WO2022158348A1 - 樹脂組成物、光学積層体、光学物品、レンズ及び眼鏡 - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、光学積層体、光学物品、レンズ及び眼鏡 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022158348A1 WO2022158348A1 PCT/JP2022/000699 JP2022000699W WO2022158348A1 WO 2022158348 A1 WO2022158348 A1 WO 2022158348A1 JP 2022000699 W JP2022000699 W JP 2022000699W WO 2022158348 A1 WO2022158348 A1 WO 2022158348A1
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- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SPEMLMZNIAQIBU-WSYPVFPHSA-L dibutyltin(2+);(z,12r)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCC[Sn+2]CCCC.CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O SPEMLMZNIAQIBU-WSYPVFPHSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- VRMCXMQBPZVTQZ-WSYPVFPHSA-L didodecyltin(2+);(z,12r)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Sn+2]CCCCCCCCCCCC VRMCXMQBPZVTQZ-WSYPVFPHSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PSBAZVJEUNOIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;diacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PSBAZVJEUNOIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000371 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;bromide Chemical group [Br-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)C DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZTXFOCMYRCGSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylphosphanium;bromide Chemical group [Br-].C[P+](C)(C)C ZTXFOCMYRCGSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OLSOUGWNONTDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium 5-amino-3-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(N=NC3=CC=C(C=C3OC)C=3C=C(C(=CC=3)N=NC=3C(=CC4=CC(=CC(N)=C4C=3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)OC)=C(O)C2=C1N OLSOUGWNONTDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005068 thioepoxy group Chemical group S(O*)* 0.000 description 1
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- AZXFPXMWSWRZLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisothiocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=S)C=CC=C1N=C=S AZXFPXMWSWRZLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenzylphosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CP(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFXORIIYQORRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylphosphine Chemical compound CC(C)P(C(C)C)C(C)C IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylalumane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Al](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylphosphane Chemical compound CCCP(CCC)CCC KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKVXIGHJGBQFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 5-amino-3-[[4-[4-[(7-amino-1-hydroxy-3-sulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC=C(C=C2)N=NC3=C(C=C4C=CC(=CC4=C3[O-])N)S(=O)(=O)O)N=NC5=C(C6=C(C=C(C=C6C=C5S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)[O-])N)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] FKVXIGHJGBQFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/102—Photochromic filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/244—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids
- C08G18/246—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids containing also tin-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to resin compositions, optical laminates, optical articles, lenses and spectacles.
- Photochromic spectacle lenses containing a photochromic compound are quickly colored and function as sunglasses outdoors where light including ultraviolet light such as sunlight is irradiated, and fade and become transparent indoors where such light is not irradiated. functions as a pair of glasses.
- the demand for photochromic optical articles having such photochromic properties has increased in recent years.
- the following methods are generally used to impart photochromic properties to spectacle lenses.
- the optical plate may be plastic or inorganic glass.
- Patent Literature 1 describes a dyed lens obtained by dyeing a urethane-based resin (molded body) as an article similar to a photochromic optical article.
- the urethane-based resin that forms this molded product uses thiol as a monomer and has excellent mechanical strength having (thio)urethane bonds in its molecular chain.
- the urethane resin used as the matrix has a (thio)urethane bond, so the monomer formulation needs to be specially adjusted. Otherwise, the molecular mobility of ring-opening/ring-closing of the photochromic compound may be inhibited.
- Patent Document 2 uses a bifunctional active hydrogen compound having a polypropylene glycol chain or the like, and Patent Document 3 uses a monofunctional active hydrogen compound. According to these methods, photochromic properties can be improved by forming spaces in the urethane matrix using a specific active hydrogen compound.
- the inventor of the present invention thought that it might be necessary to control the molecular mobility in the urethane resin by means of cross-linking molecules, rather than simply forming a free space. Then, it was found that a cured product (a urethane resin in which a photochromic compound is dispersed) that satisfies specific molecular mobility parameters can express good photochromic properties and mechanical properties, and the present invention has been completed. rice field.
- the present invention includes the following inventions. 1. Containing a urethane resin having a polyoxypropylene chain in the molecular chain and a photochromic compound, the maximum intensity of the signal within the range of 16 ppm or more and 20 ppm or less in the first spectrum by 13 C-PST/MAS nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PMI pst ); The ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) to the maximum intensity (PMI cp ) of the signal within the range of 16 ppm or more and 20 ppm or less in the second spectrum by 13 C-CP/MAS nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is 8.0 or more and 40. 0 or less resin composition. 2.
- the ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) to the maximum intensity (EI cp ) of the signal within the range of 68 ppm or more and 72 ppm or less in the second spectrum is 5.0 or more and 20.0 or less. of the resin composition. 4.
- the urethane-based resin is (A) a polyiso(thio)cyanate component having two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups in the molecule selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups and isothiocyanate groups; (B) an active hydrogen-containing component having an active hydrogen-containing group; A resin obtained by reacting Let nB be the total number of moles of active hydrogen-containing groups possessed by the active hydrogen-containing component (B), When the total number of moles of iso(thio)cyanate groups possessed by the (A) polyiso(thio)cyanate component is nA, The ratio (nA/nB) is 1.00 or more and 1.50 or less,
- the (B) active hydrogen-containing component is (B1) a polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing component having 3 or more active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule; (B2) a first active hydrogen-containing component having one or two active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule, 5.
- the resin composition according to item 7, wherein the (B2) first active hydrogen-containing component has the alkyl group and has 5 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms. 9. 8. The resin composition according to item 7, wherein the (B2) first active hydrogen-containing component has the polyoxyethylene chain, and the average value of repeating units thereof is 5 or more and 25 or less. 10.
- the (B1) polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing component is 10. The resin composition according to any one of the preceding items 5 to 9, which contains a compound having a quaternary carbon atom in the molecule and all groups bonded to the quaternary carbon atom having an active hydrogen-containing group. . 11.
- an optical substrate The resin composition according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 10, which is laminated on at least one main surface of the optical substrate;
- An optical stack comprising: 12. 12.
- An optical article comprising the resin composition according to any one of 1 to 10 above.
- a lens comprising the resin composition according to any one of 1 to 10 above.
- 15. Spectacles comprising the lens according to 14 above.
- a resin composition having excellent photochromic properties and mechanical properties can be obtained.
- a resin composition having excellent photochromic properties and heat resistance can be obtained.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Sectional drawing which shows schematically an example of the optical laminated body which concerns on embodiment.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view which shows schematically an example of the spectacles which concern on embodiment.
- the resin composition is (i) a urethane resin having a polyoxypropylene chain in the molecular chain (component (i)), and (ii) a photochromic compound (component (ii)) including.
- the (i) urethane-based resin has a polyoxypropylene chain in its molecular chain, and when a urethane-based resin in which the molecular mobility of the polyoxypropylene chain satisfies a specific range is used as a matrix, it is excellent. It was found that the effect of Specifically, the motility of the portion containing the carbon atoms of the methyl group of the polyoxypropylene chain is evaluated by solid-state 13 CNMR measurement, and excellent photochromic is obtained by satisfying a specific range for the motility index. It results in a resin composition having properties and mechanical properties.
- Solid-state NMR measurement methods for carbon nuclei include Pulse Saturation Transfer/Magic Angle Spinning (PST/MAS) method and Cross Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning (CP/MAS) method.
- PST/MAS Pulse Saturation Transfer/Magic Angle Spinning
- CP/MAS Cross Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning
- the PST/MAS method is a technique for emphasizing and observing highly mobile parts (amorphous parts).
- the CP/MAS method is a technique for emphasizing and observing a portion with low mobility (crystalline portion). Therefore, by comparing the intensity of specific signals in these spectra, it is possible to evaluate the molecular mobility of the components constituting the urethane-based resin (matrix resin in which the photochromic compound is dispersed).
- the solid-state 13 C NMR spectrum of the resin composition by the PST/MAS method is also referred to as the first spectrum.
- a solid-state 13 C NMR spectrum of the resin composition by the CP/MAS method is also referred to as a second spectrum.
- the intensity of each peak measured by the PST/MAS method is I PST and the intensity of each peak measured by the CP/MAS method is I CP
- the value obtained by dividing I PST by I CP is I PST /I CP is an index of molecular mobility, and the higher the molecular mobility, the larger the I PST /I CP value.
- I PST /I CP 1
- a carbon atom of a C ⁇ O group appearing within the range of 163 to 168 ppm was taken as a reference peak.
- the (i) component essentially contains a polyoxypropylene chain. And it preferably contains an alkyl group and/or an oxyethylene chain.
- the chemical shift values of the carbon nucleus in each unit observed in the solid-state 13 C-NMR measurement are roughly as follows. 10-15 ppm: terminal methyl group in the alkyl group, 16-20 ppm: methyl group in the oxypropylene unit, 68 ppm to 72 ppm: ethylene group in oxyethylene unit 73 ppm to 80 ppm: ethylene group in oxypropylene unit (excluding methyl group).
- component (i) contains an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, a methyl group at the end of the alkyl group can be confirmed.
- a resin composition containing a photochromic compound or a photochromic optical article can be directly analyzed by NMR to determine the I PST /I CP value of each carbon nucleus.
- PMI pst is the maximum intensity, ie, maximum height, of a signal appearing within the range of 16 ppm to 20 ppm in the first spectrum.
- PMI cp is the maximum intensity, ie, maximum height, of a signal appearing within the range of 16 ppm to 20 ppm in the second spectrum.
- signals appearing within the range of 16 ppm to 20 ppm in the first and second spectra are signals that are believed to originate from the methyl group of the oxypropylene unit.
- the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of the resin composition is within a specific range.
- the urethane resin which constitutes the majority of the matrix of the resin composition, has polyoxypropylene chains in its molecular chains, free space is likely to be secured, and high photochromic properties can be exhibited. That is, since the matrix of the resin composition becomes flexible, the structural change of the photochromic compound is less likely to be hindered, and photochromic properties can be exhibited over a long period of time.
- the proportion of polyoxypropylene chains is excessively increased or the length of the introduced chains is too long, the mechanical properties may be degraded.
- the present inventors considered that it was necessary to evaluate the motility of component (i) itself in order to improve photochromic properties while maintaining high mechanical properties. Then, when the motility of the component (i) is measured by the NMR method described above, by setting the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of the component (i) to 8.0 or more and 40.0 or less, It was found that excellent effects can be exhibited. In other words, not only does it form a free space, but also the (i) component itself has moderate mobility, so it is thought that the balance between the photochromic properties and the mechanical properties is excellent.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of component (i) is less than 8.0, the photochromic properties are inferior, which is not preferable.
- the mechanical properties, particularly the heat resistance, are degraded, which is not preferable. That is, if the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is less than 8.0, it may mean that the percentage of flexible polyoxypropylene chains with high molecular mobility in the resin composition is too low. In such a resin composition, the photochromic compound is less likely to undergo a structural change, and the photochromic properties of the photochromic compound, such as the fading rate and color density, are less likely to be exhibited.
- a strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of more than 40.0 may mean that the ratio of highly crystalline polyoxypropylene chains in the resin composition is too low. Such resin compositions tend to have insufficient mechanical properties such as heat resistance.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is preferably 10.0 to 35.0, more preferably 10.0 to 15.0, or 20.0 in order to exhibit better characteristics. It is more preferable to set it to ⁇ 35.0.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) can be 20.0 to 35.0. Especially preferred. When the monofunctional polymerizable monomer is not used, the degree of cross-linking increases, so it is considered that even if the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is high, excellent effects are exhibited. When a monofunctional polymerizable monomer is not used, the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is preferably 23.5 to 35.0, more preferably 25.5, considering the balance of physical properties. ⁇ 35.0 is preferable.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is 10.0 to 15.0. And it is most preferable to use the monofunctional polymerizable monomer.
- a resin composition having excellent photochromic properties and mechanical properties is obtained by using a monofunctional polymerizable monomer and satisfying a strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of 10.0 to 15.0. can do
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is more preferably 11.0 to 15.0, more preferably 12.5 to 15.0.
- the intensity PMI pst is preferably 1.0 or more and 20.0 or less.
- a resin composition having a strength PMI pst within this range tends to have a sufficient amount of flexible polyoxypropylene chains with high molecular mobility.
- the intensity PMI pst is more preferably 1.1 or more and 17.5 or less, more preferably 1.1 or more and 3.5 or less, or 13.0 or more and 17.5 or less.
- the intensity PMI cp is preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less.
- a resin composition having a strength PMI cp within this range tends to have sufficient polyoxypropylene chains with high crystallinity.
- the intensity PMI cp is more preferably 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less, more preferably 0.15 or more and 0.30 or less, or 0.50 or more and 0.70 or less.
- the component (i) preferably has an alkyl group in its molecule.
- This alkyl group is preferably a group having 5 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms, and is preferably a linear alkyl group.
- This alkyl group may constitute a side chain or a main chain of the component (i).
- Component (i) having an alkyl group in the molecule can be obtained, for example, by using a polymerizable monomer having an alkyl group as the monofunctional polymerizable monomer described above.
- the terminal group located opposite to the reactive group of the monofunctional polymerizable monomer is an alkyl group, preferably a linear alkyl group having 5 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms.
- AMI pst be the spectral intensity of the carbon atom of the methyl group at the end of the alkyl group measured by 13 C-PST/MAS NMR
- AMI cp the intensity ratio of AMI pst to AMI cp (AMI pst /AMI cp ) is preferably 7.0 or more and 23.0 or less.
- the resulting resin composition can have improved photochromic properties and mechanical properties.
- the intensity ratio (AMI pst /AMI cp ) is more preferably 11.5 or more and 20.0 or less, and more preferably 13.5 or more and 16.0 or less.
- the strength AMI pst is preferably 1.0 or more and 5.0 or less.
- a resin composition having a strength AMI pst within this range tends to have a sufficient number of flexible alkyl groups with high molecular mobility.
- the intensity AMI pst is more preferably 1.10 or more and 3.00 or less, and even more preferably 2.0 or more and 2.8 or less.
- the strength AMI cp is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less.
- a resin composition having a strength AMI cp within this range tends to have sufficient alkyl groups with high crystallinity.
- the strength AMI cp is more preferably 0.10 or more and 0.30 or less, and still more preferably 0.15 or more and 0.20 or less.
- component (i) has an oxyethylene chain in the molecule. Having a polyoxyethylene chain in the molecular chain, Let EI pst be the spectral intensity of the carbon atoms of the polyoxyethylene chain measured by 13 C-PST/MAS NMR, When the spectral intensity of the carbon atoms of the polyoxyethylene chain measured by 13 C-CP/MAS NMR is defined as EI cp , The intensity ratio of EI pst to EI cp (EI pst /EI cp ) is preferably 5.0 or more and 20.0 or less.
- the resulting resin composition can have improved photochromic properties and mechanical properties. More preferably, the intensity ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) is 6.5 or more and 12.0 or less. As noted above, signals believed to be due to ethylene groups in the oxyethylene units appear within the range of 68 ppm to 72 ppm in the first and second spectra.
- the intensity EI pst is preferably 4.0 or more and 20.0 or less. A resin composition having a strength EI pst within this range tends to have a sufficient amount of flexible oxyethylene chains with high molecular mobility.
- the intensity EI pst is more preferably 4.50 or more and 18.00 or less, and even more preferably 9.50 or more and 18.00 or less.
- the intensity EI cp is preferably 0.5 or more and 3.0 or less.
- a resin composition having an intensity EI cp within this range tends to have sufficient oxyethylene chains with high crystallinity.
