure rollers which can be moved into the intermediate space by a working cylinder and in this way move the pressing jaws towards one another. The press jaws are additionally guided in scenes in such a way that when the drive levers are pivoted in the opening direction they are pivoted open about their articulation points on the drive levers, so that a wide, mouth-like opening is formed between the end faces of the press jaws, which accommodates the pipe ends to be connected or a coupling sleeve facilitated.
Beim Verschwenken der Antriebshebel in umgekehrter Richtung werden die Klemmbacken wieder so verschwenkt, daß die Mittelsenkrechten auf ihre Bogenabschnitte in etwa ineinanderfallen und die Klemmbacken beim weiteren Verschwenken der Antriebshebel parallel gegeneinander verschoben werden. Während des Preßvorgangs werden die Klemmbacken weiter gegeneinander bewegt, bis sie am Preßende eine Kreisfläche einschließen und dabei die Rohrenden bzw. die Kupplungshülse entsprechend unter Durchmesserverringerung verformt haben.When pivoting the drive lever in the opposite direction, the clamping jaws are pivoted again so that the perpendicular to their arc sections approximately collapse and the clamping jaws are moved parallel to each other when the drive lever is pivoted further. During the pressing process, the clamping jaws are moved further towards one another until they enclose a circular surface at the end of the press and have deformed the pipe ends or the coupling sleeve accordingly with a reduction in diameter.
Dieses Preßwerkzeug hat sich bewährt, wenn eine nicht zu große Durchmesserverkleinerung bzw. Einpreßtiefe gefordert wird. Bei größeren Einpreßtiefen, die dann erforderlich sind, wenn die Rohrverbindung höheren Innendrücken standhalten soll, ist es empfehlenswert, mehr als zwei Preßbacken vorzusehen, damit es zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken nicht zum Ausbilden von nach außen vorstehenden Stegen kommt, welche ein vollständiges Schließen der Preßbacken verhindern würden. Solche Preßwerkzeuge sind beispielsweise in der DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 und DE-AS 19 0̸7 956 beschrieben. Allen darin offenbarten Preßwerkzeugen ist gemeinsam, daß sämtliche Preßbacken beweglich und in radialer Richtung geführt sind. Dies bedingt aufwendige Führungen und Antriebseinrichtungen, wodurch die Preßwerkzeuge schwer und deshalb schlecht handhabbar und ferner auch teuer sind.This press tool has proven itself if one is not too big Reduction in diameter or press-in depth is required. At greater press-in depths, which are necessary if the pipe connection is to withstand higher internal pressures, it is recommended to provide more than two press jaws so that there is no formation of outwardly projecting webs between the end faces of the press jaws, which leads to a complete closing of the press jaws would prevent. Such pressing tools are described for example in DE-OS 21 18 782, DE-OS 35 13 129, DE-AS 25 11 942 and DE-AS 19 0̸7 956. All pressing tools disclosed therein have in common that all pressing jaws are movable and guided in the radial direction. This requires complex guides and drive devices, which makes the pressing tools difficult and therefore difficult to handle and also expensive.
Der Erfindung liegt demnach die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Preßwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art so zu gestalten, daß es trotz der Anordnung von mehr als zwei Preßbacken möglichst einfach und damit leicht handhabbar ausgebildet sowie kostengünstig herstellbar ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a press tool of the type mentioned in such a way that, despite the arrangement of more than two press jaws, it is as simple as possible and thus easy to handle and can be produced inexpensively.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine der Preßbacken als eine am Werkstück ansetzbares Widerlager ausgebildet ist und daß die übrigen Preßbacken mittels der bzw. den Antriebseinrichtung(en) bewegbar und dabei derart geführt sind, daß sie sich beim Preßvorgang jeweils in Richtung auf den Mittelpunkt des Preßraumes im geschlossenen Zustand des Preßwerkzeuges bewegen, wobei das Widerlager als am freien Ende des Preßwerkzeugs befindlicher Widerlagerbügel ausgebildet ist, der auf einer Seite schwenkbar gelagert ist und der an der gegenüberliegenden Seite lösbar bzw. verriegelbar ist. Dieser Widerlagerbügel kann weggeschwenkt werden, wenn das Preßwerkzeug an die zu verbindenden Rohrenden bzw. an die Kupplungshülse angesetzt wird. Nach Zurückschwenken und Verriegeln können dann die beweglichen Preßbacken mittels der Antriebseinrichtung in Richtung auf das Widerlager bewegt werden. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Preßbacken derart beweglich zueinander geführt sind, daß ihre jeweils benachbart gegenüberliegenden Stirnflächen zu Preßbeginn gleiche Abstände haben.This object is achieved in that one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment which can be attached to the workpiece and that the other press jaws are movable by means of the drive device (s) and are guided in such a way that they each move in the direction of the pressing process Move the center of the press chamber in the closed state of the press tool, the abutment being designed as an abutment bracket located at the free end of the press tool, which is pivotably mounted on one side and which can be released or locked on the opposite side. This abutment bracket can be pivoted away when the pressing tool is attached to the pipe ends to be connected or to the coupling sleeve. After swiveling back and locking, the movable press jaws can then be moved in the direction of the abutment by means of the drive device. It is advisable if the press jaws are guided such that they can move relative to one another in such a way that their respective opposite end faces have the same spacing at the start of the press.
