Technology and Livelihood Education

Agriculture 9
Quarter 3, Wk.5
Module 5: Common OHS Hazards

LEARNING TASK LEARNING TASK

Module 5: Common OHS Hazards Lesson 7: Safe, Appropriate &
Week 5 Environmentally Sound Nursery
Read and understand the context and answer Week 6
the following: Read and understand the context and answer
 What I Know the following:
 What’s In  What I Know
 What’s New  What I Have Learned
 What I Have Learned  What Can I Do
 What Can I Do  Assessment 2
 Assessment 1  Q3 3rd Summative Test
Note: Do your best, don’t rely on the answer key Note: Do your best, don’t rely on the answer
sheet.
What This Module is About
This module is all about OHS Hazards, Risks and Its’ Controls.This module contains
activities for you to complete and cover the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to complete
the competency: PREPARE MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR NURSERY WORK,
one of the modules in the Core Competencies for Agricultural Crop Production NC I.

What I Need to Know

Upon doing activities involving Nursery Work, it is important to learn how to practice ways to
prevent accidents and any hazardous acts..At the end of the topic, the learners will be able to:
1. Provide nursery support according to OHS requirement workplace information
2. Identify and report OHS hazards to the authority based on OHS requirements and
company reporting procedures
What I Know

Pre-test
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer form the choices. Write the answer on your answer
sheet.
1. Which of the following is considered a chemical hazard?
A. Dust B. Molds C. Virus and Bacteria D. Solvent and pesticides
2. Hazard associated with lifting, moving of heavy loads are considered
A. Chemical B. Physical agent C. Work design D. Work place
3. What are examples of biohazards?
A. Acids B. Dust C. Pesticides D. Animalborne diseases
4. Expose on chemical as biohazard might happen as:
A. An accident exposure to hazard C. Non exposure to hazard
B. Not a routine exposure to hazard D. Forseen exposure to hazard
5. One of the following is a safe work procedure and process.
A. Store explosives near detonator
B. Secure hazardous substances even not needed
C. Store incompatible chemicals together
D.Store chemical in containers and lock storage room.

What’s In

In a sheet of paper, let the learners enumerate some common accidents that happen in doing farm
work (nursery work).
* Introduce the new terms/ words to widen more the learners’ knowledge in the new topic.

(UNLOCKING OF TERMS)
HAZARDS - a source of danger; the effect of unpredictable forces in determining events
STRESSORS- a stimulus that causes stress

What’s New

Activity No. 2
(INDIVIDUAL ASK)
Directions: Let the learners identify the cause of the following accidents that may happen in any
farm work (nursery work).

1. Muscle pains and cramps -

2. Dizziness-
3. Workers cannot concentrate well doing their jobs-
4. Covering of nose and mouth while working-
5. Fever/ not feeling well-

What Is It

What is hazard?
Hazards are any things that can harm workers. There are health hazards and safety hazards.

Health Hazards 
Think of a health hazard as any agent, situation or condition that can cause an occupational
illness.

There are five (5) types (look for each type during inspection):
1. Chemical Hazards, such as battery acid, solvents and pesticides.
2. Biological Hazards, such as bacteria, viruses, dust and molds. Biological hazards are
often called “biohazards” (e.g., animal borne disease, moldy, tetanus).
 3. Physical Hazard (energy) strong enough to cause harm, such as electric currents, heat,
light, vibration, noise and radiation.
4. Work Design (ergonomic hazards)-such as lifting, moving or repositioning of heavy loads.
5. Workplace Hazard, such as stress associated with work shifts, work load and harassment

  A Health hazard may produce serious and immediate (acute) effects, or cause long term
(chronic) problems. All or part of the body may be affected. Occupational illnesses occur when
someone is exposed to a chemical or biological substance, a physical agent or other stressors that
can harm them. Someone with an occupational illness may not recognize the symptoms
immediately. For example, noise-induced hearing loss is often difficult for victims to detect until it is
advanced and irreversible.

Safety Hazards 
A safety hazard is anything that could cause a physical injury, such as cut or fracture. Safety
hazards cause harm when safety hazard controls are not adequate. Remember to check the
adequacy of controls during your inspections.

What’s More

Using the following steps is practical and effective way of controlling hazards. It can work for a
‘’formal’’ or”informal” inspection. The steps are:
* Spotting known and potential hazards
* Assessing or identifying the risks of these hazards and
* Making the changes that will eliminate or control the hazard.

