CN105555860B - 乙烯‑乙烯醇共聚物组合物,以及使用其的层叠体和二次成形品 - Google Patents
乙烯‑乙烯醇共聚物组合物,以及使用其的层叠体和二次成形品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105555860B CN105555860B CN201480051375.9A CN201480051375A CN105555860B CN 105555860 B CN105555860 B CN 105555860B CN 201480051375 A CN201480051375 A CN 201480051375A CN 105555860 B CN105555860 B CN 105555860B
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- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- resin
- layer
- vinyl alcohol
- evoh
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- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 24
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
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- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (n-propan-2-yloxycarbonylanilino) acetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSPTYLOMNJNZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Buten-1-ol Chemical class OCCC=C ZSPTYLOMNJNZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline;dicyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/06—Copolymers of allyl alcohol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/10—Forming by pressure difference, e.g. vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
- B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
公开了一种组合物,其包含具有不同的乙烯含量百分比和皂化度的两种EVOH树脂,所述EVOH树脂组合物在使用真空加压成形时抑制条纹的产生,同时保持气体阻隔性。所述组合物的使用也可以提供通过真空加压成形等来制造具有优异的气体阻隔性和外观的杯子等有底容器的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及主要包含乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(下文中,称为“EVOH树脂”)的树脂组合物,特别地,涉及包含具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的2种EVOH树脂的EVOH树脂组合物。所述EVOH树脂组合物能够提供即使在包括所述树脂组合物的层的多层体形成为例如容器等的二次成形品的情况下,也具有优异的外观而没有条纹等缺陷的成形品。
背景技术
EVOH树脂是透明的并且在气体阻隔性、保香性、耐溶剂性和耐油性方面优异。因此,EVOH树脂形成为用作食品、药物、工业药品和农业化学品等的包装的膜、片、或例如瓶子和杯子等的容器。EVOH树脂可以单独地应用于例如片、膜和容器等的包装,然而,EVOH树脂通常经由粘合性树脂层与除了EVOH树脂以外的热塑性树脂的层层叠,从而形成确保了耐水性、改善的强度和其它功能的层叠体。
因为与其它热塑性树脂相比,EVOH树脂较少地拉伸,为了在形成例如膜、片和容器等制品时在热拉伸中追随其它热塑性树脂,需要EVOH树脂改善拉伸性。
通常,EVOH树脂具有越高的乙烯单元的含量,EVOH树脂趋于展示出越高的拉伸性。另一方面,EVOH树脂具有越高的乙烯单元的含量,EVOH树脂具有越低的乙烯醇结构单元的含量,气体阻隔性越低。下文中,乙烯单元的含量和乙烯醇结构单元的含量分别简称为“乙烯含量”和“乙烯醇含量”。为了同时获得优异的气体阻隔性和拉伸性,提出将具有高的乙烯醇含量(即,低的乙烯含量和高的皂化度)的EVOH树脂与具有低的乙烯醇含量(即,高的乙烯含量和低的皂化度)的EVOH树脂一起使用。
例如,JP S63-230757A(专利文献1)提出一种树脂组合物,其包括具有彼此不同的乙烯含量和皂化度的两种EVOH树脂。专利文献1公开了一种树脂组合物,其使用两种EVOH树脂以致EVOH树脂之间的乙烯含量的差是4mol%以上,它们之间的皂化度的差是3mol%以上,并且它们之间溶解度参数的差超过预定的值。同时,专利文献1公开了一种层叠体,其包括在聚苯乙烯层之间作为中间层的树脂组合物。层叠体可以通过真空加压成形而成形从而生产气体阻隔性和外观优异而没有不均匀的厚度或破裂的透明成形制品。
JP H8-311276A(专利文献2)公开了一种EVOH树脂组合物,其包括乙烯含量的差为3至20mol%的两种EVOH树脂,和特定浓度的硼。专利文献2公开了一种层叠体,其包括经由粘合性树脂层在聚丙烯层之间作为中间层的EVOH树脂组合物的层,所述层叠体当在纵方向上加热拉伸4倍并且在横方向上加热拉伸6倍时不会变白或不会产生导致条纹形成的不均匀的拉伸。