Das Preßwerkzeug nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich durch einfachen Aufbau aus, da eine der Preßbacken als Widerlager ausgebildet ist und somit weder einer Führung noch einer Antriebseinrichtung bedarf. Dabei werden die übrigen Preßbacken so geführt und angetrieben, daß sie sich beim Preßvorgang in ganz bestimmten Richtungen bewegen, und zwar auf den Mittelpunkt des Preßraumes in geschlossenem Zustand des Preßwerkzeuges hin. Dies ist ganz wesentlich dafür, daß auf das Werkstück von allen Seiten gleiche Kräfte wirken.The press tool according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure, since one of the press jaws is designed as an abutment and thus does not require a guide or a drive device. The other pressing jaws are guided and driven so that they move in very specific directions during the pressing process, namely towards the center of the pressing space in the closed state of the pressing tool. This is very important for the same forces acting on the workpiece from all sides.
In Ausbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Preßbacken in Umfangsrichtung gleichlange Kreisbogenabschnitte aufweisen, die Spalte zwischen den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten der Preßbacken also über den Umfang gleichmäßig verteilt sind.In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the press jaws have circular arc sections of equal length in the circumferential direction, that is to say the gaps between the opposite end faces of the press jaws are distributed uniformly over the circumference.
Wenn drei Preßbacken vorgesehen sind, sollten die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden beweglichen Preßbacken einen Winkel von 60̸° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet. Bei vier Preßbacken sollten die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden dem Widerlager benachbarten Preßbacken beim Preßvorgang einen Winkel von 90̸° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet.If three press jaws are provided, the directions of movement of the two movable press jaws should include an angle of 60 °, which is symmetrical to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it. With four press jaws, the directions of movement of the two press jaws adjacent to the abutment should include an angle of 90 ° during the pressing process, which is symmetrical to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die bewegbaren Preßbacken einerseits an durch deren Bewegungsrichtungen vorgebenden Führungseinrichtungen und andererseits an einem in Richtung auf das Widerlager bewegbaren Preßstempel anliegen, der mit der bzw. den Antriebseinrichtung(en) verbunden ist und an dem die dem Widerlager benachbarten Preßbacken verschiebbar gelagert sind. Dabei besteht die Möglichkeit, daß zwischen den zum Preßstempel verschiebbaren Preßbacken eine weitere Preßbacke am Preßstempel anliegt oder mit diesem verbunden ist, die dem Widerlager gegenübersteht. Der Preßstempel ist dabei Teil der Antriebseinrichtung und kann beispielsweise als Hydraulikzylinder ausgebildet oder mit einem solchen verbunden sein. Anstatt eines solchen Preßstempels kann auch für jede bewegliche Preßbacke eine eigene Antriebseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise wiederum jeweils ein Hydraulikzylinder. Dieser kann einen Preß- oder Zugstempel aufweisen.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the movable press jaws rest on the one hand on guide devices which determine their directions of movement and on the other hand on a press ram which is movable in the direction of the abutment and which is connected to the drive device (s) and on which the abutment neighboring press jaws are slidably mounted. There is a possibility that between the press jaws which are displaceable to the press die, a further press jaw rests on the press die or is connected thereto, which faces the abutment. The press ram is part of the drive device and can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic cylinder or connected to one. Instead of such a press ram, a separate drive device can also be provided for each movable press jaw, for example, again a hydraulic cylinder. This can have a press or tension stamp.
In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Preßwerkzeug in Offenstellung und
Figur 2- das Preßwerkzeug gemäß Figur (1) in Schließstellung.
- Figure 1
- a press tool in the open position and
- Figure 2
- the pressing tool according to Figure (1) in the closed position.
