CN1403010A - Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed - Google Patents
Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1403010A CN1403010A CN02139161A CN02139161A CN1403010A CN 1403010 A CN1403010 A CN 1403010A CN 02139161 A CN02139161 A CN 02139161A CN 02139161 A CN02139161 A CN 02139161A CN 1403010 A CN1403010 A CN 1403010A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The adult river crab feed consists of fish meal, bean residue, corn powder, mineral salts, ink fish powder, betaine, fish oil, vitamines, eclosion hormone, adhesive and other material. Its production process includes weighing material, mixing, introducing steam, pellitizing, dewatering and cooling. It is delicious and water soaking resistant and suitable for feeding large-eye larva of river crab. Making river crab eat the feed can promote its growth and result in low feed coefficient.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to crab class feed, more specifically relating to river crab is the prescription that Eriocheir sinensis (Eriocheir sinensis) becomes the crab feed, the invention still further relates to this feed formula and makes the method that river crab becomes the crab mixed feed.
Background technology:
The quality quality of feed for river crab is one of culture of Chinese mitten crab key of success technology.River crab nocturnalism is many, timidity, and it is slow to ingest, and with chela gripping feed, requires feed that certain degree of hardness is arranged when it is ingested, and because the river crab oral cavity is surrounded by jaw, the limit is eaten the feed limit and is missed feed again.Therefore good feed for river crab should possess following condition: good palatability, river crab are liked to eat; Feed coefficient is low, and river crab eats like a bird, and looks fast; Water-fast bubble is unlikely to miss feed when river crab ingests, reduce the waste of feed.
Document about river crab bait has: " research of river crab intensive culture Articial bait making " " Chinese feed ", Zhang Yun is expensive etc., and 1994,6,18-20; " mixed feed improves the test of river crab forming specification " " Shandong fishery ", Tian Zhongyun etc., 2000,17 (1), 35-36; These two pieces of documents have announced that river crab becomes the part prescription of crab mixed feed, but shortcoming is unexposed additive formulations, and feed coefficient is higher than 2, and river crab forming specification major part is lower than 100 grams, the not water-fast bubble of feed, and the water-fast bubble time only is 3-6 hour.
Up to the present, find no the patent documentation that river crab becomes the prescription and preparation method thereof of crab feed.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is, provide a kind of river crab to become the prescription of crab feed.Another object of the present invention is to provide this feed formula to make the method that river crab becomes the crab mixed feed.Become mixed feed that the crab feed formula makes to the river crab good palatability by river crab of the present invention, the water-fast bubble time is long, and the river crab fast growth of raising, feed coefficient are low.
In order to achieve the above object, the percentage by weight of river crab one-tenth crab feed formula each component of the present invention adopts: fish meal 10-40, dregs of beans 20-32, inferior powder 10-20, corn flour 5-16, various mineral salt 1-3, cuttlefish meal 1-3, oily chaff 5-15, betaine 0.1-0.3, fish oil 3-5, multivitamin 1-3, shell plain 0.1-0.3, adhesive 1-3, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
River crab of the present invention becomes the preferred percentage by weight of crab feed formula each component to adopt: fish meal 20-36, dregs of beans 23-30, inferior powder 12-18, corn flour 8-13, various mineral salt 1.5-2, cuttlefish meal 1.5-2, oily chaff 6-12, betaine 0.1-0.3, fish oil 3-5, multivitamin 1.5-2, shell plain 0.1-0.3, adhesive 1-3, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
River crab of the present invention becomes the percentage by weight of crab feed formula each component the best to adopt: fish meal 31.98, dregs of beans 26, inferior powder 15, corn flour 8, various mineral salt 2, cuttlefish meal 2, oily chaff 7.8, betaine 0.1, fish oil 4, multivitamin 1, shell element 0.1, adhesive 2, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
The percentage by weight of aforementioned various mineral salt each component can adopt:
Calcium hydrophosphate fodder 50, calcium lactate 5, potassium sulfate 7, sodium sulphate 1, magnesium sulfate 5, ferrous sulfate 2, copper sulphate 0.05, manganese sulfate 0.5, zinc sulfate 0.06, aluminum sulfate 0.1, cobalt chloride 0.02, KI 0.07, sodium chloride 5, bentonite 24.2.
The multivitamin content of aforementioned per kilogram can adopt:
VA 5,400 ten thousand IU, VD3 1080IU, VE 50000mg, VK3 5000mg, VB12000mg, VB2 15000mg, VB6 30mg, VB12 30mg, VH 2000mg, nicotinic acid 30000mg, folic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 2500mg, Choline Chloride 5000mg, VC 300g; The rest is wheat bran.
