WO2020135282A1 - 一种电子设备 - Google Patents
一种电子设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020135282A1 WO2020135282A1 PCT/CN2019/127239 CN2019127239W WO2020135282A1 WO 2020135282 A1 WO2020135282 A1 WO 2020135282A1 CN 2019127239 W CN2019127239 W CN 2019127239W WO 2020135282 A1 WO2020135282 A1 WO 2020135282A1
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- load element
- electronic device
- vibrator
- housing
- magnetic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic vibration, and more particularly, to an electronic device.
- An electromagnetic exciter is a device that uses electromagnetic transduction to output force.
- the driving direction of the electromagnetic actuator is single, that is, it can only output the force in one direction.
- a double-sided receiver is provided.
- the receiver includes: a driving mechanism, a first diaphragm, a first housing, a second diaphragm, and a second housing.
- the first diaphragm is located at one end of the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the first diaphragm to vibrate and sound; the central hole of the first housing can pass through the driving mechanism, and the first diaphragm The open end is hermetically connected to the first housing; the second diaphragm is located at the other end of the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is also used to drive the second diaphragm to vibrate and sound; the central hole of the second housing is available for all The driving mechanism passes through, and the open end of the second diaphragm is sealingly connected to the second housing.
- the driving mechanism can drive the first diaphragm to vibrate and sound.
- the sound generated by the vibration of the first diaphragm can be exported to the outside of the mobile terminal through the sound guide hole on the first sound output cover In this way, the mobile terminal can achieve positive voice.
- the driving mechanism can also drive the second diaphragm to vibrate and sound.
- the sound generated by the vibration of the second diaphragm can be exported to the outside of the mobile terminal through the sound guide hole on the second sound output cover.
- the terminal can realize the reverse voice. It can be seen that the mobile terminal can realize double-sided sound.
- each receiver monomer is a moving coil receiver.
- double-sided sound can be achieved, since it is a simple superposition of two receivers, the overall thickness of the receiver inevitably increases.
- the receiver unit is a moving coil receiver, and the magnetic field utilization rate is not high.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for electronic equipment.
- an electronic device includes an electromagnetic exciter, a first load element, and a second load element.
- the electromagnetic exciter includes a housing, a magnetic vibrator, a coil, and a first permanent magnet. A cavity is formed inside the housing.
- the permanent magnet, the coil and the magneto-vibrator are located inside the cavity, the first load element and the second load element are located outside the cavity, the magneto-vibrator includes a fixed end and a suspended portion connected to each other, The fixed end is fixed on the housing, a part of the suspended portion is opposed to and spaced from the first permanent magnet, the suspended portion includes a connecting portion, the housing has a through hole, and the connecting portion The through hole extends, and the connecting portion is used to connect with the first load element or the second load element, and further includes a connecting portion between the first load element and the second load element
- the coil generates an alternating magnetic field in response to an alternating signal from an external circuit
- the magnetic permeator is magnetized by the magnetic field
- the first permanent magnet is configured to Interact with each other to drive the vibrator to vibrate
- the vibrator drives the first load element or the second load element to vibrate.
- the first load element and the second load element are respectively located on both sides of the magnetic vibrator in the vibration direction.
- the magnetic vibrator has a T-shaped structure, and the T-shaped structure includes a first side and a second side connected to one end of the first side, and the other end of the first side is the fixed At the end, the connecting portion includes the second side, and two ends of the second side respectively correspond to the first load element and the second load element.
- the conversion device includes two second permanent magnets respectively provided on the first load element and the second load element, and two of the second permanent magnets on the side facing the connecting portion The polarities are opposite. After the connection part is magnetized, one of the second permanent magnets is attracted to the connection part.
- an instantaneous high current is passed through the coil to magnetize the connection part, and the magnitude of the instantaneous high current is greater than the magnitude of the alternating signal.
- a buffer element is provided between the second permanent magnet and the first load element and/or between the second permanent magnet and the second load element.
- the coil is sheathed outside the suspended portion, and a magnetic fluid is provided between the coil and the magnetic vibrator and/or between the first permanent magnet and the magnetic vibrator.
- the shell includes a first shell and a second shell, and the fixed end is clamped and fixed between shell walls of the first shell and the second shell.
- the first load element is an LED screen, an LCD screen or an OLED screen
- the second load element is an LED screen, an LCD screen or an OLED screen.
- the first permanent magnet includes a first magnet and a second magnet that are oppositely arranged on both sides of the magnetic vibrator in the vibration direction.
- the electronic device is provided with a first load element and a second load element.
- the conversion device can switch the connection relationship between the magnetic vibrator and the first load element or the second load element. In the above manner, it is possible to switch different load elements in different application scenarios, thereby providing different vibration directions, vibration modes, and vibration sensing experience.
- the electromagnetic exciter uses a magnetically permeable cantilever structure. Under the action of excitation at different frequencies, the permeable vibrator will exhibit different vibration modes. Vibration modes at different frequencies increase the vibration amplitude of the magneto-vibrator in this frequency interval, thereby broadening the frequency band of electronic equipment.
- the electronic device uses a set of electromagnetic actuators to drive two load elements.
- the thickness of the electronic device can be made smaller, which conforms to the development trend of miniaturization and thinning of electronic devices.
