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Showing posts with label Coral. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Coral. Show all posts

Friday, October 11, 2024

[Cnidaria • 2024] Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis • A New gorgonian (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae) from the Nanji Islands, China


 Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis Sun, Xu & Zhan,

in Sun, Y. Xu, K. Xu, Chen, Xie et Zhan, 2024.  

Abstract
Members of the genus Pseudopterogorgia Kükenthal, 1919 are widely distributed in shallow water of the Indo-West Pacific. During an investigation of benthic biodiversity in the subtidal zone surrounding the Nanji Islands in the East China Sea, two specimens of Pseudopterogorgia were collected and described as a new species based on an integrated morphological-molecular approach. Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis sp. nov. is most similar to P. fredericki Williams & Vennam, 2001 in the irregular branching form and indistinct scaphoids, but differs by the coenenchymal sclerite content of distinct capstans and a few warty spindles and radiates (vs. mostly warty spindles and a few capstans), and a purplish colony (vs. white, pink to deep rose). Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on the mtMutS-COI gene sequences, delineated a monophyletic clade encompassing all assessed Pseudopterogorgia species. Within this clade, P. nanjiensis sp. nov. showed a close phylogenetic affinity with both P. fredericki and P. australiensis Ridley, 1884.

Key words: Anthozoa, COI, Malacalcyonacea, morphology, mtMutS, new species, phylogeny, taxonomy, 28S rDNA

Phylum Cnidaria Hatschek, 1888
Subphylum Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 1834

Class Octocorallia Haeckel, 1866
Order Malacalcyonacea McFadden, van Ofwegen & Quattrini, 2022

Family Gorgoniidae Lamouroux, 1812

Genus Pseudopterogorgia Kükenthal, 1919

The external morphology and polyps of Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis sp. nov.
  A holotype in situ B holotype after collection C paratype after fixation D part of branch under a light microscope E single polyp aperture under a light microscope F sclerites under a light microscope G coenenchyme under SEM H single dissolved polyp aperture under a light microscope.
Scale bars: 2 cm (B); 3 cm (C); 2 mm (D); 0.2 mm (E); 0.1 mm (F, G, H).

 Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis Sun, Xu & Zhan, sp. nov.
 
Diagnosis: Colony non-pinnate and purplish. Branches divided dichotomously and irregularly, nearly in one plane. Polyp retracted and forming a small and oval-shaped protrusion. Sclerites in polyps small flat rodlets, colorless and rare to absent in numbers. Sclerites in coenenchyme red, mostly capstans, a few radiates and warty spindles, and rare scaphoids. Capstans have two whorls of tubercles and blunt ends with irregular arrangements of complex tubercles. Radiates and immature sclerites with two whorls of projections, spindles with 4–8 whorls of tubercles, and scaphoids with similar ornamentation of tubercles on both convex and concave sides.


Tingzai Sun, Yu Xu, Kuidong Xu, Shun Chen, Shangwei Xie and Zifeng Zhan. 2024. A New gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia nanjiensis sp. nov. (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae) from the Nanji Islands, China. ZooKeys. 1213: 237-249. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1213.126841

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Thursday, September 5, 2024

[Cnidaria • 2024] Umimayanthus mirnangga, U. jebarra, U. raksasa, etc. • Museum Collections as Untapped Sources of Undescribed Diversity of Sponge-zoantharian Associations with the Description of Six New Species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia

 
Umimayanthus cf. aruensis (Pax, 1911) 

in Montenegro, Fromont, Richards, Kise, Gomez, Hoeksema et Reimer, 2024. 
 
Abstract
The zoantharian genus Umimayanthus consists largely of species that live in obligate symbioses with sponges. Although zoantharians have often been overlooked in field collecting campaigns and in research, sponges are usually well-collected, and many natural history museums harbor numerous sponge specimens. Thus, these sponge collections may also include previously overlooked zoantharian species. Such is the case in this research, in which we examined sponge specimens in museum collections from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia. Based on our morphological and molecular analyses, we herein describe six species of Umimayanthus new to science, and redescribe another species described over a century ago. These species can be distinguished by their sponge associations, gross polyp and colony morphology, and depth ranges. Based on these findings, it appears that the Central Indo-Pacific region of Western Australia and Indonesia can be considered a hotspot for sponge-associated zoantharian diversity. We provide a key for the identification of all formally described species in the genus, but caution that there are likely more Umimayanthus species awaiting discovery.