- the intensity EI cp is more preferably 0.70 or more and 2.10 or less, and even more preferably 1.30 or more and 2.00 or less.
- a first spectrum of the resin composition is obtained by 13 C-PST/MAS NMR spectroscopy.
- a disc-shaped resin composition having a diameter of about 2 mm and a thickness of 1 mm is used as a sample.
- a 4 mm zirconia sample tube filled with this sample is used.
- Measurement conditions are, for example, as follows. Probe: 4 mm ⁇ CP/MAS probe (JEOL Ltd.). 13 C nuclear measurement frequency: 100.53 MHz.
- Measurement method CP/MAS method.
- Contact time 2 msec.
- Delay time 5 sec. Accumulated times: 5000 times.
- Sample amount about 80 mg.
- Sample rotation speed 6000 Hz.
- Temperature 25°C.
- External standard adamantane (29.5 ppm).
- Pre-saturation method Interval 10 msec.
- a second spectrum of the resin composition is obtained by 13 C-CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy.
- a second spectrum is obtained in the same manner as the first spectrum described above, except that the pre-saturation method is not used.
- the intensity and chemical shift of each signal are calculated using analysis software such as JEOL Delta v5.0.4.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing an example of the first spectrum of the resin composition according to the embodiment.
- the graph shown in FIG. 1 is the first spectrum of the resin composition according to Example 15, which will be described later.
- the horizontal axis indicates the chemical shift
- the vertical axis indicates the intensity.
- the first spectrum shown in FIG. 1 includes a signal exhibiting a maximum PMI pst within a chemical shift range of 16 ppm to 20 ppm and a signal exhibiting a maximum EI pst within a chemical shift range of 68 ppm to 72 ppm.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the second spectrum of the resin composition according to the embodiment.
- the graph shown in FIG. 2 is the second spectrum of the resin composition according to Example 15, which will be described later.
- the horizontal axis indicates the chemical shift
- the vertical axis indicates the intensity.
- the second spectrum shown in FIG. 2 includes a signal exhibiting a maximum PMI cp within a chemical shift range of 16 ppm to 20 ppm and a signal exhibiting a maximum EI cp within a chemical shift range of 68 ppm to 72 ppm.
- component (i) has a polyoxypropylene chain in the molecular chain, and if the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) is 8.0 to 40.0, the production method is particularly limited. not to be Among them, it is preferable to use a polymerizable monomer having an oxypropylene chain for good polymerization moldability and easy production of a resin composition, and a polymerizable monomer having an oxypropylene chain and an oxyethylene chain. It is more preferable to use a polymerizable monomer (particularly preferably a monofunctional polymerizable monomer) having an oxypropylene chain, an oxyethylene chain, and an alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms. is preferred.
- photochromic compound (hereinafter also referred to as component (ii)) can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is a compound exhibiting photochromic properties. More than one species can be used in combination.
- photochromic compounds such as chromene compounds, fulgimide compounds, spirooxazine compounds, and spiropyran compounds can be used without any limitation.
- fulgimide compounds, spirooxazine compounds, spiropyran compounds and chromene compounds described above are described in, for example, JP-A-2-28154, JP-A-62-288830, WO94/22850 and WO96/14596. can be mentioned.
- chromene compounds in addition to those described in the above patent documents, chromene compounds having excellent photochromic properties are known, and such chromene compounds can be suitably used as component (ii).
- chromene compounds include JP-A-2001-031670, JP-A-2001-011067, JP-A-2001-011066, JP-A-2000-344761, JP-A-2000-327675, JP-A-2000-256347, JP-A-2000-229976, JP-A-2000-229975, JP-A-2000-229974, JP-A-2000-229973, JP-A-2000-229972, JP-A-2000-219678, JP-A-2000-219686, JP-A-11-322739, JP-A-11-286484, JP-A-11-279171, JP-A-09-218301, JP-A-09-124645, JP-A-08-295690, JP-A-
- chromene compounds having an indeno[2,1-f]naphtho[1,2-b]pyran skeleton are preferred from the viewpoint of photochromic properties such as color density, initial coloring property, durability, and fading speed. It is more preferable to use
- a photochromic compound having an oligomer chain group in the molecule can also be suitably used.
- photochromic compounds having such oligomer chain groups include WO2000/015630, WO2004/041961, WO2009/146509, WO2012/149599, WO2012/162725, WO2013/078086, and WO2019. /013249 pamphlet, WO2019/203205 pamphlet, and many other documents.
- photochromic compounds having an oligomer chain group in the molecule those having an oligomer chain group described in WO2019/013249 and WO2019/203205 pamphlets are preferred for exhibiting superior photochromic properties and durability. It is preferred to use photochromic compounds.
- the resin composition contains the component (i) and the component (ii).
- the mixing ratio of the component (i) and the component (ii) may be appropriately determined according to the intended use of the photochromic optical article. Among other things, considering the general use of It is preferable to contain 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of component (ii) with respect to 100 parts by mass of component (i).
- the component (i) forms a crosslinked structure
- the content of the component (i) is the total amount of polymerizable monomer components forming the component (i) in the photochromic curable composition.
- the resin composition may contain known additives in addition to the components (i) and (ii).
- ultraviolet absorbers antistatic agents, infrared absorbents, ultraviolet stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-coloring agents, antistatic agents, fluorescent dyes, dyes, pigments, additives such as fragrances, solvents, leveling agents , internal mold release agents, and polymerization modifiers such as thiols such as t-dodecylmercaptan.
- additives are preferably blended into the photochromic curable composition described in detail below.
- the total content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the resin composition is preferably 500 ppm or less.
- a resin composition with a low content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions is excellent in the durability of the photochromic compound.
- Alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions are not particularly limited.
- Alkali metal ions include sodium ions, potassium ions, lithium ions, cesium ions, and the like.
- Alkaline earth metal ions include calcium ions, magnesium ions, barium ions, strontium ions, beryllium ions, and radium ions.
- Alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions include, for example, at least one ion selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions, cesium ions, and magnesium ions.
- the total content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the resin composition can be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis.
- a circular plate-shaped resin composition having a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 1 mm is used as a sample.
- a fluorescent X-ray spectrometer ZSX Primus IV
- a detection limit value of a fluorescent X-ray analyzer is, for example, 1 ppm.
- the total content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the resin composition is preferably 200 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less.
- the lower limit of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the resin composition is 0 ppm or the detection limit of a fluorescent X-ray spectrometer.
- ⁇ Characteristics of resin composition Color density of 0.55 or more and color fading speed of 200 sec. , and a heat resistance (softening temperature) of 45°C or higher.
- the color density should be 0.60 or more and the color fading speed should be 95 sec. and heat resistance (softening temperature) of 50° C. or higher.
- the color development density is 0.75 or more, and the color fading speed is 80 sec. or lower, and heat resistance (softening temperature) can be 60° C. or higher.
- the heat resistance (softening temperature) can be 70°C or higher.
- the upper and lower limits of these physical properties are not particularly limited, the color density is 1.10 or less, and the color fading speed is 40 sec. Thus, the heat resistance is 90° C. or less.
- the method for producing the resin composition is not particularly limited as long as the urethane resin contained in the resin composition satisfies the requirements.
- component (i) may be impregnated with component (ii), or component (i) and component (ii) may be mixed.
- a photochromic curable composition containing the polymerizable monomer forming the urethane-based resin and the component (ii). is preferred.
- the photochromic curable composition can be easily produced, (A) a polyiso(thio)cyanate component having two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups in the molecule selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups and isothiocyanate groups; (B) an active hydrogen-containing component having an active hydrogen-containing group; (ii) a component; It is preferred to provide a photochromic curable composition comprising: Then, it is preferable to produce a resin composition by curing (polymerizing) this photochromic curable composition.
- the blending ratio of the monomers forming component (i) is not particularly limited, but in order to stably obtain a resin composition, the blending ratio described later is recommended. is preferred.
- the photochromic curable composition will be explained.
- Photochromic curable composition As described above, (A) a polyiso(thio)cyanate component having two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups in the molecule selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups and isothiocyanate groups; (B) an active hydrogen-containing component having an active hydrogen-containing group; (ii) a photochromic compound, is preferably included. Each component will be described below.
- polyiso(thio)cyanate component having two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups and isothiocyanate groups in the molecule>
- A In a polyiso(thio)cyanate component (component (A)) having two or more iso(thio)cyanate groups selected from the group consisting of isocyanate groups and isothiocyanate groups in the molecule, The number is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more. Among them, the number is preferably 2 to 6, more preferably 2 to 4, and even more preferably 2, from the viewpoint of facilitating control of polymerization.
- Polyiso(thio)cyanate compound refers to a group having two or more isocyanate groups and/or isothiocyanate groups.
- the component (A) includes aliphatic isocyanate compounds, alicyclic isocyanate compounds, aromatic isocyanate compounds, sulfur-containing heterocyclic isocyanate compounds, sulfur-containing aliphatic isocyanate compounds, aliphatic sulfide isocyanate compounds, and aromatic sulfide isocyanate compounds. , aliphatic sulfone-based isocyanate compounds, aromatic sulfone-based isocyanate compounds, sulfonic acid ester-based isocyanate compounds, and aromatic sulfonic acid amide-based isocyanate compounds.
- the isocyanate group of the isocyanate compound is at least selected from the group consisting of alcohols, lactams, phenols, oximes, pyrazoles, thiols, active methylene compounds, malonic acid diester compounds, and acetoacetic ester compounds. Also included are blocked isocyanate compounds blocked with one type of blocking agent.
- ((A) component; suitable polyisocyanate compound) compounds suitable for forming a resin composition having excellent transparency and mechanical strength, particularly suitable for producing a resin composition containing a photochromic compound, include the following formula Examples include compounds represented by (I) to (VIII).
- Preferred aliphatic isocyanate compounds include the following formula
- R 100 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and may be a group in which part of the methylene groups in the chain of the alkylene group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- R 100 It is preferred to use a compound represented by
- R 100 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and may be a linear or branched group.
- a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, or a linear group of a heptamethylene group or an octamethylene group, or a part of hydrogen atoms of a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, a heptamethylene group or an octamethylene group is methyl
- a branched group substituted with a group is preferred.
- the alkylene group in which a part of the methylene group is substituted with a sulfur atom is preferably a -CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 CH 2 - group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by formula (I) include pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, heptamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-bis( 2-isocyanatoethylthio)ethane and the like. These compounds can be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds can be used.
- aromatic isocyanate compound Preferred aromatic isocyanate compounds and alicyclic isocyanate compounds include the following formula (II) and the following formula (III)
- R 101 is each an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and may be the same group or different groups;
- R 102 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and when a plurality of groups are present, they may be the same group or different groups, a 100 is an integer of 2 or 3, b 100 is an integer of 0 to 4, and c 100 is an integer of 0 to 4.
- a 100 is an integer of 2 or 3
- b 100 is an integer of 0 to 4
- c 100 is an integer of 0 to 4.
- the difference between the compound represented by the formula (II) and the compound represented by the formula (III) is that the compound having a phenyl group (the compound represented by the formula (II)) and the compound having a cyclohexane group (the compound represented by the formula (III) ) is a compound represented by ).
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group. Among them, R 101 is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group. In R 102 , the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group. Among them, R 102 is particularly preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the compound represented by formula (II) or formula (III) include isophorone diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate (o-, m-, p-), 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2, 6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane and the like. These compounds can be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds can be used.
- aromatic isocyanate compounds and alicyclic isocyanate compounds, the following formula (IV) and the following formula (V)
- Each R 103 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and may be the same group or different groups, and d 100 is an integer of 0 to 4.
- d 100 is an integer of 0 to 4.
- the difference between the compound represented by the formula (IV) and the compound represented by the formula (V) is that the compound having two phenyl groups (the compound represented by the formula (IV)) and the compound having two cyclohexane groups ( This is the difference from the compound represented by the formula (V)).
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group.
- R 103 is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by formula (IV) or formula (V) include 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, and the like. These compounds can be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds can be used.
- Each R 104 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and may be the same group or different groups, and e 100 is an integer of 0 to 4. ) is preferably used.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group.
- R 104 is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the compound represented by the formula (VI) include norbornane diisocyanate, 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane, 2,6-bis(isocyanatomethyl) -bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane. These compounds can be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds can be used.
- sulfur-containing heterocyclic isocyanate compounds include the following formula (VII) and the following formula (VIII)
- R 105 is each an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and may be the same group or different groups;
- R 106 is a methylene group or a sulfur atom, and
- R 107 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a part of the methylene group in the chain of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- f 100 is an integer of 0 to 2.
- compounds represented by formula (VII) or formula (VIII) include 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)thiophene, 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-1,4 -dithiane, 3,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)tetrahydrothiophene, 4,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-1,3-dithiolane and the like. These compounds can be used alone, or two or more kinds of compounds can be used.
- halogen-substituted, alkyl-substituted, alkoxy-substituted, and nitro-substituted polyisocyanates prepolymer-type modified products with polyhydric alcohols, carbodiimide-modified products, urea-modified products, biuret-modified products, dimerization or trimers Chemical reaction products and the like can also be used.
- Suitable (A) component; polyisothiocyanate compound examples include compounds in which the isocyanate group is replaced with an isothiocyanate group in the polyisocyanate compounds represented by the formulas (I) to (VIII). More specifically, aliphatic isothiocyanate compounds, alicyclic isothiocyanate compounds, aromatic isothiocyanate compounds, sulfur-containing heterocyclic isothiocyanate compounds, heterocyclic isothiocyanate compounds, sulfur-containing aliphatic isothiocyanate compounds, sulfur-containing Aromatic isothiocyanate compounds and the like can be mentioned.
- suitable compounds include aliphatic isothiocyanate compounds such as hexamethylene diisothiacynate, 1,2-diisothiocyanatoethane, 1,3-diisothiocyanatopropane, 1,4-diisothiocyanate, Thiocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisothiocyanatohexane, 2,4,4,-trimethylhexanemethylene diisothiacinate, thiobis(3-isothiocyanatopropane), thiobis(2-isothiocyanatoethane), dithiobis(2-iso thiocyanate ethane) and the like.
- aliphatic isothiocyanate compounds such as hexamethylene diisothiacynate, 1,2-diisothiocyanatoethane, 1,3-diisothiocyanatopropane, 1,4-diisothiocyanate, Thiocyanatobutane,
- Alicyclic isothiocyanate compounds and aromatic isothiocyanate compounds include p-phenylenediisopropylidene diisothiocyanate, 1,2-diisothiocyanatobenzene, 1,3-diisothiocyanatobenzene, 1,4-diisothiocyanate Benzene, 2,4-diisothiocyanatotoluene, isophorone diisothiocyanate, xylene diisothiocyanate (o-, m-, p-), 2,4-tolylene diisothiocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisothiocyanate, cyclohexane diisothiocyanate and the like, and also 1,1′-methylenebis(4-isothiocyanatobenzene), 1,1′-methylenebis(4-isothiocyanate-2-methylbenzene), 1,1′-methylenebis(4- isothiocyanate 3-methylbenz
- Preferred alicyclic isothiocyanate compounds include 2,4-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, 2,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, and 2,6-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane. , 3,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)norbornane, norbornane diisothiocyanate, and the like.
- Preferred sulfur-containing heterocyclic isocyanate compounds include thiophene-2,5-diisothiocyanate, 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diisothiocyanate, 2,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)-1,4- dithiane, 4,5-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)-1,3-dithiolane and the like.
- Component (A) compound having an isocyanate group and an isothiocyanate group
- Compounds having both an isocyanate group and an isothiocyanate group as component (A) include the following compounds.
- at least one isocyanate group is an isothiocyanate group.