- the electronic device has a simple structure and is difficult to assemble.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- an electronic device may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a notebook computer, a game machine, a walkie-talkie, a headset, a hearing aid, etc.
- the electronic device includes an electromagnetic actuator, a first load element, and a second load element.
- the electromagnetic exciter includes a housing, a magnetically permeable vibrator 25, a coil 16, a first permanent magnet, a first load element (for example, the first screen 21), and a second load element (for example, the first Two screen 22).
- the interior of the housing forms a cavity.
- a part of the housing serves as the fixed portion 17.
- the magnetic permeator 25, the coil 16, and the first permanent magnet are provided in the cavity.
- the housing includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12 that are snapped together.
- a cavity is formed inside the two casings 11,12.
- the entire housing is square.
- the first housing 11 forms a cavity with an open end.
- the second housing 12 is closed at the open end.
- the material of the shell is metal, plastic, ceramic, glass, etc.
- the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are made of magnetically conductive materials.
- the magnetically conductive material may be, but not limited to, ferrite material, tungsten steel, SPCC, or the like.
- the above materials have good magnetic permeability. Since the thickness of the first permanent magnet is usually small. The magnetization direction is along the thickness direction. In this way, the two magnetic poles easily form a magnetic short circuit.
- the first permanent magnet is provided on the first housing 11 or the second housing 12. Since the two housings 11 and 12 have magnetic permeability properties, it can effectively avoid the occurrence of magnetic short circuit and significantly improve the magnetic properties of the magnetic field formed by the first permanent magnet.
- the magnetic vibrator 25 includes a fixed end and a suspended portion connected to each other.
- the magnetically permeable oscillator 25 is made of a magnetically permeable material.
- the magnetically conductive material is as described above.
- the entire magnetic vibrator 25 has a bar structure, a sheet structure, or other structures.
- the fixed end is fixed to the fixed portion 17.
- the fixing portion 17 may also be a component of the device where the electronic merger is located, such as a frame, an inner wall, etc.; or the fixing end may be clamped and fixed on the shell wall of the housing.
- the portion of the shell wall for fixing the fixed end is the fixing portion 17.
- the hanging part is suspended in the cavity to form a cantilever beam structure.
- the fixed end is fixed between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. It is fixed by bonding, welding and clamping. This makes it possible to firmly fix the magnetic vibrator 25.
- the fixed end is relatively fixed to the housing by other components.
- the fixed end is clamped and fixed in the coil 16.
- the coil 16 is fixed to the case with an adhesive or the like.
- the suspended portion is opposed to and spaced from the first permanent magnet to form a vibration space.
- the coil 16 is sheathed outside the suspended portion.
- the coil 16 generates an alternating magnetic field in response to an alternating signal of an external circuit, and the magnetic permeator 25 is magnetized by the magnetic field.
- the first permanent magnet is configured to interact with the suspended portion to drive the magnetic vibrator 25 to vibrate, and the magnetic vibrator 25 drives the first load element or the second load element to vibrate.
- the housing has a through hole 29.
- a through hole 29 is provided on the side of the case opposite to the fixed portion 17.
- the connecting portion protrudes from the through hole 29.
- the first load element and the second load element are located outside the housing. In this way, the two load elements do not occupy space inside the housing.
- Electronic devices can be made smaller.
- components of other devices may serve as the first load element and the second load element.
- connection portion is used to connect with the first load element or the second load element, and can convert the connection relationship between the two load elements.
- the electronic device further includes a conversion device for converting the connection portion between the first load element and the second load element.
- connection portion When it is necessary to drive the first load element to vibrate, the connection portion is connected to the first load element through the conversion device. At this time, the connection portion is not connected to the second load element.
- connection portion When it is necessary to drive the second load element to vibrate, the connection portion is connected to the first load element through the conversion device. At this time, the connection portion is connected to the first load element and disconnected.
- the interaction force of the magnetic permeator 25 and the first permanent magnet that is, the driving force, can be calculated by the following formula:
- M is the magnetization of the medium
- B is the magnetic induction
- n is the surface normal vector
- ⁇ r is the relative permeability of the magnetic medium
- ⁇ 0 is the permeability of the vacuum
- S is the area.
- the driving force of the magnetic vibrator 25 is proportional to the square of the magnetic induction intensity and the area.
- the first permanent magnet with a higher magnetic induction intensity is provided, or multiple first permanent magnets are used together to increase the magnetic induction intensity.
- the multiple first permanent magnets form a Halbach array to increase the magnetic induction intensity.
- the first permanent magnet includes a first magnet 13 and a second magnet 14 that are oppositely arranged.
- the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field formed by this arrangement is uniform, which makes the magnetic vibrator 25 to be evenly stressed when vibrating.
- the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 are both bar magnets.
- the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 may be, but not limited to, ferrite magnets and neodymium iron boron magnets.
- the polarities of the sides of the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 that are close to each other are opposite. In this way, the magnetic field between the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 has a stronger magnetic induction.
- the suspended portion is located between the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 and is spaced apart from the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14.
- the first magnet 13 and the second magnet 14 are provided symmetrically on the upper and lower sides of the suspended portion in the vibration direction.
- the upper surface of the suspended portion faces the N pole of the first magnet 13, and the lower surface faces the S pole of the second magnet 14.