Keywords: Anthozoa; biodiversity; coral reefs; Porifera; species descriptions

Phylum Cnidaria Hatschek, 1888 
Subphylum Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 1831 

Class Hexacorallia Haeckel, 1896 
Order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 

Family Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901 

Genus Umimayanthus Montenegro, Sinniger and Reimer 2015


Umimayanthus cf. aruensis (Pax, 1911) 

Umimayanthus mirnangga sp. nov. WAM Z88824 (holotype)

Umimayanthus mirnangga sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “mirnangga” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to a young single woman in the Wunambal language. This in reference to the fact that the colonies of U. mirnangga sp. nov. are exclusively composed of solitary polyps. “mɨrnangga binya” n., B-class young woman. Syn: munangga. See Bengmoro et al. (1971) and Boona (2022).


Umimayanthus jebarra sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “jebarra” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to the emu in Wunambal language. This in reference to the elongated shape of the polyps in U. jebarra sp. nov., which resemble the neck of an emu. As well, the name can act as a memorial to all the emus killed during the Great Emu Wars of 1932 in Western Australia. “jebarra anya” n., A-class. emu. Dromaius novaehollandiae. Syn: garnanganyja; jeebarra. See Mangglamarra (1991) and Karadada et al. (2011).


Umimayanthus wunanggu sp. nov. 

Umimayanthus wunanggu sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “wunanggu” is derived from the phoneme used to refer to the hill white gum tree in Wunambal language. This in reference to U. wunanggu sp. nov. forming colonies of white polyps connected by a thin coenenchyma that extends on a linear branching pattern over the sponge surface. “wunanggu winya” n., W-class. /wunaŋgu/. hill white gum, tropical red box, Eucalyptus brachyandra von Mueller, 1859. See Capell (1941) and Karadada (2011).

Umimayanthus discolor sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “discolor” means multiple colors in Latin. This is in reference to U. discolor sp. nov. forming colonies of polyps with contrasting colorations between the oral disk and the column, stolon, and coenenchyma.


Umimayanthus lynherensis sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer  

 Etymology. The specific epithet “lynherensis” is derived from the locality where the type specimen was collected, the Lynher Bank sea country north Kimberley, Western Australia, Australia.  


Umimayanthus raksasa sp. nov. Montenegro, Kise & Reimer

Etymology. The specific epithet “raksasa”, which means “giant” or “gigantic” in Indonesian, refers to the large size of the polyps of this species in comparison to the other members of its genus.

 
 Javier Montenegro, Jane Fromont, Zoe Richards, Hiroki Kise, Oliver Gomez, Bert W. Hoeksema and James Davis Reimer. 2024. Museum Collections as Untapped Sources of Undescribed Diversity of Sponge-zoantharian Associations with the Description of Six New Species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia.  Contributions to Zoology. DOI: doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10069

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Friday, August 23, 2024

[Ichthyology • 2024] Gaidropsarus mauritanicus • A New three-bearded Rockling (Gadiformes: Gaidropsaridae) from A Deep-water Coral Ecosystem with a genetically verified biogeographical distribution of the genus and notes to its ecology and behavior


Gaidropsarus mauritanicus Knorrn, Beuck, & Freiwald, 

in Knorrn, Beuck, Barros-García, Fernández-Peralta et Freiwald, 2024. 

Abstract
Gaidropsarus mauritanicus sp. nov. is described from one specimen collected using a grab sample from the Tanoûdêrt Canyon (ca. 20° N) off Mauritania at a depth of 595 m. The new species was further observed during eight remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives along the Mauritanian slope southwards down to the Tiguent Coral Mound Complex (~17° N) in a bathymetric range between 613 and 416 m. It can be distinguished from congeners by a combination of characteristics, including large eyes (38.1% head length [HL]), large head (25.8% standard length [SL]), elongated pelvic fins (35.7% SL), low number of vertebrae (44), and coloration (pinkish with a dorsal darker brownish hue and bright blotches along the dorsal-fin base). A species-delimitation analysis performed with available cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences affiliated to the genus Gaidropsarus additionally supported the validity of the new species. Video analyses showed a deep-water coral-associated and protection-seeking behavior, which may explain why the species has remained undescribed until now. Additional ROV footage from separate deep-water coral sites in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea further highlights the ecological behavior and hidden diversity of bathyal three-bearded rocklings. Here, we additionally discuss the biogeographical distribution of all genetically verified Gaidropsarus spp. in combination with genetic data and morphological characters. G. mauritanicus sp. nov. is closely related to a species from Tasmania (43° S), a geographical point furthest among the studied samples, which may hint to an important influence of (paleo-) oceanography on the distributions of Gaidropsarus species.

