WO2020136995A1 - セルロース粉末、その使用および錠剤 - Google Patents
セルロース粉末、その使用および錠剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020136995A1 WO2020136995A1 PCT/JP2019/033506 JP2019033506W WO2020136995A1 WO 2020136995 A1 WO2020136995 A1 WO 2020136995A1 JP 2019033506 W JP2019033506 W JP 2019033506W WO 2020136995 A1 WO2020136995 A1 WO 2020136995A1
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- IEDVJHCEMCRBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoprim Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(N)=NC=2)N)=C1 IEDVJHCEMCRBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-QTFUVMRISA-N troleandomycin Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@@]2(OC2)C[C@H](C)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)OC(C)=O)[C@H]1C LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-QTFUVMRISA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBRXOUCRJQVYJQ-CKNDUULBSA-N withaferin A Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@]3(CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)C(=O)C=C[C@H](O)[C@@]65O[C@@H]6C[C@H]4[C@@H]3CC2)C)C)C(C)=C(CO)C(=O)O1 DBRXOUCRJQVYJQ-CKNDUULBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/433—Thidiazoles
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
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- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
- C08B1/08—Alkali cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
- C08B15/02—Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose; Cellulosehydrate, e.g. microcrystalline cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
- C08B15/08—Fractionation of cellulose, e.g. separation of cellulose crystallites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
- C08L1/04—Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose, e.g. microcrystalline cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cellulose powder, its use and tablets.
- the dissolution rate and dissolution time of active ingredients such as drugs are one of the important factors in formulation design.
- the dissolution rate of the active ingredient is not unconditionally determined depending on the type of the active ingredient, but it depends on many factors such as the content of the active ingredient, the dosage form, the procedure of the formulation, the type and characteristics of the pharmaceutical additive. It is decided. Even if the same active ingredient is administered, the drug efficacy may differ due to different elution rate and elution time, so control within the appropriate elution rate and elution time range for each active ingredient. Needs to be done. In particular, so-called generic preparations are usually required to show the same dissolution rate as that of the new drug to be compared. Further, when a poorly water-soluble medicinal component is formulated, deterioration of disintegration and a decrease in dissolution rate become problems.
- the mount (the sediment accumulated in a mountain shape) is generated on the bottom of the container, which delays the dissolution and makes it difficult to accurately evaluate the dissolution rate. There are cases. It is considered that the elution is delayed because the flow rate of the solvent is small inside the mount and the active component stays at a relatively high concentration inside the mount.
- One of the causes of mounting is that the active ingredient and the non-water-soluble pharmaceutical additives (excipients, etc.) form physical aggregates and sink to the bottom.
- one of the effective means is to reduce the compounding amount of the pharmaceutical additive or change to one having a low specific gravity.
- the once determined formulation (composition) cannot be easily changed.
- crystalline cellulose is one of the typical pharmaceutical additives, the true specific gravity of cellulose is about 1.5 times that of water, and it is a component that easily sinks in water and easily forms a mount.
- crystalline cellulose has excellent properties in terms of moldability, disintegration, etc., if the compounding amount of crystalline cellulose is reduced or other components are replaced for the purpose of preventing the occurrence of mount, the formulation will be May affect other physical properties of. Therefore, when the mount occurred in the dissolution test of the preparation using crystalline cellulose, it was not easy to improve the dissolution rate.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a porous cellulose aggregate having a secondary agglomeration structure formed by agglomeration of primary cellulose particles and having a pore volume within a particle within a specific range. It is described that by using this porous cellulose aggregate, the elution rate of the poorly water-soluble active ingredient can be improved.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing a preparation using a surfactant. It is described that the use of a surfactant can improve the dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble medicinal component.
- Patent Document 1 does not mention the occurrence of the mount during the dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro.
- solubilizing agent such as a surfactant causes a decrease in the hardness and moldability of tablets, so it is required to reduce the amount of the solubilizing agent used.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, while maintaining good moldability and disintegration, cellulose powder capable of suppressing the occurrence of mounts during the dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro and the cellulose powder.
- cellulose powder capable of suppressing the occurrence of mounts during the dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro and the cellulose powder.
- a method of suppressing the occurrence of mount using the is provided.
- the present invention also provides a tablet containing a poorly water-soluble medicinal component and having excellent moldability, disintegration property, and dissolution property.
- a cellulose powder having an alkali-soluble content within a specific range is a mount of a mount during the dissolution test of an active ingredient in vitro. Generation can be suppressed, and by using cellulose with an alkali-soluble content within a specific range, disintegration and dissolution are improved while maintaining good moldability of tablets containing poorly water-soluble medicinal ingredients. They have found that they can do so and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- [1] Cellulose powder containing 32% by mass or more and 44% by mass or less of an alkali-soluble substance dissolved in a 17.5% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, based on the total mass of the cellulose powder.
- [2] The cellulose powder according to [1], which contains 33% by mass or more and 42% by mass or less of the alkali-soluble substance with respect to the total mass of the cellulose powder.
- the cellulose powder according to [1] which has an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less of the particle diameter corresponding to the primary particles of cellulose.
- [4] The cellulose powder according to [1] or [2], which has a water absorption of 160% or more and 360% or less.
- [5] The cellulose powder according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the cellulose particles (L/D) is 1.8 or more and 3.5 or less.
- a method for suppressing the occurrence of mount which comprises using the cellulose powder according to any one of [1] to [4] in a preparation to be subjected to a dissolution test of an active ingredient.
- [8] A tablet containing at least one active ingredient and the cellulose described in any one of [1] to [7].
- the active ingredient is Class 2 or Class 4 in the regulations of the biopharmaceutical classification system adopted by FDA.
- [12] The tablet according to any one of [8] to [11], wherein the tablet has a hardness of 50 N or more.
- the cellulose powder of the above aspect it is possible to provide a cellulose powder capable of suppressing the occurrence of mounts during the in vitro dissolution test of the active ingredient while maintaining good moldability and disintegration property. According to the method of the above aspect, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of mounts during the dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro.
- the tablet of the above embodiment contains a poorly water-soluble medicinal component and is excellent in moldability, disintegration property, and dissolution property.
- the present embodiment a mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and can be variously modified and implemented within the scope of the gist thereof.
- Cellulose powder is generally called crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose or the like, and is preferably used as a pharmaceutical additive or food additive.
- the cellulose powder is preferably crystalline cellulose.
- Examples of the crystalline cellulose include microcrystalline cellulose described in Food Additives Compendial Book 8th Edition, crystalline cellulose described in Japanese Pharmacopoeia (17th revision), US Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia, etc. The described crystalline cellulose is known.
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment preferably has an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 18 ⁇ m or more and 130 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. ..
- the average particle size is within the above range, the compression moldability and the disintegration property can be simultaneously improved while effectively suppressing the occurrence of the mount during the dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro.
- the average particle size is 20 ⁇ m or more, the fluidity of the powder becomes better.
- the average particle size of the cellulose powder is a particle size with a cumulative volume of 50% measured by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution meter (LA-950 V2 (trade name), manufactured by Horiba Ltd.).
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment contains an alkali-soluble substance that is dissolved in a 17.5% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, so that water can be appropriately absorbed easily, water can be attracted into the cellulose particles, and water particles can easily flow up. Conceivable. Therefore, by using the cellulose powder of the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of mount (sedimentation) during the in vitro dissolution test of the active ingredient.
- the "dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro" referred to here is, specifically, as described in Examples described later, under the conditions of 900 mL of water, 37° C., and a paddle rotation speed of 50 rpm. This is a test to dissolve tablets. Further, the tablet containing the cellulose powder of the present embodiment can accelerate the disintegration of the tablet in vivo and release the active ingredient well. Therefore, the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is suitable for orally disintegrating tablets (OD tablets).
- the lower limit of the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is 32% by mass, preferably 33% by mass, and more preferably 34% by mass, based on the total mass of the cellulose powder.
- the upper limit of the content of the alkali-soluble substance is 44% by mass, preferably 42% by mass, and more preferably 41% by mass, based on the total mass of the cellulose powder. That is, the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder is 32% by mass or more and 44% by mass or less, preferably 33% by mass or more and 42% by mass or less, and 34% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the cellulose powder. It is more preferably 41% by mass or less.
- the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is within the above range, the occurrence of mount can be effectively suppressed.
- the content of the alkali-soluble component is preferably 32% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the cellulose powder, since it is excellent in disintegration in the oral cavity.
- the alkali-soluble substance which dissolves in the 17.5 mass% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in cellulose powder can be measured using the following method. Specifically, first, 1 g of each cellulose powder is weighed out in a plastic 50 mL centrifuge tube (the weight of the cellulose powder actually weighed here is M1 [g]). 25 mL of a 17.5 mass% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added at room temperature (20° C.), the aqueous solution is stirred with a spoon, and the entire cellulose powder is immersed in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and allowed to stand.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution After 30 minutes have passed since the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, 10 mL of distilled water is added, and the mixture is stirred with a spoon and left standing for 5 minutes. Then, the aqueous solution is centrifuged (centrifugal force: 15000 G, time: 20 minutes, temperature: 20° C.) to precipitate a solid content, and 20 mL of the supernatant is sucked with a dropper and discarded. To the remaining precipitate and solution, add 25 mL of distilled water and stir with a spoon. Then, the aqueous solution is centrifuged (15000 G ⁇ 20 minutes) to precipitate the solid content, and 25 mL of the supernatant is discarded.
- the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder can be adjusted, for example, by appropriately changing the conditions for hydrolysis of cellulose. Specifically, for example, by increasing the concentration of acid used for hydrolysis, increasing the shearing force acting on the cellulose, increasing the treatment time of hydrolysis, etc.
- the content of the substance can be increased.
- the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder tends to increase by physically disintegrating the cellulose powder into small particles.
- the content of the alkali-soluble substance in the cellulose powder can be adjusted by a method of mixing two or more types of aqueous cellulose dispersions produced under different conditions and drying.
- the loose bulk density of the cellulose powder of this embodiment is preferably 0.10 g/cc or more and 0.34 g/cc or less, more preferably 0.11 g/cc or more and 0.33 g/cc or less, and 0.12 g/cc or more 0 It is more preferably 0.30 g/cc or less, and particularly preferably 0.13 g/cc or more and 0.24 g/cc or less.
- the loose bulk density can be measured using the method described in Examples below.
- the bulk density of the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is preferably 0.25 g/cc or more and 0.60 g/cc or less, more preferably 0.26 g/cc or more and 0.58 g/cc or less, and 0.28 g/cc or more. It is more preferably 0.57 g/cc or less. Therefore, when the bulk density is not less than the above lower limit value, it is likely to be uniformly mixed with an active ingredient such as a drug, and the handleability becomes better. On the other hand, when the bulk density is not more than the above upper limit, segregation of the active ingredient can be effectively suppressed.
- the firm bulk density can be measured by the method described in Examples below.
- the compression ratio of the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is preferably 21% or more and 70% or less, more preferably 23% or more and 60% or less, further preferably 25% or more and 48% or less, and particularly preferably 25% or more and 44% or less.
- the compression rate can be calculated using the method described in the examples below.
- the whiteness is preferably 80 or more and 100 or less, more preferably 90 or more and 100 or less, and further preferably 95 or more and 100 or less.
- the obtained tablet is white and has an excellent appearance.
- the whiteness can be measured using the method described in Examples below.
- the water absorption amount is preferably 160% or more and 360% or less, more preferably 160% or more and 350% or less.
