JR Sharma

IT in W A T ER N ew Delhi 28-30, September 2011
Remote Sensing & GI S Applications in W ater

Resources and W eb Enabled Services
D r. J R Sharma
Project D irector, India-W RIS
Group D irector, W RG, N RSC, I SRO - H yderabad
General Manager, RRSC, N RSC, I SRO - Jodhpur
jrsharma@hotmail.com & jrsharma50@gmail.com
WR - Role of RS & GIS

Accurate, adequate and contemporary information on
the state of water resources is must for planning &
water resources management strategy
Increasing public awareness elevates the importance
of water information & enlighten public involvement in
water management / decisions
Satellite Remote Sensing & GPS for temporal, multi scale information generation at country level
Geographic information system (GIS) is an effective
tool for storing, managing, analyzing , displaying and
dissemination of spatial data
2
AIR MOISTURE
W G B
Water
resources
of India
(BCM / Cu KM)
4000
Interception &
Evaporation
Rainfall
2131
Transpiration
Annual river flow :

From
other countries
647 cu Km
To other countries,
>500 MoWR
300
WW
1869
GW
Percolation
Ground Water
Surface
Runoff
BW
UT
1123
Infiltration
Soil Moisture
(Unsaturated Zone)
10812
11,100
cu Km
+
SW 690
GW
433
Seepage
Runoff
Water resources of India at a glance

Average annual rainfall 1160 mm (world 1110 mm)
132 in per capita availability
122 in water quality
Range 150 -11690 mm
Rainy days 5-150, most rain 15 days in 100 hrs
PET 1500-3500 mm
Resource
Quantity
BCM
Precipitation (%)
Annual precipitation (Including snowfall)
4000
100
Evaporation + soil water
2131
53.3
Average annual potential flow in rivers
1869
46.7
Estimated utilizable water resources
1123
28.1
Surface water
690
17.3
Replenishable GW
433
10.8
We Live in Two Worlds
Self - Regulating
Managed
. . . These Are Increasingly In Conflict &

WATER MOST AFFECTED
Major Challenges of Water in India

Increasing Water demand
Reduction or deterioration of available resources
Water use and energy efficiency
Deterioration of water quality
Water logging and soil salinity in irrigated lands
Floods and droughts
Increasing competition /conflict with the environment
Increasing competition/conflict within sectors and within society:
Urban versus agriculture, Upstream versus downstream
Haves versus have nots, National versus international
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fragmentation of management of water / Management of shared resources

Large no. of water infrastructure in the country needs spatial inventory
Currently used water resources potential estimates are old
(CWC: 1988 & 1993 ; NCIWRD:1999)
Significant change in land use / land cover; demographic and utilization

(Sectoral water utilization and its temporal changes)
Address the impact of climate change on water availability and economy

(Impact on resource and use; development and analysis
of scenarios to evaluate water policies)
Large Spatial variations of water availability and demand in space & time
EO & Water Resources Management
IndiaWRIS
Thrust Areas
Basin wise water resources assessment
Groundwater Budgeting
Development of Decision support systems for
WR Management
Flood forecasting and flood inundation modeling
Real time Irrigation management
Irrigation infrastructure
Feasibility Assessment of
River link Projects
National Drinking Water Mission
Reservoir sedimentation
Water logging & soil salinity mapping

Command Area water management
Snow & Glacier lake inventory

Snow melt runoff
Groundwater Potential zones
Irrigation & Drainage maps
Surface water Inventory
1975
Source -NRSC
1980
1985
1990
1995
2005
2007
2009
2010
Project:
W eb GIS
Generation of D atabase & I mplementation of
W eb Enabled W ater Resources I nformation
System I n the Country
Joint Project of CW C and I SRO
Jan. 2009 D ec. 2012
To address challenges in water sector the ultimate

requirement is an information system having four elements:
(1) data input / collection system
(2) data storage, analysis, and transformation into "user-friendly
information
(3) interactive system to geo - visualization & for decision making
(4) information dissemination system in public domain
WR - Inventory & Monitoring