Keywords: deep-water coral habitat, micro-CT, NE Atlantic, NW Africa, phylogenetics, species delimitation, Tanoûdêrt canyon, X-ray, Mauritania



Class: Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880.
Order: Gadiformes Goodrich, 1909.

Family: Gaidropsaridae Jordan & Evermann, 1898.

Genus: Gaidropsarus Rafinesque, 1810.

Photograph showing in vivo coloration of the holotype of Gaidropsarus mauritanicus sp. nov. in seawater after sampling.
(a) Overview, dorso-lateral side. (b–d) Details, dorsal view: (b) cephalic region, (c) first and second dorsal fins, and (d) left pectoral fin.

 Gaidropsarus mauritanicus sp. nov. Knorrn, Beuck, & Freiwald, 2024.

 Species identification: 
The specimen can be affiliated with the genus Gaidropsarus Rafinesque 1810 as it displays the morphological characters previously described by Cohen et al. (1990). These characteristics include the presence of three barely separated dorsal fins, with the first possessing only one single thickened and unsegmented ray, the second having several small and unsegmented rays in a fleshy elongated groove, and the third with segmented rays in an elongated fin. Additionally, the species has three prominent barbels: one located on the chin and one at each anterior nostril on the snout, in addition to a prominent anal fin and an interrupted lateral line running along the entire length of the body.
...

Diagnosis: G. mauritanicus sp. nov. differs from all other 13 valid Gaidropsarus species by the combination of the following characteristics: large eyes (38.1% HL) versus small eyes, relatively large head (25.8% SL), elongated pelvic fin (35.7% SL) versus medium-sized pelvic fin, small pectoral fin (13.8% SL) versus enlarged pectoral fin, 44 vertebrae, coloration (pinkish with a darker brownish hue around the dorsal side and brighter dots around the dorsal-fin bases), and habitat preference (deep-water coral ecosystems). For detailed comparisons between the species, see Tables 2 and 3.

Etymology: The species name “mauritanicus” is derived from the Latin name of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, known for its species-rich marine ecosystems, among them the most extensive known “chain”-shaped, habitat-forming deep-water coral ecosystem, to which this species is associated.

Representative remotely operated vehicle (ROV) images of Gaidropsarus mauritanicus sp. nov. in its habitat (copyright Tomas Lundälv from the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Infrastructure of the University of Gothenburg, Sweden).
(a) A small individual—similar in size to holotype—between coral rubble (Banda Coral Mounds, 523-m water depth). (b) Inside a coral garden (Swiftia phaeton), sheltered between dead coral framework fragments and rubble (Timiris Coral Mounds, 492-m water depth). (c) Hiding inside a dead coral framework, see red arrow (Tanoûdêrt Canyon, 610-m water depth). (d) Coexistence with cf. Japonoconger africanus inside live Desmophyllum pertusum framework (red arrow) (Tamxat Coral Mounds, 501-m water depth).
(e) Below protective “canopy” of live Madrepora oculata (Tiguent Coral Mounds, 418 m). (f) Two individuals next to a dead scleractinian framework, which is colonized by sponges and various octocorals, among Swiftia phaeton (Tamxat Coral Mounds, 535-m water depth; see also Video S3). (g) Next to a framework fragment, which is colonized by a branched bryozoan (Celleporina cf. lucida); note the whitish marks on the skin (Tamxat Coral Mounds, 479-m water depth). (h) Adult individual finds shelter next to hardground (geology term) ledge; note the slightly varying coloration with respect to young individuals (Tiguent Coral Mounds, 434-m water depth).