In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein Preßwerkzeug 1 dargestellt, und zwar dessen oberes Kopfteil. Es weist ein Werkzeuggehäuse 2 auf, das innen hohl ausgebildet ist und sich nach unten hin zunächst verbreitert und dann konisch zuläuft. Im mittleren Bereich weist es eine U-förmige Ausnehmung 3 auf.1 and 2, a
Die freien Enden der Ausnehmung 3 sind durch einen Widerlagerbügel 4 verbunden. Der Widerlagerbügel 4 ist an seiner in dieser Ansicht rechten Seite um einen Lagerbolzen 5 verschwenkbar gelagert. An der in dieser Ansicht linken Seite ist der Widerlagerbügel 4 über einen Sperrbolzen 6 in der gezeigten Stellung fixiert. Dieser Sperrbolzen 6 geht durch entsprechende Ausnehmungen im Werkzeuggehäuse 2 und im Widerlager 4 und kann leicht entfernt werden. Nach seiner Entfernung kann der Widerlagerbügel 4 um den Lagerbolzen 5 in den Richtungen des Doppelpfeils A verschwenkt werden, und zwar im Uhrzeigersinn so weit, daß die Ausnehmung 3 nach oben hin vollständig geöffnet ist.The free ends of the
Innenseitig hat der Widerlagerbügel 4 eine Preßfläche 7, die Kreisbogenform hat und sich über einen Winkel von 120̸° symmetrisch zur Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 erstreckt. Die Preßfläche 7 hat eine in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende, nach innen offene Nut. Sie kann auswechselbar an dem Widerlagerbügel 4 befestigt sein.On the inside, the abutment bracket 4 has a
Innerhalb des Werkzeuggehäuses 2 verlaufen schräge Führungsflächen 8, 9, die einen Winkel von 60̸° einschließen und spiegelsymmetrisch zur Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 verlaufen. An den Führungsflächen 8, 9 liegen je eine Preßbacke 10̸, 11 an, und zwar über entsprechend geneigte Anlageflächen 12, 13. Die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 sind ebenfalls spiegelsymmetrisch zur Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 ausgebildet und weisen jeweils eine Preßfläche 14, 15 auf, die jeweils als sich über 120̸° erstreckende Kreisbogenabschnitte ausgebildet sind. Innenseitig ist auch in sie eine umlaufende Nut eingeformt. Die Kreisbogenabschnitte sämtlicher Preßflächen 7, 14, 15 haben identische Radien. Die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 ragen untenseitig in eine horizontal und quer zur Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 verlaufende Führungsnut 16 hinein, die in dem Kopf 17 eines Preßstempels 18 eingeformt ist. Die Unterseiten der Preßbacken 10̸, 11 verlaufen ebenfalls horizontal, so daß die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 in der Nut 16 quer zur Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 verschieblich in der Nut 16 geführt sind, und zwar nach Art einer Schwalbenschwanzführung formschlüssig.Within the
In die unteren Abschnitte der Preßbacken 10̸, 11 sind quer verlaufende Sacklöcher 19, 20̸ eingeformt, die koaxial zueinander liegen. In diese Sacklöcher 19, 20̸ ist eine Druckfeder 21 eingesetzt, die bestrebt ist, die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 nach außen und damit über die Anlageflächen 12, 13 an die Führungsflächen 8, 9 zu pressen. Der Preßstempel 18 ist vertikal in Richtung der Längsachse des Preßwerkzeugs 1 (Doppelpfeil B) linear beweglich gelagert. Er wird von einem pneumatisch oder hydraulisch beaufschlagten Arbeitszylinder betätigt, der hier nicht näher dargestellt ist.In the lower sections of the press jaws 10̸, 11 transverse
Für den Gebrauch des Preßwerkzeugs 1 wird zunächst die Verriegelung des Widerlagerbügels 4 mittels des Sperrbolzens 6 gelöst, d. h. dieser Sperrbolzen 6 wird herausgezogen und der Widerlagerbügel 4 im Uhrzeigersinn soweit verschwenkt, bis die gabelförmige Öffnung der Ausnehmung 3 vollständig frei ist. Gleichzeitig befindet sich der Preßstempel 18 in einer nach unten zurückgezogenen Sellung. Das Preßwerkzeug 1 kann dann an eine Kupplungshülse 22 derart angesetzt werden, daß sich die Kupplungshülse 22 senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene durch die Ausnehmung 3 erstreckt und von dieser aufgenommen wird. Dann wird das Widerlager 4 um die Kupplungshülse 22 herumgeschwenkt und durch Einsetzen des Sperrbolzens 6 verriegelt. Die Kupplungshülse 22 ist dann von dem Preßwerkzeug 1 eingeschlossen.To use the
