Lisbon (Portugal)

Lisbon city was the common homeland of many nations in the Early Modern period. This paper studies the signs of the Flemish / Dutch presence in the Portuguese capital, between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, a presence with important contributions to Portuguese civil and military technology, cultural life and specially with an active role in the Trade between Portugal and northern Europe of Overseas products (initially sugar, chilli, pastel, and afterwards «Pau-Brasil», tobacco and diamonds), as well as more traditional products, such as wine and salt. It was a community that despite the periods of diplomatic and military contingency in the sixteenth and seventeenth century (after the closure of the Portuguese factory in Antwerp and the religious wars), maintained a continuous presence in Lisbon, becoming noticed either by their wealth, marked by important urban noble houses and countryside manor houses in the outskirts, the direct exploitation of marine salt, their social organization around Lisbon’s Flemish fraternity and the 2nd generation connection with some of the wealthiest local families thus replicating the Portuguese social patterns.

Uma das características da Lisboa do início da Idade Moderna era ser a pátria comum de muitas nações. No presente texto vamos analisar os sinais da presença na capital portuguesa de uma dessas nações, a Flamenga / Holandesa, que entre os séculos XV e XVIII, além das suas importantes contribuições para a tecnologia civil e militar e para cultura, teve um papel activo no comércio de Portugal para o Norte da Europa, não só de produtos do Espaço Ultramarino (numa fase inicial, no açúcar, malagueta, pastel; e depois no pau-brasil, tabaco e pedras preciosas), como também de matérias mais tradicionais, como o Vinho e o Sal. Foi uma comunidade que apesar dos períodos de contingência diplomática e militar, manteve uma presença contínua em Lisboa com maior incidência no século XVII (depois do fecho da feitoria portuguesa de Antuérpia e das guerras religiosas), destacando-se quer pela sua riqueza, assinalada por importantes palácios citadinos e quintas nobres nos arredores, a exploração directa das marinhas de sal, a sua organização social em torno da confraria dos Flamengos, pela ligação da 2.ª geração a famílias locais mais ricas e pela integração nos padrões sociais da época.

On the second half of the 19th century, Lisbon started to change at an accelerated pace, regarding population growth, urban area increase and industrialization. Although the intensity of these changes cannot be directly compared with the ones occurring more or less at the same time in other European capitals (due to its lesser dimension), they were most useful as a springboard for deeper changes that came only in the 20th century. One of the aspects on those changes was the appearance of a larger number of small industries in several areas of the city. Due to their location and characteristics, they were not always compatible either with the basic structures for handling urban sewage or with public health needs. One of the document series belonging to the archival fond of the Ministério do Reino contains several records related to industrial licensing inside the city and show several aspects of pollution inside the urban space. By identifying and analyzing these records, it is possible to understand the ways by which industry, urban sewage disposal and public health intersected each other.

Resumen: Este artículo analiza modelos de programación musical para audiencias infantiles y juveniles, y su enfoque educativo, a través del estudio de dos instituciones pioneras en el panorama cultural de los servicios educativos de Portugal: la Fundación Calouste Gulbenkian (FCG) y el Centro Cultural de Belén (CCB), ambas en Lisboa. La creación contemporánea, la fusión de lenguajes artísticos y la reflexión sobre lo que la obra representa para artistas y público son las principales líneas de trabajo de la Fábrica das Artes, nombre con que se conoce al Servicio Educativo del CCB. Por su parte, la FCG usa formatos más tradicionales y siente especial atracción por la música culta y por las obras y compositores canónicos del pasado. Se concluye que, pese a tener fórmulas y criterios de programación diferentes, ambos centros constituyen dos modelos válidos para la formación musical del diverso público que participa en sus proyectos educativos. Palabras clave: programación musical en Portugal; creación artística para niños; servicios educativos en instituciones culturales; conciertos educativos. // Abstract: This article analyzes models of musical programming for children and youth audiences, and its educational approach, through the study of two pioneering institutions in the cultural panorama of educational services of Portugal: the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (FCG) and the Cultural Center of Belen (CCB), both located in Lisbon. Contemporary creation, fusion of artistic languages and reflection on what the work represents for artists and public are the main lines of the work Fábrica das Artes, the name with which the CCB's Educational Service is known. For its part, the FCG uses more traditional formats and feels special attraction for erudite music and the canonic works and composers of the past. I conclude that, despite having different formulas and programming criteria, both centers are two valid models for the musical training of the diverse public who participate in their educational projects.