现有技术
专利文献
[专利文献1]JP S63-230757A
[专利文献2]JP H8-311276A
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
专利文献1和2中提出的EVOH树脂组合物的目的是在保持气体阻隔性的同时改善EVOH树脂的成形性。从层叠体至容器的典型的成形通过以下来进行:将层叠体加热和软化,然后通过真空或吹入压缩空气来使层叠体抵至模具。与层叠体的单轴或双轴拉伸相比,此类使用吸引或压缩空气的成形看似为更严格的成形过程。我们已经注意到:虽然在仅拉伸时没有条纹产生,但将在专利文献2中公开的层叠体通过真空加压成形形成为杯子时产生条纹。
在专利文献1中,层叠体通过以下形成为容器:以1的拉深比(对应于7倍的拉伸倍率)真空加压成形或以10倍的拉伸倍率拉伸吹塑成形。因此,将成形品仅使用肉眼评价其外观、透明性和破裂的产生,但没有评价条纹的产生。
本发明的目的是提供一种树脂组合物,其包括具有彼此不同的乙烯含量和皂化度的两种EVOH树脂,所述树脂组合物即使在应用于真空加压成形时也能够抑制条纹同时保持气体阻隔性。目的也是提供通过真空成形或气压成形从树脂组合物制造具有优异的气体阻隔性和外观的例如杯子等的容器的方法。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明人已经研究了在真空加压成形时在层叠于热塑性树脂层上的包括EVOH树脂层的层叠体中的条纹的产生。
当共挤出不同种类的树脂时,流动而层叠的熔融树脂在其中由于熔融树脂不同的流动性而容易产生湍流的对应于界面的合流部结合。包括具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂的树脂组合物提供了具有彼此不同的熔融粘度的熔融树脂的混合流。在将包括具有明显不同的乙烯含量和对应于乙烯醇含量的皂化度的EVOH树脂的树脂组合物与粘合性树脂和其它热塑性树脂共挤出从而形成其中树脂组合物是在粘合性树脂层与热塑性树脂层之间的中间层的层叠体的情况下,不仅由熔融为不同的层的树脂结合自然导致的湍流流动,由邻接层(特别地粘合性树脂层)与两种EVOH树脂混合导致的微小湍流液流动。结果,更复杂的湍流看似在树脂组合物层与其邻接层之间的界面处产生。通过该方法,用于生产容器的真空或气压成形不同于拉伸操作。施加在层叠体上的张力在真空或气压成形时根据位置而变化,而全部片或膜在拉伸操作时被均匀地拉伸。如果涉及复杂的湍流的层叠体应用于真空或气压成形,微小的湍流延伸并且会在所得成形品中显示为条纹。
在这些条件下,本发明人已经进一步研究了树脂组合物,其包括具有彼此明显不同的乙烯含量和与乙烯醇含量相关的皂化度的EVOH树脂;并且讨论了乙烯含量和皂化度的差与条纹的产生之间的关系。本发明人也讨论了改善熔融树脂的流动性。因此已经实现了本发明。
本发明的EVOH树脂组合物包括:(A)两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物和(B)高级脂肪酸的锌盐,其中所述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物之间的乙烯单元含量的差(ΔEt)是10至25mol%。
本发明涉及一种层叠体,其包括至少一层本发明的树脂组合物的层。在所述层叠体中,除了乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物以外的热塑性树脂的层经由粘合性树脂层层叠在所述树脂组合物层的至少一面上。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种方法,其用于使用包括至少一层本发明的树脂组合物的层叠体来制造具有优异的气体阻隔性和外观的容器。本发明的容器的制造方法包括:将本发明的层叠体加热和软化;通过真空吸引和/或压缩空气来使所述层叠体抵至模具;和冷却并且脱模从而获得气体阻隔性和外观优异的容器。
根据本发明的不同方面,提供了一种减少条纹产生的方法,所述条纹产生于来自层叠体的二次成形品,所述层叠体包括至少一层树脂组合物的层作为气体阻隔层,所述树脂组合物包含具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物和高级脂肪酸的锌盐。所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物之间的乙烯含量的差(ΔEt)是10至25mol%。
发明的效果
本发明的EVOH树脂组合物可以层叠为层叠体中的中间层,其即使通过真空加压成形也可以形成为外观优异而没有条纹的容器。
具体实施方式
以下将详细地描述本发明。以下仅是典型的实施方案的说明并且不限制本发明。
<EVOH树脂组合物>
本发明的EVOH树脂组合物包括两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(即,EVOH树脂)和高级脂肪酸的锌盐,其中EVOH树脂之间的乙烯单元的含量的差,即ΔEt是10至25mol%。
[EVOH树脂]
将描述用于本发明的两种EVOH树脂。
EVOH树脂是通过以下典型地生产的树脂:将乙烯和乙烯基酯系单体共聚并且将所得共聚物(乙烯-乙烯基酯共聚物)皂化。EVOH树脂是非水溶性的热塑性树脂。对于乙烯基酯系单体,从经济性的观点,通常使用乙酸乙烯酯。可以使用已知的共聚方法,例如,溶液聚合、悬浮聚合或乳液聚合。典型利用使用甲醇作为溶剂的溶液聚合。通过已知方法来皂化所得乙烯-乙烯基酯共聚物。
因此获得的EVOH树脂包含作为主要结构单元的乙烯单元和乙烯醇单元,并且可以包含作为残余未皂化单元的少量乙烯基酯单元。
一般的EVOH树脂的乙烯含量通常为20至60mol%。通常,越高的乙烯含量提供越优异的成形性,但气体阻隔性越低。如果乙烯含量小于20mol%(换言之,乙烯醇含量为80mol%以上),熔点接近于分解温度,由此应用于熔融成形趋于变得困难。
