Report of Micro Project (2) - 1
Report of Micro Project (2) - 1
Report of Micro Project (2) - 1
Mumbai. (M.S.)
MICRO PROJECT
On
“Prepare a list of polluted natural resources which
are responsible for pollution and collect information
on how to manage them”
Submitted by
JOSHI ABHAY CHANDRASHEKHAR
GAIKWAD NIKHIL SANJAY
JADHAV RAHUL DAULAT
G.S. Mandal’s
Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Engineering
Marathwada Institute of Technology,
Polytechnic, Aurangabad.
Date:
Principal
Marathwada Institute of Technology,
Polytechnic, Aurangabad
Micro Project
(Teacher Evaluation Sheet)
Name of Department: Diploma in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
semester: 5
Course Title: _ EST Code: 22447
Title of Micro Project: Prepare a list of polluted natural resources which are
responsible for pollution and collect information on how to manage them.
Roll
Name of Student Enrollment No. Exam Seat No.
No.
JOSHI ABHAY CHANDRASHEKHAR
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Signature of Teacher :
Introduction:-
Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These
harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can
also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants
damage the quality of air, water, and land.
Many things that are useful to people produce pollution. Cars spew pollutants from
their exhaust pipes. Burning coal to create electricity pollutes the air. Industries and homes
generate garbage and sewage that can pollute the land and water. Pesticides—chemical poisons
used to kill weeds and insects—seep into waterways and harm wildlife.
1) Water
2) Oil
3) Natural gas
4) Phosphorus
5) Coal
Rare earth elements
Water:-
What is Water Pollution?
The water they say is life, and indeed they were right. About 70% of the earth
is water, which has undeniably become one of our greatest resources. When we were
young, we learned about the various ways to conserve water because water is used in
almost every important human chores and processes. Water is an essential element in
both domestic as well as industrial purposes.
A closer inspection of our water resources today gives us a terrible shock. Water
is now infested with various wastes ranging from floating plastic bags to chemical waste,
converting our water bodies into a pool of poison.
Water Pollution:-
1) Industrial Waste.
2) Sewage and Wastewater.
3) Mining Activities.
4) Marine Dumping.
5) Accidental Oil Leakage.
6) The burning of fossil fuels.
7) Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
8) Leakage from Sewer Lines.
Oil:-
What is oil Pollution?
Oil pollution can be caused by any spillage of crude oil or its refined products.
However, the largest and most damaging pollution events usually involve spills of
petroleum or heavy bunker fuel from disabled tankers or drill platforms at sea, from
barges or ships on major inland waterways, or from blowouts of wells or broken
pipelines on land.
Oil Pollution
1) Oil spill
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment,
especially the marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is
usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills
may also occur on land. Oil spills may be due to releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore
platforms, drilling rigs and wells, as well as spills of refined petroleum products (such as
gasoline, diesel) and their by-products, heavier fuels used by large ships such as bunker fuel, or
the spill of any oily refuse or waste oil.
Oil spills penetrate into the structure of the plumage of birds and the fur of mammals,
reducing its insulating ability, and making them more vulnerable to temperature fluctuations
and much less buoyant in the water. Cleanup and recovery from an oil spill is difficult and
depends upon many factors, including the type of oil spilled, the temperature of the water
(affecting evaporation and biodegradation), and the types of shorelines and beaches involved.
[1] Spills may take weeks, months or even years to clean up.[2]
Oil spills can have disastrous consequences for society; economically, environmentally,
and socially. As a result, oil spill accidents have initiated intense media attention and political
uproar, bringing many together in a political struggle concerning government response to oil
spills and what actions can best prevent them from happening.
Natural gas:-
What is Natural gas Pollution?
Cleaner burning than other fossil fuels, the combustion of natural gas produces
negligible amounts of sulfur, mercury, and particulates. Burning natural gas does produce
nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are precursors to smog, but at lower levels than gasoline and
diesel used for motor vehicles.
Compared to coal, natural gas causes less damage to the environment. It is made
up of methane and results in less carbon emissions, it also burns cleaner without leaving any
residue. Additionally, natural gas has close to zero emissions of particulate matter, which is one
of the most hazardous pollutants in the air.
Phosphorus:-
What is Phosphorus Pollution?
Phosphorus pollution is caused by excessive use of fertilizers and manure, particularly
when compounded by soil erosion. Phosphorus is also discharged by municipal sewage
treatment plants and some industries .
Coal:-
Coal is an abundant fuel source that is relatively inexpensive to produce and convert to
useful energy. However, producing and using coal affects the environment.
Effects of coal mining.
Surface mines (sometimes called strip mines) were the source of about 64% of the coal
mined in the United States in 2020. These mining operations remove the soil and rock above
coal deposits, or seams. The largest surface mines in the United States are in Wyoming's Powder
River Basin, where coal deposits are close to the surface and are up to 70 feet thick.
Mountaintop removal and valley fill mining has affected large areas of the Appalachian
Mountains in West Virginia and Kentucky. In this form of coal extraction, the tops of mountains
are removed using explosives. This technique changes the landscape, and streams are
sometimes covered with rock and dirt. The water draining from these filled valleys may contain
pollutants that can harm aquatic wildlife downstream. Although mountaintop mining has
existed since the 1970s, its use became more widespread and controversial beginning in the
1990s.
U.S. laws require that dust and water runoff from areas affected by coal mining
operations must be controlled, and the area must be reclaimed close to its original condition.