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EP1596021B1 - Wall element with a layer of clay or loam - Google Patents

Wall element with a layer of clay or loam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1596021B1
EP1596021B1 EP05010580A EP05010580A EP1596021B1 EP 1596021 B1 EP1596021 B1 EP 1596021B1 EP 05010580 A EP05010580 A EP 05010580A EP 05010580 A EP05010580 A EP 05010580A EP 1596021 B1 EP1596021 B1 EP 1596021B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall element
clay
formwork
layer
element according
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EP05010580A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1596021A2 (en
EP1596021A3 (en
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Edmond Dominique Krecké
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Individual
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Publication of EP1596021A3 publication Critical patent/EP1596021A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall or formwork element with a loam or clay layer.
  • the wall element is therefore provided on the one hand as a wall, on the other hand, the wall element can also be used as a formwork element, for example, for the Mantelbetonbauweise.
  • a heat-insulating shuttering element is in particular from the DE 3405736 A1 known with hard foam layers.
  • walls with clay fillings For example, describes the DE 201 20 365 a formwork stone wall with loam and straw filling. From the DE 4 215 081 is a clay construction wall element with a support frame and a filling of light clay known.
  • the documents GB 626,355 which represents the closest prior art, and DE 197 14 626 A1 show wall elements, serve each two opposing elements are connected by means of spacers.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alternative wall element using a formwork element. Furthermore, the wall element should provide a good room climate, be easy to manufacture and be environmentally friendly both in terms of production and in terms of use. It is particularly advantageous that the wall made with the shuttering element has an extremely good thermal and acoustic insulation.
  • a formwork or wall element comprising at least two panels is provided as well as specified in claim 1.
  • the clay or clay layer has the advantage that it can absorb high levels of moisture. As a result, the humidity in a room is kept relatively constant.
  • clay is suitable to absorb pollutants from the air.
  • clay has huge environmental benefits. It can be dried in the air, which causes no CO 2 emissions. The particular soundproofing effects are achieved in the clay not only by its relatively high specific gravity, but also by its soft damping structure, which reduces vibrations of the wall.
  • a continuous cavity is arranged between the layers or two composite layers.
  • the continuous cavity can be filled with concrete, for example, while previously fluid-carrying lines can be introduced into the continuous cavity, by means of which the filled concrete layer can be tempered. Due to the continuous cavity, only the holding elements extend before assembly. After the assembly of the formwork elements is in particular also provided to introduce a reinforcement in the cavity, which forms a static bearing structural layer together with concrete.
  • the wall element has a heat insulating layer on at least one side, in particular a hard foam layer.
  • a heat insulating layer on at least one side, in particular a hard foam layer.
  • the clay or clay-containing layer is part of a multi-layer laminate.
  • a combined hard foam layer which has both heat-insulating and sound-insulating properties.
  • on the inside of the wall offers a clay layer.
  • a clay layer can be provided, which is additionally provided with a layer of a weather-resistant material, for example with a plaster layer.
  • the layers are glued together.
  • As an adhesive particularly advantageous while water glass has proven that at the same time in Particularly advantageously, as an additive of the clay or clay-containing layer can be added, whereby this layer gets water-repellent insecticidal and fungicidal properties and is more weather resistant.
  • the clay or clay layer has a clay content of at least 50%, more preferably more than 70% and particularly sound insulating properties, the layer has a clay or clay content of over 90%.
  • the layer has been found that already a share of 50% is sufficient to achieve adequate sound insulating properties.
  • the wall element for securing position grooves and springs can be secured in its position, for example, to other wall elements.
  • the wall elements can be plugged into each other.
  • the clay or clay-containing layer has a thickness of at least 2 cm. It has been found that at lower thicknesses, the sound-absorbing properties are only unsatisfactory. For layer thicknesses over 5 cm, the wall element meets the requirements of DIN 4109 with regard to sound insulation.
  • the sides of the wall element on the inside latching for receiving the holding elements can then in turn have bearing surfaces which are designed as counterparts to these latching points. It is thus possible to easily assemble the wall elements according to the invention.
  • a continuous cavity can be formed by the holding elements.
  • the connecting elements are webs, in particular metal webs.
  • webs are also understood to mean wires.
  • Such metal webs or wires are particularly cost-effective, in addition, the webs can also be part of a reinforcement, in particular if the wall element is designed as a formwork element.