除了乙烯单元、乙烯醇结构单元和保持未皂化的乙烯基酯结构单元以外,用于本发明的EVOH树脂可以进一步包含来源自以下共聚单体的结构单元:例如丙烯、异丁烯、α-辛烯、α-十二碳烯、和α-十八碳烯等的α-烯烃;例如3-丁烯-1-醇、4-戊烯-1-醇、3-丁烯-1,2-二醇等的含羟基的α-烯烃和其酯化物、其酰基化物等的含羟基的α-烯烃的衍生物;不饱和羧酸和其盐、部分或完全的烷基酯、腈、酰胺和其酸酐;不饱和磺酸和其盐;乙烯基硅烷化合物;氯乙烯;和苯乙烯等。
另外,可以使用例如氨基甲酸酯化、缩醛化、氰乙基化或氧化烯化的EVOH系树脂等的后改性的EVOH系树脂。
这些改性的EVOH树脂中,优选通过共聚在其侧链包含伯羟基的EVOH树脂,这是因为其改善了例如拉伸操作和真空或气压成形等的成形的二次成形性。特别优选在其侧链包含1,2-二醇单元的EVOH树脂。
用于本发明的两种EVOH树脂选自作为其中乙烯含量的差(ΔEt)是10至25mol%,优选10至23mol%,特别优选10至20mol%的EVOH树脂的组合的前述EVOH树脂。如果乙烯含量的差过度小,则趋于难以保持成形性与气体阻隔性之间的平衡。如果该差过度大,则EVOH树脂的相容性下降,并且在树脂组合物二次成形时由于其拉伸性的差会产生条纹,更糟的是,不能生产透明的成形品。
具体地,优选使用具有相对低的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂(低乙烯的EVOH树脂)和具有相对高的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂(高乙烯的EVOH树脂)的组合。
低乙烯的EVOH树脂是乙烯含量为20至40mol%,优选22至38mol%,特别优选25至33mol%的EVOH树脂。过度低的乙烯含量提供了分解温度接近于熔点的EVOH树脂,这会产生难以熔融成形的树脂组合物。具有过度高的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂不会提供具有充分的气体阻隔性的树脂组合物。
低乙烯的EVOH树脂的乙烯基酯组分的皂化度通常为90mol%以上,优选95至99.99mol%,特别优选98至99.99mol%。过度低的皂化度趋于产生不充分的气体阻隔性。
另外,低EVOH树脂的在210℃和2,160g的负荷下的熔体流动速率(MFR)通常为1至100g/10分钟,优选3至50g/10分钟,特别优选3至10g/10分钟。过度高的MFR会导致成形品具有降低的机械强度。过度低的MFR会降低树脂组合物的挤出加工性。
高乙烯的EVOH树脂的乙烯含量通常为40至60mol%,优选42至56mol%,更优选44至53mol%。如果高乙烯的EVOH树脂的乙烯含量过度低,则不获得通过高乙烯的EVOH树脂来改善拉伸性的充分效果,结果,二次成形性趋于降低。相反地,如果乙烯含量过度高,则为了将乙烯含量的差调节至期望的范围,低乙烯的EVOH树脂需要增加乙烯含量,结果,树脂组合物层会在气体阻隔性方面恶化。
高乙烯的EVOH树脂的乙烯基酯组分的皂化度通常为90mol%以上,优选93至99.99mol%,特别优选98至99.99mol%。过度低的皂化度会降低高乙烯的EVOH树脂的气体阻隔性。
高乙烯的EVOH树脂的在210℃和2,160g的负荷下的熔体流动速率(MFR)通常为1至100g/10分钟,优选3至50g/10分钟,特别优选3至30g/10分钟。过度高的MFR会导致成形品具有降低的机械强度。过度低的MFR会降低树脂组合物的挤出加工性。
低乙烯的EVOH树脂与高乙烯的EVOH树脂组合以致这些EVOH树脂的流动性在熔融成形时会彼此相似。优选地,配置这样的组合,以致MFR(210℃,2160g的负荷)的差,即ΔMFR是5g/10分钟以下。更优选地,调节EVOH树脂的皂化度,以致MFR(210℃,2160g的负荷)的差,即ΔMFR是1g/10分钟以下。
将乙烯含量根据例如ISO14663通过测量和计算乙烯醇单元的含量来测定。
将乙烯基酯部分的皂化度根据例如JIS K6726通过制备EVOH树脂溶液(溶剂:水/甲醇)并且测量EVOH树脂溶液的皂化度来测定。
低乙烯的EVOH树脂(A1)与高乙烯的EVOH树脂(A2)的重量比,即A1/A2通常为90/10至60/40,优选85/15至65/35,特别优选80/20至70/30。如果低乙烯的EVOH树脂(A1)的比率太低,则树脂组合物层会具有不充分的气体阻隔性。如果低乙烯的EVOH树脂(A1)的比率太高,则会不获得通过高乙烯的EVOH树脂来改善拉伸性的充分效果。
[(B)高级脂肪酸的锌盐]
对于高级脂肪酸的锌盐,碳数为8以上(优选12至30,更优选12至20)的脂肪酸用于本发明。高级脂肪酸的实例包括月桂酸、十三烷酸、肉豆蔻酸、十五烷酸、棕榈酸、十七烷酸、硬脂酸、十九烷酸、油酸、癸酸、山嵛酸和亚油酸等。其中,优选使用硬脂酸、油酸和月桂酸。
此类高级脂肪酸的锌盐可以改善包括乙烯含量的差(ΔEt)为10至25mol%的两种EVOH树脂的树脂组合物的二次成形性。特别地,即使将树脂组合物应用于其中施加的张力随着位置而变化或张力在直径增加过程中从全部方向施加的真空加压成形,可以获得具有较少的条纹的成形品。
该机理尚不清楚,然而,我们推测高级脂肪酸的锌盐可以改善各自具有不同的乙烯含量的熔融的两种EVOH树脂的相容性,由此降低在树脂组合物与其它树脂共挤出时产生的在两种EVOH树脂的界面处的微小的湍流。通过使用高级脂肪酸的其它金属盐或低级脂肪酸的锌盐,没有获得此类降低效果。因此,出人意料的是,高级脂肪酸的锌盐对于降低湍流有效。
基于两种EVOH树脂的总量,高级脂肪酸的锌盐(B)的量通常为50至800ppm,优选100至700ppm,特别优选250至600ppm。过度少量的高级脂肪酸的锌盐降低了由二次成形导致的条纹的降低效果,更糟糕的是,所得成形品的透明性会恶化。另一方面,高级脂肪酸的金属盐一般用作分解熔融的EVOH树脂的催化剂。过度大量的高级脂肪酸的锌盐导致EVOH树脂分解从而产生气体,这会对通过熔融成形或共挤出的层叠体的生产产生不利效果。