- the “water absorption amount” is an index of how much water the cellulose powder absorbs, based on the weight of the cellulose powder.
- the amount of water absorption can be calculated using the method shown below. First, in a plastic 50 mL centrifuge tube, 2 g of cellulose powder is weighed (the mass actually weighed is “Wi” [g]), 30 mL of pure water is added, and dispersed with stirring with a spoon. The whole cellulose powder is soaked in pure water. After standing for 30 minutes, centrifugation (centrifugal force: 7500 G, time: 10 minutes, temperature: 20° C.) is performed to precipitate a solid content. Tilt the mouth of the centrifuge tube downward so as not to destroy the precipitated cellulose layer, remove the supernatant liquid, and tilt the mouth of the centrifuge tube 30° downward from the horizontal on a table covered with paper towels. Drain excess water by letting it sit for a minute. Then, the mass (Wf [g]) of the water-absorbed cellulose powder is measured. Using the obtained Wi and Wf, the water absorption amount (%) can be calculated by the formula shown below.
- the average particle diameter corresponding to primary particles is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the primary particles are unit particles, and aggregates of the primary particles are referred to as secondary particles (aggregate, agglomerate).
- secondary particles aggregate, agglomerate
- the average particle diameter corresponding to the primary particles can be measured by the method described in Examples below.
- the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the cellulose particles is preferably 1.8 or more and 4.0 or less. It is more preferably 2.0 or more and 3.8 or less, and even more preferably 2.2 or more and 3.5 or less.
- the aspect ratio (L/D) can be measured using the method described in Examples below.
- the lower limit of the angle of repose is preferably 34°, more preferably 36°, further preferably 37°, particularly preferably 43°.
- the upper limit of the angle of repose is not particularly limited, but is theoretically less than 90°.
- the angle of repose is an index of fluidity generally used in the field of powder, and the lower the angle of repose is, the more excellent the fluidity is, and the easier it is to uniformly mix with the medicinal component and other components.
- the upper limit of the angle of repose is preferably 80°, more preferably 70°, even more preferably 60°.
- the method for producing the cellulose powder of this embodiment will be described below.
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is obtained by, for example, including a step of dispersing a hydrolyzed natural cellulosic material in an appropriate medium to obtain an aqueous cellulose dispersion, and a step of drying the aqueous dispersion.
- the solid content concentration of the cellulose aqueous dispersion is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the solid content containing the hydrolyzed cellulosic material is isolated from the hydrolysis reaction solution obtained by the hydrolysis treatment, and the dispersion prepared by dispersing this in a suitable medium may be dried. .. Also, the hydrolysis solution can be directly dried.
- the natural cellulosic material may be of plant or animal origin, for example, wood, bamboo, cotton, ramie, squirts, bagasse, kenaf, a fibrous material derived from a natural product containing cellulose such as bacterial cellulose, and cellulose. It preferably has an I-type crystal structure.
- the raw material one of the above-mentioned natural cellulosic materials may be used, or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used. Further, although it is preferable to use it in the form of refined pulp, there is no particular limitation on the method of refinement of the pulp, and any pulp such as dissolving pulp, kraft pulp and NBKP pulp may be used.
- the solid content containing the natural cellulosic material is preferably water as a medium used when dispersed in an appropriate medium, but is not particularly limited as long as it is industrially used, for example, Organic solvents may be used.
- Organic solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, 2-methylbutyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol; hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane; acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, and the like. Examples include ketones.
- the organic solvent is preferably used for pharmaceuticals, and examples thereof include those classified as a solvent in "Pharmaceutical Additives" (published by Yakuji Nippo Co., Ltd.).
- Water and an organic solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and may be dispersed in one medium after being once dispersed in one medium. ..
- the average particle diameter of the cellulose particles (cellulose dispersed particles) in the aqueous dispersion is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. ..
- the average particle size in the dispersion is within the above range, it is easy to obtain the average particle size of the cellulose particles obtained after drying in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the cellulose dispersed particles, the degree of polymerization of the raw material cellulose by hydrolysis, and, in the hydrolysis and dispersion step of the cellulose, by controlling the stirring force of at least one of the steps, controlled to a desired range can do.
- the degree of cellulose polymerization is decreased, and the average particle diameter of the cellulose in the dispersion tends to be small, and even if the stirring power of the solution is increased, The average particle size of the cellulose dispersed particles tends to be small.
- An acid or an alkali can be used for hydrolysis of a natural cellulosic material, but an acid is often used industrially.
- the acid concentration during hydrolysis is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less.
- a pulp fiber having an average width of 2 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less and an average thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less is heated under pressure in 0.01% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less of hydrochloric acid at a temperature of 70° C. or more and 140° C. or less.
- Hydrolysis is performed while rotating the stirrer at.
- the degree of progress of hydrolysis can be controlled by adjusting the motor power (P: unit W) of the stirrer and the stirring capacity (L: unit L).
- P/V represented by the following formula, the average particle diameter of the finally obtained cellulose particles is controlled to be 200 ⁇ m or less, and the content of the alkali-soluble substance is set within a specific range. It is possible to
- the drying method for drying the aqueous cellulose dispersion to obtain the cellulose powder is not particularly limited.
- freeze-drying, spray-drying, drum-drying, shelf-drying, air-flow drying, or vacuum-drying may be used, and one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the spraying method at the time of spray-drying may be any of a disk type, a pressure nozzle, a pressure two-fluid nozzle, a pressure four-fluid nozzle, etc., and one type may be used alone or two or more types may be used. You may use together.
- a small amount of a water-soluble polymer or a surfactant may be added for the purpose of lowering the surface tension of the dispersion, and a foaming agent may be added to the dispersion for the purpose of promoting the vaporization rate of the medium.
- a gas may be added.
- Cellulose containing cellulose dispersed particles in which the average particle size is a specific size by controlling the acid concentration and stirring conditions when preparing a cellulose aqueous dispersion, and the content of alkali-soluble substances is within a specific range Aqueous dispersion is obtained, further by adjusting the solid content concentration and drying conditions of the cellulose aqueous dispersion when drying this cellulose aqueous dispersion, the average particle diameter of the obtained cellulose powder, compressibility, angle of repose You can control.
- the stirring power at the time of preparing the cellulose aqueous dispersion is in a specific range, and the solid content concentration and the disk type of the cellulose aqueous dispersion at the time of spray drying are By adjusting the number of revolutions of spray drying within a specific range, a cellulose powder having an average particle diameter, content of an alkali-soluble substance, compressibility, and angle of repose within a specific range can be obtained.
- the average particle size and the content of the alkali-soluble substance are within a specific range. You may obtain the cellulose powder which is.
- the average particle size of the dried cellulose powder is larger than 200 ⁇ m, the average particle size can be adjusted to 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less by subjecting it to the pulverization step described later.
- the dried cellulose powder is treated with an ultracentrifugal crusher (ZM-200, manufactured by Retsch), a jet mill (STJ-200, manufactured by Seishin Enterprise), a hammer mill (H-12, manufactured by Hosokawa Micron), and a bantam mill (AP. -B, Hosokawa Micron Pin Mill (160Z, Powrex) Feather Mill (FM, Hosokawa Micron), Hammer Mill (HM-600, Nara Machinery), Flash Mill (FL-250N, Dalton), Ball Mill (Emax, Retsch) ), a vibrating ball mill (2C, made by TRU), a screen mill (U30, made by Paulec) that passes through a screen, and the like.
- ZM-200 ultracentrifugal crusher
- STJ-200 jet mill
- H-12 manufactured by Hosokawa Micron
- AP. -B Hosokawa Micron Pin Mill (160Z, Powrex) Feather Mill (FM, Hosokawa Micron), Hammer Mill
- a jet mill crusher (STJ-200, manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.) is an airflow crusher that crushes particles while colliding them with each other at a high air pressure, and secondary particles are easily crushed into primary particles, which is preferable.
- the powder supply amount and the pulverization pressure are important, and when the jet mill pulverizer (STJ-200, manufactured by Seishin Enterprise) is used, the supply amount is 10 kg/hour or more and 20 kg/hour or more. The following is preferable, and 15 kg/hour or more and 20 kg/hour or less is more preferable.
- the crushing pressure is preferably 0.15 MPa or more and 0.70 MPa or less, more preferably 0.30 MPa or more and 0.50 MPa or less. When the powder supply amount and the crushing pressure are within the above ranges, it tends to be easy to control the average particle diameter to 15 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less.
- ⁇ Use> Cellulose powder of the present embodiment, by blending in a composition containing an active ingredient, while maintaining good moldability and disintegration, the tablet generation of mount during dissolution test of the active ingredient in vitro was suppressed. Is obtained.
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is suitable for orally disintegrating tablets (OD tablets).
- the tablet of the present embodiment contains a poorly water-soluble drug component and the cellulose powder of the present embodiment.
- the tablet of the present embodiment can have good moldability, disintegration property, and dissolution property even if it contains a poorly water-soluble medicinal component by virtue of having the above-mentioned constitution.
- the constituent components of the tablet of the present embodiment will be described in detail below.
- the blending ratio of the above-mentioned cellulose powder to the tablet of the present embodiment can be mixed at any ratio, but a practically preferable range is 90% by mass or less based on the mass of the entire tablet.
- the lower limit is practically 0.1% by mass.
- it is preferably about 0.1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less. More preferable.
- the content of cellulose is preferably 1% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the tablet, and 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or more.
- the following is more preferable, 15 mass% or more and 80 mass% or less is still more preferable, and 15 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less is particularly preferable.
- the content of cellulose is within the above range, the moldability, disintegration property and dissolution property of the tablet can be further improved.
- “Slightly water-soluble medicinal ingredient] in the present specification, “poorly soluble” means that the amount of water required to dissolve 1 g of solute is 30 mL or more in the 17th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
- the poorly water-soluble medicinal component contained in the tablet of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but Class 2 (low solubility, low film) in the regulations of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System adopted by the FDA. It is preferably classified into good permeability) or Class 4 (low solubility, poor membrane permeability).
- those classified as Class 2 include, for example, artesunate, azithromycin, carbamazepine, cefixime, diaphenyl sulfone, etoposide, griseofulvin, ibuprofen, iopanoic acid, itraconazole, lopinavir, mebendazole, mefloquine hydrochloride, mercaptopurine, nevirapine.
- the poorly water-soluble medicinal components may be finely pulverized and mixed with the above-mentioned cellulose in the tablet of the present embodiment.
- the poorly water-soluble drug component used in the present specification is for the purpose of improving the dispersibility of the poorly water-soluble drug component, or improving the mixing uniformity of the poorly water-soluble drug component having a small amount of drug effect.
- the average particle diameter is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the content of the poorly water-soluble medicinal component in the tablet of the present embodiment is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 49% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the tablet. 0.1 mass% to 48 mass% is more preferable, and 1 mass% to 45 mass% is particularly preferable.
- the tablet of the present embodiment may contain a solubilizing agent as a component for assisting the dissolution of the poorly water-soluble medicinal component in addition to the cellulose and the poorly water-soluble medicinal component.
- solubilizer those described in "Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Additives" (published by Yakuji Nippo) can be appropriately used, and examples thereof include polyalkylene glycol, block copolymer type polyalkylene glycol, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate.
- Surfactants such as salts, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers can be mentioned.
- the polyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the like. Macrogol 4000, Macrogol 6000, etc.