Aforesaid shell element can adopt cholesterol, adhesive can adopt poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, antioxidant can adopt dibutyl hydroxy toluene, mould inhibitor can adopt Sodium Benzoate or sodium sorbate, the content requirement of fish meal protein matter reaches more than 60%, and the dregs of beans Protein content requires to reach more than 44%.
The method that river crab of the present invention becomes the crab feed formula to make river crab compound feed follows these steps to order and carries out:
1, become the requirement of crab feed formula each component percentage by weight to take by weighing fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, various mineral salt, cuttlefish meal, oily chaff, betaine, fish oil, multivitamin, shell element, adhesive, antioxidant, mould inhibitor by river crab;
2, fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, oily chaff, cuttlefish meal were pulverized 40 mesh sieves respectively, and put into mixer simultaneously and mix;
3, betaine, shell element, multivitamin, various mineral salt, adhesive, antioxidant, mould inhibitor are crossed 40 mesh sieves respectively, put into mixer simultaneously and mix once more;
4, add fish oil again and become crab feed formula each component to add up to the water of weight 1%-2% with river crab, add steam simultaneously, make the temperature of mixture reach 60 ℃-80 ℃, and proceed to stir;
5, with granulator mixture is made the particle that particle diameter is 1-3mm;
6, keep 60 ℃-80 ℃ temperature 15 minutes;
7, with cold wind dehydration, cooling, making the particle water content is 10%-12%, and particle temperature is reduced to room temperature, promptly makes river crab and becomes the crab mixed feed.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect: because mixed feed of the present invention has added cuttlefish meal and betaine, can lure the river crab feed into, and good palatability, river crab is liked to eat; Because adopt poly-many aldehyde as the aquatic products adhesive, mixed feed soaks 12 hours still toughness in water, the promptly water-fast bubble time is long; Because forage compounding is scientific and reasonable, so the river crab growth is fast, feed coefficient is low, and the feed coefficient of this mixed feed is 1.5-2.
River crab with the present invention's preparation becomes the crab mixed feed to be used for the raising of river crab megalops larva, can form every 100 one-tenth crab that restrains specification then; Be used for the raising of 5-10 gram crab kind, can form every 150 one-tenth crab that restrains specification then.
The specific embodiment 1:
1, gets 31.98 kilograms of fish meal, 26 kilograms of dregs of beans, 15 kilograms in inferior powder, 8 kilograms of corn flour, 2 kilograms of various mineral salt, 2 kilograms of cuttlefish meals, 7.8 kilograms of oily chaffs, 0.1 kilogram of betaine, 4 kilograms in fish oil, 1 kilogram of multivitamin, 0.1 kilogram in cholesterol, 2 kilograms in poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, 0.01 kilogram of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 0.01 kilogram of Sodium Benzoate.
Wherein: the content of fish meal protein matter reaches 60%, and the dregs of beans Protein content reaches 44%.
The component of per kilogram various mineral salt is: calcium hydrophosphate fodder 500g, calcium lactate 50g, potassium sulfate 70g, sodium sulphate 10g, magnesium sulfate 50g, ferrous sulfate 20g, copper sulphate 0.5g, manganese sulfate 5g, zinc sulfate 0.6g, aluminum sulfate 1g, cobalt chloride 0.2g, KI 0.7g, sodium chloride 50g, bentonite 242g.
The per kilogram multivitamin contains: VA 5,400 ten thousand IU, VD3 1080IU, VE 50000mg, VK35000mg, VB1 2000mg, VB2 15000mg, VB6 30mg, VB12 30mg, VH2000mg, nicotinic acid 30000mg, folic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 2500mg, Choline Chloride 5000mg, VC 300g; The rest is wheat bran.
2, fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, oily chaff, cuttlefish meal were pulverized 40 mesh sieves respectively, and put into mixer simultaneously and mix;
3, betaine, cholesterol, multivitamin, various mineral salt, poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, Sodium Benzoate are crossed 40 mesh sieves respectively, put into mixer simultaneously and mix once more;
4, add the water of fish oil and 1.5 kilograms again, add steam simultaneously, make the temperature of mixture reach 80 ℃, and proceed to stir;
5, with granulator mixture is made the particle that particle diameter is 2mm;
6, keep 60 ℃-80 ℃ temperature 15 minutes;
7, with cold wind dehydration, cooling, making the particle water content is 10%-12%, and particle temperature is reduced to room temperature, promptly makes river crab and becomes the crab mixed feed.
The specific embodiment 2:
1, gets 35.98 kilograms of fish meal, 23 kilograms of dregs of beans, 12 kilograms in inferior powder, 13 kilograms of corn flour, 1 kilogram of various mineral salt, 1 kilogram of cuttlefish meal, 6 kilograms of oily chaffs, 0.3 kilogram of betaine, 3 kilograms in fish oil, 1.5 kilograms of multivitamins, 0.2 kilogram in cholesterol, 3 kilograms in poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, 0.01 kilogram of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 0.01 kilogram of Sodium Benzoate.