[其它添加剂]
除了前述组分以外,本发明的树脂组合物可以以不会不利的影响的范围例如,1wt%以下的量包含例如增塑剂、填料、防结块剂、抗氧化剂、着色剂、抗静电剂、紫外线吸收剂、或润滑剂等已知的添加剂。
<EVOH树脂组合物的制备方法>
对本发明的树脂组合物的制备方法没有特别限制。树脂组合物可以通过以下来制备:将两种EVOH树脂与高级脂肪酸的锌盐以预定的比例配混,然后熔融混炼;或将这些组分以预定的比例干式配混。因为有效的生产,优选通过干式配混的制备方法。干式配混允许按需要的EVOH树脂的各种组合和高级脂肪酸的锌盐的任选添加。同时,优选通过干式配混的制备,这是因为可以抑制熔融的EVOH树脂通过高级脂肪酸的锌盐而分解。根据本发明,通过干式配混的制备可以实现其中高级脂肪酸的锌盐存在于各EVOH树脂颗粒的表面的条件。
通过干式配混的制备可以通过以下来进行:例如,在将低乙烯的EVOH树脂和高乙烯的EVOH树脂干式配混之后,配混高级脂肪酸的锌盐;将高级脂肪酸的锌盐与预先制备的两种EVOH树脂的混合配混物配混。选择性地,两种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐可以干式配混在一起从而制备树脂组合物。
选择性地,一种EVOH树脂与高级脂肪酸的锌盐干式配混,接着将获得的混合物与另一种EVOH树脂干式配混。选择性地,将一种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐预先配混,然后将获得的配混物与另一种EVOH树脂配混。
另外,通过干式配混的制备可以通过以下来进行:将一种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐的预先干式配混物与另一种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐的预先干式配混物混合。可以分别制备一种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐的配混物,和另一种EVOH树脂与高级脂肪酸的锌盐的配混物,然后将这些配混物配混。
<树脂组合物的用途>
本发明的树脂组合物可以通过熔融成形而成形为例如,膜、片、杯子或瓶子。对于熔融成形方法,可以使用例如T模挤出、管状(吹制)膜挤出、吹塑成形、熔融纺丝和异型挤出等的挤出成形以及注射成形。熔融成形温度可以一般选自150至300℃的通常范围。
从本发明的树脂组合物单独成形的成形品可以用于各种用途。树脂组合物可以层叠在基材上从而改善强度并且赋予其它功能。树脂组合物也层叠在其它热塑性树脂层上从而形成层叠体。优选使用因此生产的层叠体,这是因为树脂组合物可以降低由共挤出导致的在界面处的湍流。
作为另外的用途,本发明的树脂组合物可以用于降低在来自包括由包括具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的两种EVOH树脂的树脂组合物制成的至少一层气体阻隔层的层叠体的二次成形品中产生的条纹。
本发明的另一个方面涉及防止来自二次成形品的条纹的产生的方法。该方法涉及二次成形品,其包括由包括具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的两种EVOH树脂和高级脂肪酸的锌盐的树脂组合物制成的至少一层气体阻隔层。两种EVOH树脂之间的乙烯含量的差,ΔEt是10至25mol%。
高级脂肪酸的锌盐可以优选通过干式配混与两种EVOH树脂配混。
<层叠体>
本发明的层叠体包括至少一层本发明的EVOH树脂组合物的层。优选的层叠体具有其中除了EVOH树脂以外的热塑性树脂的层经由粘合性树脂层层叠在所述树脂组合物层的至少一面上的构成。
称为“基材树脂”的用于本发明的其它热塑性树脂包括例如,例如线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、超低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、和高密度聚乙烯等的聚乙烯类;例如聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯嵌段或无规共聚物、丙烯和具有4至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚物、聚丁烯和聚戊烯等的聚烯烃类;通过将前述聚烯烃类使用不饱和羧酸或其酯接枝改性获得的接枝改性的聚烯烃类;例如离聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、和乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物等的乙烯-乙烯基化合物共聚物;聚酯系树脂;包括共聚酰胺的聚酰胺系树脂;例如聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、氯化聚乙烯、和氯化聚丙烯等的卤化聚烯烃;乙烯基酯系树脂;例如聚酯弹性体和聚氨酯弹性体等的弹性体;丙烯酰基系树脂;聚苯乙烯;芳香族或脂族聚酮、通过还原这些聚合物获得的聚醇类,等。从包括例如所得层叠体的强度等的物理性能的实用性的观点,优选聚烯烃系树脂和聚酰胺系树脂,特别是聚乙烯和聚丙烯。
传统的抗氧化剂、抗静电剂、润滑剂、成核剂、防结块剂、紫外线吸收剂、或蜡可以包含于前述基材树脂中。
包括EVOH树脂组合物层和基材树脂层的层叠体通过已知的层叠方法来生产。层叠方法的实例包括:将基材树脂熔融挤出在EVOH树脂组合物的膜或片上;将EVOH树脂组合物熔融挤出在基材树脂的膜或片上;将EVOH树脂组合物和基材树脂共挤出;使用例如有机钛化合物、异氰酸酯化合物、聚酯系化合物、或聚氨酯化合物等的已知的粘合剂来组合EVOH树脂组合物层和基材树脂层的方法;将EVOH树脂组合物的溶液涂布在基材树脂的膜或片上,然后除去溶液的溶剂。这些方法中,从成本和环境的观点,优选使用共挤出。