- Examples of the block copolymer type polyalkylene glycol include polyoxyethylene (160) polyoxypropylene (30) glycol and the like.
- Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate include sodium polyoxyethylene cetyl ether phosphate and the like.
- Examples of the polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester include polyethylene glycol monooleate and polyethylene glycol dioleate.
- Examples of the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester include polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80).
- Examples of the polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester include polyoxyethylene glycerin monostearate.
- Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and the like.
- Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether include polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether and the like.
- the content of the solubilizing agent in the tablet of the present embodiment is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on the total mass of the tablet.
- the tablet of the present embodiment can be a tablet having excellent moldability, disintegration property, and dissolution property, while the content of the solubilizer is within the above range.
- the active ingredient refers to a mixed powder, a molded product, a processed product, or the like, which is added in order to exert a desired function or effect in the fields of medicines, health foods, foods, industrial fields, etc.
- an active ingredient in the pharmaceutical field is a medicinal active ingredient.
- an active ingredient of an orally administered drug is preferable.
- the orally administered drug include antipyretic and analgesic anti-inflammatory drug, hypnotic sedative, drowsiness preventive, analgesic, pediatric analgesic, stomachic, antacid, digestive, cardiotonic, arrhythmic drug, antihypertensive drug, Examples include vasodilators, diuretics, anti-ulcer agents, intestinal agents, osteoporosis remedies, antitussive expectorants, antiasthma agents, antibacterial agents, frequent urine improving agents, nutritional tonics, vitamins and the like.
- the medicinal component may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- aspirin for example, aspirin, aspirin aluminum, acetaminophen, etenzamid, sazapyrine, salicylamide, lactylphenetidine, isothibenzyl hydrochloride, diphenylpyraline hydrochloride, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, difeterol hydrochloride, triprolidine hydrochloride, triperenamine hydrochloride, tonsilamine hydrochloride.
- Phenetadine hydrochloride metzirazine hydrochloride, diphenhydramine salicylate, carbinoxamine diphenyldisulfonate, alimemazine tartrate, diphenhydramine tannate, diphenylpyraline theoclate, napadisylate mebuhydroline, promethazine methylene disalicylate, carbinoxamine maleic acid, dl-maleic acid dl-maleic acid.
- -Chlorpheniramine maleate difeterol phosphate, aloclamide hydrochloride, cloperastine hydrochloride, pentoxyberine citrate (carbetapentane citrate), tipepidine citrate, sodium dibnate, dextromethorphan hydrobromide, dextromethorphan.
- the active ingredient for health foods is not limited as long as it is a component to be added for the purpose of enhancing health, for example, green juice powder, aglycone, agarix, ashwagandha, astaxanthin, acerola, amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine, Lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, histidine, cystine, tyrosine, arginine, alanine, aspartic acid, seaweed powder, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, serine, etc.), alginic acid, ginkgo leaf extract, sardine peptide, turmeric, uron Acid, Echinacea, Eleuthero, oligosaccharide, oleic acid, nucleoprotein, bonito peptide, catechin, potassium, calcium, carotenoid, garcinia, L-carnitine, chitosan, conjug
- John's wort extract soy isoflavone, soybean saponin, soybean peptide, soybean lecithin, simple sugar , Protein, chest tree extract, iron, copper, docosahexaenoic acid, tocotrienol, nattokinase, Bacillus natto culture extract, niacin sodium, nicotinic acid, disaccharide, lactic acid bacterium, garlic, saw palmetto, germinated rice, coix extract, herb extract, valerian Extract, pantothenic acid, hyaluronic acid, biotin, chromium picolinate, vitamin A, vitamin A2, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, hydroxytyrosol, bifidobacteria, Brewery yeast, fructooligosaccharides, flavonoids, butchers bloom extract, black cohosh, blueberries, prune extracts, proanthocyanidins, proteins,
- the active ingredient may be water-soluble or poorly soluble.
- “Slightly soluble” means that the amount of water required to dissolve 1 g of solute is 30 mL or more in the 17th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
- Examples of the poorly water-soluble solid active ingredient include, for example, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, benzoic acid, etenzamid, caffeine, camphor, quinine, calcium gluconate, dimethylcaprol, sulfamine, theophylline, theopromine, riboflavin, mephenesin, and pheno.
- Barbital aminophylline, thioacetazone, quercetin, rutin, salicylic acid, theophylline sodium salt, pirapital, quinine hydrochloride, irgapyrin, dichitoxin, griseofulvin, phenacetin, and other antipyretic and analgesic agents, nervous system drugs, sedative hypnotics, muscle relaxants, blood pressure hardening agents.
- Non-steroidal egg yolk hormone agents such as; and other medicinal ingredients such as fat-soluble vitamins described in “Japanese Pharmacopoeia”, “External Group”, “USP”, “NF”, “EP”, etc.
- the active ingredient may be a poorly water-soluble oily or liquid form.
- Slightly water-soluble oily and liquid active ingredients in the active ingredient include, for example, vitamins such as teprenone, indomethacin farnesyl, menatetrenone, phytonadione, vitamin A oil, phenipentol, vitamin D, vitamin E, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid).
- Vitamin E includes various homologues and derivatives, but is not particularly limited as long as it is liquid at room temperature. Examples thereof include dl- ⁇ -tocopherol, dl- ⁇ -tocopherol acetate, d- ⁇ -tocopherol, and d- ⁇ -tocopherol acetate. One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- the active ingredient may be a poorly water-soluble semi-solid active ingredient.
- the poorly water-soluble semi-solid form of the active ingredient include earth dragon, licorice, cinnamon, peony, button pi, valerian, salamander, ginger, chimpanzee, maou, nantenjitsu, halibut, ondi, kyokyo, chazenshi, chazensou, stone.
- the active ingredient may be sublimable.
- the sublimable active ingredient for example, benzoic acid, etenzamid, caffeine, camphor, salicylic acid, phenacetin, ibuprofen, etc., "Japanese Pharmacopoeia”, “External Group”, “USP”, “NF”, “EP” And sublimable medicinal properties and the like.
- One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- the sublimable active ingredient as used herein is not particularly limited as long as it has sublimation properties, and it may be solid at room temperature, liquid, or semi-solid. It may be in a shape or in any state.
- the active ingredients may be blended in the tablet of the present embodiment together with the cellulose powder of the present embodiment in a finely pulverized state.
- the active ingredient used in the present specification has an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less for the purpose of improving the dispersibility of the active ingredient or improving the mixing uniformity of the active ingredient having a medicinal effect in a small amount. It may be finely pulverized.
- the average particle size of the active ingredient is more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the tablet of the present embodiment may further contain other additives in addition to the above-mentioned cellulose powder and poorly water-soluble drug component.
- Other additives include excipients, disintegrants, binder fluidizing agents, lubricants, corrigents, and the like.
- Excipients other than cellulose powder include acrylic acid starch, L-aspartic acid, aminoethylsulfonic acid, aminoacetic acid, candy (powder), gum arabic, gum arabic powder, alginic acid, sodium alginate, pregelatinized starch, pumice granules.
- celluloses such as croscarmellose sodium, carmellose, carmellose calcium, carmellose sodium, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch, rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato Starch, such as starch and partially pregelatinized starch;
- disintegrants in "Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary” (published by Yakuji Nippo Co., Ltd.) such as synthetic polymers such as crospovidone and crospovidone copolymer You can One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- binder examples include sugars such as sucrose, glucose, lactose, and fructose; sugar alcohols such as mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, erythritol, and sorbitol; gelatin, pullulan, carrageenan, locust bean gum, agar, glucomannan, xanthan gum, tamarind.
- sugars such as sucrose, glucose, lactose, and fructose
- sugar alcohols such as mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, erythritol, and sorbitol
- gelatin pullulan
- carrageenan locust bean gum
- locust bean gum agar, glucomannan, xanthan gum, tamarind.
- Water-soluble polysaccharides such as gum, pectin, sodium alginate, and gum arabic; celluloses such as crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose; starches such as pregelatinized starch and starch paste; polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymer, Synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol; Calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, synthetic hydrotalcite, inorganic compounds such as magnesium aluminate silicate, etc. in "Pharmaceutical additives" (published by Yakuji Nippo Co., Ltd.) Mention may be made of those classified as binders. One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- Examples of the fluidizing agent include those classified as fluidizing agents in the "Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary” (published by Yakuji Nippo Co., Ltd.) such as hydrous silicon dioxide and silicon compounds such as light anhydrous silicic acid. .. One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- Examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid, sucrose fatty acid ester, and talc, which are classified as lubricants in the "Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary” (published by Yakuji Nippo). .. One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- “pharmaceutical additive encyclopedia” such as glutamic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, sodium chloride, 1-menthol (published by Yakuji Daily Co., Ltd.) ) Include those classified as flavoring agents.
- One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- oils such as orange, vanilla, strawberry, yogurt, menthol, fennel oil, cinnamon oil, spruce oil, peppermint oil, etc.
- pharmaceutical encyclopedia published by Yakuji Nippo Co.
- Those classified as perfumes can be mentioned.
- One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- coloring agents food coloring agents such as food red No. 3, food yellow No. 5, food blue No. 1, etc., and "pharmaceutical additive encyclopedia” (published by Yakuji Daily) such as copper chlorophin sodium, titanium oxide, riboflavin, etc. Can be listed as.
- One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- sweetener examples include those classified as “sweeteners” in the “Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary” (published by Yakuji Nippo) such as aspartame, saccharin, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, stevia, maltose, maltitol, starch syrup, and armacha powder. You can One selected from the above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- the tablet of the present embodiment can be manufactured, for example, using the method described below.
- the tablet manufacturing method shown below is an example, and the effects of the present embodiment are not limited to the following methods.
- a method for producing tablets for example, a method of mixing a poorly water-soluble medicinal ingredient and cellulose and then compression-molding can be mentioned.
- other additives may be added, if necessary.
- Other additives are, for example, selected from components such as the above-mentioned excipients, disintegrating agents, binders, fluidizing agents, lubricants, corrigents, flavors, coloring agents, sweeteners, solubilizing agents and the like. One or more may be mentioned.
- each component is not particularly limited, and i) a poorly water-soluble drug component and cellulose, and optionally a mixture of other additives at once, and compression molding, ii) a poorly water-soluble drug component, Any of a method of pre-mixing at least one additive of a fluidizing agent and a lubricant, mixing cellulose with other additives as required, and then compression-molding may be used. I) is preferred because of the ease of operation. It is also possible to add a lubricant to the mixed powder for compression molding obtained in i) and ii), further mix, and then perform compression molding.
- each component is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used method, but a small suction transportation device, an air transportation device, a bucket conveyor, a pressure transportation device, a vacuum conveyor, a vibrating quantitative feeder, a spray, a funnel. Etc. may be used for continuous addition or may be added all at once.
- a spraying method a pressure nozzle, a two-fluid nozzle, a four-fluid nozzle, a rotating disk, an ultrasonic nozzle, etc. are used, and a sparingly water-soluble drug component/dispersion is sprayed, and a sparingly water-soluble drug component solution from a tubular nozzle. / Any method of dropping the dispersion liquid may be used.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used method, but a container rotary mixer such as a V-type, W-type, double-cone type, container-tack type mixer; high-speed stirring type, universal stirring type, A stirring type mixer such as a ribbon type, pug type or Nauter type mixer; a high speed fluid type mixer, a drum type mixer or a fluidized bed type mixer may be used. Also, a container shaking type mixer such as a shaker can be used.