- at least one isothiocyanate group is a compound having an isocyanate group.
- a compound having an iso(thio)cyanate group blocked with a blocking agent is an alcohol, lactam, or , phenols, oximes, pyrazoles, thiols, active methylene compounds, malonic acid diester compounds, and acetoacetic ester compounds. can be done.
- the conditions for reacting the iso(thio)cyanate group with the blocking agent vary depending on the type of the blocking agent, and may be appropriately determined according to the selected blocking agent.
- the protection of the iso(thio)cyanate group by the blocking agent can be confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
- the pot life of the photochromic composition can be extended.
- Preferred examples of component (A) above include pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, heptamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate, 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane, 2,6-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptane, 1, 2-bis(2-isocyanato-ethylthio)ethane, xylene diisocyanate (o-, m-, p-), 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, and 4,4'-diphenylmethane
- the active hydrogen-containing group in (B) the active hydrogen-containing component having an active hydrogen-containing group (component (B)) is a group containing active hydrogen. That is, the component (B) is an active hydrogen compound having a group containing active hydrogen.
- the active hydrogen-containing group mentioned above refers to a group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group, and includes, for example, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group and/or a thiol group.
- the (B) component has a polyoxypropylene chain.
- component (B) preferably has an alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms and/or a polyoxyethylene chain in addition to the polyoxypropylene chain.
- the ratio (nA/nB) is preferably 1.00 or more and 1.50 or less, more preferably is 1.00 or more and 1.20 or less.
- nA/nB is 1.00 or more and 1.50 or less, a resin composition having a strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of 8.0 or more and 40.0 or less can be easily produced.
- a resin composition having excellent photochromic properties and heat resistance can be obtained.
- nA/nB ratio When the nA/nB ratio is less than 1.00 or greater than 1.50, the degree of polymerization does not increase, resulting in low heat resistance.
- the mixing ratio of the component (A) and the component (B) is not particularly limited as long as the nA/nB ratio is 1.00 or more and 1.50 or less.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) satisfies 8.0 or more and 40.0 or less, and considering the production of a resin composition excellent in photochromic properties and heat resistance, component (A),
- component (B) is preferably 50 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably 60 to 65 parts by mass.
- component (B) is (B1) polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing groups having 3 or more active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule. It is desirable to include a component ((B1) component) and (B2) a first active hydrogen-containing component ((B2) component) having one or two active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule.
- the (B1) component used in the photochromic curable composition is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having 3 or more active hydrogen-containing groups in the molecule.
- a compound in which the total number of hydroxyl groups and thiol groups in the molecule is 3 or more is preferable.
- the number of hydroxyl groups and thiol groups is not particularly limited as long as it is 3 or more.
- (B1) component examples include aliphatic poly(thiol) compounds and aromatic poly(thiol) compounds. More specifically, the following compounds can be mentioned.
- Suitable poly(thio)ol compound examples include the following compounds. Specific examples include compounds represented by the following formulas (IX) to (XVII).
- Preferred aliphatic poly(thio)ol compounds include the following formula (IX)
- R 108 is a hydrogen atom, or the following formula (X)
- R 111 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 109 is each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group and may be the same or different
- R 110 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and when there are more than one, they may be the same or different
- o 100 is 0-2, p 100 is 1-6, q 100 is 0-10, r 100 is 2-4, and o 100 +r 100 is 4.
- ⁇ It is preferred to use a compound represented by
- R 111 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and may be a linear or branched group. Among them, R 111 is particularly preferably a methylene group, ethylene group, trimethylene group or propylene group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (IX) include trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), and the like. mentioned.
- polyfunctional poly(thiol) compound having an ether bond is represented by the following formula (XI)
- F 100 is each an alkyl group of 1 to 6, or the following formula (XII)
- R 112 is a hydrogen atom or a group as defined in formula (X) above, and may be the same group or a different group;
- R 113 is each a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and may be the same group or different groups, s 100 is 1-6 and t 100 is 0-10. ).
- ⁇ It is preferred to use a compound represented by
- At least two of the F 100 are groups represented by the formula (XII).
- Other groups include 1 to 6 alkyl groups, which may be chain or branched groups. Among them, F 100 is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a trimethyl group, or a propyl group.
- F 100 is particularly preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a trimethyl group, or a propyl group.
- two or more of F 100 are groups represented by the formula (XII), they may be the same group or different groups.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (XI) include ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), dipentaerythritol-ruhexakis (3-mercaptopropionate nate) and the like.
- polyfunctional polythiol compounds of the following formula (XIII) are preferred aliphatic poly(thiol) compounds.
- R 114 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group in which a part of the methylene group of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted with a sulfur atom, and when there are a plurality of R 114 may be the same group or different groups
- R 115 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a group in which part of the methylene groups in the chain of the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is substituted with a sulfur atom, or the above 1 to 10 carbon atoms is a group in which a portion of the hydrogen atoms of the alkylene group of is substituted with a thiol group, and when there are a plurality of R 115 , they may be the same group or different groups, u 100 is an integer from 2 to 4, v 100 is an integer from 0 to 2, and u 100 +v 100 is 4. ) It is preferred to use a compound represented
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group, and R 114 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
- R 114 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group.
- Specific examples of groups in which a part of the methylene groups in the chain of an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are substituted with sulfur atoms include -CH 2 SCH 3 and the like.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group.
- R 115 is particularly preferably a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group or a propylene group.
- Specific groups in which part of the methylene groups in the chain of an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are substituted with sulfur atoms include -CH 2 S-, -CH 2 CH 2 S-, and -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 S— and the like.
- groups such as —CH 2 SCH(SCH 2 SH)— are examples of the groups in which some of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are substituted with thiol groups.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (XIII) include 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6-dithiaoctane, 1,1,1,1-tetrakis(mercaptomethyl)methane, 1 , 1,3,3-tetrakis(mercaptomethylthio)propane, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(mercaptomethylthio)ethane, 4,7-bismercaptomethyl-3,6,9-trithio-1,11-undecane dithiol, 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane, 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane, etc. is mentioned.
- the phenyl group-containing polythiol compound is represented by the following formula (XIV)
- R 116 is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group in which a part of the methylene group in the chain of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted with a sulfur atom, and w 100 is 3; be.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in R 116 may be a linear or branched group.
- R 116 is preferably a methylene group, ethylene group, trimethylene group or propylene group.
- the group in which a part of the methylene group in the chain of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted with a sulfur atom is specifically -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 -, -CH 2 SCH 2 - and the like.
- a specific example of the compound represented by the formula (XIV) is 1,3,5-tris(mercaptopropylthiomethyl)benzene.
- poly(thiol) compound having a triazine ring is represented by the following formula (XV)
- R 117 is each an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or the following formula (XVI)
- R 118 and R 119 are an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 120 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom) wherein at least two of the R 117 are groups represented by the formula (XVI), and the R 117 may be the same group or different groups.
- R 118 and R 119 are an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 120 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom
- the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear or branched group.
- R 118 and R 119 are preferably methylene group, ethylene group, trimethylene group and propylene group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (XV) include 2-mercaptomethanol and tris- ⁇ (3-mercaptopropionyloxy)-ethyl ⁇ -isocyanurate.
- a plurality of R 500 may be the same or different from each other, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a phenyl group, and at least two hydroxyl groups in one molecule, and/or an organic group containing a thiol group, where n100 is an integer from 3 to 100 ).
- component (B1) can be used without any particular limitation, and can be used in combination in consideration of the photochromic properties and mechanical properties of the resulting photochromic cured product. Among them, in order to be able to produce a resin composition having excellent properties and to have a photochromic curable composition having excellent moldability and good handling properties, the component (B1) should contain 3 per molecule. It is preferred to use component (B1) having ⁇ 6 active hydrogen-containing groups.
- component (B1)a) the polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing component having 3 to 6 active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule in component (B1) may be simply referred to as component (B1a).
- a component having 4 to 6 active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule is preferable, and a component having 6 active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule is most preferable.
- the active hydrogen-containing group is preferably a thiol group, considering the increase in viscosity when the photochromic curable composition is prepared.
- the component (B1) may consist only of the component (B1a), and may also contain a component having more than 6 active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule, if necessary.
- this component is also simply referred to as the (B1b) component.
- the (B1a) component will be described.
- Examples of the (B1a) component which is a suitable component of the above (B1) component, include trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), dipentaerythritol hexakis ( 3-mercaptopropionate), 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6-dithiaoctane, and tris- ⁇ (3-mercaptopropionyloxy)-ethyl ⁇ -isocyanurate, among which , trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), and dipentaerythritol hexakis (3-mercaptopropionate).
- trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate
- pentaerythritol tetrakis (3
- dipentaerythritol hexakis (3-mercaptopropionate) is most preferable because it can improve the photochromic properties and mechanical properties of the resulting photochromic cured product (resin composition).
- other components (B1) may be mixed for viscosity adjustment.
- components (B1a) include trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), 1,6-hexanediol bis(3-mercaptopropionate), 1, 2-bis[(2-mercaptoethyl)thio]-3-mercaptopropane, 2,2-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,4-butanedithiol, 2,5-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,4-dithiane , 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6-dithiaoctane, 1,1,1,1-tetrakis(mercaptomethyl)methane, 1,1,3,3-tetrakis(mercaptomethylthio)propane, 1, 1,2,2-tetrakis(mercaptomethylthio)ethane, 4,6-bis(mercaptomethylthio)-1,3-dithiane, tris
- component (B1) component In order that the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of component (i) satisfies 8.0 to 40.0 and the resin composition exhibits particularly excellent effects, ( B1) component. More specifically, it is preferable to use a component having more active hydrogen-containing groups in the molecule than the component (B1a). Among them, particularly preferred is a polyrotaxane component having a polyrotaxane structure and having 7 or more active hydrogen-containing groups in the molecule (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as component (B1b)). .
- the photochromic curable composition preferably further contains a polyrotaxane component (component (B1b)) having more than 6 active hydrogen-containing groups in the molecule.
- component (B1b) the mobility of the polyrotaxane itself can enhance the photochromic properties of the resulting resin composition.
- incorporating an oxypropylene chain or the like into the polyrotaxane component facilitates adjustment of the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of component (i) to 8.0 to 40.0.
- the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) can be easily increased by incorporating an oxypropylene chain into the polyrotaxane component.
- the resulting resin composition exhibits excellent photochromic properties.
- the (B1b) component is a known compound and has a composite molecular structure formed from a chain-like axial molecule and a cyclic molecule. That is, a chain-shaped axial molecule is enclosed by a plurality of cyclic molecules, and the axial molecule penetrates the inside of the ring possessed by the cyclic molecule. Therefore, the cyclic molecule can slide freely on the axial molecule, but bulky terminal groups are formed at both ends of the axial molecule to prevent the cyclic molecule from falling off from the axial molecule.
- the polyrotaxane component (B1b) component has a composite molecular structure formed from a chain-shaped axial molecule 20 and a cyclic molecule 30. As shown in FIG. More specifically, it has a structure in which a chain-shaped axial molecule 20 is enclosed by a plurality of cyclic molecules 30 , and the axial molecule 20 penetrates the inside of the ring of the cyclic molecule 30 .
- the cyclic molecule 30 can freely slide on the axial molecule 20, but bulky terminal groups 40 are formed at both ends of the axial molecule 20 to prevent the cyclic molecule 30 from falling off from the axial molecule 20. .
- the cyclic molecule 30 of the polyrotaxane 10 can slide on the axial molecule 20, so it is considered that the photochromic properties can be improved.
- the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) in the resulting resin composition can be easily adjusted in the range of 8.0 to 40.0, and photochromic properties can be improved. can be improved.
- the polyrotaxane 10 shown in FIG. 3 also shows a side chain 50 introduced into the ring of the cyclic molecule 30 as necessary.
- (B1b) component is a known compound and can be synthesized by the method described in International Publication No. 2015/068798 and the like.
- the axial molecule is not particularly limited as long as it can penetrate the ring of the cyclic molecule, and may be linear or branched.
- This axial molecule is generally formed by a polymer. Suitable polymers forming the axial molecule include those exemplified in WO2015/068798, among which it is preferred to use polyethylene glycol.
- polyethylene glycol By using polyethylene glycol as the axial molecule, oxyethylene chains are introduced into the resulting resin composition, and the strength ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) can be easily adjusted to the range of 5.0 or more and 20.0 or less. can be adjusted to
- the bulky terminal groups formed at both ends of the axial molecule are not particularly limited as long as they are groups that prevent the cyclic molecule from detaching from the axial molecule.
- an adamantyl group is preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the axial molecule is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably in the range of 5,000 to 80,000, and even more preferably in the range of 10,000 to 50,000.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the axial molecule is 1000 or more, the mobility of the cyclic molecule tends to be improved.
- the mass average molecular weight (Mw) of the axial molecule is 100,000 or less, compatibility with other components tends to be improved.
- the strength ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) of the resulting resin composition can be easily adjusted to 5.0 or more and 20.0 or less. As a result, photochromic properties can be improved.
- the cyclic molecule has a ring that is large enough to enclose the axial molecule.
- Such rings include, for example, cyclodextrin rings.
- the cyclodextrin ring has ⁇ form (ring inner diameter: 0.45 to 0.6 nm), ⁇ form (ring inner diameter: 0.6 to 0.8 nm), and ⁇ form (ring inner diameter: 0.8 to 0.95 nm). ), with the ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring being preferred.
- one axial molecule encloses one or more cyclic molecules.
- the clathrate number of cyclic molecules is generally in the range of 0.001 to 0.6, and 0.002 to 0, when the maximum clathrate number of cyclic molecules that can be clathrated by one axial molecule is 1.0.
- a range of 0.5 is preferred, and a range of 0.003 to 0.4 is more preferred.
- the maximum number of inclusions of cyclic molecules with respect to one axial molecule can be calculated from the length of the axial molecule and the thickness of the ring of the cyclic molecule.
- the maximum inclusion number is calculated as follows. That is, two repeating units [--CH.sub.2-- CH.sub.2 O--] of polyethylene glycol are approximated to the thickness of one ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring.
- the number of repeating units is calculated from the molecular weight of this polyethylene glycol, and 1/2 of this number of repeating units is obtained as the maximum inclusion number of the cyclic molecule. Assuming that this maximum inclusion number is 1.0, the inclusion number of the cyclic molecule is adjusted within the range described above.
- a side chain may be introduced into the cyclic molecule.
- side chains When side chains are introduced in this way, a pseudo-crosslinked structure can be formed in the resulting resin composition (component (i)). Thereby, the mechanical properties of the resin composition can be improved, and the photochromic properties can be improved.
- the side chain is preferably formed of repeating units of organic groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the side chain is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 200 to 10,000, more preferably in the range of 250 to 8,000, further preferably in the range of 300 to 5,000, and more preferably in the range of 300 to 1,500. Ranges are particularly preferred.
- the side chain can be introduced by utilizing the functional group (eg, hydroxyl group) of the ring of the cyclic molecule and modifying this functional group.
- the ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring has 18 hydroxyl groups as functional groups, through which side chains can be introduced. That is, up to 18 side chains can be introduced to one ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring.
- the degree of modification is 50%.
- the side chain may be linear or branched.
- the side chain reacts an appropriate compound to the ring possessed by the cyclic molecule using ring-opening polymerization; radical polymerization; cationic polymerization; anionic polymerization; living radical polymerization such as atom transfer radical polymerization, RAFT polymerization, NMP polymerization;
- a side chain of an appropriate size can be introduced by allowing the As the cyclic compound, cyclic lactones and cyclic carbonates are preferred, and ⁇ -caprolactone is more preferred.