- the suspended portion repels the first magnet 13 and attracts the second magnet 14. This causes the suspension to be subjected to the magnetic force of the two magnets, and the direction of the two forces is the same.
- the driving force of the electromagnetic actuator is stronger, the amplitude is larger, and the vibration sensitivity is higher.
- first permanent magnets are not limited to two, but may be set to more.
- a plurality of first permanent magnets are provided on the inner wall of the housing along the extending direction of the magnetic vibrator 25. It may also be that multiple first permanent magnets form a Helmhertz array to increase magnetic properties.
- the setting method of the plurality of first permanent magnets is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art may set according to actual needs.
- the electronic device is provided with a first load element and a second load element.
- the conversion device can switch the connection relationship between the magnetic vibrator and the first load element or the second load element. In the above manner, it is possible to switch different load elements in different application scenarios, thereby providing different vibration directions, vibration modes, and vibration sensing experience.
- the first load element is a diaphragm, a weight, or a plate for sounding.
- the second load element is a diaphragm, a weight, or a plate for sounding.
- the diaphragm and the weight block are common knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail here.
- the board for sounding may be, but not limited to, a casing of an electronic terminal, a screen (for example, the first screen 21 and the second screen 22), PCB, FPCB, or the like.
- the first load element is an element for sound generation, such as a diaphragm, a screen such as the first screen 21 and the second screen 22), and so on.
- the second load element is a weight block, for example, a metal block, a plastic block, a ceramic block, a glass block, and the like.
- the electronic device when the magneto-vibrator drives the first load element, the electronic device is used to generate sound; when the magneto-vibrator drives the second load element, the electronic device is used to provide a vibration-sensing experience, such as a vibration prompt for touch.
- the first load element and the second load element are respectively located on both sides of the magnetic vibrator in the vibration direction.
- the magneto-vibrator when the magneto-vibrator is connected to one of the load elements (eg, the first load element), the magneto-vibrator is simultaneously away from the other load element (eg, the second load element), so that the vibration of the magneto-vibrator Does not affect the second load element.
- the suspended portion passes through the coil 16 and passes through one end of the coil 16. At least a part of the suspended portion outside the coil 16 is opposed to the first permanent magnet.
- the coil 16 has a hollow structure.
- the suspended portion extends in the axial direction of the coil 16.
- the suspended portion is partially located in the hole of the coil 16. In this way, the arrangement of the magnetic vibrator 25 makes full use of the space inside the coil 16, which is beneficial to the miniaturized design of electronic equipment.
- the floating portion is located at the center of the coil 16. This makes the dangling portion more fully magnetized, stronger in magnetism, and the driving force of the electromagnetic actuator is greater.
- the coil 16 is located outside the suspended portion.
- the magnetic vibrator 25 can also be magnetized.
- the coil 16 is spaced from the suspended portion to provide a vibration space for the vibration of the suspended portion. In this way, it is possible to extend the length of the suspended portion, so that the amplitude of the electromagnetic exciter is greater.
- a multi-point support is formed between the coil 16 and the suspended portion.
- the magnetic permeator has a T-shaped structure.
- the T-shaped structure includes a first side and a second side 27 connected to one end of the first side.
- One end of the first side is connected to the middle of the second side 27.
- the other end of the first side is the fixed end.
- the fixed end is clamped and fixed between the shell walls of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12.
- the connecting portion includes the second side 27. Both ends of the second side 27 correspond to the first load element and the second load element, respectively.
- the first load element for example, the first screen 21
- one end of the second side 27 (counted as the first end) is connected to the first load element, and the other end (counted as the second end) is connected to the second load
- the elements are not connected; when it is necessary to drive the second load element (for example, the second screen 22), the second end is connected to the second load element, and the first end is not connected to the first load element.
- the T-shaped structure is easy to manufacture and process, and takes up little space.
- the conversion device includes two second permanent magnets respectively disposed on the first load element and the second load element.
- the polarities of the two second permanent magnets on the side facing the connection part are opposite. After the connection part is magnetized, one of the second permanent magnets is attracted to the connection part.
- the two second permanent magnets are the third magnet 23 and the fourth magnet 24, respectively.
- an instantaneous high current is passed through the coil 16 to magnetize the magneto-vibrator 25.
- the magnetic transducer 25 moves instantaneously to one side due to the magnetic attraction (for example, the magnetic force from the third magnet 23).
- the first end of the magnetic vibrator 25 is instantly and firmly attracted to the third magnet 23.
- the magnetic vibrator 25 and the first load element are connected together.
- the magnetic vibrator 25 drives the first screen 21 to vibrate.
- the instantaneous high current is direct current, and the magnitude of the current is larger than the current of the alternating signal of the coil 16, for example, it is more than twice the current during normal operation of the coil 16.
- the magnitude of the alternating current does not reach the magnitude of the instantaneous high current, so it will not change the attracting state of the magnetic vibrator 25.
- the electromagnetic actuator can convert the connection relationship with the first screen 21 and the second screen 22 through the conversion device, so as to drive the first screen 21 or the second screen 22 to radiate sound in different directions, respectively.
