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Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

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Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

NagarjunaSagarDam.JPG
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is
Dam
Sagar
Nagarjuna
located in India
Location of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

Ocial name

Nagarjuna Sagar
Dam
Nalgonda district,
Telangana

Location

163432N 791842E /
16.57556N

Coordinates

79.31167ECoordinates:
163432N 791842E /
16.57556N 79.31167E

Construction began 10 December 1955

Opening date

1967

Construction cost

1300 crore rupees

Dam and spillways

Impounds

Krishna River

Height

124 metres (407 ft)

from river level

Length

1,550 metres
(5,085 ft)
Reservoir

Creates

Nagarjuna Sagar
Reservoir

Total capacity

11,560,000,000 m
(9,371,845 acreft)

Active capacity

5,440,000,000 m3
(4,410,280 acreft)[1]

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Catchment area

215,000 square
kilometres
(83,000 sq mi)

Surface area

2
285 km (110 sq mi)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagarjuna_Sagar_Dam

Power station
Commission date

1978-1985

Turbines

1 x 110 MW
(150,000 hp) Francis
turbines, 7 x
100.8 MW
(135,200 hp)
reversible Francis
turbines

Installed capacity

816 MW
(1,094,000 hp)

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is the world's largest masonry dam. It was built on the
Krishna River at Nagarjuna Sagar in Nalgonda district of Telangana state, India. The
construction duration of the dam was between the years of 1955 and 1967. The dam
created a water reservoir whose capacity is 11,472,000,000 cubic metres
(4.051 1011 cu ft). The dam is 490 feet (150 m) tall and 0.99 miles (1.6 km) long
with 26 gates which are 42 feet (13 m) wide and 45 feet (14 m) tall. [2] Nagarjuna
Sagar was the earliest in the series of large infrastructure projects initiated for the
Green Revolution in India; it also is one of the earliest multi-purpose irrigation and
hydro-electric projects in India. The dam provides irrigation water to the Nalgonda,
Prakasam, Khammam, Krishna and Guntur districts along with electric power to the
national grid.

Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

History
Data
Eect of the project
Power generation
Tapping dead storage potential
See also
Notes
References
External links

History[edit]
The proposal to construct a dam to use the excess waters of the Krishna river was
planned by the British Engineers in 1903 to irrigate Guntur. Since then, various

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competing sites in Siddeswaram, Hyderabad and Pulichintala were identied as the

most suitable locations for the reservoirs. The perseverance of the Raja Vasireddy
Ramagopala Krishna Maheswar Prasad (Raja of Muktyala) who donated 55000 acres
of his land and fty ve million Brtish Pounds in wealth paved way for the site
identication, design and construction of the dam.[3][4][5] Nagarjunasagar was the
earliest in the series of "modern temples" taken up to usher in the Green Revolution
in India.[4] The dam was built with local know how under the able engineering
leadership of K.L. Rao.
Project construction was ocially inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
on 10 December 1955 and proceeded for the next twelve years. The reservoir water
was released into the left and right bank canals by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in
1967.[6] Construction of the hydropower plant followed, with generation increasing
between 1978 and 1985, as additional units came into service.
Foundation stone of
Nagarjuna Sagar
The construction of the dam submerged an ancient Buddhist settlement,
Nagarjunakonda, which was the capital of the Ikshvaku dynasty in the 1st and 2nd
centuries, the successors of the Satavahanas in the Eastern Deccan. Excavations here
had yielded 30 Buddhist monasteries, as well as art works and inscriptions of great
historical importance. In advance of the reservoir's ooding, monuments were dug up
and relocated. Some were moved to Nagarjuna's Hill, now an island in the middle of
the reservoir. Others were moved to the mainland.[7]

Data[edit]
Catchment Area : 215,000 km2 (83,000 sq mi)
Location of dam : Nalgonda District and Guntur
Reservoir
-+Water spread area at FRL of dam : 285 km2
Masonry dam
Spillway of dam : 471 m
Non-over ow dam : 979 m
Length of Masonry dam : 1450 m
Maximum height : 125 m
Capacity in TMC's : 157.61
Earth dam
Total Length of Earth dam : 3414 m
Maximum height : 128 m
Power Generation
Power Units : 1 No. conventional (110 MW capacity), 7 nos Reversible (100
MW capacity)
Canal power house
Right side : 3 units 30 MW (each)

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Left side : 2 units 30 MW (each)[8]

Eect of the project[edit]

Nagarjuna Left Canal
Nagarjuna Sagar right Earth
Dam
The project beneted farmers in the districts of Nalgonda, Guntur, Krishna, Prakasam
and Khammam. The right canal (Jawahar canal) is 203 km (126 mi) long and irrigates
1.113 million acres (4,500 km2) of land. The left canal (Lalbahadur Shastri canal) is
295 km (183 mi) long and irrigates 0.32 million acres (1,300 km2) of land in Nalgonda
and Khammam districts of Telangana region. The project transformed the economy of
above districts. 52 villages were submersed in water and 24000 people were aected.
The relocation of the people was completed by 2007.[5]

