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WO2020215786A1 - 振动发声装置以及电子产品 - Google Patents

振动发声装置以及电子产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020215786A1
WO2020215786A1 PCT/CN2019/129751 CN2019129751W WO2020215786A1 WO 2020215786 A1 WO2020215786 A1 WO 2020215786A1 CN 2019129751 W CN2019129751 W CN 2019129751W WO 2020215786 A1 WO2020215786 A1 WO 2020215786A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration
magnet
magnets
coil
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/129751
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史德璋
毛东升
朱跃光
刘春发
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020215786A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020215786A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion, and more specifically, to a vibration and sound device and an electronic product.
  • the sound device is an important electro-acoustic transducer element in electronic products, which is used to convert current signals into sound. With the rapid development of electronic products in recent years, sound generating devices applied to electronic products have also been improved accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 A technical solution adopted by those skilled in the art is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the technical solution adopts a structural distribution mode in which an electromagnet 02 and a magnet 03 are placed opposite each other, and the electromagnet 02 is turned on and off, or the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 02 are switched. , So that the electromagnet 02 and the magnet 03 produce varying adsorption and repulsion. Then the magnet 03 is fixed on the mobile phone screen 01, and the electromagnet 02 is fixed on the stationary part of the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone screen 01 can vibrate.
  • B is the equivalent magnetic induction intensity
  • H is the equivalent magnetic field intensity
  • S is the equivalent area of the interaction between the two permanent magnets.
  • this technical solution also has the problem of occupying a large space, which is not conducive to the lightweight and thin structure design of the mobile phone.
  • the mobile phone screen 01 In order to make the mobile phone screen 01 produce a large enough amplitude, enough space should be left between the two magnets, otherwise it will cause a collision between the magnet and the electromagnet 02, which will seriously affect the acoustic performance of the screen. For this reason, it will inevitably take up more space in the thickness direction of the mobile phone.
  • the magnet will generate attractive force on the metal shell or magnetic parts, which will affect the performance.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for the vibration and sound device.
  • a vibration and sound device includes
  • At least a part of the housing is configured to be able to vibrate relative to the fixing member
  • the drive assembly includes at least one coil, at least one maglev permanent magnet and at least one drive magnet, the coil and the maglev permanent magnet are all fixedly connected to the fixing member, and the drive magnet is fixedly connected to the housing, or The coil and the magnetic levitation permanent magnet are both fixedly connected to the housing, the driving magnet is fixedly connected to the fixing member, and a repulsive force is formed between the magnetic levitation permanent magnet and the driving magnet;
  • the coil is located on the side of the driving magnet, and the coil passes through the magnetic field generated by the driving magnet.
  • it further includes a lower shell, the coil and the magnetic levitation permanent magnet are fixedly connected to the lower shell, and the lower shell is fixedly connected to the fixing member.
  • the driving magnet is a Halbach magnet.
  • a gap is formed between adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets, the gap is a magnetic field enhancement area of the Halbach magnet, and the coil is located in the gap, so The wiring area passes through the magnetic field generated by the Halbach magnet.
  • the drive assembly further includes a protective shell, and the drive magnet is fixedly connected to the vibration part of the shell through the protective shell.
  • the protective shell includes a side, and a magnetic conductive plate is provided on a side of the two sets of Halbach magnets adjacent to the side that is away from the gap.
  • each group of Halbach magnets includes three permanent magnets arranged along the vibration direction.
  • the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets at both ends is perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the magnetization direction is opposite, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets located in the middle is parallel.
  • the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets at both ends of the adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets are the same, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets at the middle are opposite.
  • a through hole is provided in the middle of the coil, and a wiring area of the coil is around the through hole, and the wiring area includes a first wiring area close to a part for vibration of the housing and a section A second wiring area away from the part for vibration of the housing, the wiring directions of the first wiring area and the second wiring area are parallel to the surface of the vibration part of the housing;
  • a magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets of the vibrating part of the adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets close to the housing, and the first wiring area passes through the magnetic field; the adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets are far away from the housing
  • a magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets of the vibrating part, and the second wiring area passes through the magnetic field.
  • the drive assembly is configured to provide two drive magnets corresponding to one coil, and the gap is formed between the two drive magnets, and the two ring-shaped end faces of the coil face the two drive magnets respectively.
  • the driving magnet forms a magnetic field between the two driving magnets.
  • the direction of the magnetic poles of one of the driving magnets is: the N pole is close to the vibration part of the housing, and the S pole is far away from the vibration part of the housing;
  • the direction of the magnetic poles of the other drive magnet is: the N pole is far away from the vibration part of the housing, and the S pole is close to the vibration part of the housing;
  • the wiring area includes a first wiring area close to the vibrating part of the housing and a second wiring area away from the vibrating part of the housing, the first wiring area and The wiring direction of the second wiring area is parallel to the surface of the vibration part of the housing;
  • a magnetic field is formed between the magnetic poles of the two driving magnets near the part for vibration of the housing, and the first wiring area passes through the magnetic field;
  • a magnetic field is formed between the magnetic poles of the vibrating part, and the second wiring area passes through the magnetic field.