CONCLUSION: 
The existence of G. mauritanicus sp. nov. as a new species is morphologically confirmed by the presence of only 44 vertebrae, a conspicuously long pelvic fin (35.7% SL), the large eyes (38.1% HL), medium-sized pectoral fin (13.8% SL), and the pinkish coloration with several brighter dots along the base of the dorsal fin, as well as genetically confirmed by several independent species delimitation analyses. Furthermore, ROV and lander surveys reveal insights into the ecology and behavior of deep-water coral-associated Gaidropsarus species, suggesting that these species are territorial and protective. Genetically supported distribution data show clear patterns in the biogeographical and bathymetrical distribution of the different Gaidropsarus species. Recent and ancient oceanography seems to be an important factor in terms of larval distribution and phylogenetic relationships, such as the first evidence of G. mauli as a basal member of the boreal Gaidropsarus species. Further, the genetic and distribution data also indicate possible misidentifications between G. macrophthalmus and G. mediterraneus. This highlights the urgent need for a comprehensive taxonomic identification key and a complete scientific collection. There still remains a great knowledge gap concerning the Gaidropsarus species of the Southern Hemisphere, which should be the focus of future investigations.

 
Alexander H. Knorrn, Lydia Beuck, David Barros-García, Lourdes Fernández-Peralta and André Freiwald. 2024. Gaidropsarus mauritanicus (Gadiformes, Gaidropsaridae) A New three-bearded Rockling from A Deep-water Coral Ecosystem with a genetically verified biogeographical distribution of the genus and notes to its ecology and behavior. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15859
  
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Thursday, April 25, 2024

[Crustacea • 2024] Wollastenothoe minuta • “Hidden” Biodiversity: A New amphipod Genus (Amphipoda: Stenothoidae) dominates Epifauna in Association with a mesophotic Black Coral Forest

 

Wollastenothoe minuta Gouillieux & Navarro-Mayoral, 

in Navarro-Mayoral, Gouillieux, Fernandez-Gonzalez, Tuya, Lecoquierre, ... et Otero-Ferrer, 2024.

Abstract
Black corals are important components of mesophotic and deep-water marine habitats. Their presence at great depths (e.g., 50 to 200 m) makes accessibility difficult, limiting our understanding of the associated biodiversity. Amphipods dominate vagile epifauna in marine habitats around the world, fulfilling important ecosystem functions. However, there are no studies on amphipods exclusively associated with black corals, including relationships between their ecological patterns (e.g., abundances) and the size of coral colonies. We investigated the epifaunal composition and abundance associated with black coral colonies of Antipathella wollastoni in the subtropical eastern Atlantic Ocean. In total, 1,736 epifaunal individuals were identified, of which 1,706 (98.27%) were amphipods, belonging to 6 taxa. We identified and described a new amphipod genus and species within the Stenothoidae family, Wollastenothoe minuta gen. nov., sp. nov., which outnumbered the amphipod assemblage (86.15%) and provided a complete taxonomic key of Stenothoidae family including this new finding. For the first time, the association between an amphipod species and a black coral was described, including a strong correlation between coral colony size and amphipod abundances. This study demonstrates that epifauna associated with mesophotic black corals remains largely undescribed.

Keywords: Stenothoidae, Key to species, Antipathella wollastoni, Epifauna, Marine animal forests

Wollastenothoe minuta gen. nov., sp. nov. SEM pictures, MNHN-IU-2021–8808.
a Lateral view; b Maxilla 2, left; c Lower lip; d Gnathopod 2, outer face, dactylus and propodus; e Gnathopod 1, inner face, dactylus and propodus; f Urosome, lateral view.
 Scale bars: a: 0.25 mm; b: 0.01 mm; c: 0.01 mm, d, e: 0.02; f: 0.1 mm
 
Taxonomy
Class Malacostraca Latreille 1806
Order Amphipoda Latreille 1816
Suborder Senticaudata Lowry & Myers 2013

Family Stenothoidae Boeck 1871

Genus Wollastenothoe Gouillieux & Navarro-Mayoral gen. nov.