  • a monolitic layer ie a support layer consisting only of concrete, is formed after the filling of the continuous hollow space. This property is particularly advantageous in the European EOTA approval, since this layer has the same properties throughout.
  • the webs are connected by means of a plug connection with a layer.
  • a connector for example, a T-cross or a hook can be provided.
  • the layer containing clay or clay has baked clay or fired clay. So the clay or clay layer can get a ceramic structure and is therefore special Insensitive to weathering, in particular, the use of such a layer in the wet area offers.
  • the continuous cavity is filled with concrete in the form of a formwork element wall element and has approximately centrally tubes or continuous hollow chambers.
  • wooden battens may be inserted into the cavity which are pulled out prior to setting of the concrete. So remaining hollow cavities extending from top to bottom can serve to carry out a fluid, which in turn allows the formation of a temperature barrier.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a formwork element 1 according to the invention, which can be used in particular as a sound-insulating inner wall.
  • the wall element 1 has an outer side 2 and an inner side 3.
  • both outer side 2 and inner side 3 are made of one Clay layer, each formed from a clay plate shaped. Further layers are not provided.
  • the holding elements 4 are formed as webs and have at the edge contact surfaces, which are designed so that they form the counterpart of a locking point (not visible) in the clay layers 2, 3. Alternatively, it is provided to glue the contact surfaces 5 on the clay layers. Between the two layers 2, 3 a continuous cavity 12 is provided, through which only the holding elements 4 extend.
  • the through cavity 12 may be provided after assembly with conduits for carrying a fluid (not shown), for example air or water, and then filled with concrete.
  • a fluid for example air or water
  • the wall element according to the invention can be tempered.
  • the layer filled with concrete can serve as a temperature barrier.
  • the layer filled with concrete which can additionally be provided with a reinforcement (not visible), forms a static bearing layer of the wall.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a schematic sectional view of a wall element according to the invention, designed here as an outer wall.
  • a wall element designed here as an outer wall.
  • clay layers 2, 3 on the inside and outside of two insulating layers 6, 7 are provided from a rigid foam material.
  • the clay layer 3 forms the end of the wall, while on the outside, a plaster layer 8 is additionally provided.
  • a plaster layer 8 is additionally provided at the hard foam layers 6, 7 outside and inside are connected via holding elements 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a wall element 1 according to the invention, designed as a formwork element.
  • This clay layer 2 is connected via holding elements 4, which are formed here as metal webs, with a layer of NEOPOR 3, so that a cavity 12 is formed by the webs.
  • the clay layer 2 is formed by a pressed clay plate.
  • the wall element 1 and has grooves 10 and springs 9, over which the individual wall elements can be stacked on each other and are secured against displacement.
  • the hard foam layer 3 consists of a structure with cavities 11.
  • the embodiment is designed as a formwork element, the through cavity 12 is filled with concrete, for example. Furthermore, it is provided to provide the continuous cavity 12 before filling with concrete with fluid-carrying lines. Thus, the filled continuous cavity 12 at the same time serve the room temperature.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a wall element according to the invention, also formed as a formwork element.
  • the wall element has two layers of clay 2, 3, which are also formed from pressed clay plates.
  • the clay layers or clay plates 2, 3 are connected to each other via plug-in holding elements 4.
  • the clay plates on the inside of a structuring which serves a better connection with the concrete after filling.
  • Fig. 5 also shows a plan view of a wall element according to the invention here also designed as a formwork element, in particular for an outer wall. You can see the individual wall elements 1 as in Fig. 4 , which are also connected via connecting webs 4 with the other wall side.
  • On one wall side is one thermally insulating hard foam layer 3 is provided, which is constructed honeycomb-shaped for a higher rigidity, so having cavities 11. Again, both the clay plates and the hard foam elements are structured on the inside to be able to better contact with the concrete after filling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Shell or wall element (1) comprises a layer (2) containing clay and/or loam joined to a further layer (3) via holding elements (4). Preferred Features: A hollow chamber (12) is formed between the layers. A heat insulating layer, preferably a hard foam layer, is arranged on at least one side of the wall element. The layer containing clay and/or loam is part of several layers forming a layer composite. The layers are adhered together.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wand- beziehungsweise Schalungselement mit einer Lehm- oder Tonschicht. Das Wandelement ist also zum einen als Wand vorgesehen, zum anderen kann das Wandelement auch als Schalungselement, beispielsweise für die Mantelbetonbauweise verwendet werden.The invention relates to a wall or formwork element with a loam or clay layer. The wall element is therefore provided on the one hand as a wall, on the other hand, the wall element can also be used as a formwork element, for example, for the Mantelbetonbauweise.