  • a convex structure is formed in the middle of the lower shell, the coil is fixed on the convex structure, the maglev permanent magnet is arranged on at least one side of the convex structure, and the Halbach magnet Arranged opposite to the two sets of magnetic levitation permanent magnets; or
  • the lower shell has a sheet-like structure, the maglev permanent magnet is arranged on the lower shell, and the coil is arranged on the maglev permanent magnet.
  • a magnetic conductive material is contained in the lower shell.
  • the vibrating part of the housing is a screen or a back cover opposite to the screen.
  • an electronic product includes: the above-mentioned vibration and sound device;
  • the product main body, the fixing member is a part of the structure of the product main body, and the driving assembly is arranged in the product main body.
  • the fixing member is a middle frame, PCB or side wall of the product body.
  • the performance of the vibration sound device is good.
  • Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of a technical solution for screen sound generation in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the driving assembly of the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a vibration and sound device provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic side sectional view of another vibration and sound device provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a vibration and sound device provided by the present invention from another angle.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention without a protective cover.
  • Fig. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of an electronic product provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of an electronic product provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of another electronic product provided by the present invention.
  • the invention provides a vibration and sound device.
  • the sound device includes a vibration component and a driving component.
  • the vibration assembly includes a housing and a fixing member. At least a part of the housing is configured to vibrate relative to the fixing member.
  • the housing has a sufficiently large vibration area.
  • the part of the housing for vibration is the screen 20 or the back cover 22 opposite to the screen 20.
  • the fixing part may be a fixed part in the electronic product applied to the sound generating device, or may be a fixed part configured separately.
  • the drive assembly includes at least one coil 16, at least one maglev permanent magnet 17, and at least one drive magnet.
  • the coil 16 is wound by a wire in one direction to form a closed loop structure.
  • the coil 16 has a through hole in the middle. Around the through hole is the routing area of the coil 16.
  • the wiring area refers to the area through which the leads in the coil 16 actually pass, and the entire wiring area is ring-shaped.
  • the coil 16 and the maglev permanent magnet 17 are both fixedly connected to the fixing member.
  • the coil 16 and the magnetic levitation permanent magnet 17 are directly and fixedly connected to the fixed part, or indirectly fixedly connected to the fixed part through other parts (for example, the lower case).
  • the driving magnet is fixed in the protective shell 11.
  • the drive assembly also includes a protective shell 11.
  • the protective shell 11 is made of a magnetically conductive material, such as low carbon steel, SPCC, and the like.
  • the protective shell 11 made of magnetic conductive material can effectively reduce magnetic leakage.
  • the protective shell 11 is fixedly connected to the screen 20. A repulsive force is formed between the maglev permanent magnet 17 and the driving magnet.
  • the coil 16 will continuously heat up during the electrification process. If the coil 16 is fixedly connected to the screen 20, the heat is likely to cause damage to the screen 20. In this example, the coil 16 is fixedly connected to the fixing member instead of the screen 20, which can effectively prevent the heating of the coil 16 from causing damage to the screen 20. In other examples, the Halbach magnet is fixedly connected to the fixing member, and the coil is fixedly connected to the housing.
  • the coil 16 in a closed loop has its own axis.
  • the axis of the coil 16 is parallel to the surface of the screen 20.
  • the protective shell 11 has an open end 23.
  • the coil 16 extends into the protective shell 11 from the open end 23, so that the coil is located on the side of the driving magnet, and the ring-shaped end surface of the coil 16 faces the driving magnet, the axis of the coil 16 and The surface of the screen 20 is horizontal.
  • the wiring area of the coil 16 includes a first wiring area 16 a close to the screen 20 and a second wiring area 16 b far from the screen 20.
  • the routing directions of the first routing area 16a and the second routing area 16b are parallel to the surface of the screen 20.
  • the coil 16 runs inward and outward along the paper surface.
  • the driving magnet can generate a magnetic field, and at least one of the first wiring area 16a and the second wiring area 16b needs to pass through the magnetic field generated by the driving magnet. In this way, when an alternating current signal is passed through the coil 16, an ampere force can be generated between the coil 16 and the driving magnet.
  • the energized trace area passes through the magnetic field and can generate ampere force.
  • the coil 16 Since the coil 16 is arranged on the side of the driving magnet, a part of the magnetic field generated by the driving magnet can pass through the coil 16 in a direction parallel to the surface of the screen 20, thereby generating an ampere force perpendicular to the surface of the screen 20.
  • the direction of the generated ampere force also changes alternately and reversely.
  • the ampere force can be directly transmitted to the screen 20 through the drive assembly.