可以任选使用层叠体的构成。不仅可以使用a/b的双层结构,也可以使用例如b/a/b、a/b/a、a1/a2/b、a/b1/b2、b2/b1/a/b1/b2、b2/b1/a/b1/a/b1/b2和其它结构等的各种结构,其中EVOH树脂组合物的层由“a”(例如,a1,a2,···)表示,并且基材树脂的层由“b”(例如,b1,b2,···)表示。通过将在多层结构的生产中产生的废边料和不合格品再熔融成形获得的可回收材料包括EVOH树脂组合物和基材树脂,由此可以用于形成例如b/R/a,b/R/a/b,b/R/a/R/b,b/a/R/a/b,b/R/a/R/a/R/b等的层叠体,其中“R”表示可回收材料的层。
在上述层叠体中,粘合性树脂层可以按需要设置在层之间。传统的粘合剂可以用于粘合性树脂层。根据基材树脂的种类来选择适当的粘合性树脂。典型地,可以使用通过使不饱和羧酸或其酸酐通过加成反应或接枝反应化学键合至聚烯烃系树脂获得的羧基改性的烯烃系聚合物。特别地,马来酸酐改性的聚烯烃可以优选用于粘合性树脂。马来酸酐改性的聚烯烃优选与聚烯烃,特别是聚丙烯的基材组合。
马来酸酐改性的聚烯烃的实例包括马来酸酐接枝改性的聚乙烯、马来酸酐接枝改性的聚丙烯、马来酸酐接枝改性的乙烯-丙烯嵌段或无规共聚物、马来酸酐接枝改性的乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、和马来酸酐接枝改性的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等。这些实例可以优选单独或以其两种以上的组合使用。
各粘合性树脂可以与除了包含于树脂组合物中的EVOH树脂以外的EVOH树脂、本发明的EVOH树脂组合物、聚异丁烯、例如乙烯-丙烯橡胶等的橡胶/弹性体组分,以及b层的树脂配混。特别地,配混除了用于粘合性树脂的树脂以外的聚烯烃系树脂是有用的,这是因为改善了粘合性。
对在层叠体中的基材树脂层的厚度和粘合性树脂层的厚度没有限制,并且根据层构成、基材树脂和粘合性树脂的种类、用途、包装形式、和预期的物理性能等来确定。基材树脂层的厚度选自通常0.1至5000μm,优选1至1000μm的范围,并且粘合性树脂层的厚度选自约0.1至500μm,优选约1至250μm的范围。
EVOH树脂组合物层的厚度随着要实现的气体阻隔性而变化,并且选自通常0.1至500μm,优选0.1至250μm,特别优选0.1至100μm的范围。如果厚度过度薄,则的厚度不能实现预期的气体阻隔性。相反地,如果厚度过度厚,则的厚度会变得柔软性不足。
在的厚度中的树脂组合物层与基材树脂层的厚度比,即树脂组合物层/基材树脂层通常为1/99至50/50,优选5/95至45/55,特别优选10/90至40/60。如果多层结构包括多个树脂组合物层或基材树脂层,则依照最厚的树脂组合物层与最厚的基材树脂层的比来确定厚度比。树脂组合物层与粘合性树脂层的厚度比,即树脂组合物层/粘合性树脂层通常为10/90至99/1,优选20/80至95/5,特别优选30/70至90/10。如果多层结构包括多个树脂组合物层或粘合性树脂层,则依照最厚的树脂组合物层与最厚的粘合性树脂层的比来确定厚度比。
具有前述结构的的厚度通常进行热拉伸来用于各种用途。各种已知的热拉伸方法可以对本发明的的厚度进行。这是因为作为气体阻隔层的EVOH树脂组合物可以展示出优异的气体阻隔性并且在界面处的湍流可以降低。
热拉伸方法的具体实例包括:其中将的厚度在夹持其两侧的条件下在宽度方向上拉伸的单轴或双轴拉伸;其中将的厚度加热和软化从而通过加压等成形为容器的拉伸成形方法;其中将的厚度加热至软化成形温度并且通过真空或吹入加压空气抵至模具的真空成形、气压成形、或真空加压成形;通过将例如型坯等的预成型层叠体管状拉伸或拉伸吹塑成形来成形;和其它方法。因为使用本发明的EVOH树脂组合物的层的层叠体降低了在EVOH树脂组合物层的界面处产生的湍流,并且层叠体可以在热拉伸时展示出优异的拉伸性。这可以使层叠体应用于单轴或双轴拉伸,其中将该层叠体单轴拉伸并且在不同的方向上再次拉伸;以及其中将层叠体通过抵至模具并且吹塑成形而径向拉伸的拉伸成形。
依照在靠近层叠体周围测量的温度,此类热拉伸在选自通常40至300℃,优选50至160℃的范围的温度下进行。拉伸倍率以面积比计通常为2至50倍,优选2至10倍。
叠层片或膜优选在热风烘箱、加热器型烘箱或其组合中加热,这可以均匀地加热叠层片或膜。根据包括拉伸过程的热成形方法的种类来选择适当的加热方法。
通过共挤出和热拉伸获得的层叠体可以通过在其它基材上挤出涂布,或粘合作为基材的其它膜或片来层叠。对于基材,不仅可以使用作为基材树脂的前述热塑性树脂,也可以使用包括纸、金属箔、织物、无纺布、金属棉和木质材料等材料的拉伸性差的基材。另外,由金属或金属氧化物制成的无机层可以通过蒸镀形成在层叠体上。
将因此获得的膜、片或拉伸膜形成为袋、杯子、托盘、管、瓶子或其它容器作为成形品,其用于通常食品以及例如蛋黄酱和调味品等的调味料、例如味增等的发酵食品、例如沙拉油等的油脂食品、饮料、化妆品和药品的各种包装、容器或盖子。
[通过真空成形或气压成形的二次成形品的生产]
本发明的层叠体适用于通过真空成形或气压成形来生产二次成形品,特别例如杯子和托盘等的容器。层叠体使用包含两种EVOH树脂的混合物的本发明的树脂组合物的层,然而,在树脂组合物层的界面处流动的树脂的微小湍流将会降低。因此,叠层片可以提供具有优异的外观的二次成形品。
根据本发明,具有优异的气体阻隔性和外观的容器的制造方法包括:将本发明的层叠体的片或膜在模具附近加热和软化;通过真空吸引和/或压缩空气来使该片或膜抵至模具;冷却并且脱模从而获得容器。
将容器成形为具有圆底的瓶子、具有矩形底的瓶子、有底的异形容器、具有直径从开口至其底部逐渐增加或降低的锥形底的容器、底部与开口相比具有较小的面积的多面容器、半球状容器、具有直径以2步缩小的底的容器和其它形状的容器;但不限于此。容器可以具有边缘或凸部。