- the compression molding method is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used method, but a method of compression molding into a desired shape using a die and a pestle, a method of pre-compressing into a sheet and then cutting into a desired shape But it's okay.
- a static pressure press machine for example, a roller type press machine such as a briquetting roller type press machine or a smooth roller type press machine; a compressor such as a single punch tableting machine or a rotary tableting machine can be used. ..
- the method of dissolving or dispersing the poorly water-soluble medicinal component in the medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used dissolution and dispersion method, but it is a unidirectional rotary type such as a portable mixer, a three-dimensional mixer, a side mixer, or a multi-axis rotary type.
- Type reciprocal reversing type, vertical movement type, rotation + vertical movement type, pipe type agitation and mixing method using agitating blades, jet type agitation and mixing method such as line mixer, gas blowing type agitation and mixing method, high shear
- a mixing method using a homogenizer, a high-pressure homogenizer, an ultrasonic homogenizer, or a container shaking type mixing method using a shaker may be used.
- the solvent used in the above-mentioned manufacturing method is not particularly limited as long as it is used in pharmaceuticals, but for example, at least one of water and an organic solvent may be used.
- the organic solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, 2-methylbutyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol; hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane and cyclohexane; ketones such as acetone and ethyl methyl ketone. And the like, which are classified as solvents in the “Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary” (published by Yakuji Nippo). It may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, and it may be dispersed in one medium, then the medium may be removed and dispersed in a different medium.
- a solubilizer may be used as a solubilizing agent when dissolving a poorly water-soluble medicinal component in a medium.
- the solubilizer include water-soluble polymers, fats and oils, surfactants and the like.
- the water-soluble polymer fats and oils and surfactants used as the solubilizing agent, those described in the "Pharmaceutical Additives Dictionary" (published by Yakuji Nippo) can be appropriately used. The same as those exemplified as the agent can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a method for forming a tablet for example, a mixture of a poorly water-soluble drug component and cellulose, or a mixture of at least one poorly water-soluble drug component and cellulose, and optionally other additives
- a direct compression method in which compression molding is carried out as it is may be mentioned.
- a manufacturing method such as a manufacturing method of a polynuclear tablet having a tablet which is compression-molded in advance as a core and a multilayer tablet in which a plurality of previously-compressed molded bodies are stacked and compressed again may be used.
- the direct compression method is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity and easy process control.
- ⁇ Compression-molded tablets may be further coated.
- coating agent used in this case include coating agents described in "Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Additives” (published by Yakuji Nippo). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Granulation methods for granulation in the manufacturing process include dry granulation, wet granulation, heat granulation, spray granulation, and microencapsulation.
- a fluidized bed granulation method specifically, a fluidized bed granulation method, a stirring granulation method, an extrusion granulation method, a crushing granulation method, and a tumbling granulation method are effective.
- the fluidized powder is sprayed with the binding solution for granulation.
- the stirring granulation method powder is mixed, kneaded, and granulated simultaneously in a closed structure by rotating a stirring blade in a mixing tank while adding a binding solution.
- the wet mass kneaded by the addition of the binding solution is compulsorily extruded from a screen having an appropriate size by a screw method, a basket method, or the like to perform granulation.
- the wet mass kneaded by the addition of the binding solution is sheared and crushed by the rotary blade of the granulator, and the centrifugal force ejects it from the outer peripheral screen to granulate.
- the particles are rolled by the centrifugal force of the rotating rotor, and the bound liquid sprayed from the spray gun at this time grows spherical granules with a uniform particle size in a snowball manner. ..
- Granules can be dried by hot air heating (shelf drying, vacuum drying, fluidized bed drying), conduction heat transfer (flat pan type, tray box type, drum type), or freeze drying. Can also be used.
- hot air heating type hot air is brought into direct contact with the additive to simultaneously remove evaporated water.
- conductive heat transfer type the additive is indirectly heated through the heat transfer wall.
- freeze-drying additives should be frozen at -10°C or higher and 40°C or lower, and then heated under high vacuum (1.3 ⁇ 10 -5 MPa or more and 2.6 ⁇ 10 -4 MPa or less). To sublimate and remove water.
- the friability of the tablet of the present embodiment is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less, further preferably 0.3% or less, and 0.2% or less. Is particularly preferable, and 0.1% or less is the most preferable.
- the friability of the tablet of the present embodiment can be set to not more than the above upper limit value by containing the above cellulose.
- the hardness of the tablet of the present embodiment is preferably 50 N or higher, and more preferably 51 N or higher.
- the tablet of the present embodiment can have a hardness not higher than the upper limit value.
- the hardness of the tablet can be measured using the method described in the examples below.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution After 30 minutes had passed since the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, 10 mL of distilled water was added, and the mixture was stirred with a spoon and left standing for 5 minutes. Next, the aqueous solution is centrifuged (inverter compact high speed cooling centrifuge, Kubota Seisakusho, model: 6930, angle rotor RA-400, centrifugal force: 15000 G, time: 20 minutes, temperature: 20° C., Accel: Rapid, Decel: Rapid). ), the solid content was precipitated, and 20 mL of the supernatant was sucked with a dropper and discarded. 25 mL of distilled water was added to the remaining precipitate and solution, and the mixture was stirred with a spoon.
- inverter compact high speed cooling centrifuge Kubota Seisakusho, model: 6930, angle rotor RA-400, centrifugal force: 15000 G, time: 20 minutes, temperature: 20° C.,
- the aqueous solution was centrifuged (15000 G ⁇ 20 minutes) to precipitate a solid content, and 25 mL of the supernatant was discarded.
- 25 mL of a 10 mass% acetic acid aqueous solution was added, and the mixture was stirred with a spoon to adjust the liquidity to acidic.
- the adjusted solution was subjected to suction filtration with a 1G3 glass filter whose mass (T1 [g]) at the time of drying was measured in advance.
- the solid matter remaining on the glass filter was washed with 40 mL of a 10 mass% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then with 500 mL of hot water (98°C).
- the powder (solid matter) after washing was put together with the glass filter in an oven at 105°C and dried for 6 hours or more.
- the powder and the glass filter were taken out of the oven, placed in a desiccator containing silica gel as a desiccant, cooled to room temperature, and the mass (W1 [g]) was measured.
- a blank test was conducted using distilled water instead of the 17.5 mass% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.
- the weight of cellulose actually weighed was MB [g]
- the weight of the glass filter was TB [g]
- the weight of the powder was WB [g].
- the content (%) of the alkali-soluble substance was calculated by the formula shown below.
- the alkali-soluble substance was measured twice or more for each cellulose powder, and the average value was used.
- a Scott volume meter (model ASTM B-329-85, manufactured by Tsutsui Rikagaku Kikai) was used to measure the loose bulk density of the cellulose powder, and the cellulose powder was filled into a 25 cc cylindrical metal container through a sieve (opening 1 mm). The loose powder density was determined by scraping away the cellulose powder contained in a 25 cc cylindrical metal container and dividing the mass (g) of the cellulose powder contained in the container by 25 cc. The measurement was performed 5 times and the average value was calculated.
- Compressibility (%) ([firm bulk density]-[loose bulk density])/[firm bulk density] x 100
- centrifuge inverter compact high speed cooling centrifuge, Kubota Seisakusho, model: 6930, angle rotor RA-400, centrifugal force: 7500G, time: 10 minutes, temperature: 20°C, Accel: Rapid, Decel : Rapid
- Excessive water was drained off by standing for a minute, and the mass (Wf [g]) of the absorbed cellulose powder was measured. Using the obtained Wi and Wf, the water absorption amount (%) was calculated by the formula shown below. The water absorption of each cellulose powder was measured twice or more, and the average value was used.
- Procedure 1 Binarization processing An image taken by a microscope was loaded in monochrome in analysis software, and the scale of the image was set by the two-point distance method. Next, “Otsu method” was selected in the binarization process, and the threshold value was set. Since the optimum threshold differs for each image, the threshold was selected so as to match the shape of the original particle as much as possible while comparing with the original image.
- Step 2 Binarization correction While comparing with the captured original image, appropriate measurement results can be obtained, such as particles overlapping each other, particles protruding from the screen, particles with blurry outlines, etc. Particles not found were deleted and excluded from measurement targets.
- Procedure 3 Filling in holes In the "filling in holes” mode, "8" was selected for “nearby” and “filling in holes” was executed. Next, the “binary image hand correction” was again performed to compare with the original image to confirm whether the correction was performed normally. If it was not corrected normally, the hand correction was performed again.
- the angle of repose of the cellulose powder was measured using a cellulose powder having a water content adjusted to 3.5% by mass or more and 4.5% by mass or less. The water content of the cellulose powder was adjusted to fall within the range by using the method described in "Physical Properties 3".
- a Sugihara type repose angle measuring instrument slit size: depth 10 ⁇ width 50 ⁇ height 140 mm, protractor installed at a position of width 50 mm
- Cellulose powder was dropped into the slit at a rate of 50 cc/min with a quantitative feeder to deposit the cellulose powder on the bottom of the device.
- the deposited cellulose powder gradually formed a slope, and the addition of the cellulose powder was continued until the slope formed a stable angle.
- the angle formed between this slope and the bottom of the device was read. This angle is the angle of repose of the cellulose powder. The measurement was performed 5 times and the average value was calculated.
- MCC plain tablet an orally disintegrating tablet
- OD tablet an orally disintegrating tablet
- Hardness Each tablet was measured for hardness after 20 hours or more and 48 hours or less immediately after tableting with a hardness meter (DR.SCHLEUNIGER Tablet Tester 8M). The hardness of each tablet was defined as the average value of 5 tablets of each pressing pressure.
- the dissolution test method was based on the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Dissolution Test Method, and 1 tablet was put in under the conditions of water 900 mL, 37° C., and paddle rotation speed 50 rpm. Twenty minutes after the tablets were put in, the state inside the dissolution test vessel was observed, and the formation of the mount at the bottom of the vessel was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
- Dissolution rate (1) Dissolution test of itraconazole tablets The dissolution test of itraconazole tablets was performed according to the Japanese Pharmacopoeia dissolution test method paddle method. Paddle rotation speed is 50 rpm, test liquid is Japanese Pharmacopoeia dissolution test solution 1 (pH 1.2), dissolution time 60 minutes (required level: dissolution rate 50% or more), 120 minutes (required level: dissolution rate 75%) The above elution rate was measured. The dissolution rate of the drug was measured by HPLC under the following measurement conditions.
- Detector UV absorptiometer (measurement wavelength: 225 nm)
- Column Octadecylsilanized silica gel column for liquid chromatography with an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 10 cm Column temperature: 30° C.
- Mobile phase A Tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate solution (concentration: 0.08 mol%, 17 g of tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate is dissolved in water to prepare an aqueous solution of 625 g)
- Mobile phase B Acetonitrile Liquid transfer of mobile phase: The concentration ratio was controlled by changing the mixing ratio of mobile phase A and mobile phase B as follows. Immediately after injection 0-20 minutes (A/B: 80/20 ⁇ 50/50), 20-25 minutes (A/B: 50/50), flow rate: 1.5 mL/min
- Dissolution test of acetazolamide tablets was conducted according to the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Dissolution Test Method Paddle Method.
- the paddle rotation speed was 50 rpm
- the test solution was the Japanese Pharmacopoeia dissolution test solution 1 (pH 1.2)
- the dissolution rate at a dissolution time of 90 minutes was measured.