Diagnosis of the new genus: Body dorsally smooth. Head without rostrum. Antenna 1 article 1 not nasiform; accessory flagellum with 1 article. Mandible palp with 1 article, molar process conical. Maxilla 1 palp with 2 articles. Gnathopod 1 and 2 subchelate, subequal. P5 basis rectolinear without posterodistal lobe. P6-7 basis widened.

Etymology: The genus name, Wollastenothoe, refers the combination of host name corresponding to the species of black coral (i.e., Antipathella wollastoni) with the genus name Stenothoe belonging to the Stenothoidae family.


  Wollastenothoe minuta Gouillieux & Navarro-Mayoral gen. nov., sp. nov.,  

Diagnosis: Body length less than 1.5 mm. Antenna subequal, shorter than half length of body. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum with 1 small article. Gnathopod 1 and 2 subchelate, subequal. Pereonite 4 slightly longer than pereonite 3. Coxa 4 ventral margin concave. Coxae 5–7 posterior margin with a notch. P5 basis rectolinear without posterodistal lobe. P6-7 basis widened with posterodistal lobe reaching along half of ischium, merus posterodistal lobe reaching more than half length of carpus. Telson with dorsal spines.
 
Etymology. The epithet specific of the species, minuta, refers to its small size.

Type locality. Puerto del Carmen, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain.


Sandra Navarro-Mayoral, Benoit Gouillieux, Victoria Fernandez-Gonzalez, Fernando Tuya, Ninon Lecoquierre, Lorenzo Bramanti, Lucas Terrana, Fernando Espino, Jean-François Flot, Ricardo Haroun and Francisco Otero-Ferrer. 2024. “Hidden” Biodiversity: A New amphipod Genus dominates Epifauna in Association with a mesophotic Black Coral Forest. Coral Reefs. DOI: 10.1007/s00338-024-02491-y
 twitter.com/philebo73/status/1780971901126328651

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Tuesday, November 28, 2023

[Crustacea • 2023] Palaemonella sandyi • A New Species of Palaemonella (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with scleractinian Corals of the Genus Euphyllia


Palaemonella sandyi 
Fransen, Van der Veer & Ďuriš, 2023

Photographs by C.H.J.M. Fransen.
  
Abstract
A new species of Palaemonella, P. sandyi sp. nov., is described on the basis of specimens collected in association with euphylliid scleractinian corals, Euphyllia glabrescens and E. cristata. Material was collected from the Maldives, Cebu in the Philippines, Semporna in Malaysia, and from Java, Bali, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Ternate and Raja Ampat in Indonesia. The new species is similar to P. colemani and P. euphyllius, which are associated with euphylliid corals of the genus Fimbriaphyllia. The new species can be distinguished from P. colemani and P. euphyllius, as well as from the species P. philippinensis and P. smiti, which are both symbionts with plerogyrid scleractinians, on the basis of morphological characters in the rostrum and ambulatory pereiopods, colouration, and molecular data.

Keywords: Crustacea; Decapoda; Caridea; Palaemonidae; Palaemonella; new species; coral symbiont; 
Crustacea; Decapoda; Caridea; Palaemonidae; Palaemonella; nouvelle espèce; symbionte de coraux



Palaemonella sandyi sp. nov.
A, Ovigerous female, pocl. 4.3 mm, RMNH.CRUS.D.53060; B, male, pocl. 2.4 mm, RMNH.CRUS.D.53097.
 Photographs by C.H.J.M. Fransen.

 Palaemonella sandyi 

Palaemonella sandyi sp. nov., on Euphyllia glabrescens (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821).
A, Stn. RAJ.29; B, stn. TER.06, RMNH.CRUS.D.53516;
 C, stn. SEM.28, RMNH.CRUS.D.53830; D, stn. MAL.03, RMNH.CRUS.D.58052;
E, stn. LEM.36, RMNH.CRUS.D.58050; F, LEM.01.
Photographs by C.H.J.M. Fransen.