- the electromagnetic exciter uses a magnetically permeable cantilever structure. Under the action of excitation at different frequencies, the magnetic vibrator 25 will exhibit different vibration modes. Vibration modes at different frequencies will increase the vibration amplitude of the magnetic vibrator 25 in this frequency interval, thereby broadening the frequency band of the electronic device.
- the electronic device uses a set of electromagnetic actuators to drive two screens.
- the thickness of the electronic device can be made smaller, which conforms to the development trend of miniaturization and thinning of electronic devices.
- the electronic device has a simple structure and is difficult to assemble.
- a buffer element is provided between the second permanent magnet and the first load element and/or between the second permanent magnet and the second load element.
- the buffer element is used to buffer the impact force between the magnetic vibrator 25 and the second permanent magnet to prevent the second permanent magnet from being damaged.
- the material of the buffer element may be, but not limited to, rubber, silicone, spring, etc.
- the third magnet 23 and the fourth magnet 24 are both sheet-shaped.
- the third magnet 23 is bonded to the rubber pad 18 by an adhesive, and the other surface of the rubber pad 18 is bonded to the first screen 21.
- the fourth magnet 24 is bonded to the rubber pad 18 by an adhesive, and the other surface of the rubber pad 18 is bonded to the second screen 22.
- the conversion device includes a manipulator.
- the manipulator can move the magneto-vibrator 25 close to one of the load elements and connect it.
- the entire second housing 12 has a sheet-like structure.
- a shielding sheet is provided outside the second casing 12.
- the shielding sheet is made of a magnetically conductive material, which can play the role of magnetic permeability and reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage, so that the magnetic field of the first permanent magnet is stronger and the driving force of the electromagnetic exciter is greater.
- the second housing 12 has an extending portion extending from the side wall of the first housing 11, and an FPCB 28 is provided on the extending portion.
- the FPCB 28 is electrically connected to the coil 16.
- the external device supplies power to the coil 16 through the FPCB 28.
- a shielding sheet 19 is provided on the side of the second housing 12 away from the cavity. The shielding edge 19 can effectively shield the interference of the external magnetic field.
- a magnetic fluid is filled between the suspended portion and the first permanent magnet and/or between the suspended portion and the coil 16.
- a gap is formed between the suspended portion and the first permanent magnet.
- the magnetic fluid is set in the gap.