- the dissolution rate of the drug was measured by measuring the absorbance of the test solution (265 nm, Japanese Pharmacopoeia dissolution test 1 solution).
- Example 1-1 Production of Cellulose Powder A
- a low-speed stirrer (30LGL manufactured by Ikebukuro Enamel Industry Co., Ltd.). It is placed in a reactor (trade name) and hydrolyzed with stirring (reaction conditions: hydrochloric acid concentration 0.05%, reaction temperature 80° C., reaction time 6 hours, stirring speed 5 rpm) to obtain an acid-insoluble residue. It was The obtained acid-insoluble residue was thoroughly washed with pure water until the electric conductivity of the filtrate became less than 100 ⁇ S/cm, and then filtered to obtain wet floc X.
- Example 1-2 Production of cellulose powder B
- the cellulose powder A obtained in Example 1-1 was pulverized with a jet mill (pulverization pressure 0.4 MPa) to obtain a cellulose powder B.
- Example 1-3 Production of cellulose powder C
- Cellulose was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that wet floc X and wet floc Y were mixed at a ratio of 50:50 (mass ratio of solid content). Powder C was obtained.
- Example 1-4 Production of Cellulose Powder D
- Cellulose powder C obtained in Example 1-3 was pulverized with a jet mill (pulverization pressure 0.4 MPa) to obtain cellulose powder D.
- Example 1-5 Production of Cellulose Powder E
- Cellulose was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that wet floc X and wet floc Y were mixed at 40:60 (mass ratio of solid content). Powder E was obtained.
- Example 1-6 Production of Cellulose Powder F
- the cellulose powder E obtained in Example 1-5 was pulverized by a jet mill (pulverization pressure 0.4 MPa) to obtain a cellulose powder F.
- Example 1-7 Production of Cellulose Powder G 2 kg of commercially available SP pulp shredded and 30 L of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution were placed in a low speed stirrer (30 LGL reactor (trade name) manufactured by Ikebukuro Enamel Industry Co., Ltd.). After adding and stirring, hydrolysis was carried out (reaction conditions: hydrochloric acid concentration 0.5%, reaction temperature 130° C., reaction time 2 hours, stirring speed 350 rpm) to obtain an acid-insoluble residue. The obtained acid-insoluble residue was thoroughly washed with pure water until the electric conductivity of the filtrate became less than 100 ⁇ S/cm, and then filtered to obtain wet flocs.
- a low speed stirrer 30 LGL reactor (trade name) manufactured by Ikebukuro Enamel Industry Co., Ltd.
- hydrolysis was carried out (reaction conditions: hydrochloric acid concentration 0.5%, reaction temperature 130° C., reaction time 2 hours, stirring speed 350 rpm) to obtain an acid-insoluble residue.
- the obtained wet floc was introduced into a 90 L poly bucket, pure water was added so that the total solid content concentration became 25% by mass, and the mixture was neutralized with ammonia water while stirring with a three-one motor (pH after neutralization was 7.5 or more). This was spray-dried (conditions: dispersion liquid supply rate 6 kg/hour, inlet temperature 180° C. or higher and 220° C. or lower, outlet temperature 50° C. or higher and 70° C. or lower) to obtain a cellulose powder G.
- the obtained wet floc was introduced into a 90 L poly bucket, pure water was added so that the total solid content concentration became 25% by mass, and the mixture was neutralized with ammonia water while stirring with a three-one motor (pH after neutralization was 7.5 or more). This was spray-dried (conditions: dispersion liquid supply rate 6 kg/hour, inlet temperature 180° C. or higher and 220° C. or lower, outlet temperature 50° C. or higher and 70° C. or lower) to obtain a cellulose powder J.
- Table 1 shows the manufacturing conditions of the cellulose powders A to J. Further, the physical properties and evaluations of the obtained cellulose powders A to J were carried out by the methods described above. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-7 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3 Using the types of cellulose shown in Table 2-3 below, the raw materials of the following prescriptions were mixed to prepare prescription powders, and tablets (9 mm ⁇ , 250 mg/tablet) were produced using a rotary tableting machine (pressing pressure 5 kN). ) was produced. Various evaluations were performed on the obtained tablets using the methods described above. The results are shown in Table 2-3.
- Example 2-8 and Comparative Example 2-4 Using the types of cellulose shown in Table 2-3 below, the raw materials of the following formulations were mixed to produce a prescription powder, and tablets (9 mm ⁇ , 250 mg/tablet) were produced with a rotary tableting machine. Various evaluations were performed on the obtained tablets using the methods described above. The results are shown in Table 2-3.
- Example 2-9 and Comparative Example 2-5 Raw materials of the following prescriptions were mixed using the types of celluloses shown in Table 2-3 below to prepare prescription powders, and tablets (9 mm ⁇ , 250 mg/tablet) were prepared with a rotary tableting machine. Various evaluations were performed on the obtained tablets using the methods described above. The results are shown in Table 2-3.
- the disintegration time is 6 minutes.
- the elution rate for 60 minutes was 90% or more, and the elution rate for 120 minutes was 95% or more, which were particularly excellent.
- the content of the solubilizing agent was increased to 20% by mass (Example 2-8 and Comparative example 2-4)
- the content of the alkali solubilizing material was 32% by mass with respect to the total mass of the cellulose.
- a tablet containing a certain amount of cellulose A (Example 2-8) has better hardness than a tablet containing a certain amount of alkali-soluble substance outside the above range (Comparative Example 2-4).
- the disintegration time was short while the generation of mounts was suppressed, and the elution rates of 60 minutes and 120 minutes also satisfied the required level, which was excellent.
- the content of the solubilizing agent was reduced to 5% by mass
- the content of the alkali solubilizing material was 41% by mass with respect to the total mass of the cellulose.
- a tablet containing a certain amount of Cellulose E (Example 2-9) has a better hardness than a tablet containing a certain amount of alkali-soluble substance outside the above range (Comparative Example 2-5).
- the disintegration time was short while the generation of mounts was suppressed, and the elution rates of 60 minutes and 120 minutes also satisfied the required level, which was excellent.
- Examples 2-10 to 2-16 and Comparative Examples 2-6 to 2-8 Using the types of cellulose shown in Table 2-4 below, the raw materials of the following prescriptions were mixed to prepare prescription powders, which were then tableted (9.5 mm ⁇ , 600 mg by a rotary tableting machine (pressing pressure 9 kN)). /Tablet) was prepared. Various evaluations were performed on the obtained tablets using the methods described above. The results are shown in Table 2-4.