Wherein: the content of fish meal protein matter reaches 60%, and the dregs of beans Protein content reaches 44%.
The component of per kilogram various mineral salt is: calcium hydrophosphate fodder 500g, calcium lactate 50g, potassium sulfate 70g, sodium sulphate 10g, magnesium sulfate 50g, ferrous sulfate 20g, copper sulphate 0.5g, manganese sulfate 5g, zinc sulfate 0.6g, aluminum sulfate 1g, cobalt chloride 0.2g, KI 0.7g, sodium chloride 50g, bentonite 242g.
The per kilogram multivitamin contains: VA 5,400 ten thousand IU, VD3 1080IU, VE 50000mg, VK35000mg, VB1 2000mg, VB2 15000mg, VB6 30mg, VB12 30mg, VH 2000mg, nicotinic acid 30000mg, folic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 2500mg, Choline Chloride 5000mg, VC 300g; The rest is wheat bran.
2, fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, oily chaff, cuttlefish meal were pulverized 40 mesh sieves respectively, and put into mixer simultaneously and mix;
3, betaine, cholesterol, multivitamin, various mineral salt, poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, Sodium Benzoate are crossed 40 mesh sieves respectively, put into mixer simultaneously and mix once more;
4, add the water of fish oil and 1.5 kilograms again, add steam simultaneously, make the temperature of mixture reach 80 ℃, and proceed to stir
5, with granulator mixture is made the particle that particle diameter is 1mm;
6, keep 60 ℃-80 ℃ temperature 15 minutes;
7, with cold wind dehydration, cooling, making the particle water content is 10%-12%, and particle temperature is reduced to room temperature, promptly makes river crab and becomes the crab mixed feed.
The specific embodiment 3:
1, gets 23.58 kilograms of fish meal, 28 kilograms of dregs of beans, 16 kilograms in inferior powder, 10 kilograms of corn flour, 3 kilograms of various mineral salt, 3 kilograms of cuttlefish meals, 8 kilograms of oily chaffs, 0.1 kilogram of betaine, 5 kilograms in fish oil, 2 kilograms of multivitamins, 0.3 kilogram in cholesterol, 1 kilogram in poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, 0.01 kilogram of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 0.01 kilogram of Sodium Benzoate.
Wherein: the content of fish meal protein matter reaches 60%, and the dregs of beans Protein content reaches 44%.
The component of per kilogram various mineral salt is: calcium hydrophosphate fodder 500g, calcium lactate 50g, potassium sulfate 70g, sodium sulphate 10g, magnesium sulfate 50g, ferrous sulfate 20g, copper sulphate 0.5g, manganese sulfate 5g, zinc sulfate 0.6g, aluminum sulfate 1g, cobalt chloride 0.2g, KI 0.7g, sodium chloride 50g, bentonite 242g.
The per kilogram multivitamin contains: VA 5,400 ten thousand IU, VD3 1080IU, VE 50000mg, VK35000mg, VB1 2000mg, VB2 15000mg, VB6 30mg, VB12 30mg, VH2000mg, nicotinic acid 30000mg, folic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 2500mg, Choline Chloride 5000mg, VC 300g; The rest is wheat bran.
2, fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, oily chaff, cuttlefish meal were pulverized 40 mesh sieves respectively, and put into mixer simultaneously and mix;
3, betaine, cholesterol, multivitamin, various mineral salt, poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, Sodium Benzoate are crossed 40 mesh sieves respectively, put into mixer simultaneously and mix once more;
4, add the water of fish oil and 1.5 kilograms again, add steam simultaneously, make the temperature of mixture reach 80 ℃, and proceed to stir
5, with granulator mixture is made the particle that particle diameter is 3mm;
6, keep 60 ℃-80 ℃ temperature 15 minutes;
7, with cold wind dehydration, cooling, making the particle water content is 10%-12%, and particle temperature is reduced to room temperature, promptly makes river crab and becomes the crab mixed feed.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of river crab becomes the crab feed formula, it is characterized in that the percentage by weight of this feed formula each component is: fish meal 10-40, dregs of beans 20-32, inferior powder 10-20, corn flour 5-16, various mineral salt 1-3, cuttlefish meal 1-3, oily chaff 5-15, betaine 0.1-0.3, fish oil 3-5, multivitamin 1-3, shell plain 0.1-0.3, adhesive 1-3, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
2, a kind of river crab according to claim 1 becomes the crab feed formula, it is characterized in that the percentage by weight of this feed formula each component is: fish meal 20-36, dregs of beans 23-30, inferior powder 12-18, corn flour 8-13, various mineral salt 1.5-2, cuttlefish meal 1.5-2, oily chaff 6-12, betaine 0.1-0.3, fish oil 3-5, multivitamin 1.5-2, shell plain 0.1-0.3, adhesive 1-3, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
3, a kind of river crab according to claim 1 becomes the crab feed formula, it is characterized in that the percentage by weight of this feed formula each component is: fish meal 31.98, dregs of beans 26, inferior powder 15, corn flour 8, various mineral salt 2, cuttlefish meal 2, oily chaff 7.8, betaine 0.1, fish oil 4, multivitamin 1, shell element 0.1, adhesive 2, antioxidant 0.01, mould inhibitor 0.01.