- the magnetic fluid is made up of nano-scale magnetic solid particles, base carrier liquid and surfactant, and is a stable colloidal liquid. Magnetic fluid does not exhibit magnetism at rest; when an external magnetic field is applied, the magnetic fluid is magnetized and exhibits magnetism.
- the magnetic fluid has viscosity and can generate damping, thereby making the vibration of the magnetic vibrator 25 more stable.
- the magnetic fluid has magnetic permeability properties. In this way, the magnetic fluid is attracted to the area where the magnetic field strength of the suspended portion is high, and does not flow arbitrarily, and the stability is high.
- the two load elements are not limited to being screens.
- both the first load element and the second load element are counterweights, or the two shell walls of the electronic terminal, for example, the two shell walls have different masses, thereby providing different vibration-sensing experiences. It can also be used for vibration therapy equipment. By converting weights of different masses, different vibration strengths, vibration speeds, etc. are achieved.
- the first load element is a screen of the electronic terminal; the second load element is a shell wall of the electronic terminal.
- the electronic device When switching to screen vibration, the electronic device acts as a screen sounding device; when switching to shell wall vibration, the electronic device acts as a vibration motor.
- the electronic terminal has the characteristics of large amplitude and good vibration effect.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括电磁激励器、第一负载元件和第二负载元件,电磁激励器包括壳体、导磁振子、线圈和第一永磁体,壳体的内部形成腔体,永磁体、线圈和导磁振子位于腔体内,第一负载元件和第二负载元件位于腔体外,导磁振子包括相互连接的固定端和悬空部,固定端被固定在壳体上,悬空部的一部分与第一永磁体相对并且相间隔,悬空部包括连接部,壳体具有通孔,连接部从通孔伸出,连接部用于与第一负载元件或者第二负载元件连接,还包括用于使连接部在第一负载元件和第二负载元件之间进行转换的转换装置,线圈响应外部电路的交变信号,产生交变磁场,第一永磁体被配置为与悬空部相互作用,导磁振子带动第一负载元件或者第二负载元件振动。
Description
本发明涉及电磁振动技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种电子设备。
电磁激励器是一种采用电磁换能方式输出力的装置。电磁激励器的驱动方向单一,即仅能输出一个方向的力。在一个方案中,提供了一种双面出声的受话器。在该申请中,受话器包括:驱动机构、第一振膜、第一外壳、第二振膜和第二外壳。第一振膜位于所述驱动机构的一端,所述驱动机构用于驱动所述第一振膜振动发声;第一外壳的中心孔可供所述驱动机构穿过,所述第一振膜的开口端与所述第一外壳密封连接;第二振膜位于所述驱动机构的另一端,所述驱动机构还用于驱动所述第二振膜振动发声;第二外壳的中心孔可供所述驱动机构穿过,所述第二振膜的开口端与所述第二外壳密封连接。
在受话器的实际工作过程中,驱动机构可以驱动第一振膜振动发声,这时,由于第一振膜的振动产生的声音可以通过第一出声罩体上的导音孔导出至移动终端外,这样,移动终端能够实现正面出声。类似地,驱动机构还可以驱动第二振膜振动发声,这时,由于第二振膜的振动产生的声音可以通过第二出声罩体上的导音孔导出至移动终端外,这样,移动终端能够实现反面出声。可见,该移动终端能够实现双面出声。
然而,这种受话器是将两个单一方向发声的受话器单体相背设置并且连接在一起,每个受话器单体均为动圈式受话器。虽然能实现双面出声但是由于是两个受话器单体的简单叠加,故受话器的整体厚度不可避免地增加。
此外,该受话器的结构复杂,组装难度大。
此外,该受话器单体为动圈式受话器,磁场利用率不高。
因此,需要提供一种新的技术方案,以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种电子设备的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括电磁激励器、第一负载元件和第二负载元件,所述电磁激励器包括壳体、导磁振子、线圈和第一永磁体,所述壳体的内部形成腔体,所述永磁体、所述线圈和所述导磁振子位于腔体内,所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件位于所述腔体外,所述导磁振子包括相互连接的固定端和悬空部,固定端被固定在壳体上,所述悬空部的一部分与所述第一永磁体相对并且相间隔,所述悬空部包括连接部,所述壳体具有通孔,所述连接部从所述通孔伸出,所述连接部用于与所述第一负载元件或者第二负载元件连接,还包括用于使所述连接部在所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件之间进行转换的转换装置,所述线圈响应外部电路的交变信号,产生交变磁场,所述导磁振子在所述磁场的作用下被磁化,所述第一永磁体被配置为与所述悬空部相互作用,以驱动所述导磁振子振动,所述导磁振子带动所述第一负载元件或者第二负载元件振动。