- Propylene oxide incorporated into this side chain can be considered an oxypropylene chain. Therefore, particularly when propylene oxide is used to introduce highly reactive hydroxyl groups, the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) can be easily adjusted to 8.0 to 40.0.
- a polymerizable functional group selected from a hydroxyl group or a thiol group is introduced at the end of the side chain, and most preferably a polymerizable functional group selected from a hydroxyl group is introduced.
- the intensity ratio (AMI pst /AMI cp ) like the oxypropylene chain and the oxyethylene chain, has a peak of this alkyl group. included.
- the most suitably used (B1b) component satisfies the following requirements. Specifically, a cyclic molecule having an ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring having a polyethylene glycol attached to both ends by an adamantyl group as an axial molecule, and a hydroxyl group activated by propylene oxide is introduced into the cyclic molecule, A side chain having a terminal hydroxyl group is introduced into the cyclic molecule by the hydroxyl group and polycaprolactone.
- the axial molecule is an oxyethylene chain
- the molecular weight of the axial molecule is 8,000 to 30,000
- the introduction ratio of the ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring is in the range of 0.003 to 0.4
- the ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring is modified (degree of modification; side chain introduction rate) is preferably 30% or more and 70% or less.
- the root portion of the side chain is an oxypropylene unit.
- a side chain containing an oxypropylene unit and having an average molecular weight of 400 to 1,500 is introduced into the ⁇ -cyclodextrin ring.
- the component (B1b) has a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 200,000 and preferably contains 150 to 350 hydroxyl groups per molecule, although this is an average value.
- component (B1) it is preferable to use the above-exemplified polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing components.
- a polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing component having the following structure that is, component (B1) preferably contains a compound having a quaternary carbon atom in the molecule and all groups bonded to the quaternary carbon atom having active hydrogen-containing groups.
- component (B1) preferably contains a compound having a quaternary carbon atom in the molecule and all groups bonded to the quaternary carbon atom having active hydrogen-containing groups.
- FIG. 4 exemplifies a compound in which all groups bonded to a quaternary carbon atom have an active hydrogen-containing group (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "fully substituted compound”).
- FIG. 4A is an example of a "fully substituted compound” in which all four groups attached to a quaternary carbon atom have active hydrogen-containing groups.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a compound in which a part of the group that bonds to the quaternary carbon atom has an active hydrogen-containing group (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "partially substituted compound").
- FIG. 4 exemplifies a compound in which all groups bonded to a quaternary carbon atom have an active hydrogen-containing group (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "fully substituted compound”).
- FIG. 4A is an example of a "fully substituted compound” in which all four groups attached to a quaternary carbon atom have active hydrogen-containing groups.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a compound in
- 5B is an example of a "partially substituted compound" in which three groups bonded to a quaternary carbon atom have active hydrogen-containing groups. 4 and 5, S is a simplified representation of an active hydrogen-containing group. Arrows indicate the direction of polymer growth.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which all the groups bonded to one quaternary carbon atom have active hydrogen-containing groups, the same applies to the case of having four or more active hydrogen-containing groups.
- dipentaerythritol hexakis(3-mercaptopropionate) is a compound with two quaternary carbon atoms.
- the groups bound to the quaternary carbon atoms can then be viewed as three groups having one thiol group and one group having three thiol groups.
- dipentaerythritol hexakis(3-mercaptopropionate) can be considered a fully substituted compound.
- at least one quaternary carbon atom may be present in the molecule so that all four bonding groups are groups having active hydrogen-containing groups.
- the number of active hydrogen-containing groups in all substituted compounds is preferably 4 to 6.
- the photochromic curable composition preferably further contains a first active hydrogen-containing component having one or two active hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule as a component (B2). .
- a single type of compound or multiple types of compounds can be used as the first active hydrogen-containing component.
- Specific (B2) components include monoalkyl ether compounds having an oxypropylene chain (first active hydrogen-containing component having one active hydrogen-containing group per molecule), or glycol compounds having an oxypropylene chain (active A first active hydrogen-containing component having two hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule).
- monoalkyl ether compounds having an oxypropylene chain first active hydrogen-containing component having one active hydrogen-containing group per molecule
- glycol compounds having an oxypropylene chain active A first active hydrogen-containing component having two hydrogen-containing groups in one molecule.
- polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene monoalkyl ether compounds or polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol compounds are mentioned.
- the component (B2) is not particularly limited, but the number average molecular weight is 500 or more, the NMR peak intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp , AMI pst /AMI cp , EI pst /EI cp ), and can improve the photochromic properties of the resulting resin composition.
- the number average molecular weight of component (B2) is preferably 600 or more, more preferably 700 or more.
- the upper limit of the molecular weight is preferably 3000.
- l which is the average value of oxypropylene repeating units (--CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O--)
- m which is the average value of repeating units (-CH 2 CH 2 O-) of oxyethylene
- the component (B2) may also contain an alkyl group, and the alkyl group preferably has 5 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms.
- the obtained photochromic cured body (resin composition) not only exhibits excellent photochromic properties, but also exhibits the following characteristics.
- the photochromic curable composition containing the component (B2) is cured in a mold made of inorganic glass, the resulting photochromic cured product has improved releasability from the inorganic glass mold. This releasability improving effect is remarkably exhibited when a compound having one active hydrogen-containing group in one molecule is used.
- adhesion to other optical substrates can be improved.
- Other optical substrates include known plastic substrates and inorganic glass substrates. In particular, when the blending ratio of the component (A) is relatively large, the adhesion to the inorganic glass substrate can be improved.
- component (B2) a compound having one active hydrogen-containing group per molecule (hereinafter simply referred to as (B21) component) or a compound having two active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule (hereinafter simply (B22) is also referred to as component.) will be described in more detail.
- Component (B21) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a compound represented by the following formula (XVIII).
- l', m', and n' are each an integer of 1 to 30.
- l' in the formula (XVIII) refers to a repeating unit of oxypropylene. This l' is an average value and is an integer of 1-30. Above all, the resin composition satisfying the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) in the range of 8.0 to 40.0, preferably in the range of 10.0 to 15, can be easily produced and has excellent properties.
- l′ is preferably from 2 to 25, more preferably from 2 to 5, in order to have
- m' in the formula (XVIII) refers to a repeating unit of oxyethylene. And this m' is an average value and is an integer of 1-30. Among them, in order to easily produce a resin composition satisfying the strength ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) of 5.0 to 20.0 and to have excellent properties, m′ should be 5 to 25. and more preferably 7 to 12.
- n' in the formula (XVIII) indicates the number of carbon atoms in the terminal alkyl group. This n' is an integer of 1-30. Above all, in order to easily produce a resin composition satisfying the strength ratio (AMI pst /AMI cp ) of 7.0 to 23.0 and to have excellent properties, n′ should be 5 to 20. and more preferably 10 to 18.
- the polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene portion was shown as a block copolymer in the chemical formula, but the portion may be a random type copolymer.
- the site may be a block copolymer, but the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) satisfies 8.0 or more and 40.0 or less, preferably 10.0 or more and 15 or less.
- it is preferably a random copolymer.
- polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene monolauryl ether polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene monotridecyl ether, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene monostearyl ether
- the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene moiety is a random copolymer. is preferred.
- the polymerization moldability of the photochromic curable composition can be further improved. That is, since the (B21) component is monofunctional, it can suppress a rapid increase in the viscosity of the photochromic curable composition.
- the photochromic curable composition is stored separately as component (A) and component (B). Then, when producing the resin composition, the components (A), (B), essential components, and optionally optional components are mixed to prepare a photochromic curable composition. . If the viscosity suddenly increases during mixing, it may become difficult to obtain a uniform resin composition. Therefore, it is preferable that the viscosity of the photochromic curable composition does not change until the conditions (for example, temperature) for initiating polymerization are reached. This temperature rise can be suppressed by using the (B21) component. For the above reasons, both the (B21) component and the (B22) component can be used simultaneously as the (B2) component, but it is preferable to use only the (B21) component.
- component (B22) is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a compound represented by the following formula (XIX).
- l'', m'''+m'' are each an integer of 1 to 30.
- l′′ in the formula (XIX) represents a repeating unit of oxypropylene. This l'' is an average value and is an integer of 1-30. Among them, the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) satisfies the range of 8.0 to 40.0, preferably 20.0 to 35.0. l′′ is preferably between 2 and 25, more preferably between 12 and 20, in order to have properties.
- m'' and m''' in the formula (XIX) refer to repeating units of oxyethylene. These m'' and m''' are average values, and m''+m''' is an integer of 1-30. Among them, in order to easily produce a resin composition satisfying the strength ratio (EI pst /EI cp ) of 5.0 to 20.0 and to have excellent properties, m''+m''' is preferably 5-25, more preferably 10-20.
- the component (B22) represented by the formula (XIX) is A block copolymer type polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol represented by the above formula (XIX) is exemplified.
- the mixing ratio of the component (A) and the component B is preferably within the following range.
- nA/nB is preferably from 1.00 to 1.50, more preferably from 1.00 to 1.20, still more preferably from 1.02 to 1.15, and from 1.04 to 1 0.10 or less is most preferred.
- the preferable ranges of PMI pst /PMI cp , AMI pst /AMI cp , and EI pst /EI cp are satisfied, and excellent photochromic properties are obtained. , durability and heat resistance can be obtained.
- nA/nB is 1.00 or more in order to enhance the releasability between the resulting photochromic cured body and the mold. 1.09 or less is particularly preferable. However, even when nA/nB exceeds 1.09, the releasability can be improved by blending the release agent described in detail below into the photochromic curable composition.
- nA/nB is preferably 1.10 or more and 1.50 or less, more preferably 1.10 or more, in order to improve adhesion (adhesion) with an optical substrate made of inorganic glass. It is preferable to be 1.40 or less.
- nA/nB is 1.00 or more and 1.50 or less, Adheres well to optical substrates.
- nA/nB is preferably 1.05 or more and 1.20 or less in order to obtain a laminate having excellent adhesiveness, photochromic properties, and mechanical properties.
- nA/nB is preferably in the following range. Specifically, when a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizing film is present in the object to be laminated, nA/nB is preferably 1.10 or more and 1.50 or less, and 1.20 or more and 1.40 or less. It is preferable that
- nB1/nB2 is preferably 10.0 to 30.0, preferably 12.0 to 25.0. 0 is more preferred, and 12.0 to 22.0 is most preferred.
- the component (B1) contains the component (B1b)
- the number of moles of active hydrogen-containing groups in the component (B1b) is calculated from the hydroxyl value, for example.
- the number of moles of each of the photochromic curable compositions preferably satisfies the above range, and in terms of mass ratio, it preferably satisfies the following range.
- the mixing ratio of the components (A), (B1), and (B2) is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain excellent photochromic properties, durability, and heat resistance of the photochromic cured product, the following are required. It is preferable to satisfy the range. 20 to 74 parts by mass of component (A), 20 to 75 parts by mass of component (B1), and (B2) component with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of component (A), component (B1), and (B2) It is preferably in the range of 5 to 40 parts by mass. Furthermore, it is preferable to satisfy the following compounding amounts.
- component 25 to 71 parts by mass of component (A), 23 to 67 parts by mass of component (B1), and (B2) component It is preferably in the range of 6 to 30 parts by mass, 25 to 69 parts by mass of component (A), 23 to 67 parts by mass of component (B1), and 6 to 30 parts by mass of component (B2). More preferably, 30 to 63 parts by mass of component (A), 30 to 60 parts by mass of component (B1), and 7 to 20 parts by mass of component (B2). 57 parts by mass, 35 to 60 parts by mass of component (B1), and 8 to 20 parts by mass of component (B2).
- the (B21) component is used as the (B2) component, and the mass ratio of the mass of the (B21) component to the mass of the (B1) component ((B21)/( B1)) is more preferably 0.35 or more and 0.65 or less, and more preferably 0.40 or more and 0.55 or less.
- the photochromic curable composition further contains various (C) polymerization curing accelerators (hereinafter also referred to as component (C)) in order to accelerate the polymerization and curing of the composition according to the type of the components described above. OK.
- component (C) polymerization curing accelerators
- a reaction catalyst or condensing agent for urethane or urea used for the reaction between hydroxyl groups and thiol groups and isocyanate groups and isothiacyanate groups is used as a polymerization curing accelerator.
- This reaction catalyst for urethane or urea is used in the formation of poly(thio)urethane bonds by the reaction of polyiso(thio)cyanate with polyol or polythiol.
- These urethane or urea reaction catalysts include tertiary amines and their corresponding inorganic or organic salts, phosphines, quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, Lewis acids, or organic sulfonic acids. Specific examples thereof include the following.
- the catalytic activity is too high depending on the type of the above-mentioned compound to be selected, it is possible to suppress the catalytic activity by using a mixture of a tertiary amine and a Lewis acid.
- Tertiary amines triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, triisopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triisobutylamine, triethylamine, hexamethylenetetramine, N,N-dimethyloctylamine, N,N,N',N '-Tetramethyl-1,6-diaminohexane, 4,4'-trimethylenebis(1-methylpiperidine), 1,8-diazabicyclo-(5,4,0)-7-undecene.
- Phosphines trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tri-n-propylphosphine, triisopropylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, tribenzylphosphine, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,2 - bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane.
- Quaternary ammonium salts tetramethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide.
- Quaternary phosphonium salts tetramethylphosphonium bromide, tetrabutylphosphonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide.
- Lewis acid triphenylaluminum, dimethyltin dichloride, dimethyltin bis (isooctylthioglycolate), dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate, dibutyltin maleate polymer, dibutyltin diricinolate, dibutyltin bis (dodecylmerka dibutyltin bis(isooctylthioglycolate), dioctyltin dichloride, dioctyltin maleate, dioctyltin maleate polymer, dioctyltin bis(butyl maleate), dioctyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin
- Condensing agent Polymerization initiator that is a condensing agent
- the condensing agent include the following. Inorganic acids; hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like. Organic acids; p-toluenesulfonic acid, camphor-sulfonic acid and the like. Acidic ion exchange resins; Amberlite, Amberlyst, etc.; Carbodiimide; dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopyrrolyl)-carbodiimide.
- Each of the above-described various (C) components can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount used may be a so-called catalytic amount.
- a small amount in the range from 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, can be used for a total of 100 parts by weight of the components.
- the photochromic curable composition may contain various additives known per se, such as UV absorbers, antistatic agents, infrared absorbers, UV stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-coloring agents, antistatic agents, as long as they do not impair the effect.
- Additives such as agents, fluorescent dyes, dyes, pigments, fragrances, solvents, leveling agents, internal release agents, and polymerization modifiers such as thiols such as t-dodecyl mercaptan, if necessary. can be done.
- an ultraviolet stabilizer in consideration of improving the durability of the photochromic compound.
- Hindered amine light stabilizers, hindered phenol antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and the like are known as such ultraviolet stabilizers.
- Particularly suitable UV stabilizers are bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, ethylenebis(oxyethylene) bis[3-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl)propionate] and the like, and commercially available products include Adekastab LA-52, LA-57, LA-62 manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.; LA-63, LA-67, LA-77, LA-82, LA-87, Ciba Specialty Chemicals IRGANOX 1010, 1035, 1075, 1098, 1135, 1141, 1222, 1330, 1425, 1520, 259 , 3
- an ultraviolet absorber considering the durability and photochromic properties of the photochromic compound, it is preferable to use an ultraviolet absorber.
- ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers, triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers, cyanoacrylate-based ultraviolet absorbers, diphenylacrylate-based ultraviolet absorbers, phenol-based ultraviolet absorbers, and oxanilide-based ultraviolet absorbers. UV absorbers, malonic ester UV absorbers, and cinnamate UV absorbers can be mentioned.
- cyanoacrylate UV absorbers diphenylacrylate UV absorbers, phenol UV absorbers, oxanilide UV absorbers, malonic acid ester UV absorbers, and cinnamate UV absorbers.
- a cinnamic acid ester-based ultraviolet absorber from the viewpoint that durability can be improved without impairing photochromic properties (especially color density) compared to when no ultraviolet absorber is used.
- an internal release agent can be used.
- any agent can be used as long as it has a mold release effect and does not impair physical properties such as the transparency of the resin, but surfactants are preferably used. Among these, phosphate surfactants are preferred.
- the internal release agent as used herein includes those having a release effect among the various catalysts described above, and may also include, for example, quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts. These internal mold release agents are appropriately selected according to the combination with the monomer, polymerization conditions, economic efficiency, and ease of handling. Specific examples of the phosphate ester internal release agent are as follows.
- Alkyl acid phosphate mono-n-butyl phosphate, mono-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, mono-n-octyl phosphate, mono-n-butyl phosphate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, di( 2-ethylhexyl), di-n-octyl phosphate, di-n-butyl phosphate, butyl acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture), ethyl acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture), butoxyethyl acid phosphate ( mono-, di-mixture), 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture), isotridene acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture), tetracosyl acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture), stearyl Acid phosphate (mono-, di-mixture)
- Other phosphoric esters exe
- Each of the above-mentioned other compounding agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. It can be used in an amount of 0.001 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight.
- the total amount of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions is preferably 500 ppm or less.
- the photochromic compound is excellent in color development durability, that is, a cured body in which the photochromic compound can be colored for a long period of time. can be realized. The reason for this is considered as follows.
- constituent components of photochromic curable compositions may use alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts, or generate these metal salts, in the course of their synthesis. A trace amount of these metal salts may remain as impurities in the active hydrogen compound or the like after synthesis.
- Counter anions contained in alkali metal salts among others, carboxylate ions, act on the iso(thio)cyanate groups of polyiso(thio)cyanate compounds to form polyiso(thio)cyanurate in which the isocyanate groups are bonded to form a ring. compounds can be produced.
- the iso(thio)cyanate component when alkali metal salts and the like are contained in the photochromic curable composition, the iso(thio)cyanate component is excessively consumed, and polyiso(thio)cyanurate compounds and the like can be produced as by-products. Excessive consumption of the iso(thio)cyanate component results in excess active hydrogen compounds in the photochromic curable composition.
- active hydrogen groups such as thiol groups are excessive. These surplus active hydrogen groups can generate radicals when exposed to ultraviolet rays, which can cause deterioration of the cured product.
- deterioration of the cured product can be suppressed by reducing the amounts of the alkali metal salt and the alkaline earth metal salt in the photochromic curable composition.
- the amount of alkali metal salt and alkaline earth metal salt in the photochromic curable composition can be estimated from the amount of alkali metal ion and alkaline earth metal ion in the photochromic composition.
- the total amount of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the photochromic curable composition can be measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy.
- ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma
- 10 g of the photochromic curable composition is dissolved in 20 g of chloroform to obtain 30 g of solution.
- 20 g of ultrapure water containing 1% HNO 3 is added to this solution to extract the supernatant.
- the extracted supernatant is used as a measurement sample.
- an ICP emission spectrometer iCAP6500DUO
- the detection limit of ICP emission analysis is, for example, 1 ppb.
- a calibration curve method is used to calculate the concentration of alkali metal ions and the like.
- the total content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the photochromic curable composition is preferably 200 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less.
- the lower limit of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the photochromic composition is 0 ppm or the detection limit of an ICP emission spectrometer.
- the contents of alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, and their counter anions in the photochromic curable composition are determined, for example, by washing with water, various adsorbents, ion exchange resins, and the like. It can be reduced by contacting treatment. By lengthening the water washing time of the photochromic curable composition, increasing the amounts of the adsorbent and the ion exchange resin, or lengthening the contact time with these, the amount of the alkali metal salt, etc. can be increased. can be reduced.
- the photochromic curable composition may be prepared using constituent components such as active hydrogen compounds subjected to the above-described reduction treatment as raw materials.
- the photochromic curable composition may be used by mixing the above-mentioned (ii) photochromic compound, (A) component, (B) component, and other ingredients by a known method without particular limitation.
- a photochromic curable composition can be obtained by dissolving component (ii) in component (A) and then adding component (B) and stirring.
- the stirring temperature is in the range of 0 to 100° C.
- the stirring time is in the range of 0.1 to 48 hours, which may be appropriately adjusted.
- the (B21) component it is possible to suppress an increase in viscosity during the production of this photochromic curable composition.
- the component (A) since the component (A) has an iso(thio)cyanate group in its molecule, it is preferably produced in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen in order to suppress the contamination of moisture.
- a photochromic optical article can be obtained by polymerizing a photochromic curable composition to form a photochromic cured body. It is usually polymerized by thermal polymerization. This cured product is a resin composition, and a photochromic optical article made of the resin composition can be obtained.
- the temperature particularly affects the properties of the resulting photochromic cured product. Since this temperature condition is affected by the type and amount of the thermal polymerization initiator and the type of compound, it cannot be unconditionally limited. preferred. As with temperature, the polymerization time also varies depending on various factors, so it is preferable to determine the optimum time according to these conditions in advance. preferred to choose. When obtaining a photochromic laminated sheet, it is preferable to carry out the polymerization at a temperature at which the reaction between the polymerizable functional groups proceeds, and to determine the optimum temperature and time so as to obtain the target molecular weight.
- the mode of obtaining a photochromic optical article by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition is not particularly limited.
- the mode of obtaining a photochromic optical article by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition is not particularly limited.
- the following known method can be adopted.
- the photochromic lens is produced by the kneading method
- the above photochromic composition is injected between inorganic glass molds held by elastomer gaskets or spacers, and after sufficient defoaming, it is placed in an air oven or
- a photochromic cured body (photochromic optical article) molded into the form of an optical material such as a lens can be obtained by cast polymerization by heating in water.
- an optical substrate such as a lens substrate is arranged so as to form a predetermined gap, a photochromic curable composition is injected into the gap, and in this state, casting polymerization is performed using an inner mold, in which polymerization is performed by heating.
- a photochromic lens laminate in which photochromic optical articles are laminated
- a photochromic layer is formed on the surface of an optical substrate can also be obtained by the method (manufacture of a laminate by a casting polymerization method).
- the optical substrate is not particularly limited, and optical substrates made of known plastics can be used. Specific examples include plastic materials such as (meth)acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, allyl resins, thiourethane resins, urethane resins, and thioepoxy resins.
- the surface of the optical substrate is preliminarily treated with an alkaline solution, an acid solution, etc., subjected to chemical treatment, corona discharge, plasma discharge, polishing. Adhesion between the photochromic layer and the optical substrate can be enhanced by performing a physical treatment such as the above. Of course, it is also possible to provide a transparent adhesive resin layer on the surface of the optical substrate.
- a necessary amount of the photochromic curable composition is applied onto one optical substrate such as inorganic glass on which spacers are placed, and the other optical substrate such as glass is placed thereon, followed by photochromic curing applied. It is also possible to bond optical substrates such as a pair of inorganic glass optical materials by curing the optical composition.
- a photochromic lens laminate in which photochromic optical articles are laminated
- a photochromic sheet made of a photochromic curable composition is manufactured.
- the resulting photochromic sheet is sandwiched between two transparent sheets (optical sheets), and the above-described polymerization is performed to obtain a photochromic laminate having a photochromic layer as an adhesive layer.
- the photochromic sheet can also be produced by coating with a coating liquid obtained by dissolving a photochromic curable composition in an organic solvent.
- the photochromic laminate thus produced is mounted in a mold, and then a thermoplastic resin (for example, polycarbonate) for optical substrates such as lenses is injection-molded to obtain a photochromic laminate. is laminated to obtain a photochromic lens having a predetermined shape. Also, this photochromic laminate can be adhered to the surface of an optical substrate with an adhesive or the like, thereby obtaining a photochromic lens.
- a thermoplastic resin for example, polycarbonate
- optical substrates such as lenses
- this photochromic laminate can be adhered to the surface of an optical substrate with an adhesive or the like, thereby obtaining a photochromic lens.
- a urethane or urea-based polymerizable compound particularly a urethane-based polymerizable compound, is used as the polymerizable compound because it has particularly high adhesion to the optical substrate. , preferably adjusted to form a polyurethane.
- the resulting photochromic cured product/laminate can express photochromic properties excellent in color density, color fading speed, etc., and is effective in producing optical substrates with photochromic properties, such as photochromic lenses (photochromic optical articles). used for
- the photochromic cured product can be laminated with other functional layers or dyed with a dye such as a disperse dye, depending on the intended use, as long as the effect is not impaired.
- a hard coating film can be formed thereon using a silane coupling agent or a hard coating agent containing a sol such as silicon, zirconium, antimony, aluminum, tin or tungsten as a main component.
- thin films can be produced by vapor deposition of metal oxides such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 and ZrO 2 .
- An antireflection treatment can be performed with a thin film by applying an organic polymer.
- An antistatic treatment or the like can also be applied.
- lamination with other functional layers described above includes lamination of a polarizing film for the purpose of imparting polarizing properties to the obtained photochromic cured body.
- the position of the polarizing film is not particularly limited, and it may be laminated outside the photochromic cured body, between the photochromic cured body and another layer, or within the adhesive layer when an adhesive layer is used. A method of burying in the adhesive layer when using an adhesive layer made of thin film is preferred.
- the method of laminating the polarizing film is also not particularly limited, and a known method may be adopted.
- a polarizing film is placed between the front or rear mold and the photochromic curable composition, or within the photochromic composition. , followed by lamination by polymerizing the photochromic curable composition.
- thermosetting adhesive or ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive it is preferable to laminate a polarizing film in advance on one surface of an optical substrate made of inorganic glass.
- thermosetting adhesive or ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive it is possible to use a known thermosetting adhesive or ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive to bond an optical substrate made of inorganic glass and a polarizing film.
- the polarizing film is not particularly limited, and commercially available polarizing films can be used.
- a polarizing film having a thickness of 20 to 100 ⁇ m can be suitably used.
- a polarizing film is formed by stretching polyvinyl alcohol dyed with a dichroic substance such as iodine or a dichroic dye.
- a commercially available dichroic dye can be used without limitation as the dichroic dye contained in the polarizing film.
- Examples thereof include azo-based and anthraquinone-based dyes. Specifically, Chloranthin Fast Red (CI 28160), Congo Red (CI 22120), Brilliant Blue B (CI 24410), Benzopurpurine (CI 23500), Chloranthin Sol Black BH (CI 22590), Direct Blue 2B (CI 22610), Diamine Green (CI 30295), Chrysophenine (CI 24895), Sirius Yellow (CI 29000) , Direct Fast Red (CI 23630), Acid Black (CI 20470), Direct Sky Blue (CI 24400), Solophenyl Blue 4GL (CI 34200), Direct Copper Blue 2B ( CI 24185), Nippon Brilliant Violet BKconc (CI 27885), and the like.
- Two or more color dyes can be selected from these dichroic dyes and used depending on the purpose.
- the photochromic curable composition described above is used, even a polarizing film having a luminous transmittance of 10 to 60% and a degree of polarization of 70.0 to 99.9, which is usually difficult to bond, can be strongly bonded. can be spliced.
- the polarizing film may have cellulose triacetate films laminated on both sides in order to enhance its function and adhesiveness.
- the thickness of the cellulose triacetate film is preferably 20-200 ⁇ m, more preferably 20-100 ⁇ m.
- An optical laminate according to an embodiment includes an optical substrate and a resin composition according to an embodiment laminated on at least one main surface of the optical substrate.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the optical layered body according to the embodiment.
- the optical laminate 1 shown in FIG. 6 includes an optical substrate 2, a primer layer 3 provided on one main surface of the optical substrate 2, and a resin composition 4 provided on the primer layer 3. .
- the optical substrate 2 has an uneven shape.
- the primer layer 3 and the resin composition 4 cover the convex side of the optical substrate 2 .
- the primer layer 3 contains, for example, an adhesive containing polyurethane resin or the like.
- the primer layer 3 may be omitted.
- Eyeglasses according to embodiments include lenses according to embodiments.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of spectacles according to the embodiment. Glasses 110 shown in FIG. 7 include two lenses 111 and a frame 112 fixing these lenses 111 . At least one of the two lenses 111 is a lens containing the resin composition according to the embodiment.
- NBDI norbornane diisocyanate.
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate.
- 1,3-H6XDI 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane.
- 1,4-H6XDI 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane.
- TMMP trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), having three thiol groups in one molecule.
- PEMP Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), having four thiol groups in the molecule.
- DPMP Dipentaerythritol-hexakis (3-mercaptopropionate), having 6 thiol groups in the molecule.
- RX-1 Polyrotaxane Polyrotaxane synthesized by the method described in International Publication No. 2015/068798.
- the axial molecule is formed of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 11,000, the bulky groups at both ends are adamantyl groups, the cyclic molecule is ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and an average of 3.5 molecules of ⁇ -caprolactone are ring-opened via oxypropylene groups. It is what I did.
- the properties of RX-1 are shown below. Inclusion amount of ⁇ -cyclodextrin: 0.25. Modification degree of side chain: 0.5. Side chain molecular weight: about 450 on average. Weight average molecular weight: 180,000. Hydroxyl value: 85 mgKOH/g. From the above figures, the average number of hydroxyl groups in one molecule is 270.
- MPEG750 methoxy polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 750)
- a photochromic curable composition was prepared by mixing each component according to the formulation shown in Tables 1 and 3.
- the content of alkali metal ions or alkaline earth metal ions in the photochromic curable composition was measured using an ICP emission spectrometer (iCAP6500DUO) manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific.
- ICP emission spectrometer iCAP6500DUO
- the prepared photochromic curable composition was sufficiently defoamed, it was injected into an inorganic glass mold provided with a gap of 2 mm, and the photochromic curable composition was polymerized by casting polymerization. Polymerization was carried out using an air furnace, and curing was carried out over 18 hours while gradually raising the temperature from 27°C to 120°C. After polymerization, the cured body was removed from the inorganic glass mold to obtain a photochromic cured body (resin composition) having a thickness of 2 mm. The obtained photochromic cured product was evaluated by the method shown below.
- Yellowness index ( ⁇ YI) The difference between the yellowness index (YI 96 ) after accelerated deterioration for 96 hours using the xenon weather meter X25 and the yellowness index (YI 0 ) before the test.
- a value measured by a touch panel type SM color computer SM-T manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. was used.
- Heat-resistant As the softening temperature of the obtained photochromic cured product, a value measured by a thermomechanical analyzer TMA8311 manufactured by Rigaku Corporation (three-point bending method, heating rate: 10° C./min) was used.
- Alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion The concentration of alkali metal ions or alkaline earth metal ions in the resulting photochromic cured product was measured using a circular flat plate with a diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, and an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ZSX Primus IV) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. values were used. The lower limit of detection in this measurement is 1 ppm. Table 5 shows the evaluation results of the photochromic cured product.
- Examples 2 to 24 Comparative Examples 1 to 3> A photochromic cured product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 according to the recipes shown in Tables 1 to 4 above, and evaluated. Similar to Example 1, evaluation results are shown in Tables 5 and 6.