4, become the crab feed formula according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of river crabs, it is characterized in that, described various mineral salt, the percentage by weight of its each component can adopt:
Calcium hydrophosphate fodder 50, calcium lactate 5, potassium sulfate 7, sodium sulphate 1, magnesium sulfate 5, ferrous sulfate 2, copper sulphate 0.05, manganese sulfate 0.5, zinc sulfate 0.06, aluminum sulfate 0.1, cobalt chloride 0.02, KI 0.07, sodium chloride 5, bentonite 24.2.
5, become the crab feed formula according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of river crabs, it is characterized in that, described multivitamin, its per kilogram can contain:
VA 5,400 ten thousand IU, VD3 1080IU, VE 50000mg, VK3 5000mg, VB12000mg, VB2 15000mg, VB6 30mg, VB12 30mg, VH 2000mg, nicotinic acid 30000mg, folic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 2500mg, Choline Chloride 5000mg, VC 300g; The rest is wheat bran.
6, become the crab feed formula according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of river crabs, it is characterized in that described shell element can adopt cholesterol, adhesive can adopt poly-many aldehyde aquatic products adhesive, antioxidant can adopt dibutyl hydroxy toluene, and mould inhibitor can adopt Sodium Benzoate or sodium sorbate.
7, become the crab feed formula according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of river crabs, it is characterized in that, described fish meal, its Protein content reaches more than 60%, described dregs of beans, its Protein content reaches more than 44%.
8, a kind of described a kind of river crab one-tenth crab feed formula of claim 1 of realizing is made the method that river crab becomes the crab mixed feed, and this method follows these steps to order and carries out:
A, become the requirement of crab feed formula each component percentage by weight to take by weighing fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, various mineral salt, cuttlefish meal, oily chaff, betaine, fish oil, multivitamin, shell element, adhesive, antioxidant, mould inhibitor by river crab;
B, fish meal, dregs of beans, inferior powder, corn flour, oily chaff, cuttlefish meal were pulverized 40 mesh sieves respectively, and put into mixer simultaneously and mix;
C, betaine, shell element, multivitamin, various mineral salt, adhesive, antioxidant, mould inhibitor are crossed 40 mesh sieves respectively, put into mixer simultaneously and mix once more;
D, add fish oil again and become crab feed formula each component to add up to the water of weight 1%-2% with river crab, add steam simultaneously, make the temperature of mixture reach 60 ℃-80 ℃, and proceed to stir;
E, mixture is made the particle that particle diameter is 1-3mm with granulator;
F, keep 60 ℃-80 ℃ temperature 15 minutes;
G, with cold wind dehydration, cooling, making the particle water content is 10%-12%, particle temperature is reduced to room temperature, promptly makes river crab and becomes the crab mixed feed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021391610A CN1189091C (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021391610A CN1189091C (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed |
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| CN1403010A true CN1403010A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| CN1189091C CN1189091C (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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| CNB021391610A Expired - Fee Related CN1189091C (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed |
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| CN100361597C (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2008-01-16 | 缪淑华 | Ecological and nutritious mixing feed for 'doukou' crab |
| CN101390579B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-04-13 | 王平川 | Crab compound feed and production method thereof |
| CN101411403B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-05-25 | 广东恒兴集团有限公司 | Feedstuff additive premix compound for Eriocheir sinensis |
| CN101502300B (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2011-07-20 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Feed for fingerling of Coreius guichenoti and preparation method |
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| CN102669463A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳洋湖鹅业专业合作社 | Vinegar residue compound feed for crabs |
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| CN100361597C (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2008-01-16 | 缪淑华 | Ecological and nutritious mixing feed for 'doukou' crab |
| CN101390579B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-04-13 | 王平川 | Crab compound feed and production method thereof |
| CN101411403B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-05-25 | 广东恒兴集团有限公司 | Feedstuff additive premix compound for Eriocheir sinensis |
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Assignee: Suzhou Haid Feeds Co., Ltd. Assignor: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2010420000182 Denomination of invention: Formula and compounding process of adult river crab feed Granted publication date: 20050216 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20030319 Record date: 20101110 |
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