在生产具有0.1至3的作为成形品的深度(单位:mm)与最大直径(单位:mm)的比的拉深比的例如杯子和托盘等的成形品的情况下,通常使用真空加压成形。真空加压成形难以提供具有优异的外观的成形品。这是因为真空成形包括剧烈的拉伸,并且在拉伸时,施加至对应于杯子的侧部的熔融树脂的张力不同于施加至对应于底部的熔融树脂的张力。然而,即使将层叠体通过随着部位不同产生不同的张力的真空加压成形来成形为杯状容器时,具有优异的外观而不损害本身的气体阻隔性的成形品也可以通过使用包括本发明的树脂组合物的层的层叠体来生产。
依照层叠体周围的大气温度,加热和软化过程中的加热温度选自通常40至300℃,优选50至170℃,特别优选60至160℃的范围。如果加热温度过度低,则层叠体不充分地软化并且不会成形为具有优异的外观的制品。如果加热温度过度高,则失去各层的熔融粘度的平衡,并且不会成形为具有优异的外观的制品。
加热时间是达到层叠体变得充分地柔软而成形的温度所需要的时间。根据层叠体的层构成、层叠体的层材料的组成和用于加热层叠体而设定的加热器温度等,适当地确定此类加热时间。
根据作为成形品的容器的预期形状,真空加压成形时的拉深比,即,成形品的深度(单位:mm)/成形品的最大直径(单位:mm)选自通常0.1至3,优选0.2至2.5,特别优选0.3至2的范围。如果拉深比过度大,则破裂会在EVOH树脂组合物层中产生。如果拉深比过度小,则不均匀的壁厚会赋予至所得成形品。
根据层叠体的层构成、热塑性树脂的种类、粘合性树脂的种类、用途、包装形式、和需要的物理性能等来确定来自叠层片的二次成形品的热塑性树脂层和粘合性树脂层的厚度。热塑性树脂层的厚度选自通常0.1至3000μm,优选1至500μm的范围,并且粘合性树脂层的厚度选自通常0.1至300μm,优选1至100μm的范围;但不限于此。
根据预期的气体阻隔性等,在前述拉伸过程之后树脂组合物层的厚度选自通常0.1至300μm,优选0.1至100μm,特别优选0.1至50μm的范围。过度薄的树脂组合物层不能实现令人满意的气体阻隔性,并且过度厚的树脂组合物层会提供具有不充分的柔软性的膜。
EVOH树脂组合物层与粘合性树脂层的厚度比以及EVOH树脂组合物层与热塑性树脂层的总厚度的比在热拉伸之前和之后不会大幅度变化。因此,这些比大致与层叠体相同。
根据本发明的方法,透明的容器保持本身的气体阻隔性而没有不均匀的厚度。同时,在生产的容器中,减少了可见的条纹。该效果看似从作为原料的层叠体获得。层叠体包括EVOH树脂组合物层,其降低了在EVOH树脂组合物层与其邻接层之间的界面处的微小湍流,所述微小湍流导致条纹。这是由于:包含于树脂组合物中的两种EVOH树脂的混合性通过调节其流动性的差而增大。因此,成形品的外观优异,由此成形品用于通常食品以及例如蛋黄酱和调味品等的调味料、例如味增等的发酵食品、例如沙拉油等的油脂食品、饮料、化妆品和药品的包装或容器。
实施例
下文中,本发明基于实施例在以下描述,但本发明不限于实施例,除非超出发明的主旨。
顺便地,实施例中的单位“份”基于重量,除非另有说明。
[EVOH树脂组合物第1至10号的生产]
选自下述EVOH树脂1、2、3和4的两种EVOH树脂用于EVOH树脂组合物。将如表1中示出选择的两种EVOH树脂干式配混以致具有较低的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂的量是80份并且具有较高的乙烯含量的EVOH树脂的量是20份。将表1中示出的羧酸的金属盐也干式配混从而制备树脂组合物。
·EVOH树脂1:29mol%的乙烯单元含量,99.6mol%的皂化度,MFR为4.0g/10分钟(210℃,2160g的负荷)
·EVOH树脂2:44mol%的乙烯单元含量,98.5mol%的皂化度,MFR为4.0g/10分钟(210℃,2160g的负荷)
·EVOH树脂3:25mol%的乙烯单元含量,99.7mol%的皂化度,MFR为4.0g/10分钟(210℃,2160g的负荷)
·EVOH树脂4:51mol%的乙烯单元含量,94.0mol%的皂化度,MFR为25g/10分钟(210℃,2160g的负荷)
[层叠体的生产]
将因此制备的EVOH树脂组合物、聚丙烯(“EG47FT”,来自Japan PolypropyleneCorporation)和粘合性树脂(“Admer QF551”,来自Mitsui Chemicals)供给至3种5层共挤出T模片成形装置并且共挤出从而形成3种5层层叠体,即聚丙烯层/粘合性树脂层/EVOH树脂组合物层/粘合性树脂层/聚丙烯层,其厚度(μm)分别为450/25/50/25/450。
层叠体成形装置的全部模具的温度设定为210℃。
[层叠体的二次成形]
真空加压成形机(活塞辅助型真空加压成形机,来自ASANO LABORATORIES CO.,LTD.)的模具和加热器的温度分别设定为50℃和500℃。因此生产的3种5层层叠体是40cm长、40cm宽和1000μm厚,并且包括厚度为50μm的EVOH树脂层。将该3种5层层叠体成形为具有宽于开口的底的杯状容器。杯状容器具有48mm的上面直径,80mm的底面直径,52mm的深度,并且杯子的拉深比,即深度(单位:mm)/最大直径(单位:mm)是0.65。
通过将层叠体在500℃(加热器温度)下加热从而软化层叠体分别24秒或26秒,生产了成形品
[二次成形性的评价]
观察作为成形品的因此生产的杯子的外观,并且根据条纹产生的程度目测评价。
A:没有条纹或轻微观察到具有小于200μm的尺寸的条纹。
B:部分观察到具有200至300μm的尺寸的条纹。
C:部分观察到具有300至500μm的尺寸的条纹。
D:观察到具有300至500μm的尺寸的条纹遍及成形品。
E:产生条纹并且没有获得透明的成形品。
[表1]
EVOH1:乙烯含量29mol%,皂化度99.6mol%,MFR4.0g/10分钟
EVOH2:乙烯含量44mol%,皂化度98.5mol%,MFR4.0g/10分钟
