Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/1687399.1687507acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesiccadConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

A method for calculating hard QoS guarantees for Networks-on-Chip

Published: 02 November 2009 Publication History

Abstract

Many Networks-on-Chip (NoC) applications exhibit one or more critical traffic flows that require hard Quality of Service (QoS). Guaranteeing bandwidth and latency for such real time flows is crucial. In this paper, we present novel methods to efficiently calculate worst-case bandwidth and latency bounds and thereby provide hard QoS guarantees. Importantly, the proposed methods apply even to best-effort NoC architectures, with no extra hardware dedicated to QoS support. By applying our methods to several realistic NoC designs, we show substantial improvements (on average, more than 30% in bandwidth and 50% in latency) in bound tightness with respect to existing approaches.

References

[1]
W. J. Dally and B. Towles, "Route packets, not wires: On-chip interconnection networks, "Proceedings of the 38th Design Automation Conference, 2001.
[2]
L. Benini and G. D. Micheli, "Networks on Chips: A New SoC Paradigm," Computer, 35(1):70--78, 2002.
[3]
P. Guerrier and A. Greiner, "A generic architecture for on-chip packet-switched interconnections," in Proceedings of Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference ands Exhibition(DATE '00), pp. 250--256, Paris, France, March 2000.
[4]
Z. Guz, I. Walter, E. Bolotin, I. Cidon, R. Ginosar, and A. Kolodny, "Network Delays and Link Capacities in application-Specific Wormhole NoCs," VLSI Design, Volume 2007, Article ID 90941
[5]
J. Henkel, W. Wolf, and S. Chakradhar, "On-chip networks: a scalable, communication-centric embedded system design paradigm," in Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design (VLSID '04), vol. 17, pp. 845--851, Mumbai, India, January 2004.
[6]
S. Furber and J. Bainbridge. "Future trends in SoC interconnect", In VLSI Design, Automation and Test, pages 183--186, 2005.
[7]
Z. Shi and A. Burns, "Real-Time Communication Analysis for On-Chip Networks with Wormhole Switching, "Second ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip, 2008
[8]
C. Paukovits, H. Kopetz, "Concepts of Switching in the Time-Triggered Network-on-Chip," Proceedings of the 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems, pp. 120--12.
[9]
K. Goossens, J. Dielissen, and A. Radulescu, "The Æthereal network on chip: Concepts, architectures, and implementations," IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 22(5):414--421, 2005.
[10]
S. Lee, "Real-time wormhole channels," J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 63 (2003) 299--311
[11]
D. Kandlur, K. Shin, D. Ferrari, "Real-Time Communication in Multihop Networks," IEEE Trans. on Para. and Distributed Systems, vol. 5, no. 10, Oct. 1994.
[12]
M. Zhang, J. Shi, T. Zhang, Y. Hu, "Hard Real-time Communication over Multi-hop Switched Ethernet, "Int. Conf. on Networking, Architecture, and Storage, 2008
[13]
S. Gopalakrishnan, S. Lui, and M. Caccamo, "Hard Real-Time Communication in Bus-Based Networks," In Proc. 25th IEEE Int. Real-Time Systems Symp., 2004.
[14]
A. Yiming, and T. Eisaka, "A Switched Ethernet Protocol for Hard Real-Time Embedded System Applications," In 19th Conf. on Advanced Information Networking & Applications, March 2005, pp. 41--44.
[15]
K. Watson and J. Jasperneite, "Determining end-to-end delays using network calculus," In Proc. 5th IFAC Int. Conf. on Fieldbus Systems and Their Applications (IFAC-FET2003), July 7--8, 2003, pp. 255--260.
[16]
J. Chen, Z. Wang, and Y. Sun, "Real-time capability analysis for switch industrial Ethernet traffic priority-based," In Proc. of Int. Conf. on Control Applications, Glasgow, UK, Sep. 2002, pp. 525--529.
[17]
J. Jaspernite, P. Neumann, M. Theis, and K. Watson, "Deterministic Real-Time Communication with Switched Ethernet," In Proc. of WFCS'02, Vasteras, Sweden.
[18]
S. Lee; K. C. Lee, and H. H. Kim, "Maximum communication delay of a realtime industrial switched Ethernet with multiple switching hubs," In 30th Conf. of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2004.
[19]
J. Loeser and H. Haertig, "Low-latency hard real-time communication over switched Ethernet," In Proc. of ECRTS 2004.
[20]
J. Kiszka, B. Wagner, Y. Zhang, J. Broenink," RTnet -- A Flexible Hard RealTime Networking Framework," In: 10th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, 2005.
[21]
H. Kopetz, A. Damm, C. Koza, et al., "Distributed fault-tolerant real-time systems: the Mars approach," IEEE Micro, 1989, 9(1): 25--40.
[22]
E. Bolotin et al., "QNoC: QoS architecture and design process for network on chip," Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 50, no. 2--3, pp. 105--128, Feb. 2004.
[23]
T. Bjerregaardand, J. Sparsoe, "Arouter architecturefor connection-oriented service guarantees in the MANGO clockless network-on-chip," in DATE, vol. 2, Mar. 2005, pp. 1226--1231.
[24]
A. Bouhraoua and M. E. Elrabaa, "A high-throughput network-on-chip architecture for systems-on-chip interconnect," in Intl. Symposium on Soc, Nov. 2006.
[25]
F. Felicijan and S. Furber, "An asynchronous on-chip network router with quality-of-service (QoS) support," in SOCC, Sep. 2004, pp. 274--277.
[26]
N. Kavaldjiev et al., "A virtual channel network-on-chip for GT and BE traffic," in ISVLSI, vol. 00, Mar. 2006.
[27]
A. Leroy et al., "Spatial division multiplexing: a novel approach for guaranteed throughput on NoCs," in CODES+ISSS, 2005, pp. 81--86.
[28]
A. Mello, L. Tedesco, N. Calazans, and F. Moraes, "Evaluation of current QoS mechanisms in network on chip," in Intl. Symposium on Soc, 2006, pp. 115--118.
[29]
M. Millberg, R. T. E. Nilsson, and A. Jantsch, "Guaranteed bandwidth using looped containers in temporally disjoint networks within the Nostrum network on chip," in DATE, 2004, pp. 890--895.
[30]
F. Mondinelli, M. Borgatti, and Z. Vajna, "A 0.13 um 1Gb/s/channel store-and-forward network on-chip," in SOCC, Sep. 2004, pp. 141--142.
[31]
R. Mullins, A. West, and S. Moore, "The design and implementation of a low-latency on-chip network," in ASP-DAC, 2006.
[32]
A. Radulescu et al., "An efficient on-chip NI offering guaranteed services, shared-memory abstraction, and flexible network configuration," IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 4--17, Jan. 2005.
[33]
E. Rijpkema et al., "Trade offs in the design of a router with both guaranteed and best-effort services for network on chip," IEE Proc. Computers and Digital Techniques, vol. 150, no. 5, pp. 294--302, 2003.
[34]
E. Salminen, A. Kulmala, T. Hamalainen, "Survey of Network-on-Chip Proposals," www.ocpip.org, March 2008.