WR - Assessment
WR - Modeling
WR - Climate Change
W eb GI S
Water Security
Management, Planning & WR Development
9
Vision
India-WRIS to provide
Comprehensive, Authoritative & Consistent data
of Indias water resources along with allied
natural resources data & information;
Web enabled tools to Search, Access, Visualize,
Understand, Look into context
and Study spatial patterns.
Goal
Single Window
sol ut i on of al l wat er r esour ces and r el at ed dat a
IN A st andar di zed GIS f or mat i n nat i onal f r amewor k
FOR Wat er r esour ce assessment & moni t or i ng,
Wat er r esour ce pl anni ng and devel opment ,
Int egr at ed wat er r esour ces management &
Foundat i on f or model i ng
T Al l depar t ment s, or gani zat i ons and ot her st akehol der s.
o
10
Although water is a renewable resource, it is only renewable within limits
Role of India-WRIS in National Water Information

Good Water Information
Is the key for right decisions in Water Resources
Management
Data from
varied sources
/formats and
time scale for
all the states
and Union
Territories
of India.
Building National Repository

Water resources data standards
Authoritative and consistent data
Scalable Information System
Quality data and improved water resources information
Range of new value added to water information products
Desired download of raw and processed data
Data extraction (Historic Data analysis)
Dashboard data (current / live)
New
enhanced
Information
Reports
Tools
DSS
New foundation for information generation

End to end water resource information system
Major outcome is increased transparency, quality and

understanding of water resources
Project Phases
Phase 1
Phase 2
Inception
Phase
SC-W 4th meeting
February 15, 2006
A Group of Officers
report
January, 2007
Team of officers report
January 2008
Project scope & contents
Final proposal
submission
August 27, 2008
MOU signed
December 3, 2008
35
Planning
Phase
Organizational Arrangement
Project Secretariat
Review & refinement of
database components
Preparation of technical
guidelines
Project Procurements
Project website
12
Jan. 2009
Phase 3
Action
Implementation
Phase
Project Schedule &
Phasing of work
Approach to work
Group of States
Training, capacity build.
Database generation
& QAS
State workshops
24
Phase 4
Delivery
Phase
Public domain fast track
information system
Establishing and
operation of India-WRIS
National workshop
Documents delivery
36
48
Dec. 2012
12
Deliverables
1. Installation of Web enabled System with A. India-WRIS software
Data visualization tools, Query and discovery tools, Contextual tools,
Visual analysis tools, Metadata & information tools and Reporting tools
B. Spatial and non-spatial data generated in project

and derived information
2. Basin-wise reports
3. Watershed atlas of the country
4. Infrastructure development at CWC
5. Capacity building
Main Information System 12

Sub System 33, Layers - 107
and Attributes - > 4000
I.
BASE DATA INFO SYS
II.
SURFACE WATER INFO SYS
III.
GROUND WATER INFO SYS
IV.
HYDRO MET INFO SYS
V.
WATER QUALITY INFO SYS
VI.
SNOW COVER / GLACIER INFO SYS
VII.
INLAND NAVIGATION WATERWAYS

INFO
VIII.
INTER-BASIN TRANSFER LINKS INFO

SYS
IX.
HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES INFO SYS
X.
LAND RESOURCES INFO SYS
XI.
WATER TOURISM INFO SYS
XII.
SOCIO ECONOMIC INFO SYS
Data types, Scope

& Information Systems
Real
Time
Database
Dynamic
Time series
datasets
Related
Thematic Database
Foundation Geo-database
Generation Administrative
Foundation Geo-database generation
Water resources
14
India-WRIS Project website: Released on 10 December 2009

Developed using Adobe FLEX to enable the users a feature
rich experience augmented with various
tools for data visualization.
The website details:

Water resources of India (Overview)
India-WRIS Project
Visions & Objectives
Scope & Datasets
Deliverables
Background and Project milestones
Partners
Project management
Spatial data
Downloads
Contact us
Feedback section
News and Events
Image galleries
Visitor number
Sitemap
Frequently Asked Questions
Links
http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in
15
India WRIS Beta Version - Released on 7 December 2010
http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/webgis.php
16
Capacity Building under India-WRIS Project

The Major topics covered were as follows
Fundamentals of Remote Sensing
Overview of GIS and components
Database design, structures and management concepts
Data model and database standards
Maps, scale & accuracy, co-ordinate system, projection and georeferencing
Overview of geodatabase
Creation of database and editing, non-spatial data linkage in GIS
Terrain analysis and watershed delineation
Global positioning system
Functionalities of India-WRIS Web-GIS
Training Document
17
India-WRIS Project Documents