EVOH3:乙烯含量25mol%,皂化度99.7mol%,MFR4.0g/10分钟
EVOH4:乙烯含量51mol%,皂化度94.0mol%,MFR25g/10分钟
ΔEt:乙烯含量的差(mol%)
St-Zn:硬脂酸锌
St-Ca:硬脂酸钙
St-Mg:硬脂酸镁
各自使用不包含羧酸的金属盐或包含除了硬脂酸锌以外的羧酸的金属盐的EVOH树脂组合物的层叠体第2号和第6-9号提供具有条纹的容器。此外,在利用使用其间具有大的差的EVOH树脂组合的EVOH树脂组合物的情况下,没有生产透明的容器。
使用包含硬脂酸锌和具有彼此明显不同的乙烯含量的两种EVOH树脂的EVOH树脂组合物的层叠体第10号不能充分地降低由大的差(ΔEt)导致的条纹的产生。
各自使用包含硬脂酸锌和乙烯含量的差(ΔEt)为10至25mol%的两种EVOH树脂的EVOH树脂组合物的层叠体第1号和第3-5号可以降低条纹的产生或提供没有条纹的成形品。理解的是,即使在应用于真空加压成形时,本发明的EVOH树脂组合物也可以降低条纹的产生。然而,如层叠体第1号和第3号所示,在EVOH树脂组合物中的硬脂酸锌过度低的含量的情况下,不会获得令人满意的降低该条纹产生的效果。因此,硬脂酸锌的含量需要为大于100ppm,优选250ppm以上。
产业上的可利用性
包括本发明的EVOH树脂组合物的层和具有不同的拉伸性的热塑性树脂的层的层叠体适合于生产具有优异的气体阻隔性和外观的容器。
Claims (10)
1.一种树脂组合物,其包括:
(A)两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物和(B)羧酸的金属盐,所述羧酸的金属盐是碳数为8以上的脂肪酸的锌盐,
其中所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物之间的乙烯单元含量的差ΔEt是10至25mol%;
基于所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的总含量,所述碳数为8以上的脂肪酸的锌盐的含量是50至800ppm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的树脂组合物,其中所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物是乙烯含量为20至40mol%的乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物A1和乙烯含量为40至60mol%的乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物A2。
3.根据权利要求2所述的树脂组合物,其中所述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物A1与所述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物A2的重量比在90/10至60/40的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其中所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物之间的在210℃和2160g的负荷下的熔体流动速率的差ΔMFR是5g/10分钟以下。
5.一种层叠体,其包括至少一层根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的树脂组合物的层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的层叠体,其中除了乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物以外的热塑性树脂的层经由粘合性树脂层层叠在所述树脂组合物的层的至少一面上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的层叠体,其中所述热塑性树脂是聚丙烯。
8.一种气体阻隔性和外观优异的有底容器的制造方法,其包括:
将根据权利要求5至7任一项所述的层叠体的片材或薄膜加热和软化;
通过真空吸引和/或压缩空气来使所述片材或薄膜抵至模具;和
冷却并且脱模从而获得有底容器。
9.一种减少条纹产生的方法,所述条纹产生于来自层叠体的二次成形品,所述层叠体包括至少一层树脂组合物的层作为气体阻隔层,所述树脂组合物包含具有彼此不同的乙烯含量的两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物,所述方法包括:
选择两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物以致它们之间的乙烯单体含量的差ΔEt是10至25mol%;和
将碳数为8以上的脂肪酸的锌盐与所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物配混;
基于所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的总含量,所述碳数为8以上的脂肪酸的锌盐的含量是50至800ppm。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述碳数为8以上的脂肪酸的锌盐通过干式配混与所述两种乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物配混。
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US10589493B2 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2020-03-17 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Multilayer structure, and packaging material formed from the multilayer structure |