Charles H. J. M. Fransen, Eva Van der Veer and Zdeněk Ďuriš. 2023. A New Species of Palaemonella (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae) associated with scleractinian Corals of the Genus Euphyllia Dana. Crustaceana. 345–381. DOI: 10.1163/15685403-bja10289

   

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Thursday, November 9, 2023

[Cnidaria • 2023] Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species, and Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906, Two mushroom Soft Corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from Zhenbei Seamount in the South China Sea


Anthomastus nanhaiensis   
 Li & Xu, 2023

 RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 71 

 Abstract
 Members of the subfamily Anthomastinae Verrill, 1922, commonly known as mushroom soft corals, are some of the most typical examples of octocorals in the deep sea. However, their diversity and spatial distribution in the northwestern Pacific are poorly known. Here, two species of mushroom soft corals were obtained from the Zhenbei Seamount in the South China Sea, one described as Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species, and the other identified as Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906. Anthomastus nanhaiensis is characterised by highly tuberculated double spheroids, clubs and spindles in capitulum and stalk, and the absence of sclerites from neck zone of anthocodial wall. It is the first species of Anthomastus Verrill, 1878 recorded from the South China Sea, and the second one known from the northwestern Pacific. Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906 is a remarkable octocoral originally reported from the western Pacific by having a single large autozooid, a peculiar feature within the subfamily Anthomastinae Verrill, 1922. We describe its live morphology for the first time and the detailed structure of sclerites, particularly the rodlets in pharynx and the multiradiates in tentacles, which can be used to distinguish the monotypic genus Bathyalcyon Versluys, 1906 from Anthomastus Verrill, 1878 (vs. platelets in pharynx and the absence of multiradiates in tentacles).

Key words. Anthomastinae, Scleralcyonacea, Anthozoa, dimorphic, taxonomy, deep sea

TAXONOMY: 
Class Octocorallia Haeckel, 1866 
Order Scleralcyonacea McFadden, van Ofwegen & Quattrini, 2022 

Family Coralliidae Lamouroux, 1812 
Subfamily Anthomastinae Verrill, 1922 

Anthomastus Verrill, 1878 
 
Morphology of the holotype of Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species.
 A, the animal in situ; B, an autozooid; C, the colony in top view; D, the colony in lateral view; E, the longitudinal section of the colony, showing large cavities of autozooids (au) and small cavities of siphonozooids (arrows).
Scale bars = 1 mm (B), 10 mm (C‒E).

Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species

Diagnosis. Anthomastus with capitate-shaped colony divided into a spherical capitulum and an inconspicuous stalk. Polyps dimorphic. Autozooids sterile, large, retractile, 92 in number. Siphonozooids fertile, minute, scattered among autozooids and forming a continuous layer. Sclerites including rods, platelets, highly tuberculated double spheroids, clubs and spindles. Anthocodial wall devoid of sclerites.

Etymology. The specific name nanhaiensis refers in Chinese to the South China Sea, the type locality of the species.


Yang Li and Kuidong Xu. 2023. Anthomastus nanhaiensis, new species, and Bathyalcyon robustum Versluys, 1906, Two mushroom Soft Corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from Zhenbei Seamount in the South China Sea. RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 71: 669–680. 
https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/publications/raffles-bulletin-of-zoology/volumes/volume-71/


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Wednesday, May 24, 2023

[Crustacea • 2023] Alpheus octocellatus • A New Species of the Alpheus edwardsii Group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with A distinctive colour pattern from the Indo-West Pacific


Alpheus octocellatus
 Anker & Benzoni, 2023


Abstract
A new snapping shrimp species of the Alpheus edwardsii (Audouin, 1826) group is described based on two specimens, one male and one female, collected on shallow-water reef flats of the Southern Ari Atoll in the Maldives, with a photographic record from Cebu in the Philippines. Alpheus octocellatus sp. nov. appears to be morphologically closest to A. edwardsii, A. pareuchirus Coutière, 1905, and A. leptochirus Coutière, 1905, but can be distinguished from all of them by a combination of morphological characters, mainly involving the chelipeds, third maxilliped and pleonal sternites. The new species also has a highly diagnostic colour pattern, with four pairs of conspicuous eyespots distributed in a unique and peculiar pattern on the pleon.