- Photochromic curable compositions were prepared according to the formulations shown in Tables 1 to 4 above, except that 0.2 parts by mass of component PC1 was used. Corresponding examples and comparative examples are shown in Tables 7 and 8. Separately, a mold comprising an inorganic glass plate and a thiourethane plastic lens having a refractive index of 1.60 was prepared. The gap between the inorganic glass plate and the thiourethane plastic lens was set to 1 mm. After sufficiently defoaming the prepared photochromic curable composition, the photochromic curable composition was injected into the mold provided with a gap of 1 mm and polymerized.
- the photochromic curable compositions described in Tables 9-12 below were prepared.
- the prepared photochromic curable composition was used as an adhesive. That is, a laminate was produced by bonding a pair of optical substrates (plates) made of inorganic glass for optical articles with the adhesive. First, a photochromic curable composition was applied onto one of the inorganic glass plates for optical articles having spacers with a thickness of 0.1 mm arranged at the ends thereof. Then, the other plate made of the inorganic glass for optical articles was placed on the coated photochromic curable composition. The photochromic curable composition was then polymerized.
- the obtained photochromic laminate was evaluated for photochromic properties and durability in the same manner as in Example 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Tables 13 and 14.
- the motility of the component (i) was determined by curing the photochromic curable composition separately under the same conditions as in the above method, and measuring the obtained cured product.
- the heat resistance was not evaluated because of the influence of the plate made of inorganic glass.
- the photochromic curable compositions described in Tables 15-18 below were prepared.
- the prepared photochromic curable composition was used as an adhesive. That is, in a pair of optical substrates (plates) made of inorganic glass for optical articles, one having a polarizing film on the surface of one of the plates and the other of the plates are joined with the adhesive to laminate the manufactured the body.
- an acrylic adhesive was applied by spin coating to one surface of a plate made of inorganic glass for optical articles, and a polarizing film (thickness: 27 ⁇ m, luminous transmittance: 42.5%, degree of polarization: 99.2) was applied thereon.
- % gray color, polyvinyl alcohol base).
- UV irradiation was performed from the plate side to prepare an optical base material in which the polarizing film/the plate were laminated.
- a photochromic curable composition is applied onto a plate made of inorganic glass for optical articles and a spacer of 0.1 mm thickness is arranged at the edge, and the optical substrate having a polarizing film laminated thereon is obtained. , the polarizing film surface was placed in contact with the photochromic curable composition.
- the photochromic curable composition was then polymerized. Polymerization was carried out using an air furnace, and the temperature was gradually raised from 27°C to 120°C, and cured over 18 hours. A glass-bonded photochromic laminate was obtained. The obtained photochromic laminate was evaluated for photochromic properties and durability in the same manner as in Example 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Tables 19 and 20.
- the motility of the component (i) was determined by curing the photochromic curable composition separately under the same conditions as in the above method, and measuring the obtained cured product. The heat resistance was not evaluated because of the influence of the plate made of inorganic glass.
- a resin composition having a strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of 8.0 or more and 40.0 or less could achieve excellent photochromic properties and mechanical properties by controlling molecular mobility with a crosslinked structure.
- a resin composition having excellent photochromic properties and heat resistance can be obtained.
- component (B1) By using a component having six thiol groups in the molecule as component (B1), a resin composition exhibiting excellent effects can be obtained. By using a component having six thiol groups in the molecule, the strength ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) of the obtained resin composition can be made a relatively high value.
- the resin composition according to the embodiment has excellent photochromic properties and particularly excellent heat resistance. From this, it is clear that photochromic properties can be evaluated from the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) for evaluating molecular mobility.
- the effect of improving heat resistance is that the number of hydrogen bonds per cross-linking point increases, resulting in Multivalent Interaction. ) is considered to have improved the heat resistance.
- the intensity ratio (PMI pst /PMI cp ) can be 10.0 or more and 15.0 or less. It can be preferably 11.0 to 15.0, more preferably 12.5 to 15.0. In this case, it is possible to keep the increase in viscosity of the photochromic curable composition low.
- PEMP component having 4 thiol groups in the molecule
- DPMP component having 6 thiol groups in the molecule
- TMMP component having three thiol groups in the molecule
- a comparison of these examples reveals that the use of PEMP and DPMP, which correspond to fully substituted compounds, exhibits particularly excellent photochromic properties as compared to the case of using TMMP, which corresponds to partially substituted compounds. rice field. From this, it is considered that when a fully substituted compound is used as the component (B1), a free space for molecular motion of the photochromic compound is effectively formed.
- durability can be improved by adjusting the content of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions contained in the photochromic composition of the present invention.
- the reason for this is considered as follows. That is, when the content of the alkali metal salt and alkaline earth metal salt contained in the photochromic composition is large, a side reaction such as isocyanuration occurs during the preparation or polymerization of the photochromic composition, resulting in Increases residual thiol groups. A thiol group generates radicals upon exposure to ultraviolet light, which is thought to promote deterioration of the photochromic compound and reduce durability.
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Abstract
Description
1. 分子鎖中にポリオキシプロピレン鎖を有するウレタン系樹脂、及び
フォトクロミック化合物を含み、
13C-PST/MAS核磁気共鳴分光分析による第1スペクトルにおける16ppm以上20ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(PMIpst)と、
13C-CP/MAS核磁気共鳴分光分析による第2スペクトルにおける16ppm以上20ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(PMIcp)との比(PMIpst/PMIcp)が、8.0以上40.0以下である樹脂組成物。
2. 前記第1スペクトルにおける10ppm以上15ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(AMIpst)と、
前記第2スペクトルにおける10ppm以上15ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(AMIcp)との比(AMIpst/AMIcp)が、7.0以上23.0以下である、前項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
3. 前記第1スペクトルにおける68ppm以上72ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(EIpst)と、
前記第2スペクトルにおける68ppm以上72ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(EIcp)との比(EIpst/EIcp)が、5.0以上20.0以下である、前項1又は2に記載の樹脂組成物。
4. 蛍光X線分析によるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの合計含有量は、500ppm以下である前項1~3の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
5. 前記ウレタン系樹脂は、
(A)イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基からなる群より選ばれるイソ(チオ)シアネート基を分子中に2個以上有するポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分と、
(B)活性水素含有基を有する活性水素含有成分と、
を反応させて得られる樹脂であって、
前記(B)活性水素含有成分が有する活性水素含有基の総モル数をnBとし、
前記(A)ポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分が有するイソ(チオ)シアネート基の総モル数をnAとしたとき、
その比(nA/nB)が1.00以上1.50以下であり、
前記(B)活性水素含有成分は、
(B1)活性水素含有基を1分子中に3個以上有する多官能活性水素含有成分と、
(B2)活性水素含有基を1分子中に1個、又は2個有する第1活性水素含有成分とを含み、
前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、数平均分子量が500以上であって、ポリオキシプロピレン鎖を分子中に有する、前項1~4の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
6. 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分が有するポリオキシプロピレン鎖は、オキシプロピレンの繰返し単位の平均値が2以上25以下である、前項5に記載の樹脂組成物。
7. 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、アルキル基及びポリオキシエチレン鎖の少なくとも一方を分子中にさらに有する、前項5又は6に記載の樹脂組成物。
8. 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、前記アルキル基を有し、その炭素数は、5以上20以下である、前項7に記載の樹脂組成物。
9. 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、前記ポリオキシエチレン鎖を有し、その繰り返し単位の平均値は、5以上25以下である、前項7に記載の樹脂組成物。
10. 前記(B1)多官能活性水素含有成分は、
分子中に第四級炭素原子を有し、該第四級炭素原子と結合する全ての基が活性水素含有基を有する化合物を含む、前項5~9の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
11. 光学基材と、
前記光学基材の少なくとも一方の主面上に積層された前項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物と、
を含む光学積層体。
12. 偏光フィルムを更に含む前項11に記載の光学積層体。
13. 前項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含む光学物品。
14. 前項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含むレンズ。
15. 前項14に記載のレンズを含む眼鏡。
樹脂組成物は、
(i)分子鎖中にポリオキシプロピレン鎖を有するウレタン系樹脂((i)成分)、及び
(ii)フォトクロミック化合物((ii)成分)
を含む。
炭素核の固体NMR測定法には、Pulse Saturation Transfer/Magic Angle Spinning(PST/MAS)法、Cross Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning(CP/MAS)法がある。
10~15ppm:アルキル基における末端メチル基、
16~20ppm:オキシプロピレンユニットにおけるメチル基、
68ppm~72ppm:オキシエチレンユニットにおけるエチレン基
73ppm~80ppm:オキシプロピレンユニットにおけるエチレン基(メチル基を除く)。
16~20ppm:オキシプロピレンユニットにおけるメチル基を確認できる。ただし、(i)成分が炭素数2以上のアルキル基を含む場合、末端のメチル基の隣のメチレン基のピークもこの範囲に入る。
68~72ppm;オキシエチレンユニットにおけるエチレン基を確認できる。
10~15ppm;炭素数2以上のアルキル基を(i)成分が含む場合、そのアルキル基の末端のメチル基を確認できる。
73~80ppm;オキシプロピレンユニットにおけるエチレン基(メチル基を除く)を確認できる。
すなわち、強度比(PMIpst/PMIcp)が8.0未満であることは、樹脂組成物において分子運動性が高く柔軟なポリオキシプロピレン鎖が占める割合が低すぎることを意味し得る。このような樹脂組成物においては、フォトクロミック化合物の構造変化がしにくく、フォトクロミック化合物の退色速度や発色濃度等のフォトクロミック特性が発揮されにくい。強度比(PMIpst/PMIcp)が40.0超であることは、樹脂組成物において結晶性の高いポリオキシプロピレン鎖が占める割合が低すぎることを意味し得る。このような樹脂組成物は、耐熱性等の機械特性が十分ではない傾向にある。
強度PMIpstは、1.0以上20.0以下であることが好ましい。強度PMIpstがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、分子運動性が高く柔軟なポリオキシプロピレン鎖を十分に有する傾向にある。強度PMIpstは、1.1以上17.5以下であることがより好ましく、1.1以上3.5以下、若しくは、13.0以上17.5以下であることが更に好ましい。
強度PMIcpは、0.1以上1.0以下であることが好ましい。強度PMIcpがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、結晶性の高いポリオキシプロピレン鎖を十分に有する傾向にある。強度PMIcpは、0.10以上0.70以下であることがより好ましく、0.15以上0.30以下、若しくは、0.50以上0.70以下であることが更に好ましい。
13C-PST/MAS NMRにより測定されるアルキル基の末端のメチル基の炭素原子のスペクトル強度をAMIpstとし、
13C-CP/MAS NMRにより測定されるアルキル基の末端のメチル基の炭素原子のスペクトル強度をAMIcpとした際、
AMIcpに対するAMIpstの強度比(AMIpst/AMIcp)が7.0以上23.0以下となることが好ましい。ピーク強度比(AMIpst/AMIcp)が7.0以上23.0以下となることにより、得られる樹脂組成物のフォトクロミック特性及び機械的特性を向上できる。強度比(AMIpst/AMIcp)は、11.5以上20.0以下とすることがより好ましく、13.5以上16.0以下とすることが好ましい。上述したとおり、アルキル基の末端のメチル基の炭素原子に由来すると考えられるシグナルは、第1及び第2スペクトルの10~15ppmの範囲内に現れる。
強度AMIpstは、1.0以上5.0以下であることが好ましい。強度AMIpstがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、分子運動性が高く柔軟なアルキル基を十分に有する傾向にある。強度AMIpstは、1.10以上3.00以下であることがより好ましく、2.0以上2.8以下であることが更に好ましい。