Step 1: Spot the hazard

A hazard is any situation, activity, procedure, equipment or animal that could harm
someone. When spotting hazards, focus on all farm tasks, equipment and substances. When
listing hazards use:
*Common sense
*Information from past accidents, near accidents and other experiences
*Information from your family, employees, neighbors
*Product literature and information from suppliers

Step 2: Assess the risk

Next, determine the risk of harm for the hazard(s) you’ve spotted. The risk of harm is the
chance (or like hood) that the hazard will actually harm someone. Risk assessment mainly
depends on two factors:
* The likehood of an accident - Is it likely or unlikely to occur?
* The severity of the accident - Could it cause death, serious injury or minor injury?
* To assess the risk of a hazard hurting someone, ask questions like:
- How many people come in contact with the hazard?
-How often?
- How seriously could someone be harmed?
- How quickly could a dangerous situation come up if something goes wrong?
This will help you decide which hazard should be taken care of immediately. Also, you can
use this information to help you decide what to inspect, when to carry them out and how often.
The risk also depends on factors such as the physical and mental abilities of the individual, the
weather terrain and how the equipment is used.

Step 3: Make the Change

There are several ways to control hazards. Pick the way(s) that’s reasonable and practical
for the circumstance you face.
 1. Eliminate hazard posed by equipment, animals, and environment if at all possible. You
could, for example, get rid of faulty machine, sell a bull that is difficult to handle, put hilly terrain
into pastureland rather than cultivate it.
2. Substitute something safer by using a different machine, material or work practice that
poses less risk to perform the same task. For example, you could substitute a safer chemical for a
hazardous chemical or always use your safer tractor in steep terrain to minimize the risk of
rollover.
3. Use engineering/design controls when it’s not possible to eliminate hazards or substitute
safer materials or emergency. PTO and auger guards, rollover protective structures (RORPS) and
brake locks are good example of blocking controls used in farms. Design controls that isolate the
worker/family from the hazard including childproof locks on pesticide sheds, fenced safe play
areas away from immediate work environment and locating grain bins away from electrical lines.
4. Protecting the workers if other controls are inadequate. Protect workers through training
supervision and personal protective equipment. For example, you should supervise new workers
until you’re sure they’re competent to deal with hazardous situation. Use and provide proper
clothes and masks for handling Dangerous chemicals or biohazards.
5. Ensure someone at the worksite is trained in giving first aid.

What I have Learned

In a one whole sheet of paper, cite an example of hazards in nursery work. Make your own
hazard control system by following the steps
Example of Nursery Step 1. Spot the Hazard Step 2. Assess the Risk Step 3. Make the
Work Hazard Change
1.

What Can I Do
PERFORMANCE TASK (PRACTICUM)

In your own locality (backyard garden/ farms/ nursery farms). List some possible hazards that
always happen to you or a known farmer and the preventive measures how to control such hazards.
Examples of hazards Causes Preventive Measures
1.
2.
3.

Summary

In this lesson, you were provided with information and guidelines in Common OHS Hazards,
Risks, and it’s Controls.

Assessment 1(Post Test)

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the best answer form the choices. Write the answer on your answer
sheet.
1. Which of the following is considered a chemical hazard?
A. Dust B. Molds C. Virus and Bacteria D. Solvent and pesticides
2. Hazard associated with lifting, moving of heavy loads are considered
A. Chemical B. Physical agent C. Work design D.Work place
3. What are eexamples of biohazards?
A. Acids B. Dust C. Pesticides D. Animal borne diseases
4. Expose on chemical as biohazard might happen as:
A. An accident exposure to hazard C. Non exposure to hazard
B.Not a routine exposure to hazard D. Foreseen exposure to hazard
5. One of the following is a safe work procedure and process.
A. Store explosives near detonator
B. Secure hazardous substances even not needed
C. Store incompatible chemicals together
D.Store chemical in containers and lock storage room.

Quarter 3
Week 6
Lesson 7: Safe, Appropriate & Environmentally Sound Nursery

What I Know

TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
Write the answer on your answer sheet.

1. Goggle or face shield must be worn where there is risk particles or corrosive material
2. All protective equipment must be maintain in a sanitary condition
3. Smoking is allowed in university building and vehicle
4. Fire extinguisher shall be kept at all times
5. Tools and equipment used by employees at their work station should be in good condition.

What’s In

In undertaking nursery work as directed following and clarify instructions and directions based on
authority requirements and work place procedure are the important skills that you learned in the
previous lesson. Today you will learn the Undertake nursery work safe, appropriate and
environmentally sound manner according to nursery guidelines.