Power generation[edit]
The hydroelectric plant has a power generation capacity of 815.6 MW with 8 units
(1x110 MW+7x100.8 MW). First unit was commissioned on 7 March 1978 and 8th
unit on 24 December 1985. The right canal plant has a power generation capacity of
90 megawatts (120,000 hp)with 3 units of30 megawatts (40,000 hp) each. The left
canal plant has a power generation capacity of 60 megawatts (80,000 hp) with 2 units
of 30 MW each.[9] The tail pond is under advanced stage of construction to put to use
the pumped storage features of 7x100.8 MW units.
Many times, it happens that power generation from the 150 MW canal based units is
not optimised when the Nagarjunasagar reservoir is overowing on its spillway and
very less water is required for irrigation from the canals during the monsoon oods.
Power generation from canal based hydro units can be optimised by running these
units during the ooding period by releasing the water fully in to the canals. The
unwanted canal water can be released in to the natural stream when it is crossing the
major stream. Thus run o power can be generated from the water going down
unutilised in to the river by the canal based power units also.
Also, the water level in the Nagarjunasagar reservoir shall be maintained above the
minimum level required for these units in most of the time by releasing water from
the upstream Srisailam reservoir to optimise the power generation from the canal
based units during dry season.

Tapping dead storage potential[edit]

The left and right bank canals sill level is xed at 490 feet (150 m) MSL to supply
irrigation water to two million acres. The unutilized storage capacity is nearly 180
TMC below the canals sill/bed level. Nagarjuna Sagar reservoir also meets the

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Krishna delta water requirements to the extent of 100 TMC by letting water down
stream into the river. Nearly 1.3 million acres (5,300 km2) is irrigated under Krishna
Delta Canals. There is a possibility to utilize most of this idle dead storage capacity to
store the river ood water further and use as carry over storage. Nearly 150 TMC idle
storage up to 380 ft MSL, can be used leaving 30 TMC for silt settlement. This is
possible by installing Water Powered Pump[10] (WPP) units at the base of the dam.
WPP units are to be located at the toe of the Nagarjuna Sagar dam with tail water
level of 240 ft MSL on either side of the river. The WPP units can be connected below
380 ft MSL level to the reservoir with the technique called under water reservoir /
lake tapping.[11] Under water lake tapping method was implemented successfully in
Koyna Hydroelectric Project to install additional hydroelectric units without emptying
the Koyna reservoir. The cost would be Rs 15 billion for utilizing 150 TMC storage
additionally. If the same storage is created under a new reservoir, it would cost not
less than Rs 50 billion. Water can be supplied to high level canals at sill 580 ft MSL on
both right and left banks without consuming electricity with WPP units to irrigate dry
lands further in Nalgonda, Warangal, Khammam, and Guntur districts

See also[edit]
Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal
List of reservoirs and dams in India

Notes[edit]
1. ^ "India: National Register of Large Dams 2009". Central Water Commission.
Retrieved 7 August 2011.
2. ^ "Nagarjunasagar". Archived from the original on 2007-01-24. Retrieved
2007-01-25.
3. ^ "Rao, K.L., Cusecs Candidate: Memoirs of an Engineers hi, 1978, Metropolitan,
p. 31"
4. ^ a b The Hindu : Magazine / Focus : Taming the Krishna
5. ^ a b Welcome to APGENCO
6. ^ "Taming the Krishna". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2005-12-18. Retrieved
2007-01-24.
7. ^ "Nagarjunakonda". Retrieved 2007-01-25.
8. ^ Brief Prole of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
9. ^ Andhra Pradesh Hydel Power plants
10. ^ Nagarjuna Sagar Water Powered pump (WPP) Units
11. ^ Lake tap

References[edit]

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www.aponline.gov.in
[1]

External links[edit]
Media related to Nagarjuna Sagar Dam at Wikimedia Commons
Nagarjuna Sagar - Community Website & Photo Gallery
Article on the dam in The Hindu
Tale of Nagarjuna Sagar
v
t
e

Krishna basin

Rivers

Dams,
barrages

Bhadra
Bhima
Ghataprabha
Koyna
Malaprabha
Musi
Paleru
Munneru
Tunga
Tungabhadra
Vedavathi
Almatti Dam
Bhadra dam
Dhom Dam
Ghataprabha
Joorala
Koyna Dam
Malaprabha
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
Nagarjuna Sagar tail pond
Narayanpur Dam
Osman Sagar
Prakasam Barrage
Pulichintala
Rajolibanda Dam
Srisailam Dam
Sunkesula
Tungabhadra Dam