  • the protective shell 11 can directly drive the screen 20 after receiving the ampere force. The above-mentioned ampere force will cause relative displacement between the screen 20 and the fixing member, which in turn causes the screen 20 to vibrate and sound relative to the fixing member.
  • the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention can directly drive at least a part of the housing (for example, the screen 20 or the back cover 22) to vibrate on the one hand.
  • the coil 16 and the driving magnet are respectively disposed on the fixing member and the housing, and directly drive the housing to ensure high efficiency of vibration transmission.
  • the direct driving method of directly connecting the driving component and the vibrating component simplifies the principle of driving the housing to vibrate, and the housing can directly vibrate after being subjected to ampere force. This design method effectively improves the vibration conversion efficiency, and does not need to cause resonance through the vibration of the vibrator to drive the housing to vibrate.
  • This design makes the amplitude generated by the housing basically the same as the amplitude generated by the drive assembly, and the space reserved for the drive assembly can be designed according to the performance requirements of the housing amplitude. There is no need to reserve a vibration space for the drive component that is significantly larger than the maximum amplitude of the housing.
  • maglev permanent magnet 17 a repulsive force is formed between the maglev permanent magnet 17 and the driving magnet, and the maglev permanent magnet 17 can generate centering damping, prevent the vibration of the driving magnet from deviating, and improve the transient response. After the power is off, the driving magnet can quickly stop vibrating under the repulsive force of the maglev permanent magnet 17.
  • the magnetic levitation permanent magnet 17 plays a buffering role, buffering the impact force received by the housing, thereby preventing the housing from being damaged by the frequently changing ampere force.
  • the driving assembly is configured in a form in which two driving magnets 25 are provided corresponding to one coil 16.
  • Two driving magnets 25 are respectively located on both sides of the coil 16 along the axis of the coil 16, the coil 16 is sandwiched between the two driving magnets 25, and the two ring-shaped end surfaces of the coil 16 are respectively Towards the two drive magnets 25.
  • a magnetic field is formed between the two driving magnets 25, and the first wiring area 16a and the second wiring area 16b of the coil 16 can pass through the magnetic field, thereby generating an ampere force between the driving magnet 25 and the coil 16.
  • the magnetic field stability, symmetry, and magnetic field strength generated by the two drive magnets 25 are better, so that the ampere force generated between the coil 16 and the drive magnet 25 is stronger, and the direction of the ampere force is not prone to tilt, so that the screen 20 is The vibration effect is more stable. Moreover, by providing two drive magnets 25, the magnetic field formed between the two drive magnets 25 is more concentrated and stronger than the magnetic field formed by one drive magnet 25 on the side close to the coil 16, and the effective use of the drive magnet 25 generates Magnetic field.
  • the driving magnet is a Halbach magnet.
  • the Halbach magnet includes multiple permanent magnets, which are arranged in an array to form a magnetic field enhancement area at a set position.
  • the magnetic field enhancement area is located on the side of the permanent magnet whose magnetization direction is perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • Halbach magnets make the ampere force greater.
  • Halbach magnets are a group.
  • the vibration direction is the vertical direction, and the magnetic field enhancement area is formed on the opposite sides of the horizontally magnetized permanent magnets of the group of Halbach magnets.
  • Halbach magnets 10 there are at least two groups of Halbach magnets 10. For example, it can be 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups, and so on. Each group of Halbach magnets are arranged along the direction of vibration. A gap 24 is formed between the two adjacent sets of Halbach magnets. A coil 16 is provided in each gap 24. When there are multiple coils 16, the driving force of the driving assembly is greater. The gap 24 is a magnetic field enhancement area of the Halbach magnet 10, the coil 16 is located in the gap 24, and the wiring area passes through the magnetic field generated by the Halbach magnet 10. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the lines are routed inward and outward along the paper surface.
  • the Halbach magnet 10 can generate a magnetic field, and at least one of the first wiring area and the second wiring area must pass through the magnetic field generated by the Halbach magnet 10. In this way, when an alternating current signal is passed through the coil 16, an ampere force can be generated between the coil 16 and the Halbach magnet 10.
  • the energized trace area passes through the magnetic field and can generate ampere force. Since the coil 16 is located in the gap 24 formed by the Halbach magnet 10, at least a part of the magnetic field generated by the Halbach magnet 10 can pass through the coil 16 in a direction parallel to the surface of the screen 20, thereby generating a direction perpendicular to the screen 20. The ampere force of the surface.
  • the Halbach magnets 10 form at least two groups, the gap 24 between the two groups is a magnetic field enhancement area, and the coil 16 is located in the gap 24.
  • this arrangement makes the magnetic field stronger and more balanced, the ampere force received by the coil 16 can be larger and more balanced, the vibration of the vibrating component is more stable and stronger, and the vibration speed is faster.
  • each group of Halbach magnets includes three permanent magnets arranged along the vibration direction, which are respectively counted as the first permanent magnet 13, the second permanent magnet 14 and the third permanent magnet 15.
  • a gap 24 is formed between the two sets of Halbach magnets.