What impact did the cultural origins and religious backgrounds of the merchants in the early modern period have on their business activities? How did these people manage to integrate themselves into the foreign societies within which they lived and worked? In this book Jorun Poettering examines the circumstances of the merchants who traded between Hamburg and Portugal in the seventeenth century. Her study offers new insights into the history of migration and intercultural encounter as world became more interconnected.

Seca, fome e peste. Esta era a situação pela qual passava Lisboa naquela Páscoa de 1506. O rei, como era costume em tais casos, havia saído da cidade, e atrás dele grande parte dos nobres e dos membros da alta burguesia. Enquanto isso, várias procissões pediam a Deus que acabasse com as desgraças que assolavam a população. Neste espírito de exaltação, no domingo 19 de abril, uma semana depois da celebração da morte e ressurreição de Jesus pelos cristãos, um milagre aconteceu na igreja do convento dos dominicanos.

Cet article propose une première analyse des enjeux épistémologiques et pratiques de l’inscription du fado sur la liste du Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel de l’Humanité de l’UNESCO. Il aborde les façons complexes et contradictoires dont cette nouvelle catégorie patrimoniale s’applique à une chanson urbaine, à la fois matérielle et immatérielle, orale et écrite, moderne et traditionnelle, comme le fado. Ce texte fait suite au colloque « Archives vivantes » organisé à l’Université Paris Diderot par Isabelle Barbéris et Evelyne Grossman en 2012.

Reflections on LUZBOA by Kai Becker. Obviously not my text, but certainly one where a few my ideas resonate with the author's experience of the city.

Reflexões sobre a LUZBOA, por Kai Becker. Obviamente, o texto não é meu, mas certamente que nele algumas das minhas ideias entram em ressonância com a experiência de Lisboa vivenciada pelo autor.

Source: Becker, Kai; The dark side of the “White City”, Professional Lighting Design, ELDA+ European Lighting Designer’s Association, N. 52, Nov/Dec. 2006, pp. 14-15.

Fado, Portugal's most celebrated genre of popular music, can be heard in Lisbon clubs, concert halls, tourist sites, and neighborhood bars. Fado sounds traverse the globe, on internationally marketed recordings, as the "soul" of Lisbon. A fadista might sing until her throat hurts, the voice hovering on the break of a sob; in moments of sung beauty listeners sometimes cry. Providing an ethnographic account of Lisbon's fado scene, Lila Ellen Gray draws on research conducted with amateur fado musicians, fadistas, communities of listeners, poets, fans, and cultural brokers during the first decade of the 2000s. She demonstrates the power of music to transform history and place into feeling in a rapidly modernizing nation on Europe's periphery, a country no longer a dictatorship or an imperial power. Gray emphasizes the power of the genre to absorb sounds, memories, histories, and styles and transform them into new narratives of meaning and "soul." (Winner of the 2014 Woodie Guthrie Prize from the International Association for Popular Music, IASPM, US)
Introduction and front matter available as PDF download below and also on scribd: http://www.scribd.com/doc/166025392/Fado-Resounding-by-Lila-Gray

“Celebrar Lisboa. Dejanirah Couto, História de Lisboa, Lisboa, ed. Gótica, 2003”, Revista Lusófona de Ciências das Religiões, nº5/6, Lisboa, Centro de Estudos em Ciência das Religiões da Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 2004, pp.321-323

As usual since the first edition VICENTE, Mário Caeiro’s text establishes the bridge between the authors’ different perspectives, exploring the implicit insight in this year’s theme: ‘On the silence of the Crows, Animal Vicente’. Among the proposed articulations one is to be highlighted: the message of (Saint) Vincent will only make sense if, today, we conscientiously integrate the animal in our lives without subordinating it to the logic of control and utilitarianism. If the animal is constantly present in our discourses and languages, in our daily life symbols, in our emotional behaviours and naturally in our meals, we need to morally ask how we can read the silence of these and other creatures of God. In the text the reader is confronted with animal manifestations in symbols and myths, traditions and fairy tales, literature and contemporary ecosophy.