- the disintegration time is It was as short as within 8 minutes and the elution rate at 90 minutes was particularly excellent at 80% or more.
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment it is possible to suppress the generation of mounts during the in vitro dissolution test of the active ingredient while maintaining good moldability and disintegration property.
- the cellulose powder of the present embodiment is suitable for orally disintegrating tablets (OD tablets). Further, the tablet of the present embodiment contains a poorly water-soluble medicinal component, and is excellent in moldability, disintegration property and elution property.
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Abstract
Description
マウントが発生する原因の一つに、活性成分と、非水溶性の医薬品添加物(賦形剤等)とが、物理的な凝集体を形成して底に沈みこんでしまうことがある。マウントの発生を防ぐには、医薬品添加物の配合量を減らすことや、比重の軽いものに変更することが有効な手段の一つとなり得る。しかしながら、医薬品に関しては、一度決めた処方(組成)を容易に変更できない場合も多い。
[1]17.5質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に溶解するアルカリ可溶物をセルロース粉末の総質量に対して32質量%以上44質量%以下含む、セルロース粉末。
[2]前記アルカリ可溶物をセルロース粉末の総質量に対して33質量%以上42質量%以下含む、[1]に記載のセルロース粉末。
[3]セルロース一次粒子相当粒径の平均粒子径が10μm以上50μm以下である、[1]に記載のセルロース粉末。
[4]吸水量が160%以上360%以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載のセルロース粉末。
[5]セルロース粒子の短径に対する長径の比(L/D)が1.8以上3.5以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末。
[6]平均粒子径が10μm以上200μm以下である、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末。
[7]活性成分の溶出試験に供する製剤に、[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末を使用する、マウントの発生を抑制する方法。
[8]少なくとも1種の活性成分と、[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載に記載のセルロースと、を含む錠剤。
[9]前記活性成分が水難溶性の薬効成分である、[8]に記載の錠剤
[10]前記薬効成分が、FDAに採用された生物薬剤学的分類システムの規定においてClass 2又はClass 4に分類されるものである、[9]に記載の錠剤。
[11]錠剤の総質量に対して0.1質量%以上30質量%以下の可溶化剤を更に含む、[8]~[10]のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
[12]錠剤の硬度が50N以上である、[8]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
[13]前記セルロースの含有量が、錠剤の総質量に対して、1質量%以上99質量%以下である、[8]~[12]のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
[14]前記薬効成分の含有量が、錠剤の総質量に対して、0.01質量%以上50質量%以下である、[8]~[13]のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
セルロース粉末とは、一般に結晶セルロース、粉末セルロース等と称されるものであり、医薬品添加剤又は食品添加物として好適に用いられるものである。セルロース粉末として好ましくは、結晶セルロースである。結晶セルロースとしては、たとえば、食品添加物公定書第8版に記載された微結晶セルロースや、日本薬局方(第17改定)に記載に記載された結晶セルロース、米国薬局方、欧州薬局方などに記載された結晶セルロースが知られている。
平均粒子径が上記範囲内であることにより、生体外での活性成分の溶出試験時におけるマウントの発生を効果的に抑制しつつ、圧縮成形性と崩壊性も同時向上させることができる。特に、平均粒子径が20μm以上であると、粉体の流動性がより良好になる。
また、本実施形態のセルロース粉末を含む錠剤は、生体内での錠剤の崩壊を早めることができ、活性成分の放出が良好である。そのため、本実施形態のセルロース粉末は、口腔内崩壊錠(OD錠)に好適である。
すなわち、セルロース粉末中のアルカリ可溶物の含有量は、セルロース粉末の総質量に対して、32質量%以上44質量%以下であり、33質量%以上42質量%以下が好ましく、34質量%以上41質量%以下がより好ましい。
本実施形態のセルロース粉末中のアルカリ可溶物の含有量が上記範囲内であることにより、マウントの発生を効果的に抑制することが出来る。
また、口腔内崩壊錠に用いる場合は、口腔内での崩壊性に優れることから、アルカリ可溶分の含有量は、セルロース粉末の総質量に対して、32質量%以上が好ましい。
具体的には、まず、プラスチック製の50mL遠心分離用チューブに、各セルロース粉末1gを量り取りとる(ここで実際に量り取ったセルロース粉末の重さをM1[g]とする)。17.5質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液25mLを室温(20℃)で加え、水溶液を薬さじでかき混ぜ、セルロース粉末全体を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に浸し静置する。水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加えてから、30分経過後、蒸留水10mLを加え、薬さじでかき混ぜ、5分静置する。次いで、水溶液を遠心分離(遠心力:15000G、時間:20分、温度:20℃)して、固形分を沈殿させ、上澄み20mLをスポイトで吸い取り、廃棄する。残った沈殿物と溶液に対し、蒸留水25mLを加え、薬さじで撹拌する。次いで、水溶液を遠心分離(15000G×20分)して、固形分を沈殿させ、上澄み25mLを廃棄する。上記の洗浄操作をさらに2回行った後に、10質量%酢酸水溶液25mLを加えて、薬さじで撹拌し、液性を酸性に調整する。次いで、調整した溶液を、予め乾燥時の質量(T1[g])を測定しておいた1G3のガラスフィルターで吸引ろ過を行う。ガラスフィルター上に残った固形物を10質量%酢酸水溶液40mLで洗浄し、次いで、熱湯(98℃)500mLで洗浄する。洗浄後の粉末(固形物)をガラスフィルターごと105℃のオーブンに入れ、6時間以上乾燥させる。オーブンから粉末とガラスフィルターを取り出し、乾燥剤としてシリカゲルを入れたデシケータに入れて常温まで冷却し、質量(W1[g])を測定する。また、上記の試験において、17.5質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の代わりに、蒸留水を用いて空試験を行う。空試験において、実際に量り取ったセルロースの重さをMB[g]、ガラスフィルターの質量をTB[g]、粉末の質量をWB[g]とする。
得られたM1、T1、W1、MB、TB及びWBを用いて、下記に示す式により、アルカリ可溶物の含有量(%)を算出することができる。
また、例えば、セルロース粉末を物理的に解砕して小粒子化することにより、セルロース粉末中のアルカリ可溶物の含有量が増加する傾向にある。また、例えば、異なる条件で製造された2種以上のセルロース水分散液を混合し、乾燥させる方法等により、セルロース粉末中のアルカリ可溶物の含有量を調整することができる。
ゆるみ嵩密度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
かため嵩密度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
圧縮率は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて算出することができる。
白色度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
得られたWi及びWfを用いて、下記に示す式により、吸水量(%)を算出することができる。
なお、一次粒子は単位粒子であり、一次粒子が凝集したものを二次粒子(aggregate,agglomerate)という。二次粒子は水中で分散させると、凝集が解け、一次粒子に戻すことができる。一次粒子相当の平均粒子径は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
アスペクト比(L/D)は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
一方、安息角の上限としては、特に限定されないが、理論上は90°未満である。安息角は粉体の分野で一般的に用いられる流動性の指標であり、安息角が低いほど流動性に優れるものであり、薬効成分や他の成分と均一に混合しやすくなる。マウントの形成と流動性のバランスの観点から、安息角の上限値は80°が好ましく、70°がより好ましく、60°がさらに好ましい。
以下に本実施形態のセルロース粉末の製造方法について記述する。
本実施形態のセルロース粉末は、例えば、加水分解処理された天然セルロース系物質を適当な媒体に分散してセルロース水分散液を得る工程、該水分散液を乾燥する工程を含むことにより得られる。該セルロース水分散液の固形分濃度は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、1質量%以上30質量%以下とすることができる。この場合、加水分解処理により得られる加水分解反応溶液から、加水分解処理されたセルロース系物質を含む固形分を単離し、これを適当な媒体に分散させて調製した分散液を乾燥してもよい。また、同加水分解溶液を直接乾燥することもできる。
加水分解の進行度は、攪拌機のモーター動力(P:単位W)と撹拌容量(L:単位L)を調整することで制御できる。例えば、下記式で表されるP/Vを調整することで、最終的に得られるセルロース粒子の平均粒子径を200μm以下に制御し、且つ、アルカリ可溶物の含有量を特定の範囲内にすることが可能である。
前記の噴霧乾燥の際には、分散液の表面張力を下げる目的で、微量の水溶性高分子、界面活性剤を添加してもよく、媒体の気化速度を促進させる目的で分散液に発泡剤又はガスを添加してもよい。
本実施形態のセルロース粉末は、活性成分を含む組成物に配合することで、成形性及び崩壊性を良好に保ちながら、生体外での活性成分の溶出試験時におけるマウントの発生が抑制された錠剤が得られる。本実施形態のセルロース粉末は、口腔内崩壊錠(OD錠)に好適である。
本実施形態の錠剤は、水難溶性の薬効成分と、本実施形態のセルロース粉末と、を含む。
本実施形態の錠剤の構成成分について、以下に詳細を説明する。
[セルロース粉末の含有量]
また、本実施形態の錠剤が後述する水難溶性の薬効成分を含む場合、セルロースの含有量は、錠剤の総質量に対して1質量%以上99質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以上90質量%以下がより好ましく、15質量%以上80質量%以下がさらに好ましく、15質量%以上50質量%以下が特に好ましい。
セルロースの含有量が上記範囲内であることにより、錠剤の成形性、崩壊性及び溶出性をより良好なものとすることができる。
本明細書において、「難溶性」とは、第17改正日本薬局方において、溶質1gを溶かすのに必要な水量が30mL以上必要であることを指す。
本実施形態の錠剤に含まれる水難溶性の薬効成分としては、特別な限定はないが、FDAに採用された生物薬剤学的分類システム(Biopharmaceutical Classification System)の規定において、Class 2(溶解度低く、膜透過性良好)又はClass 4(溶解度低く、膜透過性悪い)に分類されるものであることが好ましい。
本実施形態の錠剤は、上記セルロース及び上記水難溶性の薬効成分に加えて、水難溶性の薬効成分の溶解を補助する成分として、可溶化剤を含有することができる。
ポリアルキレングリコールとしては、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)等が挙げられる。医薬品に使用されるPEGの市販品としては、マクロゴール4000、マクロゴール6000等が挙げられる。
ブロックコポリマー型ポリアルキレングリコールとしては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレン(160)ポリオキシプロピレン(30)グリコール等が挙げられる。
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸塩としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンセチルエーテルリン酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステルとしては、例えば、モノオレイン酸ポリエチレングリコール、ジオレイン酸ポリエチレングリコール等が挙げられる。
ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルとしては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレン(20)ソルビタンモノオレエート(ポリソルベート80)等が挙げられる。
ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、例えば、モノステアリン酸ポリオキシエチレングリセリン等が挙げられる。
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルとしては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル等が挙げられる。
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリルエーテルとしては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル等が挙げられる。