  • the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets at both ends is perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the magnetizing direction is opposite; the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets at the middle is parallel to the vibration direction.
  • the vibration direction is the direction when the vibrating component vibrates.
  • the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets located at the two ends of the vibration direction of the adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets are the same, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets located in the middle are opposite.
  • the first permanent magnet 13a located in the left row (the end far from the gap 24 is S pole, the end close to the gap 24 is N pole) and the third permanent magnet 15a located in the left row (far away One end of the gap 24 is the N pole, and the end close to the gap 24 is the S pole).
  • the magnetizing direction is perpendicular to the vibration direction, and the magnetizing directions of the two are opposite.
  • the end away from the open end 23 is the S pole) corresponding, the magnetizing direction of the two is parallel to the vibration direction, and the magnetizing direction is opposite.
  • the magnetic field strength in the gap 24 formed between two adjacent sets of Halbach magnets is the largest.
  • the driving force of the vibrating component is the largest, and the starting speed is fast.
  • the number of permanent magnets in each group is not limited to three, but more.
  • the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets at both ends of each group of Halbach magnets is perpendicular to the direction of vibration, and the magnetizing direction is opposite; the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets located in the middle is parallel to the direction of vibration, and the magnetic fields of each permanent magnet are connected paramagnetically. , That is, the N pole of the adjacent permanent magnet is opposite to the S pole. In this way, the strength of the magnetic field in the gap 24 can be greater.
  • Halbach magnet is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make selections according to actual needs.
  • the main body direction of the Halbach magnet 10 is parallel to the long side of the coil 16.
  • the main body direction is the extending direction of the longest side of the Halbach magnet 10.
  • the long side of the coil 16 is the longest side of the coil 16.
  • Halbach magnet 10 is not limited to the above structure, and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.
  • the Halbach magnets 10 are at least two groups.
  • a magnetic conductive plate 12 is provided on the side away from the gap 24 of the two sets of Halbach magnets adjacent to the side of the protective shell. That is, the outermost two sets of Halbach magnets are provided with magnetic conductive plates 12 on the side away from the gap.
  • the magnetically conductive plate 12 is made of a magnetically conductive material, such as low carbon steel, SPCC, etc. The magnetic conductive plate 12 can gather the magnetic lines of induction, reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage, and further increase the magnetic field strength in the gap 24.
  • a magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets (for example, the first permanent magnets 13a, 13b) of the adjacent two sets of Halbach magnets close to the screen 20, and the first wiring area Passing through the magnetic field; a magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets of the two sets of Halbach magnets away from the screen 20 (for example, the third permanent magnets 15a, 15b), and the second wiring area passes through the magnetic field.
  • the two routing areas respectively pass through magnetic fields at different locations. This makes the driving force of the vibrating assembly significantly improved.
  • the driving assembly further includes a lower shell 18.
  • the coil 16 is fixed on the lower shell 18, the lower shell 18 is fixedly connected with the fixing member, and the end of the protective shell 11 opposite to the lower shell 18 is open.
  • the lower shell 18 can be provided with a larger connection area according to actual needs, which facilitates the connection of the drive assembly and the fixing member.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 Under the condition that the lower shell 18 is made of a magnetically conductive material, the magnetic flux leakage of the maglev permanent magnet 17 can be reduced. However, the magnetically conductive material and the Halbach magnet 10 form a static magnetic field force, and the two attract each other. This will cause the screen 20 and the fixing member to approach each other.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is arranged on the lower shell 18, and the maglev permanent magnet 17 repels the driving magnet.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 and the driving magnet form a repulsive force, which can balance the force of the static magnetic field and prevent the screen 20 and the fixing member from approaching each other.
  • a convex structure 19 is formed in the middle of the lower shell 18.
  • the protrusion structure 19 is a strip-shaped protrusion or a dot-shaped protrusion.
  • the coil 16 is fixed on the convex structure 19.
  • the coil 16 is fixed on the convex structure 19 by an adhesive.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is arranged on at least one side of the convex structure 19.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 includes two sets of magnets, and the two sets of magnets are respectively fixed on two sides of the convex structure 19. side.
  • each group of magnets may include only one magnet or multiple magnets.
  • the Halbach magnets 10 are in two groups, and are respectively arranged opposite to the two groups of magnets.
  • the magnetization direction of the maglev permanent magnet 17 is perpendicular to the vibration direction and is the same as the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet close to the lower case 18 to form a repulsive force.
  • the magnetizing direction of the third permanent magnet 15a located in the left row is the same as the magnetizing direction of the maglev permanent magnet 17 located on the left, thereby forming a repulsive force.
  • the magnetizing direction of the third permanent magnet 15b located in the right row is the same as the magnetizing direction of the maglev permanent magnet 17 located on the right, thereby forming a repulsive force.
  • the protruding structure 19 makes the positioning of the coil 16 and the maglev permanent magnet 17 more accurate.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 arranged separately has a smaller overall volume and has less interference with the magnetic field in the gap 24.