強度AMIcpは、0.1以上0.5以下であることが好ましい。強度AMIcpがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、結晶性の高いアルキル基を十分に有する傾向にある。強度AMIcpは、0.10以上0.30以下であることがより好ましく、0.15以上0.20以下であることが更に好ましい。
13C-PST/MAS NMRにより測定されるポリオキシエチレン鎖の炭素原子のスペクトル強度をEIpstとし、
13C-CP/MAS NMRにより測定されるポリオキシエチレン鎖の炭素原子のスペクトル強度をEIcpとした際、
EIcpに対するEIpstの強度比(EIpst/EIcp)が5.0以上20.0以下となることが好ましい。ピーク強度比(EIpst/EIcp)が5.0以上20.0以下となることにより、得られる樹脂組成物のフォトクロミック特性及び機械的特性を向上できる。強度比(EIpst/EIcp)は、6.5以上12.0以下とすることがより好ましい。上述したとおり、オキシエチレンユニットにおけるエチレン基に由来すると考えられるシグナルは、第1及び第2スペクトルの68ppm~72ppmの範囲内に現れる。
強度EIpstは、4.0以上20.0以下であることが好ましい。強度EIpstがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、分子運動性が高く柔軟なオキシエチレン鎖を十分に有する傾向にある。強度EIpstは、4.50以上18.00以下であることがより好ましく、9.50以上18.00以下であることが更に好ましい。
強度EIcpは、0.5以上3.0以下であることが好ましい。強度EIcpがこの範囲内にある樹脂組成物は、結晶性の高いオキシエチレン鎖を十分に有する傾向にある。強度EIcpは、0.70以上2.10以下であることがより好ましく、1.30以上2.00以下であることが更に好ましい。
プローブ: 4mmΦCP/MASプローブ(日本電子株式会社)。
13C核測定周波数: 100.53MHz。
測定法: CP/MAS法。
接触時間: 2msec。
遅延時間: 5sec。
積算回数: 5000回。
試料量: 約80mg。
試料回転数: 6000Hz。
温度: 25℃。
外部標準物質: アダマンタン(29.5ppm)。
事前飽和法: 間隔10msec。
(ii)フォトクロミック化合物(以下、(ii)成分ともいう。)は、フォトクロミック性を示す化合物であれば、特に制限なく使用することができ、これらは、1種単独で使用することもでき、2種以上を併用することもできる。
樹脂組成物は、前記(i)成分と前記(ii)成分とを含む。前記樹脂組成物は、目的とするフォトクロミック光学物品の用途等に応じて、前記(i)成分と前記(ii)成分との配合割合を適宜決定すればよい。中でも、一般的な用途を考慮すると、
前記(i)成分100質量部に対して、前記(ii)成分を0.01~10質量部含有することが好ましい。
アルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンは特に制限されない。アルカリ金属イオンとしては、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、リチウムイオン、セシウムイオン等が挙げられる。アルカリ土類金属イオンとしては、カルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、バリウムイオン、ストロンチウムイオン、ベリリウムイオン、ラジウムイオンが挙げられる。アルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンは、例えば、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、セシウムイオン、及びマグネシウムイオンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のイオンを含む。
樹脂組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの合計含有量は、200ppm以下であることが好ましく、100ppm以下であることがより好ましい。樹脂組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの下限値は、0ppm若しくは蛍光X線分析装置の検出限界値である。
下記の実施例記載の方法で測定する、発色濃度が0.55以上、退色速度が200sec.以下、及び耐熱性(軟化温度)が45℃以上を満足する樹脂組成物を得ることができる。フォトクロミック特性、及び耐熱性のバランスがよりとれたものとする場合には、発色濃度が0.60以上、退色速度が95sec.以下、及び耐熱性(軟化温度)が50℃以上とすることができる。さらには、発色濃度が0.75以上、退色速度が80sec.以下、及び耐熱性(軟化温度)が60℃以上とすることもできる。特に、発色濃度が0.85以上、退色速度が70sec.以下、及び耐熱性(軟化温度)が70℃以上とすることもできる。なお、これら物性値の上限値・下限値は、特に制限されるものではないが、発色濃度は1.10以下であり、退色速度は40sec.以上であり、耐熱性は90℃以下である。
前記の通り、樹脂組成物において、含有されるウレタン樹脂が要件を満足するものであれば、樹脂組成物の製造方法は、特に制限されるものではない。例えば、(i)成分に(ii)成分を含侵させてもてよく、(i)成分と(ii)成分とを混合してもよい。ただし、前記(ii)成分を効率よく樹脂組成物中に分散させるためには、ウレタン系樹脂を形成する重合性単量体と(ii)成分とを含有するフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を準備することが好ましい。その中でも、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を容易に製造できるという点で、
(A)イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基からなる群より選ばれるイソ(チオ)シアネート基を分子中に2個以上有するポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分と、
(B)活性水素含有基を有する活性水素含有成分と、
(ii)成分と、
を含む、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を準備することが好ましい。そして、このフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を硬化(重合)することにより、樹脂組成物を製造することが好ましい。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物は、前記した通り、
(A)イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基からなる群より選ばれるイソ(チオ)シアネート基を分子中に2個以上有するポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分、
(B)活性水素含有基を有する活性水素含有成分と、
(ii)フォトクロミック化合物、
を含むことが好ましい。
以下、各成分について説明する。
(A)イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基からなる群より選ばれるイソ(チオ)シアネート基を分子中に2個以上有するポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分((A)成分)において、イソ(チオ)シアネート基の数は、2個以上であれば特に制限されるものではない。中でも、重合を制御し易いという点で、2~6個であることが好ましく、2~4個であることがより好ましく、2個であることがさらに好ましい。
前記ポリイソシアネート化合物の中でも、透明性・機械強度に優れた樹脂組成物を形成するのに好適な化合物、特に、フォトクロミック化合物を含む樹脂組成物を製造するのに適している化合物としては、下記式(I)~(VIII)で示される化合物が挙げられる。
好ましい脂肪族イソシアネート化合物としては、下記式
R100は、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基であり、前記アルキレン基の鎖中のメチレン基の一部が硫黄原子に置換された基であってもよい。)
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
好ましい芳香族イソシアネート化合物、脂環族イソシアネート化合物としては、下記式(II)、下記式(III)
R101は、それぞれ、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、又は水素原子であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
R102は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、複数の基が存在する場合には、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってよく、
a100は整数で2又は3であり、b100は整数で0~4であり、c100は整数で0~4である。)で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。前記式(II)で示される化合物と前記式(III)で示される化合物の違いは、フェニル基を有する化合物(前記式(II)で示される化合物)とシクロヘキサン基を有する化合物(前記式(III)で示される化合物)である。
R103は、それぞれ、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、又は水素原子であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、d100は整数で0~4である。)で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。前記式(IV)で示される化合物と前記式(V)で示される化合物の違いは、フェニル基を2個有する化合物(前記式(IV)で示される化合物)とシクロヘキサン基を2個有する化合物(前記式(V)で示される化合物)との違いである。
R104は、それぞれ、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、又は水素原子であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってよく、e100は整数で0~4である。)で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
好ましい含硫黄複素環イソシアネート化合物としては、下記式(VII)、下記式(VIII)
R105は、それぞれ、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、又は水素原子であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
R106は、メチレン基、又は硫黄原子であり、R107は炭素数1~6のアルキレン基、又は前記炭素数1~6のアルキレン基の鎖中のメチレン基の一部が硫黄原子で置換された基であり、f100は整数で0~2である。)で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
前記(A)脂環族ポリイソチオシアネート化合物としては、前記式(I)~(VIII)で示されるポリイソシアネート化合物において、イソシアネート基がイソチオシアネート基に代わっている化合物が挙げられる。より具体的には、脂肪族イソチオシアネート化合物、脂環族イソチオシアネート化合物、芳香族イソチオシアネート化合物、含硫黄複素環イソチオシアネート化合物、含複素環イソチオシアネート化合物、含硫黄脂肪族イソチオシアネート化合物、含硫黄芳香族イソチオシアネート化合物等が挙げられる。
(A)成分として、イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基の両方の基を有する化合物としては、以下の化合物が挙げられる。例えば、前記の具体的に例示したポリイソシアネート化合物において、少なくとも1つのイソシアネート基がイソチオシアネート基となっている化合物である。また、前記の具体的に例示したポリイソチオシアネート化合物において、少なくとも1つのイソチオシアネート基がイソシアネート基となっている化合物である。
ブロック化剤でブロックしたイソ(チオ)シアネート基を有する化合物(以下、ブロックイソ(チオ)シアネート化合物ともいう)は、前記したポリイソ(チオ)シアネート化合物のイソ(チオ)シアネート基にアルコール類、ラクタム類、フェノール類、オキシム類、ピラゾール類、チオール類、活性メチレン化合物、マロン酸ジエステル系化合物、及びアセト酢酸エステル系化合物よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のブロック化剤を反応させることで得ることができる。イソ(チオ)シアネート基にブロック化剤を反応させる条件については、ブロック化剤の種類によって異なるため、選択するブロック化剤に応じて適宜決定すればよい。なおブロック化剤によるイソ(チオ)シアネート基の保護はフーリエ変換赤外分光法(FT-IR)によって確認することができる。
上記(A)成分の好ましい例として、ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘプタメチレンジイソシアネート、オクタメチレンジイソシアネート、1,3-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン、1,4-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン、イソホロンジイソシアネート、ノルボルナンジイソシアネート、2,5-ビス(イソシアネートメチル)-ビシクロ〔2,2,1〕-ヘプタン、2,6-ビス(イソシアネートメチル)-ビシクロ〔2,2,1〕-ヘプタン、1,2-ビス(2-イソシアナ-トエチルチオ)エタン、キシレンジイソシアネート(o-,m-,p-)、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート、2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート、及び、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートを挙げることができ、単独で使用することもでき、またそれらの混合物として使用してもよい。
上記(B)活性水素含有基を有する活性水素含有成分((B)成分)における該活性水素含有基とは、活性水素を含む基である。つまり、(B)成分は、活性水素を含む基を有する活性水素化合物である。上記の活性水素含有基とは、イソシアネート基と反応しうる基を指し、例えば、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基及び/又はチオール基等が挙げられる。
前記(A)ポリイソ(チオ)シアネート化合物が有するイソ(チオ)シアネート基の総モル数をnAとしたとき、その比(nA/nB)は、好ましくは1.00以上1.50以下、より好ましくは1.00以上1.20以下である。nA/nBが1.00以上1.50以下であることにより、強度比(PMIpst/PMIcp)が8.0以上40.0以下の樹脂組成物を容易に製造できる。加えて、優れたフォトクロミック特性及び耐熱性を有する樹脂組成物とすることができる。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物で用いられる(B1)成分は、分子内に3個以上の活性水素含有基を有する化合物であれば、特に制限されるものではない。中でも、分子内の水酸基とチオール基との合計数が3個以上となる化合物であることが好ましい。具体的には、水酸基を分子内に3個以上有する化合物、チオール基を分子内に3個以上有する化合物、又は、分子内の水酸基とチオール基との合計数が3個以上となる化合物のいずれでもよい。なお、(B1)成分において、水酸基とチオール基の数は、3個以上であれば特に制限されるものではない。
前記(B1)ポリ(チ)オール化合物の中でも、透明性・耐熱性に優れた樹脂組成物を形成するのに好適な化合物、特に、フォトクロミック化合物を含む樹脂組成物を製造するために適している化合物としては、以下の化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、下記式(IX)~(XVII)で示される化合物が挙げられる。
好ましい脂肪族ポリ(チ)オール化合物としては、下記式(IX)
R108は、水素原子、又は下記式(X)
と同義の基であり、同一又は異なっていてもよく、
R109は、それぞれ、水素原子、メチル基、又はエチル基であり、同一又は異なっていてもよく、
R110は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、複数存在する場合には、同一又は異なっていてもよく、
o100は0~2であり、p100は1~6であり、q100は0~10であり、r100は2~4であり、o100+r100は4である。}
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
F100は、それぞれ、1~6のアルキル基、又は、下記式(XII)
R112は、水素原子、又は、前記式(X)と同義の基であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
R113は、それぞれ、水素原子、メチル基、又はエチル基であり、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
s100は1~6であり、t100は0~10である。)である。}
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
R114は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、又は前記炭素数1~6のアルキル基のメチレン基の一部が硫黄原子で置換された基であり、R114が複数存在する場合には、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
R115は、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基であり、前記炭素数1~10のアルキレン基の鎖中のメチレン基の一部が硫黄原子で置換された基、又は、前記炭素数1~10のアルキレン基の水素原子の一部がチオール基で置換された基であり、R115が複数存在する場合には、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよく、
u100は2~4の整数であり、v100は0~2の整数であり、u100+v100は4である。)
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
R116は、炭素数1~6のアルキレン基であり、又は前記炭素数1~6のアルキレン基の鎖中のメチレン基の一部が硫黄原子で置換された基であり、w100は3である。)
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
R117は、それぞれ、炭素数1~6のアルキル基、又は下記式(XVI)
R118、及びR119は、炭素数1~6のアルキレン基であり、
R120は、酸素原子、又は硫黄原子である)
で示される基であり、ただし、前記R117の少なくとも2つは前記式(XVI)で示される基であり、前記R117は、同一の基であっても、異なる基であってもよい。}
で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
上記(B1)成分は特に制限なく用いることができ、得られるフォトクロミック硬化体のフォトクロミック特性、及び機械的特性を考慮し、複数組み合わせて使用することもできる。中でも、優れた特性を有する樹脂組成物を製造でき、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物が優れた成形性を有し、かつハンドリングのよいものとなるためには、(B1)成分は、1分子中に3~6個の活性水素含有基を有する、(B1)成分を使用することが好ましい。以下、(B1)成分における活性水素含有基を1分子中に3~6個有する多官能活性水素含有成分を単に(B1a)成分という場合もある。
先ず、(B1a)成分について説明する。
上記(B1)成分の好適な成分である(B1a)成分を例示すると、トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、4-メルカプトメチル-1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジチアオクタン、トリス-{(3-メルカプトプロピオニルオキシ)-エチル}-イソシアヌレート、であることが好ましく、その中でも、トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)のうち少なくとも1つを用いることがより好ましい。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物においては、さらに、活性水素含有基を分子内に6個を超える数有するポリロタキサン成分((B1b)成分)を含むことが好ましい。(B1b)成分を使用することにより、ポリロタキサンそのものの運動性により、得られる樹脂組成物のフォトクロミック特性を高めることができる。加えて、そのポリロタキサン成分にオキシプロピレン鎖等を組み入れることにより、(i)成分の強度比(PMIpst/PMIcp)を8.0~40.0に容易に調整しやすくなる。すなわち、ポリロタキサン成分は、運動性が極めて高いため、このポリロタキサン成分に、オキシプロピレン鎖を組み入れることにより、強度比(PMIpst/PMIcp)を容易に高めることができる。その結果、得られる樹脂組成物は、優れたフォトクロミック性が発現される。
(B1)成分は、前記例示の多官能活性水素含有成分を使用することが好ましい。中でも、以下の構造を有する多官能活性水素含有成分を使用することが好ましい。すなわち、(B1)成分は、分子中に第四級炭素原子を有し、その第四級炭素原子と結合している全ての基が活性水素含有基を有する化合物を含むことが好ましい。第四級炭素原子と結合する全ての基が活性水素含有基を有する化合物を使用することにより、重合した際に、得られる樹脂中に、フォトクロミック化合物が分子運動できる自由空間を効率よく形成できると考えられる。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物において、前記(B1)成分の他に、さらに(B2)成分として、活性水素含有基を1分子中に1個、又は2個有する第1活性水素含有成分を含むことが好ましい。第1活性水素含有成分は、単独種類の化合物、又は複数種類の化合物を使用することができる。
さらにその一方で、(B2)成分を含むフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を使用する際に、前記(A)成分の配合割合を調整することにより、他の光学基材との密着性を向上することもできる。他の光学基材としては、公知のプラスチック基材、及び無機ガラス基材を挙げることができる。特に、前記(A)成分の配合割合が比較的多くなる場合に、無機ガラス基材との密着性を向上できる。
(B21)成分は、特に制限されるものではないが、下記式(XVIII)で表される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
(B22)成分は、特に制限されるものではないが、下記式(XIX)で示される化合物を使用することが好ましい。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物は、前記(A)成分、前記B成分(前記(B1)成分、前記(B2)成分)の配合割合が以下の範囲となることが好ましい。具体的には、前記(A)成分におけるイソ(チア)シアネート基の総モル数をnAとし、前記(B1)成分及び(B2)成分における活性水素含有基の総モル数をnBとした時、nA/nB=1.00以上1.50以下とすることが好ましく、1.00以上1.20以下とすることがより好ましく、1.02以上1.15以下がさらに好ましく、1.04以上1.10以下が最も好ましい。nA/nBが1.00以上1.50以下の範囲を満足することで、前記PMIpst/PMIcp、AMIpst/AMIcp、EIpst/EIcpの好適な範囲を満足し、優れたフォトクロミック性、耐久性、及び耐熱性を併せ持ったフォトクロミック硬化体を得ることができる。