本実施形態の錠剤では、上記セルロースを含有することで、可溶化剤の含有量が上記範囲でありながら、成形性、崩壊性及び溶出性に優れた錠剤とすることができる。
本明細書において、活性成分とは、混合粉体、成形物、加工物等に対して、医薬品、健康食品、食品、工業分野等で目的とする機能や効果を発揮させるために添加するものをいう。例えば、医薬品分野における活性成分は、医薬品薬効成分である。
医薬品薬効成分としては、経口投与される医薬品の有効成分が好ましい。経口投与される医薬品としては、例えば、解熱鎮痛消炎薬、催眠鎮静薬、眠気防止薬、鎮暈薬、小児鎮痛薬、健胃薬、制酸薬、消化薬、強心薬、不整脈用薬、降圧薬、血管拡張薬、利尿薬、抗潰瘍薬、整腸薬、骨粗鬆症治療薬、鎮咳去痰薬、抗喘息薬、抗菌剤、頻尿改善剤、滋養強壮剤、ビタミン剤等が挙げられる。薬効成分は、それを単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
水難溶性で固体状の活性成分としては、例えば、アセトアミノフェン、イブプロフェン、安息香酸、エテンザミド、カフェイン、カンフル、キニーネ、グルコン酸カルシウム、ジメチルカプロール、スルフアミン、テオフィリン、テオプロミン、リボフラビン、メフェネシン、フェノバービタル、アミノフィリン、チオアセタゾン、クエルセチン、ルチン、サリチル酸、テオフィリンナトリウム塩、ピラピタール、塩酸キニーネ、イルガピリン、ジキトキシン、グリセオフルビン、フェナセチン等の解熱鎮痛薬、神経系医薬、鎮静催眠薬、筋弛緩剤、血圧硬化剤、抗ヒスタミン剤等;アセチルスピラマイシン、アンピシリン、エリスロマイシン、キサタマイシン、クロラムフェニコール、トリアセチルオレアンドマイシン、ナイスタチン、硫酸コリスチン等の抗生物質;メチルテストステロン、メチルアンドロステトロンジオール、プロゲステロン、エストラジオールベンゾエイト、エチニレストラジオール、デオキシコルチコステロン・アセテート、コーチゾンアセテート、ハイドロコーチゾン、ハイドロコーチゾンアセテート、ブレドニゾロン等のステロイドホルモン剤;ジエンストロール、ヘキサストロール、ジエチルスチルベステロール、ジエチルスチルベステロールジブロヒオネイト、クロロトリアニセン等の非ステロイド系卵黄ホルモン剤;その他脂溶性ビタミン類等の、「日本薬局方」、「局外基」、「USP」、「NF」、「EP」に記載の医薬品薬効成分等を挙げることができる。前記から選ばれる1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。水難溶性であれば、昇華性、表面極性の程度にかかわらず、本実施形態の錠剤に活性成分として配合することで、本発明の効果が得られるものである。
本実施形態の錠剤は、前記のセルロース粉末及び水難溶性の薬効成分に加えて、さらに他の添加剤を含有してもよい。 その他の添加剤としては、賦形剤、崩壊剤、結合剤流動化剤、滑沢剤、矯味剤等が挙げられる。
滑沢剤としては、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、タルク等の「医薬品添加物事典」(薬事日報社発行)に滑沢剤として分類されるものを挙げることができる。前記から選ばれる1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
矯味剤としては、グルタミン酸、フマル酸、コハク酸、クエン酸、クエン酸ナトリウム、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、アスコルビン酸、塩化ナトリウム、1-メントール等の「医薬品添加物事典」(薬事日報社(株)発行)に矯味剤として分類されるものを挙げることができる。前記から選ばれる1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
着色剤としては、食用赤色3号、食用黄色5号、食用青色1号等の食用色素、銅クロロフィンナトリウム、酸化チタン、リボフラビン等の「医薬品添加物事典」(薬事日報社発行)に着色剤として分類されるものを挙げることができる。前記から選ばれる1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
甘味剤としては、アスパルテーム、サッカリン、ギリチルリチン酸二カリウム、ステビア、マルトース、マルチトール、水飴、アマチャ末等の「医薬品添加物事典」(薬事日報社発行)に甘味剤として分類されるものを挙げることができる。前記から選ばれる1種を単独で使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本実施形態の錠剤は、例えば、以下に示す方法を用いて製造することができる。以下に示す錠剤の製造方法は一例であって、本実施形態の効果は、以下の方法に制限されるものではない。
[摩損度]
本実施形態の錠剤の摩損度は、0.5%以下であることが好ましく、0.4%以下であることがより好ましく、0.3%以下であることがさらに好ましく、0.2%以下であることが特に好ましく、0.1%以下であることが最も好ましい。
本実施形態の錠剤は、上記セルロースを含有することで、摩損度を上記上限値以下とすることができる。
本実施形態の錠剤の硬度は50N以上であることが好ましく、51N以上であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態の錠剤は、上記セルロースを含有することで、硬度を上記上限値以下とすることができる。錠剤の硬度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法を用いて測定することができる。
[物性1]アルカリ可溶物の含有量
プラスチック製の50mL遠心分離用チューブ(NalgeneTMHigh-Speed Round-BottomPPCO Centrifuge Tubes、品番:3110-0500)に、各セルロース粉末1gを量り取りとった(ここで実際に量り取ったセルロース粉末の重さをM1[g]とした)。17.5質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液25mLを室温(20℃)で加え、水溶液を薬さじでかき混ぜ、セルロース粉末全体を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に浸し静置した。水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加えてから、30分経過後、蒸留水10mLを加え、薬さじでかき混ぜ、5分静置した。次いで、水溶液を遠心分離(インバータ・コンパクト高速冷却遠心機、久保田製作所、型式:6930、アングルロータRA-400、遠心力:15000G、時間:20分、温度:20℃、Accel:Rapid、Decel:Rapid)して、固形分を沈殿させ、上澄み20mLをスポイトで吸い取り、廃棄した。残った沈殿物と溶液とに対し、蒸留水25mLを加え、薬さじで撹拌した。次いで、水溶液を遠心分離(15000G×20分)して、固形分を沈殿させ、上澄み25mLを廃棄した。上記の洗浄操作をさらに2回行った後に、10質量%酢酸水溶液25mLを加えて、薬さじで撹拌し、液性を酸性に調整した。次いで、調整した溶液を、予め乾燥時の質量(T1[g])を測定しておいた1G3のガラスフィルターで吸引ろ過を行った。ガラスフィルター上に残った固形物を10質量%酢酸水溶液40mLで洗浄し、次いで、熱湯(98℃)500mLで洗浄した。洗浄後の粉末(固形物)をガラスフィルターごと105℃のオーブンに入れ、6時間以上乾燥させた。オーブンから粉末とガラスフィルターを取り出し、乾燥剤としてシリカゲルを入れたデシケータに入れて常温まで冷却し、質量(W1[g])を測定した。
また、上記の試験において、17.5質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の代わりに、蒸留水を用いて空試験を行った。空試験において、実際に量り取ったセルロースの重さをMB[g]、ガラスフィルターの質量をTB[g]、粉末の質量をWB[g]とした。得られたM1、T1、W1、MB、TB及びWBを用いて、下記に示す式により、アルカリ可溶物の含有量(%)を算出した。なお、各セルロース粉末に対して、2回以上アルカリ可溶物の測定を行い、平均値を用いた。
レーザー回折式粒度分布計(LA-950 V2(商品名)、堀場製作所製)を使用し、乾式測定モードにて圧縮空気圧0.10MPa、フィーダー速度160、フィーダー初速度係数1.2、屈折率1.51で測定した。測定により得られた累積体積50%粒子を、セルロース粉末の平均粒子径(μm)とした。
測定には、水分含有量を3.5質量%以上4.5質量%以下に調整したセルロース粉末を用いた。セルロース粉末の水分含有量の範囲が下側に外れた場合は、恒温恒湿機等でセルロース粉末に水分を吸湿させて調整した。また、上側に外れた場合は、熱風オーブンにて60℃の熱風をセルロース粉末に均等に与えて水分を範囲内に調整した。
セルロース粉末のゆるみ嵩密度の測定にはスコットボリュメーター(型式ASTM B-329-85、筒井理化学器械製)を使用し、篩(目開き1mm)を通じてセルロース粉末を25ccの円筒金属容器に充填した。25ccの円筒金属容器に入ったセルロース粉末を摺り切り、容器に入ったセルロース粉末の質量(g)を25ccで除して、ゆるみ嵩密度を求めた。測定は5回実施し、平均値を求めた。
測定には、水分含有量を3.5質量%以上4.5質量%以下に調整したセルロース粉末を用いた。セルロース粉末の水分含有量は、「物性3」に記載の方法を用いて当該範囲に収まるように調整した。粉体物性測定機(PT-R、ホソカワミクロン製)にて、かため嵩密度(かため見掛け比重)(g/cc)を計算した。使用した篩の目開きは710μm、ロートは金属製(静電防止スプレー塗布)の内径0.8cmのものを使用した。VIBRATIONは2.0(供給電源:AC100V、60Hz)で実施した。
下記に示す式により、各セルロース粉末の圧縮率を算出した。
分光式色彩計(SE-2000、日本電色工業製)を用いて、明るさ(L)、彩度(緑~赤)(a)、彩度(青~黄)(b)の値を求め、下記に示す式により、白色度を算出した。
プラスチック製の50mL遠心分離用チューブ(NalgeneTMHigh-Speed Round-BottomPPCO Centrifuge Tubes、品番:3110-0500)に、セルロース粉末2gを量り取り(実際に量り取った質量を「Wi」[g]とした)、純水30mLを加え、薬さじでかき混ぜながら分散させ、セルロース粉末全体が純水に浸るようにした。30分静置後、遠心分離(インバータ・コンパクト高速冷却遠心機、久保田製作所、型式:6930、アングルロータRA-400、遠心力:7500G、時間:10分、温度:20℃、Accel:Rapid、Decel:Rapid)して、固形分を沈殿させた。沈殿したセルロース層を崩さないように遠心分離用チューブの口を下に傾け、上澄み液を除き、ペーパータオルを敷いた台上で遠心分離用チューブの口を水平から下に30°傾けた状態で5分間静置することにより、過剰な水を切り、吸水したセルロース粉末の質量(Wf[g])を測定した。
得られたWi及びWfを用いて、下記に示す式により、吸水量(%)を算出した。なお、各セルロース粉末に対して、2回以上吸水量の測定を行い、平均値を用いた。
セルロース粉末0.5gを純水10mLに入れ、10分間超音波照射(600W、40kHz)を行った後に、レーザー回折式粒度分布計(LA-950 V2(商品名)、堀場製作所製)を使用し、湿式測定モードにて屈折率1.20(セルロース屈折率1.59、水屈折率1.33)、前処理条件(超音波照射1分、超音波強度1)、循環速度7、撹拌速度5で測定した。測定により得られた累積体積50%粒子を、セルロース一次粒子相当粒径の平均粒子径(μm)とした。
セルロース粉末をガラス板上に分散させ、マイクロスコープ(VHX-1000、キーエンス製)を用いて倍率500倍で撮影した。撮影した画像を、画像処理解析システムソフトウェア(Image HyperII、DigiMo製)を用いて以下の手順で解析して、粒子のアスペクト比(短径に対する長径の比;L/D)を測定した。少なくとも50個の粒子について測定を行い、平均値を求めた。
マイクロスコープで撮影した画像をモノクロで解析ソフトに取り込み、画像のスケールの設定を2点間距離法で行った。次に、2値化処理にて「大津法」を選択し、閾値の設定を行った。最適な閾値は画像ごとに異なるため、元画像と見比べつつ、なるべく元の粒子の形状と一致するよう、閾値を選択した。
撮影した元画像と見比べつつ、粒子同士が重なっているもの、画面からはみ出ている粒子、不鮮明で輪郭がぼやけている粒子等、適切な測定結果が得られない粒子は削除し、測定対象から除外した。
「穴埋め」のモードで、「近傍」は「8」を選択し、「穴埋め」を実行した。次に、再度、「2値画像手補正」にて元画像と比較を行い、正常に補正できているか確認した。正常に補正できていない場合は、再度手補正を行った。
削除画素数を「100」に設定し、「近傍」は「8」を選定した後、「画像計測」を実行した。測定粒子1個毎に「長径」及び「短径」の計測結果が、パソコン上にて表示される。「長径」を「短径」で除した数値をアスペクト比とした。
測定には、水分含有量を3.5質量%以上4.5質量%以下に調整したセルロース粉末を用いた。セルロース粉末の水分含有量は、「物性3」に記載の方法を用いて当該範囲に収まるように調整した。
セルロース粉末の安息角の測定には、杉原式安息角測定器(スリットサイズ:奥行10×幅50×高さ140mm、幅50mmの位置に分度器を設置)を使用した。セルロース粉末を定量フィーダーにて50cc/分の速度でスリットに投下し、装置底部にセルロース粉末を堆積させた。堆積したセルロース粉末が徐々に斜面を形成し、この斜面が安定した角度を形成するまでセルロース粉末の投入を継続した。投入したセルロース粉末が安定した斜面を形成したとき、この斜面と装置底部の成す角度を読み取った。この角度がセルロース粉末の安息角である。測定は5回実施し、平均値を求めた。
セルロース粉末のみを圧縮機で圧縮成形した錠剤(以下、「MCC単味錠」と略記する場合がある)及び口腔内崩壊錠(以下、「OD錠」と略記する場合がある)を作製し、各種評価を行った。
錠剤化には、水分含有量を約4質量%に調整したセルロース粉末を用いた。セルロース粉末の水分含有量は、「物性3」に記載の方法を用いて当該範囲に収まるように調整した。錠剤化は、直径1.13cm(底面積が1cm2)の平面杵(菊水製作所製、材質SUK2,3を使用)と臼(菊水製作所製、材質SUK2,3を使用)を設けた打錠機(1325VCW、アイコーエンジニアリング製)を用いて行った。具体的には、粉末500mgを臼に入れ、打錠機にて、1kN、3kNで圧縮し、その応力で10秒間保持することで、錠剤を作製した。作製した錠剤は、硬度測定までの間、吸湿しないようにジッパー付きポリ袋に入れて密封し、室温で保管した。
以下に示す処方粉末をポリ袋にいて1分間振り混ぜて混合し、710μmの篩で篩過し、さらに滑沢剤(フマル酸ステアリルナトリウム)を錠剤の総質量に対して1質量%となるように添加して、30秒混合した。次いで、混合粉末をロータリー打錠機(菊水製作所製、クリーンプレス コレクト12HUK、12本杵、ターンテーブル54rpm)で打錠し、Φ8mm-12R 200mg錠を得た。打錠圧力は、錠剤硬度が60N以上70N以下になるように適宜設定した。
・直打用マンニトール(Mannogem EZ、旭化成製):70質量%
・部分α化澱粉(PCS、PC-10、旭化成製):10質量%
・クロスカルメロースナトリウム(キッコレート ND-200、旭化成製):5質量%
・セルロース粉末:15質量%