  • the lower shell 18 has a sheet-like structure.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is an integral structure.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is an integral sheet structure, and its magnetizing direction is perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is arranged on the lower shell 18.
  • the maglev permanent magnet 17 is fixed on the lower shell 18 by bonding, clamping, or the like.
  • the coil 16 is arranged on the maglev permanent magnet 17.
  • the coil 16 is bonded to the maglev permanent magnet 17 by an adhesive.
  • the two ends of the maglev permanent magnet 17 perpendicular to the vibration direction have the strongest magnetism, and the magnetism of the two ends is the same as that of the corresponding Halbach magnet 10 near the corresponding end to form a repulsive force.
  • the third permanent magnet 15a on the left has an N pole at one end away from the gap 24, and the left end of the maglev permanent magnet 17 has an N pole, thereby forming a repulsive force.
  • the end of the third permanent magnet 15b on the right side away from the gap 24 is an S pole, and the right end of the maglev permanent magnet 17 is an S pole, thereby forming a repulsive force.
  • the integrated magnetic levitation permanent magnet 17 is easier to install.
  • maglev permanent magnet 17 is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and those skilled in the art can make the arrangement according to actual needs.
  • the invention also provides an electronic product.
  • Electronic products can be but not limited to mobile phones, laptops, electronic watches, tablet computers, walkie-talkies, etc.
  • the electronic product includes the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention and the product body.
  • the screen 20 is arranged on the product body and used as a display screen of an electronic product.
  • the screen 20 can be arranged in a form such that one end is rotatably connected to the product body and the other end is freely movable; or, the screen 20 can also be made of a material with good elastic deformation ability, and the screen 20 is fixedly connected to the other with one end.
  • the fixed part and the other end are arranged in a freely movable form. In this way, the screen 20 can vibrate relative to the product body.
  • a part of the structure of the product body can be used as the fixing member, and the drive assembly is arranged in the product body.
  • the protective shell 11 and the Halbach magnet 10 are fixedly arranged on the screen 20, and the coil 16 is fixedly arranged on a part of the product body equivalent to a fixing member.
  • the ampere force generated by the driving component can drive the screen 20 to vibrate and produce sound. Because the electronic product provided by the present invention adopts the vibration and sound device provided by the present invention, it occupies less space in the thickness direction of the electronic product parallel to the screen 20, which is more conducive to the design of the electronic product thinner and meets the needs of electronic products. Lightweight design requirements.