Die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 werden dann durch Hochfahren des Preßstempels 18 an der Kupplungshülse 23 zur Anlage gebracht. Da ihr Radius um die vorgesehene Einpreßtiefe kleiner ist als der Radius der Kupplungshülse 22 vor dem Verpressen, liegen die Preßflächen 7, 14, 15 nur mit ihren äußeren Querkanten an dem Umfang der Kupplungshülse 22 an. Zwischen den Stirnseiten der Preßbacken 10̸, 11 und des Widerlagerbügels 4 sind noch freie Spalte 23, 24, 25, die gleichgroß sind. Die Radien der Kreisbogenabschnitte der Preßflächen 7, 14, 15 gehen von Mittelpunkten aus, die in den Spitzen eines gleichseitigen Dreiecks liegen.The press jaws 10̸, 11 are then brought into contact with the
Durch weitere Druckbeaufschlagung wird nun der Preßstempel 18 nach oben verfahren. Die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 gleiten dabei über ihre Anlageflächen 12, 13 über die Führungsflächen 8, 9, wodurch ihnen eine in die Richtungen der Doppelpfeile C, D verlaufende Bewegungsrichtung aufgeprägt wird. Die beiden Bewegungsrichtungen schließen denselben Winkel ein wie die Führungsflächen 8, 9, d. h. 60̸°. Dabei gleiten die Preßbacken 10̸, 11 in der Nut 16 des Preßstempels 18 gleichzeitig horizontal in Richtung aufeinander zu, und zwar gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 21. Auf diese Weise wird die Kupplungshülse 22 radial gestaucht, d. h. in ihrem Durchmesser um die gewünschte Einpreßtiefe verringert. Am Preßende wird von den Preßflächen 7, 14, 15 ein kreisrunder Preßraum eingeschlossen und haben sich die Spalte 23, 24, 25 auf Null verringert.The
Für das Entfernen des Preßwerkzeugs 1 von der Kupplungshülse 22 wird der Preßstempel 18 wieder zurückgefahren. Der Widerlagerbügel 4 wird nach Entfernen des Sperrbolzens 6 weggeschwenkt, so daß dann das Preßwerkzeug 1 weggenommen werden kann.To remove the
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der Preßbacken (4, 10̸, 11) als ein am Werkstück (22) ansetzbares Widerlager (4) ausgebildet ist und die übrigen Preßbacken (10̸, 11) mittels der bzw. den Antriebseinrichtung(en) bewegbar und dabei derart geführt sind, daß sie sich beim Preßvorgang jeweils in Richtung auf den Mittelpunkt des Preßraumes in geschlossenem Zustand des Preßwerkzeuges (1) bewegen, wobei das Widerlager als am freien Ende des Preßwerkzeugs (1) befindlicher Widerlagerbügel (4) ausgebildet ist, der auf einer Seite schwenkbar gelagert ist und der an der gegenüberliegenden Seite lösbar bzw. verriegelbar ist.Press tool (1), in particular for connecting tubular workpieces (22), with more than two press jaws (4, 10̸, 11) which are movable relative to one another such that they can be opened for placement on the workpiece (22) and that they complement each other towards the end of the press to form a closed press space, and with at least one drive device for moving press jaws (10 (, 11) in the press direction,
characterized in that one of the press jaws (4, 10̸, 11) is designed as an abutment (4) which can be attached to the workpiece (22) and the other press jaws (10̸, 11) can be moved by means of the drive device (s) and thereby in this way are guided that they move during the pressing process in each case in the direction of the center of the pressing chamber in the closed state of the pressing tool (1), the abutment being designed as an abutment bracket (4) located at the free end of the pressing tool (1), which is on one side is pivotally mounted and is releasable or lockable on the opposite side.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Preßbacken (4, 10̸, 11) derart beweglich zueinander geführt sind, daß ihre jeweils benachbart gegenüberliegenden Stirnflächen zu Preßbeginn gleiche Abstände haben.Press tool according to claim 1,
characterized in that the press jaws (4, 10̸, 11) are guided such that they can move relative to one another in such a way that their respective opposite end faces have the same spacing at the start of the press.
