DE1609312A1 - Building panel made of bound mineral fibers - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney.

Dr. H. Weissenfeld

6? Ludwigshafen on the Rhine

1)

November 9, 1970 AP Dr «W-ho

File number:
P.16 09 512.2-25

Applicant: GRÖNZWEIG & HARTMANN AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT 67 Ludwigshafen am Rhein "

Building panel made of bound mineral fibers

The invention relates to a building board made of bound Mineral fibers that are provided with an air-impermeable cover layer on one side and their fiber structure has the following characteristics:

a) Degree of porosity: --'- 70-Ji

b) Length-specific flow resistance:

50-250 (Rayl cm " ¹ )

c). Skin weight: - 200 (kp m "" *)

d) Tensile strength * - 20 (kp cm "" ² )

-2

e) Flexural strength i 2 20 (kp cm ")

f) Compression at a load of 4 kp / cm:

'. - ■ - • '' s

New documents (Art, Til Abs. 2 Nr.I Satt 3 des Amendment «) · * v.4, a 1967 |

ORIGSNAi INSPECTED

- 2 - P 450 D

The possible uses of such sound and heat insulating Buaplatten, especially in the field of prefabricated house construction, however, are affected by the mechanical Limited slip properties of the plate. The permissible load-bearing capacity of the plate corresponds, in particular, to the construction of prefabricated house floors not always the conditions that are placed on a floor design that meets all requirements. have to.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of mechanical properties of the bonded fiber material without the use of additional amounts of binder and without increasing the density.

According to the invention, this is achieved in a building board made of bound mineral fibers with the properties described at the outset in that at least 90 % of its fibers with an average fiber diameter of 5-7 / u are oriented in a direction parallel to the plane of the board up to 800 kg / m ^{5 has} the following properties:

1. Tensile strength in fiber direction: 20-150 (kp / cm)

2. Flexural strength in the fiber direction: 20 - 180 (kp / cm ² ) 3 thermal conductivity perpendicular to the panel surface at 20 ⁰ C: 0.03 to 0.07 (kcal / mh degree)

and that with a binder content of the fiber structure below 8% by weight phenol-formaldehyde resin to achieve a 10 # compression perpendicular to the grain direction of a pressure load dependent on the rough weight of 1-60 (kp / cm) required.

103829/0245

- 3 .-. Ν ρ 450

Due to the stressed structure of the building board you can This means that strength values can be achieved even with only low floor weights that make the panel suitable for use as a self-supporting wall and floor component for prefabricated houses with high thermal insulation properties and in the process, significant savings in common insulation materials such as synthetic foams and the like lead, and at the same time ensure a simplified assembly of the individual components.

The invention also proposes a building board made of bound Mineral fibers, whose fibers are either continuous or are arranged in groups alternating in two directions at an angle of 90 °, where the ratio the fiber proportions of both angular positions are 1: 1 to 0.5 target*

In a continuation of the invention, it is particularly advantageous to use building boards as pressure-resistant floor structures, which are characterized in that their fiber components are aligned approximately one half perpendicular and the other half parallel to the plane of the board -% to achieve a 2 % compression in the normal direction of the plate requires a pressure load of 5 to 300 (kp / cm).

In a further development of the invention, all fibers can also be oriented perpendicular to the plane of the board with a binder content of the fiber layer of 2% , which means that compressive strengths of 10 to about 500 (kp / cm) are necessary to achieve a 2% compression of the board in the fiber direction.

103829/0245

- 4 - P 450 D

In general, however, at least in the latter case, it is necessary to include the bonded mineral fiber layer a second cover layer made of materials known per se, such as plastic sheets or foils, plaster of paris, cardboard, metal foil or the like, through which a stronger cohesion of the plate is achieved with a predominantly vertical alignment of the fibers to the plane of the plate.

In one of these possible embodiments, for example in a further embodiment of the invention for purposes of application in which a higher value is placed on good sound-absorbing and / or insulating properties is placed, a cover layer made of a porous or perforated plastic film exist and thus have a low flow resistance, while a gfs. on the other side of the plate arranged second cover layer can be designed as an insulating layer.

In a further development of the subject matter of the invention, it is of course also possible to have several of the same or Add differently structured building boards to form composite systems with which, especially in the case of both sides Boards provided with a top layer, achieve special properties through the selection of suitable materials permit.

In one of these embodiments, two building panels Via a mineral fiber fleece with a low volume weight, the fibers of which are oriented in the direction of the surface normal of the plate are connected, whereby the composite system is given an increased compressive strength. In this way it is possible

29/0 245

- 5 - P 450 D

However, construction elements with a higher spatial weight are extremely high to create lower thermal conductivity due to their increased compressive strength "are accessible, if necessary with Floor coverings can be provided and as insulated prefabricated floors, for example in the form of cut-to-size Sheets that are easy to transport and lay.

For the building panels designed according to the invention thus in analogy to the already known foamed sheets provided with similar cover layers Styrene polymers with approximately the same thermal insulation properties and low manufacturing costs, significantly higher mechanical strengths. The claimed building board is also much more resistant to punctiform pressure loads than, for example, that for the purposes known foam sheets based on polystyrene.