A. Project Planning & Management Document (PPMD)
1. PPMD Part I (General Guidelines for Management Practice)
2. PPMD Part II (Financial Guidelines for Management Practice)
B. Software Design
1. Software Design, System Architecture and Data Security
2. Database Organisation and Geodatabase Standards
3. Metadata Standards
C. Technical Common Guidelines
1. General Technical Guidelines An Overview
2. Theme-wise Database Generation Methodology
D. Quality Assurance Documents
1. Quality Assurance of Database Standards & Guidelines
2. Quality Assurance of Software Standards & Guidelines
18
Software/ Technologies Used

Technology
Components
WebGIS
Front end
Software / Technologies
2D
Adobe Flex, HTML, PHP
3D
ArcExplorer, .NET, ArcGlobe
Mobile
.NET(Windows) / Flex(Android) /
JAVA(Symbian)
Meta Data
Visual Basic
Data Generation
(Digital Image
Processing /
GIS Mapping)
ERDAS Imagine, ENVI, ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcSDE,

AutoCAD 3D, Geomatica, IGIS, Map Window Library,
Geodatabase XML
Publishing / Web
Geodata Services
ArcGIS Server
Geodatabase /
Back end
Oracle 11g, MySQL
19
Software Package New interface and Modules

WRIS Info Discovery
1. Hydrological unit
2. Administrative unit
3. Constituency wise
WRIS Explorer
1. Geo-Visualization - 2 D
2. Sub Info Systems
3. WRIS Temporal Analysis
4. Geo-Visualization - 3 D
WRIS Connect
1. Tools
2. Publications
3. Query Interface 4. WRIS Wiki
5. Hydro Observations & AWS data
6. WRIS Mobile
7. WRIS Data Download
8. Report Generation 9. FAQ
Create Your WRIS

1.Analysis 2.Linked Views
3.WRIS Calculator
4.Report Generation
Input Data Builder

Spatial and Non-spatial
SWDES data
Metadata Builder and

Explorer
WRIS Education
Share Success Stories
Digital Watershed atlas

SL.
No.
Hydrological
Levels
Digits
Values
Basin
02
1 20 *
Sub basin
03
XYZ
Watersheds
02
1 - 99
Sub Watersheds
03
L 1 - 99
M 1 - 99
U 1 - 99
Micro
watersheds
02
1 - 99
01 xyz 99
Mahanadi Basin
L99 99
21
Information Systems of India-WRIS

SL. NO.
I.
Main Information System

BASE DATA INFO SYS
Sub Information System

Administrative
Infrastructure
Terrain
II.
SURFACE WATER INFO SYS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
III.
Water Resource Region Info Sys

Basin Info Sys
Watershed Info Sys
River Info Sys
Surface Water Body
Water Resources Projects Info Sys
Command Area Info Sys
Minor Irrigation Info Sys
Canal Info Sys
GROUND WATER INFO SYS
10
11
12
IV.
13
14
15
Aquifer / Litholog Info Sys

Ground Water Level Info Sys
Ground Water Potential Info Sys
HYDRO MET INFO SYS

Meteorological Info Sys
Climate Info Sys
Hydro-Observation Info Sys
SL. NO.
V.
Main Information System

WATER QUALITY INFO SYS
16
17
VI.
Surface Water Quality Info Sys

Ground Water Quality Info Sys
SNOW COVER / GLACIER INFO SYS
18
VII.
Snow Cover/Glacier Info Sys
INLAND NAVIGATION WATERWAYS

INFO SYS
19
VIII.
Inland Navigation Waterways Info Sys
INTER-BASIN TRANSFER LINKS INFO

SYS
20
IX.
Inter-basin Transfer Links Info Sys
HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES INFO SYS
21
22
23
X.
Flood Info Sys

Drought Info Sys
Extreme Events Info Sys
LAND RESOURCES INFO SYS
24
25
26
27
XI.
Land Use / Land Cover Info Sys

Land Degradation Info Sys
Wasteland Info Sys
Soil Info Sys
WATER TOURISM INFO SYS
28
XII.
29
30
Sub Information System
Water Tourism Info Sys
SOCIO ECONOMIC INFO SYS

Rural Info Sys
Urban Info Sys
Water Resources Raw Data Files & Formats from CWC & states
File formats of Soft Copy
Hard copy
Excel
Word
PDF
JPEG/TIF
PPT
Shape files
Others
Total
Total
7477
4629
2726
17011
548
2144
39723
74258
2106
New inventory of
Water Resources assets
Base Documents
used
Soft copy
As per Document nos.