Definition of terms:
1. Safe- it is the term use to define the situation in the Nursery that is far away from dangerous
instances.
2. Appropriate- it is the right thing to do inside the nursery.
3. Environmentally Sound- the term use for having harmoniously workplace like nursery.
4. Nursery guidelines- it’s the standard, etiquette and proper way in doing inside nursery.

What’s New

Read and Comprehend

Case 1: A worker in the UK lost part of his arm while maintaining a forage harvester. He was
helping a colleague to repair the sharpening mechanism on the machine after the stone carriage
had jammed. The worker reached in to remove the blockage when the cutter rotated and caught
his arm by the cutter cylinder. His arm was amputated below the elbow
Cause of accident: Inadequate operator training led to the use of unguarded equipment
Source and date: UK Health and Safety Executive newsletter (HSE), issue 17, Teenage worker
loses part of arm, (February-March 2009)
Case 2: A farmer was injured while clearing a blockage in a harvester. Although the power was
turned off, the victim did not realise that the machine’s chopping mechanism was powered directly
from the power take off (PTO). He fractured and lacerated two fingers. Cause of accident:
Unguarded PTO shaft and no tool provided for clearing blockages safely Source and date: UK
Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website, agriculture pages;
http://www.hse.gov.uk/agriculture/experience/clearing-blockages.htm (Last accessed 3 February
2010)
Case 3: Two agricultural machinery operators had been asked by the head engineer for transport
to change the wheels of a T-150K tractor. Worker No 1 put a jack under the front axle of the
tractor, raised the tractor and put tubular support under its front part. The workers tried to put a
wheel on the axle but it was not possible because the tractor was too high. Worker No 1 entered
under the front part of the tractor with the intention of lowering the machine in order to allow
worker No 2 to put the wheel on. During this operation, the tractor tilted and the metal support did
not bear the additional weight. The tractor moved down onto worker No 1. Worker No 2 saw the
incident, immediately put the jack under the tractor, raised it and pulled out worker No 1. Cause of
accident: workers were not properly equipped to change wheels, unsafe work practice. Source:
Accident report, Lithuania, 2005.

Question:
a. What have you understand in the given cases?
b. What is the lesson of the cases you read?

What Is It

Information Sheet 1.1

Safe Workplace Condition

 Tractors shall have roll over bars installed.
 Seat belts must be installed on tractors.
 Tractors shall have positively locking brakes.
 All moving part on tractors, power take-offs and other equipment must be guarded.
 Hand-held tools must be kept in good condition.
 Short-handled hoes are not permitted for cultivation.
 Appropriate first aid supplies must be available.

Safe Work Practice

 Employees must wear seat belts when operating tractors.

 Parking brakes must be set when leaving equipment.
 Employees must not remove or tamper with guards.
 No one may ride with equipment operator unless the rider is being trained or assisting and the
rider is in a safe location.
 Operator must make sure the equipment is clear before starting up.
 Engines and power sources must be deactivated before performing maintenance service.
 Equipment must stay more than 20 feet from power lines.
 Vehicles must be turned off when refueled.
 Smoking is not permitted during refueling.
 Fuel vapor inhalation shall be avoided.
 No employee may use pesticides unless trained and approved by the supervisor.
 Pesticides shall be mixed per label instructions and training.
 Symptoms of pesticide poisoning shall be reported to the supervisor immediately.
 Employees shall not enter pesticide-treated fields until the pesticide is dry or settled, or
according to posted re-entry intervals.
 Employees shall avoid stooping or squatting to the extent possible.
 Employees shall be trained about biting and stinging pests that are prevalent in the area.
 Employees must notify the supervisor of any snake or animal or severe insect stings.
What’s More

Field/Grounds Worker
Standard Safe Work Practices/Conditions
 All worksites should be kept clean and orderly.
 Work areas should be properly illuminated.
 The work area's ventilation system should be appropriate for the work being performed.
 Spilled materials or liquids must be cleaned up immediately.
 The top step of ordinary stepladders should not be used as a step.
 Tools and equipment used by employees at their work station should be in good condition.
 Broken or damaged tools/equipment should be repaired or replaced as necessary.
 Report all unsafe conditions to the supervisor or safety coordinator.
 Report all work related accidents, injuries and illnesses to the supervisor or safety coordinator.
 In the event of fire, call the supervisor and sound the alarm.
 Upon hearing the alarm, stop work safely, turn off machine and evacuate to the appointed
location.
 Fire extinguishers shall be kept clear at all times.
 Only trained and identified workers may attempt to respond to a fire or other emergency.
 Suitable fire extinguishing equipment is to be available for immediate use.
 Exits shall be kept unblocked, well-lit and unlocked during work hours.
 Do not store excessive combustibles (paper) in work areas.
 Aisles and hallways shall be kept clear at all times.
 No horseplay or use of intoxicating substances is allowed on the premises.
 No food/drink is allowed in areas where there is an exposure to toxic materials or health
hazards.
 No smoking is allowed in University buildings or vehicles.
 Use handrails on stairs and escalators.

