n

Etymology 1

Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵏ (n, “of”) and Proto-Semitic *lV-, whence Hebrew לְ־ (lə-, “to, for, of”) and Arabic لِـ (li-, “to, for, belonging to”).^[1]

Preposition

1. to, for (dative)
2. in the direction of, towards
3. (of time) for, until
4. because of
5. used idiomatically with certain verbs

Inflection

Adverbial forms of n  

nj	n

Alternative forms

Before a noun it can be written thus:

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of n  

nj

This should not be confused with the negative particle, which is written identically.

Derived terms

• ꜣḫ n
• ꜣḫ-n-jtn
• jwtj-n.f
• ꜥnḫ.s-n-jmn
• n ꜣbw
• n ꜣbb
• nj
• n jb n
• n ꜥꜣt nt
• n mrwt
• n ntt
• n ḥrt
• ntj n.f
• rḏj jb n
• rḏj wꜣt n
• snb-n.j

 

Etymology 2

Adjective

1. Abbreviation of nj (“of, belonging to (genitival adjective)”).

Etymology 3

Pronoun

 pl 1. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

1. we, us (see usage notes)

Usage notes

This form of pronoun is an enclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:

• When it follows a verb, it indicates the object of the verb.
• In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms the subject of an adjectival sentence.
• When it follows a relative adjective, such as ntj, ntt, or jsṯ, it indicates the subject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
• When it follows an imperative, it indicates the subject or the object of the verb.
• When it follows a particle like m.k, it indicates the subject of the clause.
• When attached to a preposition, it indicates the object of the preposition.

Inflection

More information number, first person ...

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj1	.ṯ, .ṯn	.f, .fj1	.s, .sj1
	dual	.nj	.ṯnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn		.sn
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	w, wj, wy	kw, k, ṯw, ṯ	ṯm, ṯn	sw, s	s
	dual	—	ṯnj		snj
	plural	n	ṯn		sn
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ṯwt	ṯmt	swt	stt
	dual	—	—		ntsnj
	plural	—	ntṯn		ntsn, jntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kj, .k	.tj, .t		∅, .j	.tj, .t
	dual	—	.tjwn		.wy, .wj	.ty
	plural	.wn, .nw			∅, .w, .y, .wy	.tj, .t
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle.

Close

Old Egyptian personal pronouns

More information number, first person ...

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj1	.ṯ, .t	.f, .fj1	.s, .sj1
	dual2	.nj	.ṯnj, .tnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn, .tn		.sn, .w3
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	wj, w	ṯw, tw	ṯn, tn	sw, st	sj, s, st
	plural	n	ṯn, tn		sn, st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ntk, ṯwt2	ntṯ, ntt, ṯwt2	ntf, swt2	nts, swt2
	plural	jnn3	ntṯn, nttn		ntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kw	.tj, .t, .tw3		∅, .w	.tj, .t, .tw3
	plural	.wn, .wjn	.tjwn, .tjwnj		∅, .w, .y
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns3	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	sj, st
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.

Close

Middle Egyptian personal pronouns

More information number, first person ...

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kw	.t	.f, .fj	.s, .st, .sw
	plural	.n	.tn, .twn		.w, .sn1
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns1	singular	wj	tw, tj		sw, st
	plural	n, wn	twn		sn, st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	mntk, mtwk	mntt, mtwy	mntf	mntst, mntjst
	plural	jnn	mnttn		mntw
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings1	singular	.kw, .k	.tj, .tw		∅, .w, .y	.tj, .tw
	plural	.nw	.tn		∅, .w, .y
	unmarked (later)	∅, .tw
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	st, sw
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st, sw, swt
Only in formal texts, especially religious texts.

Close

Late Egyptian personal pronouns

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of n  

n	n	wn
	[Late Egyptian]	[Late Egyptian]

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 43, 51, 86–87, 90–91, 117–118, 127.
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 124
• Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /no/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /n/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called no and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈenː/

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called enn and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n/

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. The sixteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and n for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæn/, [ˈæn] (letter name)
• IPA^(key): /ˈen/, [ˈe̞n] (letter name, dated)

• Audio: än, nänni, nuppu, än:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æn

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called än or en and written in the Latin script.

Noun

n

1. Abbreviation of naiset (“ladies”) (used to mark toilets and similar installations to be for women only)

   Synonyms: naiset, (rare) rouvat

   Antonyms: m, miehet, (rare) herrat

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ɛn/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
   • 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche‎^{fr.Wikisource}, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:

     Avec ces propos et d’autres semblables, le pauvre gentilhomme perdait le jugement. Il passait les nuits et se donnait la torture pour les comprendre, pour les approfondir, pour leur tirer le sens des entrailles, ce qu’Aristote lui-même n’aurait pu faire, s’il fût ressuscité tout exprès pour cela.