In 'Vicente '17 – Do Silêncio dos Corvos, Animal Vicente / Vicente '17 – Of the Silence of the Crows, Animal Vicente /

ISBN 978-989-8277-56-5

Como habitualmente desde a primeira edição do VICENTE, o texto de Mário Caeiro estabelece pontes entre as perspectivas enunciadas pelos restantes autores, explorando o insight implícito no tema deste ano: ‘Do silêncio dos Corvos, Animal Vicente’. Entre as articulações propostas, destaque para uma essencial: a mensagem de (São) Vicente só fará sentido se, hoje, integrarmos conscientemente o animal nas nossas vidas, não o subjugando à óptica do utilitarismo e do controlo. Pois que se o animal é uma constante dos nossos discursos e da nossa linguagem, dos nossos símbolos mais quotidianos, dos nossos hábitos afectivos e naturalmente até da nossa alimentação, há que colocar-se a questão ética de como podemos ler o silêncio destas outras criaturas de deus. O texto evoca figurações animais em símbolos e mitos, tradições e contos de fadas, na literatura e na ecosofia contemporânea.

Partindo do conceito de «lieu de mémoire» (cristalizações do passado colectivo plasmadas em objectos, instrumentos ou instituições) desenvolvido por Pierre Nora no início dos anos 80 do século XX – e já brevemente aflorado, no que a Lisboa diz respeito, por João Medina, numa comunicação apresentada às I Jornadas de História Local e Regional (FLUL, 1993) –, procuraremos observar a toponímia da cidade de Lisboa como um exercício de perene recordação da história, tanto nacional, como local. Com a expansão da cidade verificada no último século e meio, muito para além do seu tradicional espaço amuralhado e a abertura de novas artérias, a denominação dos mais recentes espaços viários fez-se recorrendo não apenas a figuras históricas, mas também à memorialização de datas, acontecimentos e conceitos considerados relevantes em cada época histórica. Será nosso objectivo, no presente ensaio, identificar os arruamentos que se enquadram nas tipologias descritas, analisar a sua evolução e, bem assim, proceder à sua contextualização em função do período ao qual se reporta a atribuição toponímica.

PORTELA, Miguel, O Tenente-coronel e Engenheiro Manuel do Couto. Contributo para a sua biografia., Universo Barroco Iberoamericano, Barroco vivo, Barroco continuo. Otras miradas sobre la creación ibero-americana, Editores: QUILES, Fernando e LÓPEZ, Maria del Pilar, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia / E.R.A. Arte, Creación y Patrimonio Iberoamericanos en Redes, España. Bogotá – Colombia / Sevilla, España, 2019, pp. 146-161.

Urban security (or public safety), rather than a “social problem” tackled neutrally, is a issue of political contestation, owing to its threefold gist as right to not be victims of crime, policy goal and social demand. This article, highlighting how planning research has neglected to engage with contemporary paradoxes of security, makes the case for a critical approach to crime prevention and explores the embeddedness of urban security in planning practice in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. We debate the relations of urban security with changing planning paradigms and political approaches around the vertical (multilevel/multi-scale) and horizontal distribution of planning practices.

Urban gardening has seen resurgence in many cities across the globe. Whereas Central European cities have a long tradition of urban gardening and are facing new forms of community gardening, Southern European cities are implementing new urban horticulture programs. In this paper we focus on Leipzig and Lisbon as representatives of the two European regions. After characterizing each city including their gardening approach, we identify governance practices within each city that can be shared. We used fieldwork to identify the main initiatives in both cities and compared their governance status according to a set of predetermined criteria. We conclude that regulatory governance modes, which have been identified in both cities in their different forms of gardening, should be resolved towards more collaborative modes in order to increase socio-ecological resilience. This way, self-determined citizens can react in a more resilient manner under stress or pressure.

Blog post from Lorenz based on the UCLG report "Creating synergies between cultural policies and tourism for permanent and temporary citizens". Translation from the original German text (also available here: https://www.sirenen-und-heuler.de/overtourism-in-lissabon-ist-kultur-die-rettung/)

A Regeneração foi a denominação dada ao período da história da Monarquia Constitucional Portuguesa compreendido entre 1851 e 1868, que teve origem no golpe militar orientado pelo Duque de Saldanha, João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun (1790-1876). Este golpe, perpretado essencialmente contra o Cabralismo, inaugurou um período de estabilidade política e de consenso nacional, durante o qual se procederam a diversas reformas políticas, em especial relativas à Carta Constitucional, bem como económicas, numa clara aposta de uma política de obras públicas que permitisse o crescimento económico, a par do desenvolvimento europeu que então se verificava.