Eine wärmedämmendes Schalungselement ist insbesondere aus der DE 3405736 A1 mit Hartschaumschichten bekannt.A heat-insulating shuttering element is in particular from the DE 3405736 A1 known with hard foam layers.

Weiterhin bekannt sind Wände mit Lehmfüllungen. So beschreibt beispielsweise die DE 201 20 365 eine Schalungssteinwand mit Lehm- und Strohfüllung.
Aus der DE 4 215 081 ist ein Lehmbau-Wandelement mit einem Traggerippe und einer Füllung aus Leichtlehm bekannt. Die Dokumente GB 626,355 , welches den nächstliegenden Stand der Technik darstellt, und DE 197 14 626 A1 zeigen Wandelemente, bei dienen jeweils zwei sich gegenüberliegende Elemente mittels Abstandshaltern verbunden sind.Also known are walls with clay fillings. For example, describes the DE 201 20 365 a formwork stone wall with loam and straw filling.
From the DE 4 215 081 is a clay construction wall element with a support frame and a filling of light clay known. The documents GB 626,355 , which represents the closest prior art, and DE 197 14 626 A1 show wall elements, serve each two opposing elements are connected by means of spacers.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein alternatives Wandelement unter Verwendung eines Schalungselements zu schaffen. Weiterhin soll das Wandelement für ein gutes Raumklima sorgen, einfach herzustellen sein und sowohl hinsichtlich Herstellung als auch hinsichtlich Gebrauch umweltverträglich sein. Von besonderem Vorteil ist, dass die mit dem Schalungselement hergestellte Wand eine äußerst gute Wärme- und Schalldämmung hat.The invention has for its object to provide an alternative wall element using a formwork element. Furthermore, the wall element should provide a good room climate, be easy to manufacture and be environmentally friendly both in terms of production and in terms of use. It is particularly advantageous that the wall made with the shuttering element has an extremely good thermal and acoustic insulation.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Schalungs- bzw. Wandelement gemäß Anspruch 1 erreicht.This object is achieved by a formwork or wall element according to claim 1.

Ausführungsbeispiele und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Embodiments and further developments of the invention are to be taken from the respective subclaims.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist ein zumindest zwei Platten umfassendes Schalungs- oder Wandelement vorgesehen, sowie im Anspruch 1 angegeben. Neben der guten Schalldämmung hat die Lehm- oder Tonschicht den Vorteil, dass sie hohe Feuchtigkeitsmengen aufnehmen kann. Dadurch wird die Luftfeuchte in einem Raum relativ konstant gehalten. Darüber hinaus ist Lehm geeignet, Schadstoffe aus der Luft aufzunehmen. Auch hat Lehm sehr große ökologische Vorteile. Er kann an der Luft getrocknet werden, wodurch keine CO2-Emissionen verursacht werden. Die besonderen Schalldämmeffekte werden beim Lehm nicht nur durch sein relativ hohes spezifisches Gewicht, sondern auch durch seine weiche dämpfende Struktur erreicht, die Schwingungen der Wand verringert.According to the invention, a formwork or wall element comprising at least two panels is provided as well as specified in claim 1. In addition to the good sound insulation, the clay or clay layer has the advantage that it can absorb high levels of moisture. As a result, the humidity in a room is kept relatively constant. In addition, clay is suitable to absorb pollutants from the air. Also, clay has huge environmental benefits. It can be dried in the air, which causes no CO 2 emissions. The particular soundproofing effects are achieved in the clay not only by its relatively high specific gravity, but also by its soft damping structure, which reduces vibrations of the wall.