Cited By

View all
  • (2018)Application Specific Networks-on-Chip Synthesis: An Energy Efficient Approach2018 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI)10.1109/ISVLSI.2018.00020(52-57)Online publication date: Jul-2018
  • (2017)Real-time communication analysis for networks-on-chip with backpressureProceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation & Test in Europe10.5555/3130379.3130513(590-595)Online publication date: 27-Mar-2017
  • (2017)Real-time communication analysis for Networks-on-Chip with backpressureDesign, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 201710.23919/DATE.2017.7927055(590-595)Online publication date: Mar-2017
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ICCAD '09: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
November 2009
803 pages
ISBN:9781605588001
DOI:10.1145/1687399
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 02 November 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. NoC
  2. QoS
  3. SoC
  4. performance analytical model
  5. real-time guarantees
  6. wormhole switching

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

ICCAD '09
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 457 of 1,762 submissions, 26%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)2
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 01 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2018)Application Specific Networks-on-Chip Synthesis: An Energy Efficient Approach2018 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI)10.1109/ISVLSI.2018.00020(52-57)Online publication date: Jul-2018
  • (2017)Real-time communication analysis for networks-on-chip with backpressureProceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation & Test in Europe10.5555/3130379.3130513(590-595)Online publication date: 27-Mar-2017
  • (2017)Real-time communication analysis for Networks-on-Chip with backpressureDesign, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 201710.23919/DATE.2017.7927055(590-595)Online publication date: Mar-2017
  • (2016)Performance Evaluation of NoC-Based Multicore SystemsACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/287063321:3(1-38)Online publication date: 11-May-2016
  • (2015)Designing Area Optimized Application-Specific Network-On-Chip Architectures while Providing Hard QoS GuaranteesPLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.012523010:4(e0125230)Online publication date: 21-Apr-2015
  • (2015)Least Upper Delay Bound for VBR Flows in Networks-on-Chip with Virtual ChannelsACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/273337420:3(1-33)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2015
  • (2014)NoC contention analysis using a branch-and-prune algorithmACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/256793713:3s(1-26)Online publication date: 28-Mar-2014
  • (2014)Hop-Based Priority Scheduling to Improve Worst-Case Inter-core Communication LatencyProceedings of the 2014 12th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing10.1109/EUC.2014.17(52-57)Online publication date: 26-Aug-2014
  • (2013)Performance evaluation of multicore systemsProceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design10.5555/2561828.2561845(82-84)Online publication date: 18-Nov-2013
  • (2013)Designing best effort networks-on-chip to meet hard latency constraintsACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/2485984.248599612:4(1-23)Online publication date: 3-Jul-2013
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media