In a further possible embodiment of the inventive concept, the claimed building board can also be on one side be provided with a loosely bound mineral fiber fleece with a density of less than 200 (kg / m.), whereby their use as a sound-absorbing prefabricated floor is guaranteed »The top layer can in this case on the other Side be applied in the form of a floor covering.

Further details of the invention are from the following the graphic representations and their description.

Show it:

1 shows a perspective view of a building board with a cover layer with the fibers arranged in a direction parallel to the plane of the board. 10 9829/024 5

ι buy j iz

»Β - P 450 D

FIG. 2 shows a building board as in FIG. 1 only with an alternating arrangement of the fibers in two preferred directions and Formation of the top layer as parquet flooring.

3 shows a building board as in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the formation of two cover layers from one air-permeable and an air-impermeable Konstoff film.

In Fig. 1, the building board consists of a bound Mineral fiber layer 1, which is made with a top layer 2 a rigid, non-porous material such as plaster of paris, glass fiber reinforced Synthetic resin, plastic sheets, veneers or the like is provided. The individual fibers 3 are oriented parallel to the plane of the plate and have their highest strength values in this direction. The main ones Such panels are used primarily in prefabricated house construction and in the furniture industry.

In Fig. 2, a building board for production is more pressure-resistant Ready-made floors shown, which can be delivered in prefabricated cuts.

The individual fibers 3a, b of the bonded fibrous material layer 1 are in this case alternating in groups Oriented both perpendicular and parallel to the plane of the plate and have their highest strength values in these directions. The arrangement of floor coverings, such as parquet, Tiles or the like as cover layer materials 2, such panels can be used while saving further insulating means can be used as pressure-resistant base parts.

109829/02

- 7 - P 450 D

In FIG. 3, the subject matter of the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a bonded mineral fiber layer 1, which in this case is a cover layer 2, with a porous or
perforated plastic film provided and is thus made sound-permeable. The other side of the fiber layer is covered with a non-porous support 4, which can consist of both a flexible and a solid material. Due to the low flow resistance of the fiber material, medium sound absorption levels between 30 and 90 dB in the frequency range of 100 - 3200 Hz can be achieved with panels of this type, depending on the volume weight of the fiber structure.

Claims (8)

Claims, P 450 D 11/9/1970 AP Dr.W-ho file number: P 16 09 312.2-25 1. Building board made of bound mineral fibers with a degree of rustiness - 70 % _t a length-specific flow resistance 50 - 250 (Rayl cm ~ 1), a density of ^ 200 (kp m ~ "^), a tensile strength of - 20 (kp cm"), a flexural strength of (kp cm "), a compression of - 15 % a load of 4 kp / cm top layer, characterized in that at least 90 % of the fibers are oriented in a direction parallel to the plane of the board, and have an average fiber diameter of 5 - 7 / u, that the fiber structure with a rough weight of 200 - 800 ( kg / m) has the following properties: 1. Tensile strength in fiber direction: 20 to 150 (kp / cm ² ) 2. Flexural strength in fiber direction: 20 to 180 (kp / cm ² ) 3. Thermal conductivity perpendicular to the fiber direction: 0.03 to 0.07 (kcal / m h degree) and that to achieve a 10 % compression of the fiber structure perpendicular to the fiber direction with a binder content of less than 8% by weight phenol-formaldehyde resin, pressure loads of 1-60 (kp / cm) are necessary. 2. Building board according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fibers have a mean Durohmesser of 5 - 7 / u, and a length of 1 to 5 cm, 1098 2 9/0 2 h 5 New Un ierlaget I (Art. 7 s ι Para. 2 No. 1 sentence 3 of the amendment date. 4. 9. 609312 --er -. ■ "■ -. ρ 450 ρ S. Patent claims with an average length of 2 cm, have and either continuously or in groups alternating in two preferred angular positions are arranged at an angle of about 90 °, the ratio of the fiber proportions of both Directions is 0: 5 to 1: 1. 3. Building board according to claim 2, characterized in that about half of the fiber portions are perpendicular and the other half parallel to the plane of the board and that the fiber structure formed with a binder content of a maximum of 5% to achieve a 2% compression in the normal direction of the board a pressure load of 5 - 300 (kp / cm ² ) is required. 4. Building site according to claim 2, characterized in that 1. the fibers of which are arranged perpendicular to the plane of the plate, 2. The fiber structure up to 2% by weight of binder contains, and 3. to achieve a 2% compression in Fiber direction a pressure load of 10 to about 500 (kp / cm) is necessary. 5. Building board according to claim 1 to k, characterized in that at least one cover layer consists of materials known per se, such as plastic, plaster of paris, cardboard, metal foil, floor coverings or the like or combinations thereof. 6. Building board according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with a cover layer made of a porous or perforated plastic film is provided. 109829/0245 P 450 D 'claims 7. Building board according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that this is provided with a cover layer on both sides. 8. Building board according to claim 5, characterized in that it is bound on one side with a 3-ocher Fiber fleece, the fibers of which gfs. are arranged perpendicular to the plane of the fleece, while on the other . Plate side a known floor covering is applied. . 109829/02 4 5 ff Blank page