Bei einer der Erfindung ist zwischen den Schichten beziehungsweise zwei Schichtverbänden ein durchgehender Hohlraum angeordnet. Ist das Wandelement als Schalungselement ausgebildet, kann der durchgehende Hohlraum beispielsweise mit Beton verfüllt werden, dabei können vorher auch fluidführende Leitungen in den durchgehenden Hohlraum eingebracht werden, mittels der die ausgefüllte Betonschicht temperiert werden kann. Durch den durchgehenden Hohlraum erstrecken sich vor der Montage nur die Halteelemente. Nach der Montage der Schalungselemente ist insbesondere auch vorgesehen, in den Hohlraum eine Armierung einzubringen, die zusammen mit Beton eine statische tragende Konstruktionsschicht bildet.In one of the invention, a continuous cavity is arranged between the layers or two composite layers. Is the wall element as Formed formwork element, the continuous cavity can be filled with concrete, for example, while previously fluid-carrying lines can be introduced into the continuous cavity, by means of which the filled concrete layer can be tempered. Due to the continuous cavity, only the holding elements extend before assembly. After the assembly of the formwork elements is in particular also provided to introduce a reinforcement in the cavity, which forms a static bearing structural layer together with concrete.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Wandelement zumindest auf einer Seite eine Wärmeisolierschicht auf, insbesondere eine Hartschaumschicht. So ist es möglich, ein kombiniertes Wandelement aus einer Leichtbauwand, beispielsweise aus NEOPOR, die besonders gute Wärmedämmfähigkeiten hat, und einer Schall isolierenden Lehmschicht bereitzustellen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall element has a heat insulating layer on at least one side, in particular a hard foam layer. Thus, it is possible to provide a combined wall element made of a lightweight wall, for example of NEOPOR, which has particularly good thermal insulation capabilities, and a sound-insulating clay layer.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Lehm oder Ton beinhaltende Schicht Teil eines mehrere Schichten umfassenden Schichtverbunds. Beispielsweise kann so auf einer Seite der Wand eine kombinierte Hartschaumlehmschicht vorgesehen sein, die sowohl wärmedämmende als auch schalldämmende Eigenschaften besitzt. Insbesondere auf der Innenseite der Wand bietet sich eine Lehmschicht an. Auf der Außenseite der Wand kann beispielsweise eine Lehmschicht vorgesehen sein, die zusätzlich mit einer Schicht aus einem wetterresistenten Material, beispielsweise mit einer Putzschicht versehen ist.According to the invention, the clay or clay-containing layer is part of a multi-layer laminate. For example, it is thus possible to provide on one side of the wall a combined hard foam layer which has both heat-insulating and sound-insulating properties. In particular, on the inside of the wall offers a clay layer. On the outside of the wall, for example, a clay layer can be provided, which is additionally provided with a layer of a weather-resistant material, for example with a plaster layer.

Die Schichten sind miteinander verklebt. Als Kleber besonders vorteilhaft hat sich dabei Wasserglas erwiesen, das gleichzeitig auch in besonders vorteilhafter Weise als Additiv der Lehm oder Ton beinhaltenden Schicht zugesetzt werden kann, wodurch diese Schicht wasserabweisende insektizide und fungizide Eigenschaften bekommt und witterungsbeständiger ist.The layers are glued together. As an adhesive particularly advantageous while water glass has proven that at the same time in Particularly advantageously, as an additive of the clay or clay-containing layer can be added, whereby this layer gets water-repellent insecticidal and fungicidal properties and is more weather resistant.

Bevorzugterweise hat die Lehm- oder Tonschicht einen Lehmbeziehungsweise Tonanteil von mindestens 50 %, noch besser über 70 % und besonders schalldämmende Eigenschaften weist die Schicht bei einem Lehm- oder Tonanteil von über 90 % auf. Es hat sich aber herausgestellt, dass bereits ein Anteil von 50 % ausreichend ist, um hinreichende schalldämmende Eigenschaften zu erreichen.Preferably, the clay or clay layer has a clay content of at least 50%, more preferably more than 70% and particularly sound insulating properties, the layer has a clay or clay content of over 90%. However, it has been found that already a share of 50% is sufficient to achieve adequate sound insulating properties.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist das Wandelement zur Lagesicherung Nuten und Federn auf. Über diese Nuten und Federn kann das erfindungsgemäße Wandelement in seiner Lage, beispielsweise zu anderen Wandelementen gesichert werden. Die Wandelemente können so ineinander gesteckt werden.In a further development of the invention, the wall element for securing position grooves and springs. About these grooves and springs wall element of the invention can be secured in its position, for example, to other wall elements. The wall elements can be plugged into each other.