可选地,所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件分别位于所述导磁振子的沿振动方向的两侧。
可选地,所述导磁振子呈T字形结构,所述T字形结构包括第一边和连接在所述第一边的一端的第二边,所述第一边的另一端为所述固定端,所述连接部包括所述第二边,所述第二边的两端分别与所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件相对应。
可选地,所述转换装置包括分别设置在所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件上的两个第二永磁体,两个所述第二永磁体的朝向连接部的一侧的极性相反,在所述连接部被磁化后,其中一个所述第二永磁体与所述连接部吸合在一起。
可选地,在所述线圈中通瞬间高电流以使所述连接部被磁化,所述瞬间高电流的电流大小大于所述交变信号的电流大小。
可选地,在所述第二永磁体与所述第一负载元件之间和/或所述第二永磁体与所述第二负载元件之间设置有缓冲元件。
可选地,所述线圈套设在所述悬空部外,在所述线圈与所述导磁振子之间和/或所述第一永磁体与所述导磁振子之间设置有磁液。
可选地,所述壳体包括第一壳体和第二壳体,所述固定端被夹持固定在所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的壳壁之间。
可选地,所述第一负载元件为LED屏、LCD屏或OLED屏;所述第二负载元件为LED屏、LCD屏或OLED屏。
可选地,所述第一永磁体包括相对地设置在所述导磁振子沿振动方向的两侧的第一磁铁和第二磁铁。
根据本公开的一个实施例,该电子设备设置有第一负载元件和第二负载元件。通过转换装置能够切换导磁振子与第一负载元件或第二负载元件的连接关系。通过上述方式能够实现在不同的应用场景下切换不同的负载元件,从而提供不同的振动方向、振动方式、振感体验等。
此外,该电磁激励器采用悬臂结构的导磁振子。在不同频率激励的作用下,导磁振子会呈现不同的振动模态。不同频率下的振动模态会提高该频率区间内导磁振子的振动幅度,从而扩宽电子设备的频带范围。
此外,该电子设备采用一套电磁激励器驱动两个负载元件,电子设备的厚度能够做的更小,顺应了电子设备小型化、轻薄化的发展趋势。
此外,该电子设备的结构简单,组装难度小。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述,本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例,并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的电子设备的分解图。
图2是根据本公开的一个实施例的电子设备的剖视图。
附图标记说明:
11:第一外壳;12;第二外壳;13:第一磁铁;14:第二磁铁;16:线圈;17:固定部;18:橡胶垫;19:屏蔽片;21:第一屏幕;22:第二屏幕;23:第三磁铁;24:第四磁铁;25:导磁振子;27:第二边;28:FPCB;29:通孔。
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本公开的一个实施例,提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备可以是但不局限于手机、平板电脑、智能手表、笔记本电脑、游戏机、对讲机、耳机、助听器等。
该电子设备包括电磁激励器、第一负载元件和第二负载元件。如图1-2所示,该电磁激励器包括壳体、导磁振子25、线圈16、第一永磁体、第一负载元件(例如,第一屏幕21)和第二负载元件(例如,第二屏幕22)。壳体的内部形成腔体。壳体的一部分作为固定部17。导磁振子25、线圈16和第一永磁体被设置在腔体内。例如,壳体包括扣合在一起的第一外壳11和第二外壳12。在两个外壳11,12的内部形成腔体。例如,壳体的整体呈方形。第一外壳11形成具有敞开端的腔体。第二外壳12盖合在敞开端。 壳体的材质为金属、塑料、陶瓷、玻璃等。
例如,第一外壳11和第二外壳12由导磁材料制备而成。导磁材料可以是但不局限于铁氧体材料、钨钢或者SPCC等。上述材料均具有良好的导磁效果。由于第一永磁体的厚度通常较小。充磁方向沿厚度方向。这样,两个磁极容易形成磁短路。将第一永磁体设置在第一外壳11或者第二外壳12上。由于两个外壳11,12具有导磁性能,故能有效地避免磁短路的发生,显著提高第一永磁体形成的磁场的磁性。
导磁振子25包括相互连接的固定端和悬空部。导磁振子25由导磁材料制备而成。导磁材料如前所述。例如,导磁振子25的整体呈条形结构、片状结构或者其他结构。
固定端被固定在固定部17。固定部17还可以是电子合并所在装置的部件,例如框架、内壁等;也可以是,固定端被夹持固定在壳体的壳壁上。壳壁的用于固定固定端的部位为固定部17。悬空部悬置在腔体内,以形成悬臂梁结构。例如,如图1-2所示,固定端被固定在第一外壳11和第二外壳12之间。通过粘结、焊接、卡接的方式形成固定。这样能够牢固地固定导磁振子25。
还可以是,固定端通过其他部件与壳体形成相对固定。例如,固定端被夹持固定在线圈16内。线圈16通过粘结剂等被固定在壳体上。
悬空部与第一永磁体相对并且相间隔,以形成振动空间。线圈16套设在悬空部外。线圈16响应外部电路的交变信号,产生交变磁场,导磁振子25在所述磁场的作用下被磁化。第一永磁体被配置为与悬空部相互作用,以驱动导磁振子25振动,导磁振子25带动第一负载元件或第二负载元件振动。
壳体具有通孔29。例如,在壳体的与固定部17相对的一侧设置有通孔29。连接部从通孔29伸出。第一负载元件和第二负载元件位于壳体的外侧。这样,两个负载元件不占用壳体内部的空间。电子设备的体积能够做的更小。此外,其它设备的部件可以作为第一负载元件和第二负载元件。
连接部用于与第一负载元件或者第二负载元件连接,并且能够转换与两个负载元件之间的连接关系。例如,电子设备还包括用于使连接部在第 一负载元件和第二负载元件之间进行转换的转换装置。
当需要驱动第一负载元件振动时,通过转换装置将连接部与第一负载元件连接。此时,连接部与第二负载元件不连接。
当需要驱动第二负载元件振动时,通过转换装置将连接部与第一负载元件连接。此时,连接部与第一负载元件接解除连接。
导磁振子25与第一永磁体的相互作用力,即驱动力,可用如下公式计算:
其中,M为介质磁化强度,B为磁感应强度,n为表面法向矢量,μ
r为磁介质相对磁导率,μ
0为真空磁导率,S为面积。如果假设磁场在导磁振子的受力区域内是均匀的,则上式还可以用以下简化形式表示:
可见,导磁振子25的驱动力与磁感应强度的二次方、以及面积呈正比。在通常情况下,受应用环境的影响导磁振子的面积很难增大,而提高第一永磁体的磁感应强度能够有效地提高驱动力。例如,通过设置较高磁感应强度的第一永磁体,或者多块第一永磁体一起使用来提高磁感应强度,例如,多块第一永磁体形成海尔贝克阵列,以提高磁感应强度。