     With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to consider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, which Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurrected for that very purpose.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n/

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Article

n

1. Nonstandard form of 'n.
   • 1984, Wolfdietrich Schnurre, Ein Unglücksfall: Roman, page 172:

     „Hat uns vorhin so n Mensch von der Dingsbums gebracht.“ „Von der Kultusgemeinde.“ Avrom hebt zwinkernd die Augen vom Buch; er lächelt. Muß ne anrührende Stelle gewesen sein, was er da grade liest. „Was heißt ‚so n Mensch‘.“

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1999, Regula Schmidlin, Wie Deutschschweizer Kinder schreiben und erzählen lernen:

     […] also die Geschichte hab ich genannt (äh) die Froschsuche weil da war so n Junge und mit em Hund und die haben dauernd ihren Frosch immer angeguckt im Wasser und dann einmal in der Nacht is er weggehüpft […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2012, Gustav Falke, Die Kinder Aus Ohlsens Gang, page 92:

     »Wenn ick de jungen Lüd nich harr und de Kinner – so n Mann, Herr Lehrer, so n Mann! aber ick hev en nu. He schall mi mol Muck seggn. Rut smiet ick em.« »Das lassen Sie nur lieber nach, Frau Krahnstöver. […] «

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2014, Manuel Mayer, Schwule Akten: Fußballstar und Tennisprofi geoutet, Himmelstürmer Verlag, page 58:

     Und da Sex Sponsoren anzieht, würde so n Kerl ein so großes Medienecho hervorrufen, sodass wir noch Jahrhunderte davon hören würden ...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Romanization

n

1. Romanization of 𐌽

Etymology

From African origin. Cognate with Kabuverdianu n.

Pronoun

n

1. I (first person singular)

Etymology

Contraction of nou, from French nous.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n/

Pronoun

n

1. Contraction of nou.

Pronoun

n

1. I

References

• Jef Verschueren, Pragmatics at Issue: Selected Papers (1991, →ISBN
• Bernard Comrie, Maria Polinsky, Causatives and Transitivity (1993, →ISBN, page 317: Haruai has a serial verb construction, in which all verbs but the last take no inflections whatsoever (the only instance in Haruai where a verb can appear inflectionless), as in (3): n dw röbö p-n-a I go water get-FUT(-1SG)-DEC

Alternative forms

• (letter name) nū

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈnuː/
• (phoneme) /n/

Letter

n

1. The tenth letter of the Hawaiian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈn]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈɛnː]

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The twenty-second letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called enn and written in the Latin script.
2. character as a unit of measurement (one of the basic elements making up a text file or string)

   Synonyms: karakter, leütés, betűhely

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• n in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ɛnː/

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /n/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ne/

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 1

Etymology 2

From English n (“shortening of and”).

Letter

n f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case N)

1. The twelfth letter of the Italian alphabet, called enne and written in the Latin script.

Romanization

n

1. Rōmaji transcription of ん
2. Rōmaji transcription of ン

Etymology

From African origin.

Pronoun

n

1. I (first person singular)

Etymology

From Proto-Berber *n, from Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵏ (n), see there for more.

Preposition

n

1. of, genitive preposition

   azemz n tlalit

   date of birth

2. used between a numeral and a noun

   Ttmeslayeɣ snat n tutlayin.

   I speak two languages.

   (literally, “I-speak two of languages”)

3. used before a year

   di useggas n 2021

   in 2021

   (literally, “in year of 2021”)

Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog n. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English n.

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʔen/ [ʔen]
  • Rhymes: -en
• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /n/ [n]

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called en and written in the Latin script.

References

• Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and n for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Numeral

n • (en)

1. Alternative spelling of N (en).

Article

n

1. a (+ masculine noun)

See also

• na
• n'

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n/, [n̩˧]

Interjection

n

1. OK

References

• Mark Wannemacher (2011) A phonological overview of the Lacid language‎, Chiang Mai: Payap University., page 11

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. A letter in the Latin alphabet, representing the sound /n/

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [n]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Latvian alphabet, called en and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /n/

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. The twentieth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n/
• IPA^(key): /m/ (by assimilation to a following labial)
• IPA^(key): /n/, [ŋ] (by assimilation to a following velar)

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

Romanization

n

1. Nonstandard spelling of ń.
2. Nonstandard spelling of ň.
3. Nonstandard spelling of ǹ.

Letter

n (upper case N)

1. A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [n], (in ng, nk) [ŋ], (syllabic) [n̩], [ŋ̍], [m̩]

Letter

n (lower case, upper case N)

1. A letter of the North Frisian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (North Frisian letters): a, ä, å, ā, b, c, d, đ, e, ē, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, ö, p, r, s, t, u, ü, v, w (q, x, y, z)

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /enː/, /ɛnː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /n/, (in rn) /ɳ/, (in ng and nk) /ŋ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

n