Bevorzugterweise hat die Lehm oder Ton beinhaltende Schicht eine Dicke von mindestens 2 cm. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass bei geringeren Schichtstärken die schalldämmenden Eigenschaften nur unbefriedigend sind. Bei Schichtdicken über 5 cm erfüllt das Wandelement hinsichtlich der Schalldämmung die Anforderung nach DIN 4109.Preferably, the clay or clay-containing layer has a thickness of at least 2 cm. It has been found that at lower thicknesses, the sound-absorbing properties are only unsatisfactory. For layer thicknesses over 5 cm, the wall element meets the requirements of DIN 4109 with regard to sound insulation.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weisen die Seiten des Wandelementes innenseitig Einraststellen zur Aufnahme der Halteelemente auf. Die Halteelemente können dann ihrerseits Anlageflächen aufweisen, die als Gegenstück zu diesen Einraststellen ausgebildet sind. So ist es möglich, die erfindungsgemäßen Wandelemente leicht zusammenzustecken. Insbesondere kann durch die Halteelemente ein durchgehender Hohlraum gebildet werden.In a further development of the invention, the sides of the wall element on the inside latching for receiving the holding elements. The holding elements can then in turn have bearing surfaces which are designed as counterparts to these latching points. It is thus possible to easily assemble the wall elements according to the invention. In particular, a continuous cavity can be formed by the holding elements.

Besonders vorteilhaft für diese Bauweise haben sich Halteelemente aus Beton erwiesen.Particularly advantageous for this construction, retaining elements made of concrete have proven.

Insbesondere bei Halteelementen aus Beton ist alternativ auch eine Verklebung der Halteelemente mit den Schichten von Vorteil.In particular, in the case of concrete holding elements, bonding of the holding elements to the layers is also an advantage.

Bei einer vorteilhaften alternativen Ausführungsform handelt es sich bei den Verbindungselementen um Stege, insbesondere um Metallstege. Im Sinne der Erfindung werden unter Stegen auch Drähte verstanden. Solche Metallstege beziehungsweise Drähte sind besonders kostengünstig, zudem können die Stege zugleich Teil einer Armierung sein, insbesondere wenn das Wandelement als Schalungselement ausgebildet ist.In an advantageous alternative embodiment, the connecting elements are webs, in particular metal webs. For the purposes of the invention, webs are also understood to mean wires. Such metal webs or wires are particularly cost-effective, in addition, the webs can also be part of a reinforcement, in particular if the wall element is designed as a formwork element.

Als besonders vorteilhafte Alternative sind Stege aus Beton vorgesehen. Ist das Wandelement als Schalungselement ausgebildet, bildet sich nach dem Verfüllen des durchgehenden Hohlraums eine monolitische Schicht, also eine Tragschicht, die nur aus Beton besteht. Diese Eigenschaft ist insbesondere bei der europäischen EOTA-Zulassung von Vorteil, da diese Schicht durchgehend gleiche Eigenschaften aufweist.As a particularly advantageous alternative webs of concrete are provided. If the wall element is designed as a formwork element, a monolitic layer, ie a support layer consisting only of concrete, is formed after the filling of the continuous hollow space. This property is particularly advantageous in the European EOTA approval, since this layer has the same properties throughout.

Besonders vorteilhafterweise sind die Stege mittels einer Steckverbindung mit einer Schicht verbindbar. Als Steckverbindung kann beispielsweise auch ein T-Kreuz oder ein Haken vorgesehen sein.Particularly advantageously, the webs are connected by means of a plug connection with a layer. As a connector, for example, a T-cross or a hook can be provided.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die Lehm oder Ton beinhaltende Schicht gebrannten Ton beziehungsweise gebrannten Lehm auf. So kann die Lehm- oder Tonschicht eine keramische Struktur bekommen und ist damit besonders witterungsunempfindlich, insbesondere bietet sich der Einsatz einer solchen Schicht im Nassbereich an.In a further development of the invention, the layer containing clay or clay has baked clay or fired clay. So the clay or clay layer can get a ceramic structure and is therefore special Insensitive to weathering, in particular, the use of such a layer in the wet area offers.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist bei dem als Schalungselement ausgebildeten Wandelement der durchgehende Hohlraum mit Beton verfüllt und weist etwa mittig Rohre oder durchgehende Hohlkammern auf. Beispielsweise können vor dem Verfüllen des Hohlraums Holzlatten in den Hohlraum eingebracht werden, die vor dem Abbinden des Betons herausgezogen werden. So verbliebene sich von oben nach unten durchgehend erstreckende Hohlkammern können der Durchführung eines Fluids dienen, was wiederum die Bildung einer Temperaturbarriere ermöglicht.In a further development of the invention, the continuous cavity is filled with concrete in the form of a formwork element wall element and has approximately centrally tubes or continuous hollow chambers. For example, prior to filling the cavity, wooden battens may be inserted into the cavity which are pulled out prior to setting of the concrete. So remaining hollow cavities extending from top to bottom can serve to carry out a fluid, which in turn allows the formation of a temperature barrier.