  • the fixing member may be a structure such as a middle frame 21, a PCB, a side wall and the like in the product body.
  • the main body of the product in order to install other electronic devices, the main body of the product is often equipped with structural components such as partitions and middle frame 21.
  • a back cover 22 is provided on the side of the middle frame 21 opposite to the screen.
  • These structural components have good structural stability in electronic products. On the one hand, they are used for case electronic devices, and on the other hand, they are used to protect electronic devices. Therefore, using such structural parts in the main body of the product as the fixing parts can increase the conversion rate of ampere force into vibration and improve the reliability of vibration.
  • the inner surface of the side wall of the product body can also serve as the fixing member.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种振动发声装置以及电子产品。该装置包括屏幕、固定件和驱动组件；所述屏幕被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈、至少一个磁浮永磁体和至少一块驱动磁体，所述线圈、所述磁浮永磁体均与所述固定件固定连接，所述驱动磁体与所述屏幕固定连接，所述磁浮永磁体与所述驱动磁体之间形成斥力；所述线圈穿过所述驱动磁体产生的磁场。

Description

振动发声装置以及电子产品 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种振动发声装置以及电子产品。
背景技术
发声装置是电子产品中重要的电声换能元件，用于将电流信号转换成声音。近年来随着电子产品的快速发展，应用于电子产品上的发声装置也相应的得到改进。
传统的用于手机听筒的发声装置采用的原理为振膜推动空气振动发声。近期，随着全面屏成为手机的主要发展方向，如何在屏幕无开孔设计下实现听筒功能，同时具备更好的听感体验，是当前面临的技术难题。对此，本领域技术人员开发了采用屏幕振动发声的技术方案。
本领域技术人员采用的一种技术方案如图1所示，该技术方案采用一个电磁铁02和一个磁体03相对放置的结构分布方式，通过打开、关闭电磁铁02，或者切换电磁铁02的磁极，使得电磁铁02与磁体03之间产生变化的吸附、排斥作用。再将磁体03固定在手机屏幕01上，电磁铁02固定在手机中不动的部件上，从而能够使手机屏幕01产生振动。
在这种技术方案中，假定垂直方向位移是x，两磁体之间是吸引力，第一磁体和第二磁体之间有一个和位移相关的作用力F(x)。屏幕自身刚度的回复力为F(kmsx)，此时存在力平衡的状态
Figure PCTCN2019129751-appb-000001
在其电磁铁02的线圈通电后，两磁铁之间的磁场被扰动，因此电磁铁02与磁体03之间的作用力被打破平衡，例如：由于电流增强吸力的同向磁场，因此两个磁铁会有一个相互接近的趋势，同时屏幕会有一个反向的回复力，以及运动过程中一个阻尼力，因此运动方程是：
Figure PCTCN2019129751-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019129751-appb-000003
其中B为等效磁感应强度，H为等效磁场强度，S为两永磁体之间相互作用的等效面积。
但是，这种技术方案同样存在占用空间较大的问题，不利于手机轻薄化的结构设计。在为了使手机屏幕01产生足够大的振幅的前提下，两个磁铁之间需要留出足够的空间，否则会造成磁铁与电磁铁02之间发生碰撞，严重影响屏幕发声的声学性能。为此，必然会在手机的厚度方向占用更多空间。
此外，磁体会对金属壳体或磁性部件产生吸力，影响性能。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种振动发声装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种振动发声装置。该装置包括
包括外壳、固定件和驱动组件；
所述外壳的至少局部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；
所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈、至少一个磁浮永磁体和至少一块驱动磁体，所述线圈、所述磁浮永磁体均与所述固定件固定连接，所述驱动磁体与所述外壳固定连接，或者所述线圈、所述磁浮永磁体均与所述外壳固定连接，所述驱动磁体与所述固定件固定连接，所述磁浮永磁体与所述驱动磁体之间形成斥力；
所述线圈位于所述驱动磁体的侧部，所述线圈穿过所述驱动磁体产生的磁场。
可选地，还包括下壳，所述线圈和所述磁浮永磁体固定连接在所述下壳上，所述下壳与所述固定件固定连接。
可选地，所述驱动磁体采用海尔贝克磁体。
可选地，所述海尔贝克磁体至少为两组，相邻两组海尔贝克磁体之间形成间隙，所述间隙为所述海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强区域，所述线圈位于所述间隙内，所述走线区域穿过所述海尔贝克磁体产生的磁场。
可选地，所述驱动组件还包括保护壳，所述驱动磁体通过所述保护壳与所述外壳的用于振动的部分固定连接。