Keywords: Crustacea, Caridea, Alpheus, snapping shrimp, Indian ocean, Maldives, Pacific ocean, Philippines, coral reef, marine biodiversity
 

Arthur Anker and Francesca Benzoni. 2023. Description of A New Species of the Alpheus edwardsii Group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with A distinctive colour pattern from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa. 5271(3);549-559. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5271.3.7


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Sunday, May 21, 2023

[Crustacea • 2023] Alpheus dingabadi • A conspicuously coloured New Species of the Alpheus macrocheles Group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the central Indian Ocean


Alpheus dingabadi
 Anker, 2023


Abstract
A new snapping shrimp species of the Alpheus macrocheles (Hailstone, 1835) group is described based on a single adult male specimen collected on an exposed forereef near Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives. Alpheus dingabadi sp. nov. is one of several species of the A. macrocheles group characterised by the presence of a stout distoventral tooth on the merus of the third pereiopod, but can be separated from all of them by several morphological features, including the unusually long appendix masculina on the second pleopod, as well as by its conspicuous and highly diagnostic colour pattern.
 
Keywords: Crustacea, Alpheus, Caridea, coral reef, Indian Ocean, Maldives, marine biodiversity, snapping shrimp



Alpheus dingabadi sp. nov.



Arthur Anker. 2023. A conspicuously coloured New Species of the Alpheus macrocheles Group from the central Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Alpheidae). Zootaxa. 5271(1); 155-162. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5271.1.6 
  facebook.com/ArthurAnker7/posts/6132186863496647

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Friday, July 29, 2022

[Cnidaria • 2022] Diplopathes antarctica, D. multipinnata & D. tuatoruensis • New Genus and Species of Black Coral (Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae) from the SW Pacific and Antarctica


Diplopathes sp.
Opresko, Stewart, Voza, Tracey & Brugler, 2022


Abstract
A new genus, Diplopathes, in the family Schizopathidae, and three new species are described from the Southwest Pacific and Antarctic region based on morphological data. The new genus superficially resembles Telopathes in being branched and having simple, bilateral pinnules, but differs in having strictly alternately arranged pinnules, and in having small polyps 4 mm or less in transverse diameter. Mitochondrial DNA placed Diplopathes and Telopathes in separate clades within the Schizopathidae, thus supporting the significance of seemingly subtle anatomical differences. The new species are: D. antarctica, with sparse branching, pinnules of up to 7 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.045 mm tall; D. multipinnata, with dense branching, pinnules up to 3 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.1 mm tall; and D. tuatoruensis, with very sparse branching, pinnules up to 10 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.1 mm. Interestingly, the three new species do not form a monophyletic clade based on mitochondrial DNA. We propose and discuss two hypotheses to explain the results of the phylogenetic reconstruction, including that molecular and physical change are uncoupled or that we have uncovered another example of morphological convergence in unrelated species.

 Keywords: Coelenterata, Morphological convergence, ITS2, mitochondrial DNA, New Zealand, SRP54, taxonomy, Telopathes


 
Dennis M. Opresko, Rob Stewart, Tatiana Voza, Di Tracey and Mercer R. Brugler. 2022. New Genus and Species of Black Coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae). Zootaxa. 5169(1); 31-48. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.3

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Wednesday, September 22, 2021

[Crustacea • 2021] Thor dicaprio • A New, conspicuously coloured Shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae) from the Tropical western Atlantic, with Taxonomic Remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) Complex



Thor dicaprio
Anker & Baeza, 2021

 
Abstract
Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888), known as “sexy shrimp” or “anemone squat shrimp” and popular among divers and aquarists, was previously believed to have a worldwide distribution, with populations throughout the tropical parts of the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. However, consistent differences in some details of the colour pattern strongly suggest that T. amboinensis does not represent a single species, but a pantropical species complex. A recent phylogeographic analysis of T. amboinensis based on molecular data confirmed that this taxon is composed of at least five putative cryptic or pseudocryptic species. In the present study, a new cryptic species, Thor dicaprio sp. nov., is established for the western Atlantic populations previously referred to as T. amboinensis. The new species can be distinguished from all other members of the T. amboinensis complex by two differences in the colour pattern and a subtle difference in the size and setation of the appendix masculina, the latter yet to be confirmed. The conspicuous red-white banding of the antennal flagella appears to be the most diagnostic feature of the new species. In addition, T. dicaprio sp. nov. forms a genetically distinctive, homogeneous, tropical western Atlantic (TWA) clade, with the COI pairwise genetic distances from other clades ranging from 8.8% to 19.2%. The distribution of T. dicaprio sp. nov. includes the entire Caribbean Sea, parts of the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Bahamas, Bermuda, as well as some offshore localities off northern and eastern Brazil. The main aspects and biology and ecological variability of T. dicaprio sp. nov. are discussed in the light of phylogeographic data presently available for the T. amboinensis complex.