Die Erfindung soll im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen durch die Zeichnungen Figur 1 bis Figur 5 erläutert werden.

Fig. 1 + 2
zeigen schematische Schnittansichten von erfindungsgemäßen Wandelementen,
Fig. 3
zeigt eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandelements,
Fig. 4 + 5
zeigen schematische Darstellungen von weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen in der Draufsicht.
The invention will be described below with reference to embodiments of the drawings FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 be explained.
Fig. 1 + 2
show schematic sectional views of wall elements according to the invention,
Fig. 3
shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a wall element according to the invention,
Fig. 4 + 5
show schematic representations of further embodiments in plan view.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselements 1, das insbesondere auch als eine schalldämmende Innenwand verwendet werden kann. Das Wandelement 1 weist eine Außenseite 2 und eine Innenseite 3 auf. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind sowohl Außenseite 2 als auch Innenseite 3 aus einer Lehmschicht, ausgebildet aus jeweils einer Lehmplatte, geformt. Weitere Schichten sind nicht vorgesehen. Die Halteelemente 4 sind als Stege ausgebildet und weisen randseitig Anlageflächen auf, die so ausgestaltet sind, dass sie das Gegenstück einer Einraststelle (nicht zu sehen) in den Lehmschichten 2, 3 bilden. Alternativ ist vorgesehen, die Anlageflächen 5 auf die Lehmschichten zu kleben. Zwischen den beiden Schichten 2, 3 ist ein durchgehender Hohlraum 12 vorgesehen, durch den sich nur die Halteelemente 4 erstrecken. Der durchgehende Hohlraum 12 kann nach der Montage mit Leitungen zur Durchführung eines Fluides (nicht zu sehen), beispielsweise von Luft oder von Wasser, versehen werden und sodann mit Beton verfüllt werden. So kann das erfindungsgemäße wandelement temperiert werden kann. Insbesondere kann die mit Beton verfüllte Schicht als Temperaturbarriere dienen. Gleichzeitig bildet die mit Beton verfüllte Schicht, die zusätzlich noch mit einer Armierung (nicht zu sehen) versehen werden kann, eine statisch tragende Schicht der Wand. Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a formwork element 1 according to the invention, which can be used in particular as a sound-insulating inner wall. The wall element 1 has an outer side 2 and an inner side 3. In this embodiment, both outer side 2 and inner side 3 are made of one Clay layer, each formed from a clay plate shaped. Further layers are not provided. The holding elements 4 are formed as webs and have at the edge contact surfaces, which are designed so that they form the counterpart of a locking point (not visible) in the clay layers 2, 3. Alternatively, it is provided to glue the contact surfaces 5 on the clay layers. Between the two layers 2, 3 a continuous cavity 12 is provided, through which only the holding elements 4 extend. The through cavity 12 may be provided after assembly with conduits for carrying a fluid (not shown), for example air or water, and then filled with concrete. Thus, the wall element according to the invention can be tempered. In particular, the layer filled with concrete can serve as a temperature barrier. At the same time, the layer filled with concrete, which can additionally be provided with a reinforcement (not visible), forms a static bearing layer of the wall.