在一个例子中,如图1-2所示,第一永磁体包括相对设置的第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14。这种设置方式形成的磁场的磁感应强度均匀,这使得导磁振子25在振动时受力均匀。例如,第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14均为条形磁铁。第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14可以是但不局限于铁氧体磁铁和钕铁硼磁铁。
第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14的相互靠近的一侧的极性相反。这样,在第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14之间的磁场的磁感强度更强。悬空部位于第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14之间,并与第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14相间隔。例 如,第一磁铁13和第二磁铁14对称地设置在悬空部沿振动方向的上、下侧。悬空部的上表面与第一磁铁13的N极相对,下表面与第二磁铁14的S极相对。在线圈16通电时,悬空部被磁化成N极。
这样,悬空部与第一磁铁13相斥,并与第二磁铁14相吸。这使得悬空部受到两个磁铁的磁力作用,并且两个作用力的方向相同。电磁激励器的驱动力更强,振幅更大,振动灵敏度更高。
当然,第一永磁体不限于两个,还可以设置成更多个。例如,多个第一永磁体沿导磁振子25的延伸方向设置在壳体的内壁上。还可以是,多个第一永磁体形成亥姆赫兹阵列,以增大磁性。
当然,多个第一永磁体的设置方式不限于此,本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置。
在本发明实施例中,该电子设备设置有第一负载元件和第二负载元件。通过转换装置能够切换导磁振子与第一负载元件或第二负载元件的连接关系。通过上述方式能够实现在不同的应用场景下切换不同的负载元件,从而提供不同的振动方向、振动方式、振感体验等。
在一个例子中,第一负载元件为振膜、配重块或用于发声的板。第二负载元件为振膜、配重块或用于发声的板。振膜和配重块为本领域的公知常识,在此不做详细说明。用于发声的板可以是但不局限于电子终端的壳体、屏幕(例如,第一屏幕21和第二屏幕22)、PCB、FPCB等。
例如,第一负载元件为用于发声的元件,例如振膜、屏幕例如,第一屏幕21和第二屏幕22)等。第二负载元件为配重块,例如,金属块、塑料块、陶瓷块、玻璃块等。在该例子中,当导磁振子驱动第一负载元件时,电子设备用于发声;当导磁振子驱动第二负载元件时,电子设备用于提供振感体验,例如触控的振动提示。
在一个例子中,第一负载元件和第二负载元件分别位于导磁振子的沿振动方向的两侧。在该例子中,当导磁振子与其中一个负载元件(例如,第一负载元件)连接时,导磁振子同时远离另一个负载元件(例如,第二负载元件),这样,导磁振子的振动不会影响第二负载元件。
在一个例子中,如图2所示,悬空部从线圈16中穿过并从线圈16的 一端穿出。悬空部的位于线圈16以外部分的至少局部与第一永磁体相对。线圈16呈中空结构。悬空部沿线圈16的轴向延伸。悬空部的局部位于线圈16的孔中。这样,导磁振子25的设置充分利用了线圈16内部的空间,有利于电子设备的小型化设计。
此外,悬空部位于线圈16的中心位置。这使得悬空部被磁化地更充分,磁性更强,电磁激励器的驱动力更大。
在其他示例中,线圈16位于悬空部的外侧。这种设置方式,导磁振子25同样能够被磁化。
优选地,线圈16与悬空部相间隔,以为悬空部的振动提供振动空间。通过这种方式,能够延长悬空部的长度,使得电磁激励器的振幅更大。
此外,间隔设置的方式使得线圈16的散热效果更好。
在其他示例中,线圈16与悬空部之间形成多点支撑。这种设置方式,线圈16的散热更迅速,提高了电子设备的长期使用效果。
在一个例子中,如图1所示,导磁振子呈T字形结构。T字形结构包括第一边和连接在第一边的一端的第二边27。第一边的一端与第二边27的中部连接。第一边的另一端为固定端。固定端被夹持固定在第一壳体11和第二壳体12的壳壁之间。连接部包括第二边27。第二边27的两端分别与第一负载元件和第二负载元件相对应。在需要驱动第一负载元件(例如,第一屏幕21)时,第二边27的一端(计为第一端)与第一负载元件连接,另一端(计为第二端)与第二负载元件不连接;在需要驱动第二负载元件(例如,第二屏幕22)时,第二端与第二负载元件连接,第一端与第一负载元件不连接。T字形结构的制作加工容易,并且占用空间小。
在一个例子中,如图1-2所示,转换装置包括分别设置在第一负载元件和第二负载元件上的两个第二永磁体。两个第二永磁体的朝向连接部的一侧的极性相反,在连接部被磁化后,其中一个第二永磁体与连接部吸合在一起。例如,两个第二永磁体分别为第三磁铁23和第四磁铁24。
在使用时,先在线圈16中通以瞬间高电流,以使导磁振子25被磁化。在被磁化后,由于受到磁力吸引的作用(例如,来自第三磁铁23的磁力)导磁振子25瞬间向一侧移动。当超过设定位移时,导磁振子25的第一端 就会被瞬间牢固地吸附在第三磁铁23上。这样,导磁振子25与第一负载元件(例如,第一屏幕21)连接在一起。此后,在线圈16中通以交流信号时,导磁振子25带动第一屏幕21振动。
在进行切换时,先在线圈16中通以反向的瞬间高电流,以使导磁振子25被磁化成与之前相反的极性。在被磁化后,由于受到第三磁铁23的排斥力和第四磁铁24的磁力吸引的作用,故导磁振子25瞬间向另一侧移动。当超过设定位移时,导磁振子25的第二端就会被瞬间牢固吸附在第四磁铁24上。这样,导磁振子25与第二负载元件(例如,第二屏幕22)连接在一起。此后,在线圈16中通以交流信号时,导磁振子25带动第二屏幕22振动。
瞬间高电流为直流电,其电流大小比线圈16的交变信号的电流大,例如为线圈16正常工作时的电流的2倍以上。交变电流的大小未达到瞬间高电流的大小,故不会改变导磁振子25的吸合状态。
在该例子中,通过在线圈16中施加不同方向的瞬间高电流来切换连接部与两个负载元件之间的连接关系,转换操作十分容易。
此外,在该例子中不需要对两个负载元件以外的部件进行重新设计,使得转换装置的结构简单,设计容易,电子设备的体积小。
此外,电磁激励器通过转换装置能转换与第一屏幕21和第二屏幕22之间的连接关系,从而实现分别带动第一屏幕21或第二屏幕22朝不同的方向辐射声音。
此外,该电磁激励器采用悬臂结构的导磁振子。在不同频率激励的作用下,导磁振子25会呈现不同的振动模态。不同频率下的振动模态会提高该频率区间内导磁振子25的振动幅度,从而扩宽电子设备的频带范围。