Keywords: Crustacea, Caridea, Thor, cryptic species, coral reef, symbiosis, sea anemone, west Atlantic, Indo-Pacific


  


 


    


Arthur Anker and J. Antonio Baeza. 2021. Thor dicaprio sp. nov., A New, conspicuously coloured Shrimp from the Tropical western Atlantic, with Taxonomic Remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) Complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae). Zootaxa. 5039(4); 495-517. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5039.4.3
facebook.com/ArthurAnker7/posts/4372911426090875
 twitter.com/echinoblog/status/1438959856237494273

   

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Wednesday, March 31, 2021

[Crustacea • 2021] Cirolana khamensis & C. parawongat • Two New Species of the Marine Isopod Genus Cirolana Leach, 1818 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Coast of the western Gulf of Thailand


 (A) Cirolana khamensis &
 (B) C. parawongat

Rodcharoen & Bruce, 2021

Abstract
Cirolana khamensis sp. nov. and C. parawongat sp. nov. are described from specimens collected in the western Gulf of Thailand at depths of 8 metres and 1 metre, respectively. Both species belong to the Cirolana ‘pleonastica-group’ with tubercles on the dorsal surfaces, transverse sutures on the pereonites, pleonite 3 not posteriorly produced and pleonite 4 posterolaeral margin rounded. Cirolana khamensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Cirolana ‘pleonastica-group’ by lateral margin of uropodal exopod having five robust seatae and a continuous row of plumose marginal setae, pereonites 1–3 each with a single transverse impressed line; antennula peduncle with articles 1 and 2 distinct and articulated peduncle; pleotelson dorsal surface with two sub-median longitudinal carinae, each of which has four prominent tubercles. Cirolana parawongat sp. nov. can be distinguished by pereonites 1–3 without a single transverse impressed line and having nine tubercles on pleonite 4 and 5. A dichotomous key to Cirolana ‘pleonastica-group’ in South-East Asia region is given.

Keywords: Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae, Cirolana, new species, western Gulf of Thailand, coral reefs



Eknarin Rodcharoen and Niel L. Bruce. 2021. Two New Species of the Marine Isopod Genus Cirolana Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the Coast of the western Gulf of Thailand. Zootaxa. 4950(3); 469–486. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4950.3.3


รายงานไอโซพอดทะเลหรือแมลงสาบทะเลชนิดใหม่สกุล Cirolana 2 ชนิด
... พบในแนวปะการังบริเวณชายฝั่งทะเล อ.เทพา จ.สงขลา และชายฝั่งทะเลอ่าวไทยตอนบน...

ชนิดแรก C. parawongat (ภาพล่าง) มีการแพร่กระจายตั้งแต่ชายฝั่งทะเลทะเลอ่าวไทยตนบนลงมาถึง เกาะสมุย จ.สุราษฎร์ธานี 
อีกชนิดนึง C. khamensis (ภาพบน) ตั้งชื่อตามสถานที่ค้นพบ พบแพร่กระจายอยู่ที่เดียวคือ บริเวณเกาะขาม อ.เทพา จ.สงขลาเท่านั้น...

ไอโซพอดหรือแมลงสาบทะเลเป็นสัตว์กลุ่มเดียวกับพวกกุ้งปู (crustacean) แต่มีขนาดเล็กกว่า (ความยาวส่วนใหญ่ 0.5-2 ซม.) มีบทบาทสำคัญในระบบนิเวศ คือ เป็นอาหารของสัตว์น้ำชนิดอื่น เป็นตัวย่อยสลายในระบบนิเวศ และเป็นตัวบ่งชี้คุณภาพของแหล่งน้ำตามธรรมชาติ

การค้นพบแมลงสาบทะเลชนิดใหม่ 2 ชนิดในอ่าวไทยครั้งนี้ สะท้อนให้เห็นถึงความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพทะเล และความอุดมสมบูรณ์ของทรัพยากรทางทะเลในบริเวณอ่าวไทยได้เป็นอย่างดี


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