dadurch gekennzeichnet; daß die Preßbacken (4, 10̸, 11) in Umfangsrichtung gleichlang ausgebildet sind.Press tool according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized; that the press jaws (4, 10̸, 11) in the circumferential direction are equally trained.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei Preßbacken (4, 10̸, 11) vorgesehen sind und die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden beweglichen Preßbacken (10̸, 11) einen Winkel von 60̸° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager (4) liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet.Press tool according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that three press jaws (4, 10̸, 11) are provided and the directions of movement of the two movable press jaws (10̸, 11) enclose an angle of 60̸ ° which is symmetrical to the perpendicular to the abutment (4) and directed away from it opens.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vier Preßbacken vorgesehen sind, wobei die Bewgungsrichtungen der beiden dem Widerlager benachbarten Preßbacken beim Preßvorgang einen Winkel von 90̸° einschließen, der symmetrisch zur Mittelsenkrechten auf das Widerlager liegt und sich von diesem weggerichtet öffnet.Press tool according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that four pressing jaws are provided, the directions of movement of the two pressing jaws adjacent to the abutment enclosing an angle of 90 ° during the pressing process, which lies symmetrically to the perpendicular to the abutment and opens away from it.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bewegbaren Preßbacken (10̸, 11) einerseits an durch deren Bewegungsrichtungen (C, D) vorgebenden Führungseinrichtungen (8, 9) und andererseits an einem in Richtung auf das Widerlager bewegbaren Preßstempel (18) anliegen, der mit der bzw. den Antriebseinrichtungen verbunden ist und an dem die dem Widerlager (4) benachbarten Preßbacken (10̸, 11) verschiebbar gelagert sind.Press tool according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the movable pressing jaws (10̸, 11) on the one hand rest against guide devices (8, 9) which determine their directions of movement (C, D) and on the other hand against a pressing die (18) which is movable in the direction of the abutment and which the drive devices is connected and on which the abutment (4) adjacent pressing jaws (10̸, 11) are slidably mounted.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den zum Preßstempel (18) verschiebbaren Preßbacken (10̸, 11) eine weitere Preßbacke am Preßstempel (18) anliegt oder mit diesem verbunden ist, die dem Widerlager (4) gegenübersteht.Press tool according to claim 6,
characterized in that between the press jaws (18) displaceable press jaws (10̸, 11) a further press jaw rests on the press die (18) or is connected to it, which faces the abutment (4).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede bewegliche Preßbacke mit einer eigenen Antriebseinrichtung versehen ist.Press tool according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that each movable press jaw is provided with its own drive device.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtungen als in der jeweiligen Bewegungseinrichtung wirksame Preß- oder Zugstempel ausgebildet sind.Press tool according to one of claims 1 to 5 or 8,
characterized in that the drive devices are designed as effective compression or tension punches in the respective movement device.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4011822 | 1990-04-12 | ||
DE4011822 | 1990-04-20 | ||
EP91105662A EP0451806B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91105662A Division EP0451806B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105662.0 Division | 1991-04-10 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0628362A2 true EP0628362A2 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
EP0628362A3 EP0628362A3 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
EP0628362B1 EP0628362B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=6404263
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94110655A Expired - Lifetime EP0628362B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105663A Expired - Lifetime EP0452791B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105662A Expired - Lifetime EP0451806B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110654A Expired - Lifetime EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Family Applications After (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91105663A Expired - Lifetime EP0452791B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP91105662A Expired - Lifetime EP0451806B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
EP94110654A Expired - Lifetime EP0627273B1 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1991-04-10 | Press tool |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5148698A (en) |
EP (4) | EP0628362B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JPH0768329A (en) |
AT (4) | ATE116880T1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2040277C (en) |
DE (5) | DE9007414U1 (en) |
DK (4) | DK0627273T3 (en) |
ES (4) | ES2067077T3 (en) |
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- 1991-04-10 EP EP94110655A patent/EP0628362B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 AT AT91105662T patent/ATE116880T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 DK DK94110654T patent/DK0627273T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DK DK94110655T patent/DK0628362T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59109014T patent/DE59109014D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES91105662T patent/ES2067077T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1991-04-10 ES ES94110654T patent/ES2129089T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 EP EP91105663A patent/EP0452791B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1991-04-10 DE DE59104196T patent/DE59104196D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 DK DK91105663.8T patent/DK0452791T3/en active
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59109090T patent/DE59109090C5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 AT AT94110654T patent/ATE175599T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 DE DE59102895T patent/DE59102895D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES91105663T patent/ES2062596T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 ES ES94110655T patent/ES2119935T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 JP JP3077883A patent/JPH0768329A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-10 JP JP07788491A patent/JP3334892B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1991-04-10 DK DK91105662.0T patent/DK0451806T3/en active
- 1991-04-11 CA CA002040277A patent/CA2040277C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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