Personal Protective Equipment

Goggles or face shields must be worn where there is any danger of flying particles or
corrosive materials.
Safety glasses are required to be worn at all times in areas where there is risk of eye
injuries such as punctures, abrasions, contusions or burns.
Protective gloves, aprons, shields or other means must be worn to guard against cuts,
corrosive liquids and chemicals.
Hard hats must be worn where danger of falling objects exists.
Foot protection is required where there is risk of foot injuries from hot, corrosive, poisonous
substances, falling objects, crushing or penetrating actions.
All protective equipment must be maintained in a sanitary condition and ready for use.
Eye wash facilities and a quick drench shower must be available and maintained within a
work area where employees are exposed to injurious corrosive materials.
Hearing protection must be worn when sound levels exceed those of the Cal/OSHA noise
standard.
Adequate work procedures, protective clothing and equipment must be used when cleaning
up spilled toxic or otherwise hazardous materials or liquids.
Pesticide applicators must wear required safety equipment (gloves, respirators, and
clothing, as appropriate).
What I Have Learned

Activity Sheet 1.2

Instruction: List all the areas of your Nursery and answer the following question.
Areas in Nursery Safety: Appropriate: Environmentally Secured:
Yes/No Yes/No Sound :Yes/No Yes/No
1. Floor
2. Storage (Tool&
Equipment)
3. Seeds & Chemical Area
4. area for mother plant
5. area for seed production
6. area for raising flower
seedlings and.
7. area for storing of
seedlings or vegetative
propagated perennial
plants
8. Ceiling
9. Storage of Soil
*additional of area is encouraged

What Can I Do

Activity Sheet 1.3

Instruction: From the list of area in Activity Sheet 1.2 .Identify the appropriate thing to do to have
safe, appropriate environmentally sound nursery?
Areas in Nursery How to be safe, appropriate environmentally sound nursery
1. Floor
2. Storage
3. Chemical Area
4. area for mother plant
5. area for seed production
6. area for raising flower
seedlings and.
7. area for storing of seedlings
or vegetative propagated
perennial plants

8. Ceiling
9. Storage of Soil
*additional of area is encouraged
Summary

1. Refuse and report unsafe work’

2. Workers have the right to refuse unsafe work. In fact, workers must not carry out (or cause
to be carried out) any task that they have reasonable cause to believe would create an
undue hazard to the health and safety of any person.
3. When a worker discovers an unsafe condition or believes that he or she is expected to
perform an unsafe act, the worker must immediately report it to the supervisor or employer.
The supervisor or employer who receives the report must immediately investigate the
matter. If there is an unsafe condition, it must be corrected without delay.
4. Sometimes the supervisor or employer may not agree that the task is dangerous. In this
case, sections 3.12–3.13 of officer, who must investigate the matter without undue delay
and issue any orders that may be necessary.
5. Workers must not be disciplined for refusing to perform tasks that they have reasonable
cause to believe are dangerous. The worker may be assigned other work at no loss in pay
while the reported unsafe condition is being investigated.

Assessment 2 (Post Test)

TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
Write the answer on your answer sheet.

1. Goggle or face shield must be worn where there is risk particles or corrosive material
2. All protective equipment must be maintain in a sanitary condition
3. Smoking is allowed in university building and vehicle
4. Fire extinguisher shall be kept at all times
5. Tools and equipment used by employees at their work station should be in good condition.
6. No horseplay or use of intoxicating substances is allowed on the premises.
7. Pesticide applicators must wear required safety equipment (gloves, respirators, and
clothing, as appropriate).
8. Workers have the right to refuse unsafe work.
9. Workers must not be disciplined for refusing to perform tasks that they have reasonable
cause to believe are dangerous
10. Employees shall avoid stooping or squatting to the extent possible.
11. Broken or damaged tools/equipment should be repaired or replaced as necessary.
12. Hand-held tools must be kept in good condition.
13. Engines and power sources must be deactivated before performing maintenance service.
14. Appropriate first aid supplies must be available.
15. The top step of ordinary stepladders should not be used as a step.

