j

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /i/
  • Conventional anglicization: i

Interjection

1. O! (vocative interjection)

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j	j	j	j	jꜣ
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]

Verb

1. (transitive) to say

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j	j	j

Noun

 m

1. (rare) statement, report, word (about someone’s good qualities) [Pyramid Texts]
   • c. 2255 BCE – 2246 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Merenre — west wall of the corridor’s north section, line 25–27, spell 609.18–22:^[1]

     
     
     
     
     

     jn m j n (j)fd(w) jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     wṯz.sn j.k pn nfr n nḥb-kꜣw
     ḏd.n n.k zꜣt.k jdt
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw j.k pn nfr n psḏtj

     • Translation by Allen^[2]

       A statement will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from the eastern side of the sky, and they will bear this good statement of you, which your daughter the Cow has spoken for you, to Kas-Assigner, and Kas-Assigner will bear this good statement of you to the Dual Ennead.

   • c. 2246 BCE – 2152 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Pepi II — east wall of the corridor’s south section, line 6–8, spell 609.18–22:^[3]

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     [jn jj]j n(j) ppy [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ n jfdw jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m] gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     [wṯz].sn jjj n(j) [ppy] nfr-kꜣ-[rꜥ] pn nfr n nḥ[b-kꜣw]
     [… p]py [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ] ḏ[d.n n.k zꜣt].k [jd]t
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw jj[j n(j)] ppy nfr-kꜣ-rꜥ pn [nfr n psḏtj]

     • Translation by Allen (modified)^[2]

       [A state]ment of Pepi [Nefer]ka[re will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from] the eastern side of the sky, and they [will bear] this good statement of [Pepi] Neferka[re … Pe]pi [Nefer]ka[re], which your [daughter the Co]w [has] spo[ken for you], to [Kas-As]signer, and Kas-Assigner will bear this [good] state[ment of] Pepi Neferkare [to the Dual Ennead].

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

jjj	j

Noun

 m

1. some part of a reed, likely panicles or leaves

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of j  

j

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 25, 25.5
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 7
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 199, 319, 455.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jo/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /j/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjotʲː/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called jodd and written in the Latin script.

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and j for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• Audio; “jii, Jaakko, tarjous, jii”:

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒi/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Romanization

j

1. Romanization of 𐌾

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈj]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈjeː]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called jé and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /jɔðː/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒe/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒe/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Letter

j f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case J)

1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog j. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English j.

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈdjej/ [ˈd͡ʒei̯]
  • Rhymes: -ej
• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/ [d͡ʒ]

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called dyey and written in the Latin script.

References

• Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Karelian alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v, Y y, Ä ä, Ö ö, ʼ

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [j]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called jē and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χ/

Letter

j (uppercase J)

1. A letter of the Mam alphabet.

Pronoun

j

1. Alternative form of I (“I”)

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jeː/, /jodː/, [jeː], [jɔdː]
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [j], [jː]

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. Antepenultimate letter of the Norwegian alphabet, coming after i and before k.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɔt/

Letter

j (upper case J, lower case)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/

• Audio (Brazil):

  (file)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

References

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒ/

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or jî and written in the Latin script.

Alternative forms

• J (uppercase)

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

Letter

j (Cyrillic spelling ј)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and j for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʝ/

Letter

j (upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (phoneme) /x/
• IPA^(key): (letter name) /ˈxota/ [ˈxo.t̪a]

  • Audio (Spain):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ota

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Pronunciation

Letter name

• IPA^(key): /jiː/

Phoneme

• IPA^(key): /j/, /ɧ/
  • Homophone: g (in some positions)

Letter

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called ji and written in the Latin script.