(B1)成分と(B2)成分における活性水素含有基の総モル数をそれぞれnB1、nB2とした時、nB1/nB2=10.0~30.0とすることが好ましく、12.0~25.0とすることがより好ましく、12.0から22.0とするのが最も好ましい。なお、(B1)成分が(B1b)成分を含む場合、(B1b)成分の活性水素含有基モル数は、たとえば水酸基価から算出される値を使用する。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物には、上述した成分の種類に応じて、その重合硬化を速やかに促進させるために各種の(C)重合硬化促進剤(以下、(C)成分ともいう。)をさらに含んでよい。
3級アミン類;トリエチルアミン、トリ-n-プロピルアミン、トリイソプロピルアミン、トリ-n-ブチルアミン、トリイソブチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン、N,N-ジメチルオクチルアミン、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-1,6-ジアミノヘキサン、4,4’-トリメチレンビス(1-メチルピペリジン)、1,8-ジアザビシクロ-(5,4,0)-7-ウンデセン。
ホスフィン類;トリメチルホスフィン、トリエチルホスフィン、トリ-n-プロピルホスフィン、トリイソプロピルホスフィン、トリ-n-ブチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリベンジルホスフィン、1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン、1,2-ビス(ジメチルホスフィノ)エタン。
4級アンモニウム塩類;テトラメチルアンモニウムブロマイド、テトラブチルアンモニウムクロライド、テトラブチルアンモニウムブロマイド。
4級ホスホニウム塩類;テトラメチルホスホニウムブロマイド、テトラブチルホスホニウムクロライド、テトラブチルホスホニウムブロマイド。
ルイス酸;トリフェニルアルミ、ジメチルスズジクロライド、ジメチルスズビス(イソオクチルチオグリコレート)、ジブチルスズジクロライド、ジブチルチンジラウレート、ジブチルスズマレエ-ト、ジブチルスズマレエートポリマー、ジブチルスズジリシノレート、ジブチルスズビス(ドデシルメルカプチド)、ジブチルスズビス(イソオクチルチオグリコレート)、ジオクチルスズジクロライド、ジオクチルスズマレエート、ジオクチルスズマレエートポリマー、ジオクチルスズビス(ブチルマレエート)、ジオクチルスズジラウレート、ジオクチルスズジリシノレート、ジオクチルスズジオレエート、ジオクチルスズジ(6-ヒドロキシ)カプロエート、ジオクチルスズビス(イソオクチルチオグリコレート)、ジドデシルスズジリシノレート。
有機スルホン酸;メタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸。
前記縮合剤としての具体例は、以下のものを例示することができる。
無機酸;塩化水素、臭化水素、硫酸やリン酸等。
有機酸;p-トルエンスルホン酸、カンファ-スルホン酸等。
酸性イオン交換樹脂;アンバ-ライト、アンバ-リスト等。
カルボジイミド;ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノピロリル)-カルボジイミド。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物には、効果を損なわない範囲でそれ自体公知の各種添加剤、例えば、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、赤外線吸収剤、紫外線安定剤、酸化防止剤、着色防止剤、帯電防止剤、蛍光染料、染料、顔料、香料等の添加剤、溶剤、レベリング剤、内部離型剤、さらには、t-ドデシルメルカプタン等のチオール類等の重合調整剤を、必要に応じて配合することができる。
その他のリン酸エステル;オレイルアシッドホスフェート(モノ-、ジ-混合物)、ジブチルピロホスフェート、エチレングリコールアシッドホスフェート(モノ-、ジ-混合物)、ブトキシエチルアシッドホスフェート(モノ-、ジ-混合物)等が例示できる。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物において、アルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの合計量は、500ppm以下であることが好ましい。このようにフォトクロミック硬化性組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの量が500ppm以下であると、フォトクロミック化合物の発色耐久性に優れた、すなわち、長期間にわたってフォトクロミック化合物が発色可能な硬化体を実現できる。この理由は、以下のとおりであると考えられる。
以上のことから、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物におけるアルカリ金属塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩の量を低減させることにより、硬化体の劣化を抑制できる。フォトクロミック硬化性組成物におけるアルカリ金属塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩の量は、フォトクロミック組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの量により推定できる。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの合計含有量は、200ppm以下であることが好ましく、100ppm以下であることがより好ましい。フォトクロミック組成物におけるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの下限値は、0ppm若しくはICP発光分析装置の検出限界値である。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物は、前述の(ii)フォトクロミック化合物、(A)成分、(B)成分、及びその他の配合成分を、特に制限されず公知の方法で混合して使用すればよい。例えば、(A)成分に(ii)成分を溶解後、さらに(B)成分を加えて撹拌することにより、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を得ることができる。撹拌温度は0~100℃、また撹拌時間は0.1~48時間の範囲で、適宜調整すればよい。
(B21)成分を使用することにより、このフォトクロミック硬化性組成物の製造時における粘度上昇も抑制できる。
フォトクロミック光学物品は、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を重合してフォトクロミック硬化体とすることにより得ることができる。通常は熱重合で重合される。この硬化体が樹脂組成物であり、該樹脂組成物からなるフォトクロミック光学物品とすることができる。
実施形態に係る光学積層体は、光学基材と、光学基材の少なくとも一方の主面上に積層された実施形態に係る樹脂組成物とを含む。
図6は、実施形態に係る光学積層体の一例を概略的に示す断面図である。図6に示す光学積層体1は、光学基材2と、光学基材2の一方の主面上に設けられたプライマー層3と、プライマー層3上に設けられた樹脂組成物4とを備える。光学基材2は、凹凸形状を有する。プライマー層3及び樹脂組成物4は、光学基材2の凸面側を被覆している。プライマー層3は、例えば、ポリウレタン樹脂等を含む接着剤を含む。プライマー層3は、省略してもよい。
実施形態に係る眼鏡は、実施形態に係るレンズを含む。
図7は、実施形態に係る眼鏡の一例を概略的に示す斜視図である。図7に示す眼鏡110は、2枚のレンズ111と、これらレンズ111を固定するフレーム112とを備える。2枚のレンズ111の少なくとも一方は、実施形態に係る樹脂組成物を含むレンズである。
<(ii)成分>
PC1:下記式で表わされるフォトクロミック化合物
NBDI:ノルボルナンジイソシアネート。
IPDI:イソホロンジイソシアネート。
1,3-H6XDI:1,3-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン。
1,4-H6XDI:1,4-ビス(イソシアナトメチル)シクロヘキサン。
<(B1a)成分>
TMMP:トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、チオール基を1分子内に3個有する。
PEMP:ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、チオール基を分子内に4個有する。
DPMP:ジペンタエリスリト-ルヘキサキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、チオール基を分子内に6個有する。
RX-1:ポリロタキサン
国際公開第2015/068798号に記載の方法で合成されたポリロタキサンである。軸分子が分子量11000のポリエチレングリコールで形成され、両端の嵩高い基がアダマンチル基であり、環状分子がαシクロデキストリンであり、オキシプロピレン基を介してεカプロラクトンが平均で3.5分子開環重合したものである。
RX-1の特性を以下に示す。
αシクロデキストリンの包接量:0.25。
側鎖の修飾度:0.5。
側鎖の分子量:平均で約450。
重量平均分子量:180000。
水酸基価:85mgKOH/g。
以上の数値から、1分子中の水酸基の数は、平均で270である。
<(B21)成分>
WS-140:ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンラウリルエーテル(オキシエチレンの繰り返し単位m’=10(平均値)、オキシプロピレンの鎖繰り返し単位l’=2(平均値)、数平均分子量750)。水酸基を一方の末端に有し、もう一方の末端には炭素数12のアルキル基を有する。オキシエチレンの繰返し部分とオキシプロピレンの繰返し部分はランダム共重合体である。
MPEG750:メトキシポリエチレングリコール(平均分子量750)
L-34:ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレングリコール(オキシエチレンの繰り返し単位m’’+m’’’=14(平均値)、オキシプロピレンの鎖繰り返し単位l’’=16(平均値)、数平均分子量1600)。
水酸基を分子の両末端に有する(水酸基を2つ有する)。
オキシエチレンの繰返し部分とオキシプロピレンの繰返し部分はブロック共重合体である。
C1:ジメチルスズジクロライド。
Ir245:エチレンビス(オキシエチレン)ビス[3-(5-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-m-トリル)プロピオネート]。
<アルカリ金属イオン>
酢酸カリウム
酢酸ナトリウム
表1、表3に示す処方により、各成分を混合したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を調製した。
得られたフォトクロミック硬化体は、以下に示す方法により評価を行った。
〔フォトクロミック特性〕
いずれも大塚電子工業株式会社製の分光光度計(瞬間マルチチャンネルフォトディテクターMCPD3000)により測定された値を使用した。
[1]極大吸収波長(λmax):発色後の極大吸収波長である。
[2]発色濃度:前記極大吸収波長における、23℃で300秒間光照射した後の吸光度{A(300)}と光未照射時の吸光度A(0)との差である。
[3]退色半減期〔t1/2(sec)〕:23℃において、300秒間光照射後、光の照射を止めたときに、試料の前記極大吸収波長における吸光度が{A(300)-A(0)}の1/2まで低下するのに要する時間である。
[耐久性]
[1]残存率(%)=〔(A96)/(A0)×100〕:スガ試験機社製キセノンウェザーメーターX25により96時間促進劣化させた。発色濃度の評価を促進劣化試験前後で行ない、試験前の発色濃度(A0)及び試験後の発色濃度(A96)の比(A96/A0)を残存率とし、発色の耐久性の指標とした。残存率が高いほど発色の耐久性が高い。
[2]黄変度(ΔYI):上記キセノンウェザーメーターX25により96時間促進劣化させた後の黄色度(YI96)と試験前の黄色度(YI0)の差である。黄色度はスガ試験機社製タッチパネル式SMカラーコンピューターSM-Tにより測定された値を使用した。
[耐熱性]
得られたフォトクロミック硬化体の軟化温度は、株式会社リガク社製の熱機械分析装置TMA8311(三点曲げ法、昇温速度:10℃/min)により測定された値を使用した。
得られたフォトクロミック硬化体の13CNMR測定は以下のようにして行なった。測定には、厚さ約1mmのフォトクロミック硬化体を直径約2mmの円板状にくり抜いて4mmジルコニア試料管に詰めたものを使用した。
装置: FT-NMR JNM-ECA400II (日本電子株式会社)。
プローブ: 4mmΦCP/MASプローブ (日本電子株式会社)。
13C核測定周波数: 100.53MHz。
測定法: CP/MAS法。
接触時間: 2msec。
遅延時間: 5sec。
積算回数: 5000回。
試料量: 約80mg。
試料回転数: 6000Hz。
温度: 25℃。
外部標準物質: アダマンタン(29.5ppm)。
なお、PST/MAS測定においては、前記条件において、事前飽和法:間隔10msecで行なった。
フォトクロミック硬化性組成物調合後3時間経過時の動粘度(ν3h)と初期動粘度(ν0)の差である。動粘度はキャノンフェンスケを用いて測定された値を使用した。
得られたフォトクロミック硬化体中のアルカリ金属イオン又はアルカリ土類金属イオン濃度については、Φ40mm、厚さ1mmの円形平板を作製し、株式会社リガク製の蛍光X線分析装置(ZSX Primus IV)により測定された値を使用した。なお、本測定における検出下限値は1ppmである。
フォトクロミック硬化体の評価結果を表5に示した。
上記表1~4に示した処方により、実施例1と同様の方法でフォトクロミック硬化体を作製し、評価を行った。評価結果を実施例1同様、表5~6に示した。
(ii)成分PC1を0.2質量部用いたこと以外は上記表1~4に示した処方により、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を調製した。対応する実施例、比較例は表7、表8に示した。
また、別途、無機ガラスプレートと屈折率1.60のチオウレタン系プラスチックレンズからなるモールドを準備した。前記無機ガラスプレートと前記チオウレタン系プラスチックレンズとの隙間は1mmとした。
調製したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を十分に脱泡した後、1mmの隙間を設けた前記モールドの中に、該フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を注入して重合した。重合は空気炉を用い、27℃から120℃まで徐々に昇温させながら18時間かけて硬化させた。重合後、硬化体を無機ガラスプレートから取り外し、屈折率1.60のチオウレタン系プラスチックレンズの表面に1mm厚のフォトクロミック硬化体が積層された、貼り合わせ型の積層体を得た。
得られた積層体について、実施例1と同様の方法でフォトクロミック性、耐久性の評価を行ない、評価結果を表7~8に示した。なお、耐熱性の評価については、チオウレタン系プラスチックレンズが影響するため、評価は行っていない。また、(i)成分の運動性は、対応する実施例、比較例と同じため、記載を省略した。
下記の表9~12に記載のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を調製した。
調製したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を接着剤として使用した。つまり、一対の光学物品用の無機ガラスからなる光学基材(プレート)を該接着剤で接合することにより、積層体を製造した。まず、その端部に0.1mm厚のスペーサを配置した一方の光学物品用の無機ガラスからなるプレート上に、フォトクロミック性硬化性組成物を塗布した。そして、塗布したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物上に他方の光学物品用無機ガラスからなるプレートを配置した。その後、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を重合した。重合は空気炉を用い、27℃から120℃まで徐々に昇温しながら18時間かけて硬化させた。これにより、一対の光学物品用の無機ガラスからなるプレートを該接着剤で接合した積層体を得た。つまり、0.1mm厚のフォトクロミック硬化体を備えたガラス貼り合わせ型のフォトクロミック積層体を得た。
下記の表15~18に記載のフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を調製した。
調製したフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を接着剤として使用した。つまり、一対の光学物品用の無機ガラスからなる光学基材(プレート)において、一方の該プレートの表面に偏光フィルムを有するものと、他方の該プレートとを該接着剤で接合することにより、積層体を製造した。
先ず、光学物品用の無機ガラスからなるプレートの一方の面にアクリル系接着剤をスピンコートにより塗布し、その上に偏光フィルム(厚み27μm、視感透過率42.5%、偏光度99.2%、グレー色、ポリビニルアルコールベース)を配置した。その後、該プレート側からUV照射することにより、偏光フィルム/該プレートが積層された光学基材を準備した。
次に、端部に0.1mm厚のスペーサを配置した光学物品用の無機ガラスからなるプレート上に、フォトクロミック硬化性組成物を塗布し、その上に偏光フィルムが積層された前記光学基材を、偏光フィルム面がフォトクロミック硬化性組成物と接するように配置した。
得られたフォトクロミック積層体について、実施例1と同様の方法でフォトクロミック性、耐久性の評価を行ない、評価結果を表19~20に示した。なお、(i)成分の運動性は、上記方法と同じ条件で別にフォトクロミック硬化性組成物を硬化させて、得られた硬化体を測定した。耐熱性については、無機ガラスからなるプレートの影響があるため、評価はしていない。
20: 軸分子
30: 環状分子
40: 嵩高い末端基
50: 側鎖
1: 光学積層体
2: 光学基材
3: プライマー層
4: 樹脂組成物
110:眼鏡
111:レンズ
112:フレーム
Claims (15)
- 分子鎖中にポリオキシプロピレン鎖を有するウレタン系樹脂、及び
フォトクロミック化合物を含み、
13C-PST/MAS核磁気共鳴分光分析による第1スペクトルにおける16ppm以上20ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(PMIpst)と、
13C-CP/MAS核磁気共鳴分光分析による第2スペクトルにおける16ppm以上20ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(PMIcp)との比(PMIpst/PMIcp)が、8.0以上40.0以下である樹脂組成物。 - 前記第1スペクトルにおける10ppm以上15ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(AMIpst)と、
前記第2スペクトルにおける10ppm以上15ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(AMIcp)との比(AMIpst/AMIcp)が、7.0以上23.0以下である、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。 - 前記第1スペクトルにおける68ppm以上72ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(EIpst)と、
前記第2スペクトルにおける68ppm以上72ppm以下の範囲内のシグナルの最大強度(EIcp)との比(EIpst/EIcp)が、5.0以上20.0以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の樹脂組成物。 - 蛍光X線分析によるアルカリ金属イオン及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの合計含有量は、500ppm以下である請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ウレタン系樹脂は、
(A)イソシアネート基及びイソチオシアネート基からなる群より選ばれるイソ(チオ)シアネート基を分子中に2個以上有するポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分と、
(B)活性水素含有基を有する活性水素含有成分と、
を反応させて得られる樹脂であって、
前記(B)活性水素含有成分が有する活性水素含有基の総モル数をnBとし、
前記(A)ポリイソ(チオ)シアネート成分が有するイソ(チオ)シアネート基の総モル数をnAとしたとき、
その比(nA/nB)が1.00以上1.50以下であり、
前記(B)活性水素含有成分は、
(B1)活性水素含有基を1分子中に3個以上有する多官能活性水素含有成分と、
(B2)活性水素含有基を1分子中に1個、又は2個有する第1活性水素含有成分とを含み、
前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、数平均分子量が500以上であって、ポリオキシプロピレン鎖を分子中に有する、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。 - 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分が有するポリオキシプロピレン鎖は、オキシプロピレンの繰返し単位の平均値が2以上25以下である、請求項5に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、アルキル基及びポリオキシエチレン鎖の少なくとも一方を分子中にさらに有する、請求項5又は6に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、前記アルキル基を有し、その炭素数は、5以上20以下である、請求項7に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B2)第1活性水素含有成分は、前記ポリオキシエチレン鎖を有し、その繰り返し単位の平均値は、5以上25以下である、請求項7に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B1)多官能活性水素含有成分は、
分子中に第四級炭素原子を有し、該第四級炭素原子と結合する全ての基が活性水素含有基を有する化合物を含む、請求項5~9の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。 - 光学基材と、
前記光学基材の少なくとも一方の主面上に積層された請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物と、
を含む光学積層体。 - 偏光フィルムを更に含む請求項11に記載の光学積層体。
- 請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含む光学物品。
- 請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含むレンズ。
- 請求項14に記載のレンズを含む眼鏡。
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