Fig. 2 zeigt ebenfalls eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandelementes, hier ausgestaltet als Außenwand. Neben Lehmschichten 2, 3 auf Innen- und Außenseite sind zwei Dämmschichten 6, 7 aus einem Hartschaummaterial vorgesehen. Auf der Innenseite bildet die Lehmschicht 3 den Abschluss der Wand, während auf der Außenseite zusätzlich eine Putzschicht 8 vorgesehen ist. An den Hartschaumschichten 6, 7 werden Außen- und Innenseite über Halteelemente 4 verbunden. Fig. 2 also shows a schematic sectional view of a wall element according to the invention, designed here as an outer wall. In addition to clay layers 2, 3 on the inside and outside of two insulating layers 6, 7 are provided from a rigid foam material. On the inside, the clay layer 3 forms the end of the wall, while on the outside, a plaster layer 8 is additionally provided. At the hard foam layers 6, 7 outside and inside are connected via holding elements 4.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandelementes 1, ausgebildet als Schalungselement. Auf der Seite, die vorzugsweise als Innenseite verwendet wird, ist eine Lehmschicht 2 vorgesehen. Diese Lehmschicht 2 ist über Halteelemente 4, die hier als Metallstege ausgebildet sind, mit einer Schicht aus NEOPOR 3 verbunden, so dass durch die Stege ein Hohlraum 12 gebildet wird. Die Lehmschicht 2 wird von einer gepressten Lehmplatte gebildet. Das Wandelement 1 und verfügt über Nuten 10 und Federn 9, über die die einzelnen Wandelemente aufeinander gestapelt werden können und so gegen Verschiebung gesichert sind. Die Hartschaumschicht 3 besteht aus einer Struktur mit Hohlräumen 11. Das Ausführungsbeispiel ist als Schalungselement ausgebildet, dessen durchgehender Hohlraum 12 zum Beispiel mit Beton verfüllt wird. Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, den durchgehenden Hohlraum 12 vor dem Auffüllen mit Beton mit Fluid-führenden Leitungen zu versehen. So kann der verfüllte durchgehende Hohlraum 12 zugleich der Raumtemperierung dienen. Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a wall element 1 according to the invention, designed as a formwork element. On the side which is preferably used as the inside, there is a clay layer 2 intended. This clay layer 2 is connected via holding elements 4, which are formed here as metal webs, with a layer of NEOPOR 3, so that a cavity 12 is formed by the webs. The clay layer 2 is formed by a pressed clay plate. The wall element 1 and has grooves 10 and springs 9, over which the individual wall elements can be stacked on each other and are secured against displacement. The hard foam layer 3 consists of a structure with cavities 11. The embodiment is designed as a formwork element, the through cavity 12 is filled with concrete, for example. Furthermore, it is provided to provide the continuous cavity 12 before filling with concrete with fluid-carrying lines. Thus, the filled continuous cavity 12 at the same time serve the room temperature.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandelementes, ebenfalls ausgebildet als Schalungselement. Das Wandelement weist zwei Lehmschichten 2, 3 auf, die ebenfalls aus gepressten Lehmplatten gebildet sind. Zu erkennen sind hier mehrere Wandelemente 1, die über Nuten 10 und Federn 9 gegeneinander gegen Verrutschen gesichert sind. Die Lehmschichten beziehungsweise Lehmplatten 2, 3 sind über steckbare Halteelemente 4 miteinander verbunden. Darüber hinaus weisen die Lehmplatten auf der Innenseite eine Strukturierung auf, die einer besseren Verbindung mit dem Beton nach dem Verfüllen dient. Fig. 4 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a wall element according to the invention, also formed as a formwork element. The wall element has two layers of clay 2, 3, which are also formed from pressed clay plates. To recognize here are several wall elements 1, which are secured by grooves 10 and springs 9 against each other against slipping. The clay layers or clay plates 2, 3 are connected to each other via plug-in holding elements 4. In addition, the clay plates on the inside of a structuring, which serves a better connection with the concrete after filling.

Fig. 5 zeigt ebenfalls eine Draufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandelementes hier ausgebildet ebenfalls als Schalungselement, insbesondere für eine Außenwand. Zu sehen sind die einzelnen Wandelemente 1 wie in Fig. 4, die ebenfalls über Verbindungsstege 4 mit der jeweils anderen Wandseite verbunden sind. Auf einer Wandseite ist eine wärmedämmende Hartschaumschicht 3 vorgesehen, die für eine höhere Steifigkeit wabenförmig aufgebaut ist, also Hohlräume 11 aufweist. Auch hier sind sowohl die Tonplatten als auch die Hartschaumelemente auf der Innenseite strukturiert, um nach dem Verfüllen einen besseren Kontakt mit dem Beton eingehen zu können. Fig. 5 also shows a plan view of a wall element according to the invention here also designed as a formwork element, in particular for an outer wall. You can see the individual wall elements 1 as in Fig. 4 , which are also connected via connecting webs 4 with the other wall side. On one wall side is one thermally insulating hard foam layer 3 is provided, which is constructed honeycomb-shaped for a higher rigidity, so having cavities 11. Again, both the clay plates and the hard foam elements are structured on the inside to be able to better contact with the concrete after filling.