JP6534151B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-18 | 2019-06-26 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 多層構造体 |
TWI838328B (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2024-04-11 | 日商三菱化學股份有限公司 | 樹脂組成物及使用此樹脂組成物之多層結構體 |
WO2018021149A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-01 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 多層構造体、接着性樹脂層用樹脂組成物および多層構造体の製造方法 |
TWI810170B (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2023-08-01 | 日商可樂麗股份有限公司 | 樹脂組成物及其用途 |
JP7268356B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-22 | 2023-05-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、溶融成形用材料、多層構造体および熱成形容器用材料 |
EP3715415B1 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2022-10-26 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer composition, multilayer structure and package |
IT201800007179A1 (it) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-13 | Dispersione acquosa di copolimeri di alcool etilene-vinilico e film multistrato di barriera all'ossigeno rivestito con detta dispersione | |
JP7388183B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-26 | 2023-11-29 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体樹脂組成物、多層構造体および多層容器 |
JP7356841B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-31 | 2023-10-05 | 株式会社クラレ | 多層構造体及びそれを用いた回収方法 |
US11813825B2 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2023-11-14 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Laminate |
KR102251199B1 (ko) | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-13 | 바프렉스 주식회사 | 가스 배리어성 수지 조성물 및 이로부터 제조되는 제품 |
US11021599B1 (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-06-01 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd | Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin composition, film, and multi-layer structure comprising the same, as well as methods thereof |
DE112021006512T5 (de) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-12-28 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Harzpelletgruppe und schichtstruktur, bei der diese verwendet wird |
CN116568507A (zh) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-08-08 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 树脂粒料组和使用其的层结构体 |
JP7318153B1 (ja) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-31 | 株式会社クラレ | 変性エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体の製造方法 |
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