なお、上記の含有量は錠剤の総質量に対する量である。
各錠剤に対して、打錠直後から20時間以上48時間以下経過した後に、その硬度を硬度計(DR.SCHLEUNIGER Tablet Tester 8M)で測定した。各打圧5錠の平均値を錠剤の硬度とした。
各錠剤の崩壊性を、第17改正日本薬局方、一般試験法「崩壊試験法」(試験液:水、ディスク有りの条件)に従って調べた。崩壊試験器(NT-40HS型(商品名)、富山産業製)を用い、37℃、純水中における崩壊時間を求めた。試料6錠の平均値を錠剤の崩壊時間とした。
健康な成人男子3人をパネラーとして、口腔内の各OD錠の服用感を官能的に評価した。粉っぽさを感じる場合は、「もさつきあり」、粉っぽさを感じない場合は、「もさつきなし」、錠剤の崩壊時に口腔内に芯が残る場合は、「芯残りあり」、錠剤の崩壊時に口腔内に芯が残る場合は、「芯残りなし」として判定した。各人2回測定し、例えば、もさつきについて、パネラーが1回目に何も感じず、2回目にもさつきを感じた場合は、そのパネラーの評価は「もさつきあり」とし、同様に、1回でも芯残りを感じた場合は、「芯残りあり」として判定した。
以下に示す処方の錠剤を作製し、溶出試験によるマウント性の評価を行った。処方:直打用マンニトール(Mannogem EZ)/セルロース粉末=85質量%/15質量%打錠:打錠機(1325VCW、アイコーエンジニアリング製)、Φ8mm-12R、200mg錠
打圧は錠剤硬度が45N以上55N以下になるように調整した。
日本薬局方 溶出試験法 パドル法に従い、イトラコナゾール錠の溶出試験を行った。
パドル回転数は50rpm、試験液は日本薬局方溶出試験1液(pH1.2)を用いて、溶出時間60分(要求レベル:溶出率50%以上)、120分(要求レベル:溶出率75%以上)の溶出率を測定した。薬物の溶出率は下記測定条件にて、HPLCにより測定した。
検出器:紫外吸光光度計(測定波長:225nm)
カラム:内径4.6mm、長さ10cmの液体クロマトグラフィー用オクタデシルシリル化シリカゲルカラム
カラム温度:30℃
移動相A:テトラブチルアンモニウム硫酸水素塩溶液(濃度:0.08モル%、テトラブチルアンモニウム硫酸水素塩17gを水に溶かして、625gの水溶液を調製)
移動相B:アセトニトリル
移動相の送液:移動相A及び移動相Bの混合比を次のように変えて濃度勾配制御した。注入直後0-20分(A/B:80/20→50/50)、20-25分(A/B:50/50)、流量:毎分1.5mL
日本薬局方 溶出試験法 パドル法に従い、アセタゾラアミド錠の溶出試験を行った。
パドル回転数は50rpm、試験液は日本薬局方溶出試験1液(pH1.2)を用いて、溶出時間90分(要求レベル:溶出率75%以上)の溶出率を測定した。薬物の溶出率は試験液の吸光度測定(265nm、日本薬局方溶出試験1液)により測定した。
[実施例1-1]セルロース粉末Aの製造
(1)湿フロックXの製造
市販のSPパルプを細断したものを2kgと、塩酸水溶液30Lを低速型攪拌機(池袋琺瑯工業(株)製、30LGL反応器(商品名))に入れ、攪拌しながら、加水分解し(反応条件:塩酸濃度0.05%、反応温度80℃、反応時間6時間、撹拌速度5rpm)、酸不溶解性残渣を得た。得られた酸不溶解性残渣は、濾液の電気伝導度が100μS/cm未満になるまで純水で十分に洗浄した後、ろ過し、湿フロックXを得た。
別途、市販のSPパルプを細断したものを2kgと、塩酸水溶液30Lを低速型攪拌機(池袋琺瑯工業(株)製、30LGL反応器(商品名))に入れ攪拌しながら、加水分解し(反応条件:塩酸濃度1.0%、反応温度130℃、反応時間2時間、撹拌速度220rpm)、酸不溶解性残渣を得た。得られた酸不溶解性残渣は、濾液の電気伝導度が100μS/cm未満になるまで純水で十分に洗浄した後、ろ過し、湿フロックYを得た。
湿フロックXと湿フロックYとを60:40(固形分質量比)で混合して、90Lポリバケツに導入し、全固形分濃度が25質量%になるように純水を加え、スリーワンモータで攪拌しながら、アンモニア水で中和し(中和後pH7.5以上8.0以下)、これを噴霧乾燥して(条件:分散液供給速度6kg/時間、入口温度180℃以上220℃以下、出口温度50℃以上70℃以下)、セルロース粉末Aを得た。
実施例1-1で得られたセルロース粉末Aをジェットミル(粉砕圧0.4MPa)で粉砕し、セルロース粉末Bを得た。
湿フロックXと湿フロックYとを50:50(固形分質量比)で混合した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法を用いて、セルロース粉末Cを得た。
実施例1-3で得られたセルロース粉末Cをジェットミル(粉砕圧0.4MPa)で粉砕し、セルロース粉末Dを得た。
湿フロックXと湿フロックYとを40:60(固形分質量比)で混合した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法を用いて、セルロース粉末Eを得た。
実施例1-5で得られたセルロース粉末Eをジェットミル(粉砕圧0.4MPa)で粉砕し、セルロース粉末Fを得た。
市販のSPパルプを細断したものを2kgと、塩酸水溶液30Lを低速型攪拌機(池袋琺瑯工業(株)製、30LGL反応器(商品名))に入れ攪拌しながら、加水分解し(反応条件:塩酸濃度0.5%、反応温度130℃、反応時間2時間、撹拌速度350rpm)、酸不溶解性残渣を得た。得られた酸不溶解性残渣は、濾液の電気伝導度が100μS/cm未満になるまで純水で十分に洗浄した後、ろ過し、湿フロックを得た。得られた湿フロックを90Lポリバケツに導入し、全固形分濃度が25質量%になるように純水を加え、スリーワンモータで攪拌しながら、アンモニア水で中和し(中和後pH7.5以上8.0以下)、これを噴霧乾燥して(条件:分散液供給速度6kg/時間、入口温度180℃以上220℃以下、出口温度50℃以上70℃以下)、セルロース粉末Gを得た。
湿フロックXと湿フロックYとを100:0(固形分質量比)で混合した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法を用いて、セルロース粉末Hを得た。
湿フロックXと湿フロックYとを0:100(固形分質量比)で混合した以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法を用いて、セルロース粉末Iを得た。
市販のSPパルプを細断したものを2kgと、塩酸水溶液30Lを低速型攪拌機(池袋琺瑯工業(株)製、30LGL反応器(商品名))に入れ攪拌しながら、加水分解し(反応条件:塩酸濃度0.2%、反応温度110℃、反応時間2時間、撹拌速度80rpm)、酸不溶解性残渣を得た。得られた酸不溶解性残渣は、濾液の電気伝導度が100μS/cm未満になるまで純水で十分に洗浄した後、ろ過し、湿フロックを得た。得られた湿フロックを90Lポリバケツに導入し、全固形分濃度が25質量%になるように純水を加え、スリーワンモータで攪拌しながら、アンモニア水で中和し(中和後pH7.5以上8.0以下)、これを噴霧乾燥して(条件:分散液供給速度6kg/時間、入口温度180℃以上220℃以下、出口温度50℃以上70℃以下)、セルロース粉末Jを得た。
また、セルロース粉末A~Fにおいて、平均粒径が小さいものほど、錠剤としたときの崩壊時間が短くなる傾向が見られた。
それぞれ下記表2-3に示す種類のセルロースを使用して、以下の処方の原料を混合して、処方粉体を作製し、ロータリー打錠機(打圧5kN)で錠剤(9mmφ,250mg/錠)を作製した。得られた錠剤について、上記記載の方法を用いて、各種評価を行った。結果を表2-3に示す。
イトラコナゾール 20質量%
セルロース 25質量%
マンニトール 42質量%
マクロゴール6000 10質量%
クロスカルメロースナトリウム 2質量%
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1質量%
それぞれ下記表2-3に示す種類のセルロースを使用して、以下の処方の原料を混合して、処方粉体を作製し、ロータリー打錠機で錠剤(9mmφ,250mg/錠)を作製した。得られた錠剤について、上記記載の方法を用いて、各種評価を行った。結果を表2-3に示す。
イトラコナゾール 20質量%
セルロース 25質量%
マンニトール 32質量%
マクロゴール6000 20質量%
クロスカルメロースナトリウム 2質量%
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1質量%
それぞれ下記表2-3に示す種類のセルロースを使用して、以下の処方の原料を混合して、処方粉体を作製し、ロータリー打錠機で錠剤(9mmφ,250mg/錠)を作製した。得られた錠剤について、上記記載の方法を用いて、各種評価を行った。結果を表2-3に示す。
イトラコナゾール 20質量%
セルロース 25質量%
マンニトール 47質量%
マクロゴール6000 5質量%
クロスカルメロースナトリウム 2質量%
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1質量%
また、アルカリ可溶物の含有量がセルロースの総質量に対して35質量%以上41質量%以下であるセルロースを配合した錠剤(実施例2-3~2-5)では、崩壊時間が6分以内と短く、60分の溶出率が90%以上であり、120分の溶出率が95%以上であり、特に優れていた。
また、可溶化剤の含有量を20質量%まで増加した錠剤(実施例2-8及び比較例2-4)において、アルカリ可溶物の含有量がセルロースの総質量に対して32質量%であるセルロースAを配合した錠剤(実施例2-8)では、アルカリ可溶物の含有量が上記範囲外であるセルロースIを配合した錠剤(比較例2-4)と比較して、硬度を良好に保ち、マウントの発生を抑制しながら、崩壊時間が短く、60分及び120分の溶出率も要求レベルを満たしており、優れていた。
また、可溶化剤の含有量を5質量%まで低減した錠剤(実施例2-9及び比較例2-5)において、アルカリ可溶物の含有量がセルロースの総質量に対して41質量%であるセルロースEを配合した錠剤(実施例2-9)では、アルカリ可溶物の含有量が上記範囲外であるセルロースIを配合した錠剤(比較例2-5)と比較して、硬度を良好に保ち、マウントの発生を抑制しながら、崩壊時間が短く、60分及び120分の溶出率も要求レベルを満たしており、優れていた。
それぞれ下記表2-4に示す種類のセルロースを使用して、以下の処方の原料を混合して、処方粉体を作製し、ロータリー打錠機(打圧9kN)で錠剤(9.5mmφ,600mg/錠)を作製した。得られた錠剤について、上記記載の方法を用いて、各種評価を行った。結果を表2-4に示す。
アセタゾラアミド 42質量%
セルロース 25質量%
マンニトール 30質量%
クロスポビドン 2質量%
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1質量%
また、アルカリ可溶物の含有量がセルロースの総質量に対して35質量%以上41質量%以下であるセルロースを配合した錠剤(実施例2-12~2-14及び16)では、崩壊時間が8分以内と短く、90分の溶出率が80%以上と特に優れていた。
Claims (14)
- 17.5質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に溶解するアルカリ可溶物をセルロース粉末の総質量に対して32質量%以上44質量%以下含む、セルロース粉末。
- 前記アルカリ可溶物をセルロース粉末の総質量に対して33質量%以上42質量%以下含む、請求項1に記載のセルロース粉末。
- セルロース一次粒子相当粒径の平均粒子径が10μm以上50μm以下である、請求項1に記載のセルロース粉末。
- 吸水量が160%以上360%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のセルロース粉末。
- セルロース粒子の短径に対する長径の比(L/D)が1.8以上3.5以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末。
- 平均粒子径が10μm以上200μm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末。
- 活性成分の溶出試験に供する製剤に、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のセルロース粉末を使用する、マウントの発生を抑制する方法。
- 少なくとも1種の活性成分と、
請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載に記載のセルロースと、を含む錠剤。 - 前記活性成分が水難溶性の薬効成分である、請求項8に記載の錠剤。
- 前記薬効成分が、FDAに採用された生物薬剤学的分類システムの規定においてClass 2又はClass 4に分類されるものである、請求項9に記載の錠剤。
- 錠剤の総質量に対して0.1質量%以上30質量%以下の可溶化剤を更に含む、請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
- 錠剤の硬度が50N以上である、請求項8~11のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
- 前記セルロースの含有量が、錠剤の総質量に対して、1質量%以上99質量%以下である、請求項8~12のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
- 前記薬効成分の含有量が、錠剤の総質量に対して、0.01質量%以上50質量%以下である、請求項8~13のいずれか一項に記載の錠剤。
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EP19903077.6A EP3904429A4 (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | CELLULOSE POWDER, ITS USE AND TABLET |
CN202311430404.XA CN117467166A (zh) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | 一种抑制堆积产生的方法 |
CN201980044884.1A CN112585192B (zh) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | 纤维素粉末、其用途及片剂 |
BR112021011263-4A BR112021011263A2 (pt) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | Pó de celulose, uso do mesmo, e comprimidos |
CA3124534A CA3124534C (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | Cellulose powder, use thereof, and tablets |
JP2020507137A JP6751491B1 (ja) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | セルロース粉末、その使用および錠剤 |
US17/415,403 US20220062182A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-08-27 | Cellulose powder, use thereof, and tablets |
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