可选地，所述保护壳包括侧边，在与所述侧边相邻的两组所述海尔贝克磁体的远离间隙的一侧设置有导磁板。
可选地，每组海尔贝克磁体包括沿振动方向布置的三块永磁体，位于两端的永磁体的充磁方向垂直于振动方向，且充磁方向相反，位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向平行于振动方向；相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的位于振动方向的两端的永磁体的充磁方向相同，位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向相反。
可选地，所述线圈的中间具有通孔，所述通孔周围为线圈的走线区域，所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第一走线区域和一段远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述外壳的用于振动的部分的表面；
相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的永磁体之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的永磁体之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
可选地，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一个线圈设置两块所述驱动磁体，在两块所述驱动磁体之间形成所述间隙，所述线圈的两个环形端面分别朝向两块所述驱动磁体，两块所述驱动磁体之间形成磁场。
可选地，其中一块所述驱动磁体的磁极方向为：N极靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分，S极远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分；
另一块所述驱动磁体的磁极方向为：N极远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分，S极靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分；
所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第一走线区域和一段远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述外壳的用于振动的部分的表面；
两块所述驱动磁体的靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；两块所述驱动磁体的远离所述外 壳的用于振动的部分的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
可选地，所述下壳的中部形成凸起结构，所述线圈被固定在所述凸起结构上，所述磁浮永磁体设于所述凸起结构的至少一侧，所述海尔贝克磁体与两组所述磁浮永磁体相对设置；或者
所述下壳为片状结构所述磁浮永磁体被设置在所述下壳上，所述线圈被设置在所述磁浮永磁体上。
可选地，所述下壳中为导磁材料。
可选地，所述外壳的用于振动的部分为屏幕或者与所述屏幕相对的后盖。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种电子产品。该产品包括：上述的振动发声装置；
产品主体，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
可选地，所述固定件为所述产品主体的中框、PCB或侧壁。
根据本公开的一个实施例，该振动发声装置的性能良好。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是现有技术中一种屏幕发声技术方案的侧面剖视图。
图2是本发明提供的振动发声装置的驱动组件的爆炸图。
图3是本发明提供的一种振动发声装置的侧面剖视图。
图4是本发明提供的另一种振动发声装置的侧面剖视示意图
图5是本发明提供的一种振动发声装置的另一个角度的侧面剖视图。
图6是本发明提供的未设置保护盖的振动发声装置的轴侧图。
图7是本发明提供的一种电子产品的侧面剖视图。
图8是本发明提供的一种电子产品的局部放大图。
图9是本发明提供的另一种电子产品的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种振动发声装置。该发声装置包括振动组件和驱动组件。如图2、3所示，所述振动组件包括外壳和固定件。所述外壳的至少局部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动。所述外壳具有足够大的振动面积。例如，外壳的用于振动的部分为屏幕20或者与所述屏幕20相对的后盖22。下面以屏幕20为例进行说明。所述固定件可以是该发声装置所应用的电子产品中的某一固定部件，也可以是单独配置的固定的零件。
如图8-9所示，所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈16、至少一个磁浮永磁体17和至少一块驱动磁体。如图5所示，所述线圈16由导线沿一个方向绕制呈封闭的环形结构。所述线圈16的中间具有通孔。所述通孔周围为线圈16的走线区域。所述走线区域指的是线圈16中的引线实际经过的区域，整个走线区域呈环状。
所述线圈16、所述磁浮永磁体17均与所述固定件固定连接。例如，线圈16、所述磁浮永磁体17直接与固定件固定连接，或者通过其他的部 件(例如，下壳)与固定件间接地固定连接。所述驱动磁体固定在所述保护壳11内。驱动组件还包括保护壳11。优选地，所述保护壳11为导磁材料，例如，低碳钢、SPCC等。导磁材料的保护壳11能有效地减少漏磁。所述保护壳11与所述屏幕20固定连接。所述磁浮永磁体17与所述驱动磁体之间形成斥力。
线圈16在通电过程中，会不断发热。如果将线圈16与屏幕20固定连接，则热量容易对屏幕20造成损伤。在该例子中，线圈16与固定件固定连接而不是与屏幕20连接，能有效地避免线圈16的发热对屏幕20造成损伤。在其他示例中，所述海尔贝克磁体与所述固定件固定连接，所述线圈与所述外壳固定连接。
呈封闭环状的线圈16自身具有轴线，在本发明的实施方式中，所述线圈16的轴线平行于所述屏幕20的表面，如图8所示，所述线圈16所在平面与所述屏幕垂直。如图3所示，所述保护壳11具有开口端23。所述线圈16从所述开口端23伸入所述保护壳11内，从而使得所述线圈则位于所述驱动磁体的侧部，线圈16的环形端面朝向所述驱动磁体，线圈16的轴线和屏幕20的表面均为水平姿态。