As on Today Nos.
MALOR ASSETS
Attributes
Dam
49
Reservoir
25
Barrages & weirs
59
Irrigation project -M& M
55
Lift irrigation scheme
14
21
NRLD
5100
5185+
Hydro-electric projects
Major And Medium

Irrigation Projects
1800
2700+
Hydro-electric projects
house
Barrages in India
72
450+
Canal
59
Hydroelectric Power
Stations in Operation
182*
1235+
Hydro-meteorological sites
204
Basin
22
River
12th five
Beyond
year plan - India WRIS &
Total
Power
38
531
Information System & User Categories

The website
provides the users about the general information related to the project, vision, objectives,
schedule, progress of work , reduced scale maps of the completed works and gallery of events etc. The
project website will be slowly migrated towards the full web application envisaged in India-WRIS by linking
the appropriate servers.
The information system would have three categories of users and three types of
datasets:
All General users (public domain fast track system) - all users will be able to visit
web portal and get the snapshots of the outcome of the project on reduced scale of
selected database as approved by the committee.
Premium users for India - WRIS -
This category of user will be able to get the

access to the India-WRIS web application with the visualization of selected database
approved by the committee and tools with a password.
CWC Intranet users for India - WRIS - These premier users will be able
to get the full access to the India-WRIS web application with database of all scales. All the
facilities envisaged in India-WRIS as per the user requirements will be accessible by these
users.
MAP POLICY &
HIGH LEVEL COMMITTEE CLEARANCE

25
IT in W A T ER N ew Delhi 28-30, September 2011
IEEE - "A ctionable vision to bring water to the world

MODEL FOR 300-400 mm Rain
Smart Rain Water Harvesting and Multiple Uses For
Human Welfare, Environmental Sustainability and Adaption
to Climate Change Impacts in Semi Arid Regions
Developing End user technology for making
Sustainable development a living reality in semi arid areas
- N urturing through convergence of technologies at grass root level
India-WRIS

JR Sharma

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IT in W A T ER N ew Delhi 28-30, September 2011

Remote Sensing & GI S Applications in W ater

jrsharma@hotmail.com & jrsharma50@gmail.com

WR - Role of RS & GIS

Annual river flow :

Water resources of India at a glance

Annual precipitation (Including snowfall)

Evaporation + soil water

Average annual potential flow in rivers

Estimated utilizable water resources

We Live in Two Worlds

. . . These Are Increasingly In Conflict &

Major Challenges of Water in India

Fragmentation of management of water / Management of shared resources

Significant change in land use / land cover; demographic and utilization

Address the impact of climate change on water availability and economy

EO & Water Resources Management

Water logging & soil salinity mapping

Snow & Glacier lake inventory

Surface water Inventory

Jan. 2009 D ec. 2012

To address challenges in water sector the ultimate

WR - Inventory & Monitoring

Role of India-WRIS in National Water Information

Building National Repository

New foundation for information generation

Major outcome is increased transparency, quality and

B. Spatial and non-spatial data generated in project

Main Information System 12

BASE DATA INFO SYS

SURFACE WATER INFO SYS

GROUND WATER INFO SYS

HYDRO MET INFO SYS

WATER QUALITY INFO SYS

SNOW COVER / GLACIER INFO SYS

INLAND NAVIGATION WATERWAYS

INTER-BASIN TRANSFER LINKS INFO

HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES INFO SYS

LAND RESOURCES INFO SYS

WATER TOURISM INFO SYS

SOCIO ECONOMIC INFO SYS

Data types, Scope

India-WRIS Project website: Released on 10 December 2009

The website details:

India WRIS Beta Version - Released on 7 December 2010

Capacity Building under India-WRIS Project

India-WRIS Project Documents

Software/ Technologies Used

Adobe Flex, HTML, PHP

ArcExplorer, .NET, ArcGlobe

ERDAS Imagine, ENVI, ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcSDE,

Oracle 11g, MySQL

Software Package New interface and Modules

Create Your WRIS

Input Data Builder

Metadata Builder and

Share Success Stories

Digital Watershed atlas