Claims (16)

  1. A formwork or wall element (1) comprising at least two boards, in particular for building construction, wherein at least one clay and/or loam containing layer (2) is coupled to another layer by coupling members (4),
    characterized in that
    said clay or loam containing layer forms part of a compound layer made up of a plurality of layers (8, 2, 6; 7, 3), wherein said layers (8, 2, 6; 7, 3) are adhered to one another.
  2. The formwork or wall element of claim 1, characterized by at least one continuous cavity (12) arranged between said layers.
  3. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heat insulation layer is arranged on at least one surface of said wall element, in particular a rigid foam layer (6, 7).
  4. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clay and/or loam containing layer has an amount of clay or loam, respectively, of at least 50 %, preferably more than 70 %, more preferably more than 90 %.
  5. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall element has grooves (10) and tongues (9), for position assurance.
  6. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clay and/or loam containing layer includes a hydrophobic insecticide and/or fungicide additive.
  7. The formwork or wall element of claim 6, characterized in that said additive comprises water glass.
  8. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clay and/or loam containing layer has a thickness of at least 2 cm, preferably at least 5 cm.
  9. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said wall elements have latching points at its inner surface for receiving the coupling members.
  10. The wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling members (4) have engagement faces which are formed complementary to said latching points.
  11. The formwork or wall element of claim 10, characterized in that said coupling members substantially comprise concrete.
  12. The formwork or wall element according to any of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said coupling members (4) are formed as studs, in particular metal or concrete studs.
  13. The formwork or wall element of claim 12, characterized in that said coupling members, at least at one end thereof, are connectable in a plug-in connection to a layer.
  14. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clay and/or loam containing layer comprises fired loam and/or clay.
  15. The formwork or wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clay and/or loam containing layer is substantially formed by a compressed clay or loam board.
  16. The wall element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said continuous cavity (12) is filled with concrete and includes tubes and/or continuous hollow chambers, approximately centered therein.
EP05010580A 2004-05-14 2005-05-17 Wall element with a layer of clay or loam Not-in-force EP1596021B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004007959U 2004-05-14
DE202004007959U DE202004007959U1 (en) 2004-05-14 2004-05-14 Wall element with loam or clay layer

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1596021A2 EP1596021A2 (en) 2005-11-16
EP1596021A3 EP1596021A3 (en) 2006-09-06
EP1596021B1 true EP1596021B1 (en) 2010-04-14

Family

ID=34936552

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05010580A Not-in-force EP1596021B1 (en) 2004-05-14 2005-05-17 Wall element with a layer of clay or loam

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1596021B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE464438T1 (en)
DE (2) DE202004007959U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2343413T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUD20130019A1 (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-19 Friul Filiere S P A BUILDING ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS AND ITS PROCEDURE OF REALIZATION
EP3904617A1 (en) * 2020-04-27 2021-11-03 Priedemann, Wolfgang Sun-dried brick and sun-dried brick system

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB626355A (en) * 1946-12-19 1949-07-13 William Weatherhead Improvements in building slabs or panels and wall structures made therefrom
DE3405736A1 (en) 1984-02-17 1985-08-22 Ipa-Isorast International S.A., Panama FORMWORK ELEMENT FOR THE SHEATH CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION AND WARM INSULATION PANEL
DE3407867A1 (en) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-05 Paul Ensle Stiftung & Co KG, 7100 Heilbronn Prefabricated wall element
DE4215081A1 (en) 1992-05-07 1993-11-11 Peter Breidenbach Light and simple wall panel structure for building - incorporates lightweight non-structural filling material held by vertical and cross-bracing struts
DE29606867U1 (en) * 1996-04-16 1996-07-25 Reusing, Dieter, 73560 Böbingen Wall system for building walls with formwork elements that can be variably combined
DE20120365U1 (en) 2001-12-17 2002-04-04 IFMW-Institut für Marime Wirtschaft, 18059 Rostock Formwork stone wall with clay and straw filling
DE10203159A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2003-07-31 Lothar Mansfeld Process for mixing a mortar or mortar glue made of water glass and fine material as well as dry building material to use this process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2343413T3 (en) 2010-07-30
DE502005009394D1 (en) 2010-05-27
EP1596021A2 (en) 2005-11-16
ATE464438T1 (en) 2010-04-15
EP1596021A3 (en) 2006-09-06
DE202004007959U1 (en) 2005-09-22

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