Godavari
River.png

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Warna

Hydro power
stations

Almatti Dam
Bhadra
Joorala
Kanher Dam
Koyna
Munirabad
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
Nagarjuna Sagar tail pond
Pulichintala
Radhanagari dam
Srisailam Dam
Tungabhadra Dam

Geographical
features/
regions

Marathwada
Karnataka
Telangana
Coastal Andhra
Konkan
Deccan Plateau
Western Ghats
Eastern Ghats

Maharashtra

Riparian
districts

Karnataka

Sangli
Pune
Beed
Osmanabad
Solapur
Latur
Sindhudurg
Ratnagiri
Kolhapur
Haveri
Raichur
Gulbarga
Bijapur
Bagalkot
Bidar
Uttara Kannada
Dharwad
Bellary
Dakshina Kannada
Udupi
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Davanagere
Shimoga
Haveri
Gadag
Chikmagalur
Chitradurga
Koppal
Tumkur
Belgaum

Telangana

Medak
Warangal
Khammam
Nalgonda
Ranga Reddy
Mahboobnagar
Hyderabad
Karimnagar

Andhra
Pradesh

Krishna
Guntur
Kurnool
Ananthapur
Prakasam

Cities

Hyderabad
Pune
Vijayawada
Bagalkot
Karad
Ballary
Hubli

Ores and
Minerals

Iron ore
Dolamite
Lime stone
Granite
Gold
Coal

Oil/ gas
elds

Krishna Godavari Basin

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Industries

Vijayawada Thermal Power Station

Raichur Thermal Power Station
Yeramarus Thermal Power Station
Solapur Super Thermal Power Station
Bellary Thermal Power station
Kudgi Super Thermal Power Project
Jindal steel, Bellary
Kudremukh Iron
Cement plants

Transport

NH 4
NH4A
NH5
NH 13
NH14
NH7
NH 18
NH9
NH48
NH63
NH 202
NH204
NH218
NH206
NH221
NH234

Pollution
concerns,
River basin's
sustainable
productivity
& ecology

Algal bloom in reservoirs

High-alkalinity of river water
Cyanide pollution from gold mines
No eective ood control plan
Alkali salts / high pH ash water run o from coal red
power stations
Inadequate salt export to sea leading to formation of
saline/ alkali soils
Excessive exploitation of river water causing
insucient environmental ows
Coastal land erosion due to inadequate water reaching
the Sea.
Excessive silting of reservoirs due to deforestation and
mining activities.
Poor reservoirs management in terms of irrigation
water supply, power generation & ood control.

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Related
topics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagarjuna_Sagar_Dam

Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal

Other river
basins

Godavari
Penna
v
t
e

Hydrography of Andhra Pradesh

Rivers

Waterfalls

Champavathi
Cheyyeru
Chitravathi
Godavari
Gosthani
Gundlakamma
Koringa
Krishna
Maldevi
Nadari
Nagavali
Papagni
Penner
Sabari
Swarnamukhi
Tammileru
Tungabhadra
Vamsadhara
Vedavathi
Duduma Waterfalls
Ethipothala
Kailasakona
Mallela Theertham
Talakona
Ubbalamadugu

Lakes

Pulicat Lake
Kolleru Lake

Dams

Dowleswaram
Jalaput

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Nagarjuna
Prakasham
Srisailam

Ports,
proposed
ports

Gangavaram
Kakinada
Krishnapatnam
Ramayapatnam
Visakhapatnam

Related
topics

Godavari basin
Krishna basin
Penna basin

Hydrography
of
surrounding
areas

Odisha
Chhattisgarh
Maharashtra
Karnataka
Tamil Nadu
Telangana
v
t
e

Hydrography of Telangana

Rivers

Waterfalls

Godavari
Krishna
Maner
Pranhita
Munneru
Manjira
Musi
Palar
Tungabhadra
Bhima
Penganga
Wardha
Dindi
Taliperu
Kuntala
Kaigal
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Pochera

Lakes

Himayat Sagar
Hussain Sagar
Lotus Pond
Osman Sagar
Pakhal
Palair
Shamirpet
Saroornagar
Laknavaram

Dams

Nagarjuna Sagar
Srisailam
Sriram Sagar
Nizam Sagar
Singur
Jurala
Lower Manair Dam
LMD
Pulichinthala
Yellampalli
Rajolibanda Dam
Icchampally
Majira

Related
topics

Godavari basin
Krishna basin

Hydrography
of
surrounding
areas

Odisha
Chhattisgarh
Maharashtra
Karnataka
Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagarjuna_Sagar_Dam&

oldid=629107598"
Categories:
Dams completed in 1967
Energy infrastructure completed in 1985
Visitor attractions in Guntur district
Visitor attractions in Nalgonda
Hydroelectric power stations in Andhra Pradesh
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Hydroelectric power stations in Telangana

Dams in Telangana
Nalgonda district
Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations
Dams on the Krishna River
Masonry dams
1985 establishments in India
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Telugu-language text
Coordinates on Wikidata

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