Q3 AGRICULTURE 3RD Summative Test

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the best answer form the choices. Write the answer on your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following is considered a chemical hazard?
A. Dust B. Molds C. Virus and Bacteria D. Solvent and pesticides
2. Hazard associated with lifting, moving of heavy loads are considered
A. Chemical B. Physical agent C. Work design D. Work place
3. What are examples of biohazards?
A. Acids B. Dust C. Pesticides D. Animalborne diseases
4. Expose on chemical as biohazard might happen as:
A. An accident exposure to hazard C. Non exposure to hazard
 B. Not a routine exposure to hazard D. Forseen exposure to hazard
5. One of the following is a safe work procedure and process.
A. Store explosives near detonator
B. Secure hazardous substances even not needed
C. Store incompatible chemicals together
D.Store chemical in containers and lock storage room.
6. ________ a source of danger; the effect of unpredictable forces in determining events
A. Hazard B. Risk C. Stressor D. Precaution
7. _________a stimulus that causes stress
A. Stressor B. Risk C. Hazard D. Precaution
8. A type of hazards associated with battery acid, solvents and pesticides.
A. Biological hazard C. Ergonomic Hazard
B. Chemical Hazard D. Workplace Hazard
9. A type of hazards associated with viruses, dust and molds and are often called “biohazards”
(e.g., animal borne disease, moldy, tetanus).
A. Ergonomic Hazard C. Biological hazard
B. Workplace Hazard D. Chemical Hazard
10. A type of hazards associated with (energy) strong enough to cause harm, such as electric
currents, heat, light, vibration, noise and radiation.
A. Biological hazard C. Physical Hazard
B. Chemical Hazard D. Workplace Hazard
11. Work Design is sometimes called _______like lifting, moving or repositioning of heavy loads.
A. Biological hazard C. Physical Hazard
B. Chemical Hazard D. Ergonomic Hazard
12. _________is a type of hazard like stress associated with work shifts, work load and
harassment.
A. Biological hazard C. Physical Hazard
B. Chemical Hazard D. Workplace Hazard
13. It is the term use to define the situation in the Nursery that is far away from dangerous
instances.
A. Safe C. Nursery Guidelines
B. Appropriate D. Environmental Sound
12. Right thing to do inside the nursery means you’re doing _______.
A. Safe C. Nursery Guidelines
B. Appropriate D. Environmental Sound
13. A term use for having harmoniously workplace like nursery.
A. Safe C. Nursery Guidelines
B. Appropriate D. Environmental Sound
14. Refers to the standard, etiquette and proper way in doing inside nursery.
A. Safe C. Nursery Guidelines
B. Appropriate D. Environmental Sound
15. The following are Safe Workplace Condition except one.
A. Tractors shall have roll over bars installed.
B. Seat belts is not necessary in tractors.
C. Tractors shall have positively locking brakes.
D. Hand-held tools must be kept in good condition.

B. TRUE OR FALSE
Directions: Write T, if the statement is correct and F, if it is not. Write the answer on your answer
sheet.
_____16. Tractors shall have roll over bars installed.
_____17. Employees must wear seat belts when operating tractors.
_____18. Vehicles must be turned off when refueled.
_____19. Fire extinguishers shall be kept clear at all times.
_____20. Seat belts must be installed on tractors.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

Module 5: Common OHS Hazards

WHAT I KNOW
1. D WHAT’S IN, WHAT’S NEW, WHAT I HAVE
ASSESSMENT 1
2. D LEARNED, WHAT I CAN DO
3. D
Good Luck!
4. A Answer May Vary
5. D

Lesson 7: Safe, Appropriate & Environmentally Sound Nursery

WHAT I KNOW WHAT I HAVE LEARNED, ASSESSMENT 2

1. TRUE WHAT I CAN DO
2. TRUE Good Luck!
3. FALSE Answer May Vary
4. TRUE
5. TRUE
Q3 AGRICULTURE 3RD Summative Test

Good Luck!

KEY TO CORRECTION

Module 5: Common OHS Hazards

WHAT I KNOW
6. D WHAT’S IN, WHAT’S NEW, WHAT I HAVE
ASSESSMENT 1
7. D LEARNED, WHAT I CAN DO
8. D
Good Luck!
9. A Answer May Vary
10. D

Lesson 7: Safe, Appropriate & Environmentally Sound Nursery

WHAT I KNOW WHAT I HAVE LEARNED, ASSESSMENT 2

6. TRUE WHAT I CAN DO
7. TRUE Good Luck!
8. FALSE Answer May Vary
9. TRUE
10. TRUE
Q3 AGRICULTURE 3RD Summative Test

Good Luck!