此外,该电子设备采用一套电磁激励器驱动两个屏幕,电子设备的厚度能够做的更小,顺应了电子设备小型化、轻薄化的发展趋势。
此外,该电子设备的结构简单,组装难度小。
在一个例子中,在第二永磁体与第一负载元件之间和/或第二永磁体与第二负载元件之间设置有缓冲元件。缓冲元件用于缓冲导磁振子25与第二永磁体之间的撞击力,防止第二永磁体被损坏。例如,缓冲元件的材质 可以是但不局限于橡胶、硅胶、弹簧等。
例如,第三磁铁23和第四磁铁24均为片状。通过粘结剂将第三磁铁23粘结在橡胶垫18上,并且将橡胶垫18的另一面粘结在第一屏幕21上。通过粘结剂将第四磁铁24粘结在橡胶垫18上,并且将橡胶垫18的另一面粘结在第二屏幕22上。
在其他示例中,第一负载元件和第二负载元件可拆卸地与连接部进行连接。转换装置包括机械手。机械手能拨动导磁振子25靠近其中一个负载元件,并进行连接。
在一个例子中,第二外壳12的整体呈片状结构。在第二外壳12的外侧设置有屏蔽片。屏蔽片由导磁材料制作而成,能够起到导磁的作用,减少漏磁的发生,使得第一永磁体的磁场更强,电磁激励器的驱动力更大。
如图1所示,第二外壳12具有伸出第一外壳11的侧壁的伸出部,在伸出部上设置有FPCB28。FPCB28与线圈16电连接。外部设备通过FPCB28向线圈16供电。在第二外壳12的远离腔体的一侧设置有屏蔽片19。屏蔽边19能有效地屏蔽外部磁场的干扰。
在一个例子中,在悬空部与第一永磁体之间和/或在悬空部与线圈16之间填充有磁液。例如,在悬空部与第一永磁体之间形成间隙。磁液被设置在间隙中。磁液由纳米级的磁性固体颗粒、基载液以及表面活性剂混合而成,是一种稳定的胶状液体。磁液在静态时不表现磁性;在外加磁场作用时,磁液被磁化,并表现出磁性。磁液具有粘性,能够产生阻尼,从而使导磁振子25的振动更加平稳。
此外,磁液具有导磁特性。这样,磁液会吸附在悬空部的磁场强度高的区域,而不会任意流动,稳定性高。
两个负载元件不限于均为屏幕。在一个例子中,第一负载元件和第二负载元件均为配重块,或者电子终端的两个壳壁,例如,两个壳壁的质量不同,从而提供不同的振感体验。也可以是,用于振动治疗仪。通过转换不同质量的配重块,实现了不同的振动力度、振动速度等。
还可以是,第一负载元件为电子终端的屏幕;第二负载元件为电子终端的壳壁。当切换到屏幕振动时,电子设备作为屏幕发声装置;当切换到 壳壁振动时,电子设备作为振动马达。
该电子终端具有振幅大、振动效果良好的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明,但是本领域的技术人员应该理解,以上例子仅是为了进行说明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解,可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下,对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。
Claims (10)
- 一种电子设备,其中,电磁激励器、第一负载元件和第二负载元件,所述电磁激励器包括壳体、导磁振子、线圈和第一永磁体,所述壳体的内部形成腔体,所述永磁体、所述线圈和所述导磁振子位于所述腔体内,所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件位于所述腔体外,所述导磁振子包括相互连接的固定端和悬空部,所述固定端被固定在壳体上,所述悬空部的一部分与所述第一永磁体相对并且相间隔,所述悬空部包括连接部,所述壳体具有通孔,所述连接部从所述通孔伸出,所述连接部用于与所述第一负载元件或者第二负载元件连接,还包括用于使所述连接部在所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件之间进行转换的转换装置,所述线圈响应外部电路的交变信号,产生交变磁场,所述导磁振子在所述交变磁场的作用下被磁化,所述第一永磁体被配置为与所述悬空部相互作用,以驱动所述导磁振子振动,所述导磁振子带动所述第一负载元件或者第二负载元件振动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备,其中,所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件分别位于所述导磁振子的沿振动方向的两侧。
- 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备,其中,所述导磁振子呈T字形结构,所述T字形结构包括第一边和连接在所述第一边的一端的第二边,所述第一边的另一端为所述固定端,所述连接部包括所述第二边,所述第二边的两端分别与所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件相对应。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备,其中,所述转换装置包括分别设置在所述第一负载元件和所述第二负载元件上的两个第二永磁体,两个所述第二永磁体的朝向所述连接部的一侧的极性相反,在所述连接部被磁化后,其中一个所述第二永磁体与所述连接部吸合在一起。
- 根据权利要求4所述的电子设备,其中,在所述线圈中通瞬间高 电流以使所述连接部被磁化,所述瞬间高电流的电流大小大于所述交变信号的电流大小。
- 根据权利要求4所述的电子设备,其中,在所述第二永磁体与所述第一负载元件之间和/或所述第二永磁体与所述第二负载元件之间设置有缓冲元件。
- 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的电子设备,其中,所述线圈套设在所述悬空部外,在所述线圈与所述导磁振子之间和/或所述第一永磁体与所述导磁振子之间设置有磁液。
- 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的电子设备,其中,所述壳体包括第一壳体和第二壳体,所述固定端被夹持固定在所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的壳壁之间。
- 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的电子设备,其中,所述第一负载元件为LED屏、LCD屏或OLED屏;所述第二负载元件为LED屏、LCD屏或OLED屏。
- 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的电子设备,其中,所述第一永磁体包括相对地设置在所述导磁振子沿振动方向的两侧的第一磁铁和第二磁铁。
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