The photo book «Lisboa africana» (1993) reflects (1) the dilemma of the African Lisbon seen as a cluster of diasporas with different origins (Cape Verde, Angola, Mozambique, ...) and (2) the tourists' demand for a Lisbon other than 'white'. This means an incoherent mixture of  two dimensions: giving voice to the political / social task of preserving identity (in the suburbs) and, on the other hand, exposing naive clichés about black bodies in public places or, even worse, reproducing bits of the colonial ethnographic discourse. This incongruity is harmonized by the overall design of a photo book which fits perfectly into Western lifestyle aesthetics.

The elaboration of this work is born, with the awareness of the need for an improvement, in the form of working together, of the various civil protection agents existing in the city of Lisbon. This need is all the more pressing since it can lead to losses for the relief of people and property.
Taking, for example, cases from other national and foreign dispatch centers, I would like to highlight the lack of an Integrated Emergency Center for the city of Lisbon and the benefits that may result. In particular, the case of the Moravian-Silesian Region Emergency Center in Ostrava, Czech Republic, is presented as an example. As both countries of the European Union we can expect a more homogenous comparison.
All these areas are presented in the following work, without prejudice to the fact that other improvements may be proposed in the future, always in favor of the city of Lisbon and its population.

Key words: Lisbon; Ostrava; Comparation; Integrated Emergency Center; Civil Protection Agents

Ce livre met en évidence le rapport entre société, politique et urbanisme d'une capitale européenne en processus de transition démocratique. L'aménagement de Lisbonne fait de cette ville un produit et un modèle de l'urbanisme français, s'intégrant dans un mouvement international de planification urbaine et réunissant les étapes caractéristiques de l'évolution des idéologies de la ville : une expansion suivie d'une période réglementaire et scientitfique puis d'un moment régénérateur, de reconstruction de l'urbanité.

título: Libro del desasosiego · autor: Fernando Pessoa · título original: Livro do Desassossego · edición crítica (2010, INCM; 2013, Tinta-da-china): Jerónimo Pizarro · traducción del texto principal: Ana Lucía De Bastos Herrera · revisión de traducción: Clara Cuéllar Dos Santos · © de esta edición y traducción: bid & co. editor c.a., 2021 · ISBN: 978-980-403-149-6 · depósito legal: dc2021000480 · diseño gráfico: bid & co · imagen de portada: Anónimo: Pessoa en la zona de [la plaza de] Rossio, circa 1928; foto b/n (con intervención digital) · coordinación editorial: Bernardo Infante Daboín · corrección: staff editorial y César Russian · autoedición electrónica: Imprimatur, artes gráficas · edición crítica de Jerónimo Pizarro · edición bilingüe portugués-español

Black Africans in Renaissance Europe

Thomas Foster Earle, K. J. P. Lowe
Cambridge University Press, 26 May 2005

Summary
This book, first published in 2005, opens up the much neglected area of the black African presence in Western Europe during the Renaissance. Covering history, literature, art history and anthropology, it investigates a whole range of black African experience and representation across Renaissance Europe, from various types of slavery to black musicians and dancers, from real and symbolic Africans at court to the view of the Catholic Church, and from writers of African descent to black African 'criminality'. The main purpose of the collection is to show the variety and complexity of black African life in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Europe, and how it was affected by firmly held preconceptions relating to the African continent and its inhabitants. Of enormous importance for both European and American history, this book mixes empirical material and theoretical approaches, and addresses such issues as stereotypes, changing black African identity, and cultural representation in art and literature.

From Pessoa to Pires: A Guided Tour Through Literary Lisbon for participants in the DISQUIET International Literary Program. A summary of movements and themes in Portuguese literature in the order in which a visitor might encounter them via the text of the city.

It is known that the walkable friendliness and livability of space is a function of its physical characteristics, urban design qualities, and individual reactions, in an interrelated way. There is already some evidence regarding the physical aspects that contribute to several urban design qualities, but there are several qualities yet to be measured and the vast majority of research has been focused on North America. This article tries to contribute to this discussion, bringing evidence from Portuguese cities. We have identified physical characteristics that can reflect already measured urban design qualities, namely imageability, enclosure, human scale, transparency and complexity, but also other less known qualities such as legibility, linkage, coherence, and tidiness. A group of experts, consisting of architects, urban planners and designers, validated the urban design qualities and identified the physical characteristics for each. The experts were selected in order to have a broad and diverse group of people, working in different urban settings. Our results validate some of previous identified physical characteristics, but also reveal that their relative importance varies in a European context. Therefore, it seems that the urban design qualities have a different importance in accordance to the urban context, which in turn helps to identify physical characteristics that can be used to measure them.