DE2511293A1 - COMPONENT, IN PARTICULAR LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL - Google Patents

Description

Component, especially lightweight panel

The invention relates to a component, in particular a lightweight panel, in the form of a body having pores.

It has been found that prefabricated outer walls that have particularly good thermal insulation, often are not suitable for living rooms and lounges. Such walls allow uncomfortably high room temperatures in summer, so that a climate is established in the rooms which is similar to that in a barrack. It has therefore chosen for such climatic spatial conditions in the professional world the expression "barrack climate" developed.

To remedy this, it is recommended to return to solid construction with heavy building materials, which have a comparatively high level of heat storage exhibit. However, if you go back to solid construction with heavy building materials, the advantages of

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Prefabrication and prefabrication lost. In addition, the high weights make it difficult to handle Design and limit the transport radius so decisively that the series size required for profitability cannot be reached.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a component, in particular a lightweight panel, which has the shortcomings of the previously known Does not have prefabricated components, but exclusively manufactured according to their climate function, but also clearly all other requirements is optimally designed.

To better illustrate the principle of the invention, reference must be made to some principles:

Investigations have shown that the factor "fa = [X /, f · c ', which describes the climate function, is dependent on the material density within a certain spread for all mineral building materials

a thermal diffusivity

λ thermal conductivity

? Material density

C specific heat.

The thermal diffusivity reaches in the density range

200 kg / m ^, P £ 800 kg / m ³

is the minimum and remains almost constant in this specified range. Above a value of f = 800 kg / m, the thermal diffusivity a and thus also "] a 'for heavy building materials increases in an unfavorable manner. Below the value 9 = 200 kg / vr , the range of insulation materials begins, in which the thermal diffusivity a with decreasing density and decreasing thermal conductivity asymptotically approaches the high value of air.

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These investigations prove that rooms that are perceived to be climatically pleasant on the outside walls are by no means what So far it has generally been claimed that the heavy building material with large heat storage is cheap, but on the contrary a lightweight construction material in the density range

200 kg / m ³ pounds f 800 kg / m ^{3 pounds}

This range has low thermal conductivity values A. and thus high insulation values the minimum of thermal diffusivity.

The considerations on which the invention is based also include those relating to sufficient compressive strength to employ. Above a density of J * = 300 kg / m, particularly high compressive strengths are practically only achieved by foam glass or foam ceramic achieved. The compressive strengths are higher at the same density if the pores of the Foam bodies are small and evenly distributed.

For density values of./* = 300 kg / nr are compressive strengths from 20 to 25 kp / cm possible. The lower limit for the density is apparently here for components subject to static loads.

As the density increases, the strength increases, but so does the thermal conductivity. It is therefore advisable to set the upper limit of the density at ^ = 600 kg / nr.

The area of interest for the purposes of the invention is thus included

300 kg / m ³ £ ρ t> 600 kg / m ^{3 in} terms of the density of a component.

Another requirement that must be met in a component that has the properties specified above is

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251 I 293

the mortar compatibility. Here a building material is eliminated that was previously considered suitable has been designated, namely foam glass. Foam glass is generally when an inexpensive product is achieved should not be sufficiently compatible with mortar. Foam ceramics, on the other hand, can be mixed with all common mortars processed and also has due to the approx. 200 higher transformation point compared to foam glass the advantage of better fire resistance.

However, foam ceramics, like foam glass, are comparative sensitive to impact and impact.

The invention solves the problem shown in that the porous body is such a foam ceramic, the at least is provided on one side with a top layer of glass fiber reinforced cement.

The foam ceramic body is advantageously surrounded on all sides by the cover layer made of glass fiber reinforced cement.

The shell or cover layers made of glass fiber reinforced cement perfectly protect the foam ceramic core against impact and shock.

The density of the ceramic foam core can be chosen without difficulty so that it is in the range of 200 to 800 kg / m, preferably 300 to 600 kg / m 2, so that with sufficient strength the minimum of the thermal diffusivity and the lowest possible thermal conductivity can be achieved without difficulty. Preferably the Thickness of the top layer or shell maximum 12 to 15 mm.

Another advantage of the coating or sheathing is that it also increases the strength properties can be increased so that one can go over to the lower densities of the foam ceramic core without difficulty and thus a lower thermal conductivity of the component

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Further advantages of the component according to the invention result from the fact that it has a comparatively low capillarity. It has high resistance to water vapor diffusion resistant to moisture, rot, the action of rodents and other pests. It is incombustible and with the Compatible with common mortars. It has a low weight and thus facilitates handling and prefabricated construction. In the end it has adequate sound insulation.

The drawing shows three exemplary embodiments for an inventive one Component, the dimensions of which can be chosen arbitrarily, so that any type of prefabricated component from this component can be created.

1 is a schematic representation of a section from a component according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a modification of the component according to FIG. and

Fig. 3 shows a further modified embodiment.

In Fig. 1, 1 shows a body made of foam ceramic with largely closed pores. Under the term "Foam ceramics" are generally more foamed and fired Sound understood.

2 means a top layer made of glass fiber reinforced cement, preferably up to a maximum thickness of 15 mm. 2a is a further cover layer of this type possibly attached to the back of the ceramic foam core.

Glass fiber reinforced cement is understood to mean conventional mortars with mixed in or inlaid alkali-resistant, i.e. H. Mortar-compatible glass fiber staple fibers or glass fiber infinite fibers or glass fiber fabrics. The advantage of such fiberglass reinforced. Cement is due to its high tensile and bending

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strength, in the high impact strength of the large Elongation at break and in the low tendency to crack.

Fig. 2 shows a modification. Here at least two ceramic foam cores 1 and 1a are provided on which cover layers 2 and 2a are applied. In this embodiment there is another one between the ceramic foam cores 1 and 1a Layer of glass fiber reinforced cement, which is indicated by 3. So it can be according to the principle of the invention, the component, For example, a lightweight panel can also be made in several parts, the two-part structure shown in FIG. 2 is only one exemplary embodiment and can be converted into any desired multipart form.

From Fig. 3 you can again see the ceramic foam core 1 and the two cover layers 2 and 2a, but here on the Front side of the ceramic foam body 1, as indicated at 4 are drawn. According to this embodiment, if necessary additional glass fibers 5, for example in the form of a fabric drawn over the end face and in the end region of the Cover layers 2, 2a are anchored.

Of course, the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown schematically. The components can be any shape of a lightweight panel with built-in windows or door openings or molded base parts etc. have.

- Patent claims: -

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Claims (7)

J after hearing the patent claims Q \ J) Construction element, in particular lightweight panel in the form of a pore-containing body, characterized in that the porous body is one made of foam ceramic (1) which is provided on at least one side with a cover layer (2, 2a) made of glass fiber reinforced cement. 2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam ceramic body (1) on all sides is surrounded by the cover layer (2, 2a, 3, 4). 3. The component according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the ceramic foam body is in several parts (1, 1a) is formed and the parts (1, 1a) are delimited from one another by cover layer material (3). 4. Components according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layer (4) running over the end faces is particularly reinforced by further glass fiber inserts (5). 5. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam ceramic body has a density in the range from 200 to 800 kg / m 2, preferably from 300 to 600 kg / m 2. 6. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a compressive strength in the order of magnitude of at least 20 to 25 kp / cm ² . 7. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the top layer is up to a maximum of 15 mm. 6 0 3 8 3 9/017 U Blank page