所述线圈16的走线区域包括了靠近所述屏幕20的第一走线区域16a，以及远离所述屏幕20的第二走线区域16b。所述第一走线区域16a和第二走线区域16b的走线方向平行于所述屏幕20的表面，在该例子中，线圈16沿着纸面向里和向外走线的形式。所述驱动磁体能够产生磁场，上述第一走线区域16a和第二走线区域16b至少其中之一要穿过所述驱动磁体产生的磁场。这样，当线圈16中通入交变的电流信号后，线圈16与驱动磁体之间能够产生安培力。通电的走线区域穿过磁场，能够产生安培力。由于线圈16设置在所述驱动磁体的侧部，因此驱动磁体产生的一部分磁场能够以平行于屏幕20的表面的方向穿过线圈16，进而产生方向垂直于所述屏幕20的表面的安培力。
由于线圈16和驱动磁体分别设置在固定件和屏幕20上，而线圈16内通入的电流信号为交变的信号，因此所产生的安培力的方向也是交替反向变化的。安培力能够通过驱动组件直接传递到屏幕20上。保护壳11受 到安培力后能够直接带动屏幕20。上述安培力会使屏幕20与固定件之间产生相对位移，进而使屏幕20相对于固定件振动发声。
本发明提供的振动发声装置相对于现有技术，一方面能够直接驱动外壳的至少局部(例如，屏幕20或后盖22)外壳振动。
另一方面，能够更好的保护外壳的至少局部(例如，屏幕20或后盖22)外壳，降低外壳受损的风险。以图8所示的实施方式为例，线圈16和驱动磁体分别设置于固定件和外壳上，直接对外壳形成驱动，保证了高效的振动传递效率。将驱动组件与振动组件直接连接的直接驱动方式简化了驱动外壳振动的原理，外壳在受到安培力后能够直接产生振动。这种设计方式有效提高了振动转化效率，无需通过振子振动引发共振进而带动外壳振动。此设计使得外壳所能产生的振幅与驱动组件所能产生的振幅基本一致，可以根据对外壳振幅的性能要求设计预留给驱动组件的空间。无需为驱动组件预留明显大于外壳最大振幅的振动空间。
另一方面，磁浮永磁体17与驱动磁体之间形成斥力，磁浮永磁体17能够产生定心阻尼，防止驱动磁体振动偏移，并且提高了瞬态响应。在断电后，驱动磁体在磁浮永磁体17的斥力作用下，能迅速停止振动。
另一方面，磁浮永磁体17起到缓冲作用，缓冲外壳受到的冲击力，从而防止外壳被频繁变换的安培力损伤。
另一方面，在本发明提供的振动发声装置中，在保护壳11与固定件之间不需要设置弹片，节省了材料用量。
优选地，如图8所示，所述驱动组件配置成对应于一个线圈16设置两块驱动磁体25的形式。两块驱动磁体25沿着所述线圈16的轴线方向分别位于所述线圈16的两侧，所述线圈16夹在两块所述驱动磁体25之间，所述线圈16的两个环形端面分别朝向两块所述驱动磁体25。两块所述驱动磁体25之间形成磁场，线圈16的第一走线区域16a和第二走线区域16b能够穿过上述磁场，从而在驱动磁体25与线圈16之间产生安培力。采用两块驱动磁体25产生的磁场稳定性、对称性、磁场强度更好，使得线圈16与驱动磁体25之间产生的安培力更强、安培力的方向不易出现倾斜等问题，使得屏幕20的振动效果更稳定。而且，通过设置两块驱动磁体25， 两块驱动磁体25之间形成的磁场相对于一块驱动磁体25在靠近线圈16一侧形成的磁场更集中、磁场强度更强，有效利用的驱动磁体25产生的磁场。
优选地，如图2-4所示，驱动磁体采用海尔贝克磁体。海尔贝克磁体包括多块永磁体，多块永磁体以阵列形式排布，以在设定位置形成磁场增强区域。例如，磁场增强区域位于充磁方向垂直于振动方向的永磁体的侧部。海尔贝克磁体使得安培力更大。例如，海尔贝克磁体为一组。振动方向为竖直方向，则在该组海尔贝克磁体的水平充磁的永磁体相对的两侧形成磁场增强区域。线圈16为一个，并且位于海尔贝克磁体的一侧；或者是线圈16为两个，并且分别位于海尔贝克磁体的两侧。
在一个例子中，海尔贝克磁体10为至少两组。例如，可以是2组、3组、4组等。每组海尔贝克磁体沿振动方向排列。相邻两组的海尔贝克磁体之间形成间隙24。在每个间隙24内设置有一个线圈16。当线圈16为多个时，驱动组件的驱动力更大。所述间隙24为所述海尔贝克磁体10的磁场增强区域，所述线圈16位于所述间隙24内，所述走线区域穿过所述海尔贝克磁体10产生的磁场。在如图3、4所示的实施方式中是沿着纸面向里和向外走线的形式。所述海尔贝克磁体10能够产生磁场，上述第一走线区域和第二走线区域至少其中之一要穿过所述海尔贝克磁体10产生的磁场。这样，当线圈16中通入交变的电流信号后，线圈16与海尔贝克磁体10之间能够产生安培力。通电的走线区域穿过磁场，能够产生安培力。由于线圈16位于海尔贝克磁体10形成的间隙24内，因此，海尔贝克磁体10产生的至少一部分磁场能够以平行于屏幕20的表面的方向穿过线圈16，进而产生方向垂直于所述屏幕20的表面的安培力。
在该例子中，海尔贝克磁体10形成至少两组，两组之间的间隙24为磁场增强区域，线圈16位于间隙24内。相比于在单组设置磁体，这种设置方式使得磁场更强、更均衡，线圈16受到的安培力能够更大、更平衡，振动组件的振动更平稳，更强烈，起振速度更快。
优选地，如图2所示，每组海尔贝克磁体包括沿振动方向布置的三块永磁体，分别计为第一永磁体13、第二永磁体14和第三永磁体15。两组海尔贝克磁体之间形成间隙24。位于两端的永磁体的充磁方向垂直于振动 方向，且充磁方向相反；位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向平行于振动方向。振动方向即振动组件振动时的方向。相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的位于振动方向的两端的永磁体的充磁方向相同，位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向相反。
例如，如图3-4所示，位于左排的第一永磁体13a(远离间隙24的一端为S极，靠近间隙24的一端为N极)与位于左排的第三永磁体15a(远离间隙24的一端为N极，靠近间隙24的一端为S极)的充磁方向垂直于振动方向，并且二者的充磁方向相反。位于左排的第一永磁体13a(远离间隙24的一端为S极，靠近间隙24的一端为N极)与位于右排的第一永磁体13b(远离间隙24的一端为N极，靠近间隙24的一端为S极)相对应，二者的充磁方向相同。位于左排的第二永磁体14a(靠近开口端23的一端为S极，远离开口端23的一端为N极)与位于右排的第二永磁体14b(靠近开口端23的一端为N极，远离开口端23的一端为S极)相对应，二者的充磁方向平行于振动方向，并且充磁方向相反。位于左排的第三永磁体15a(远离间隙24的一端为N极，靠近间隙24的一端为S极)与位于右排的第三永磁体15b(远离间隙24的一端为S极，靠近间隙24的一端为N极)相对应，二者的充磁方向垂直于振动方向，并且充磁方向相同。
在该例子中，在相邻的两组海尔贝克磁体之间形成的间隙24内的磁场强度最大。振动组件的驱动力最大，起振速度快。
当然，每组的永磁体不限于3个，还可以是更多个。每组海尔贝克磁体位于两端的永磁体的充磁方向垂直于振动方向，并且充磁方向相反；位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向平行于振动方向，并且各个永磁体的磁场相互呈顺磁性衔接，即相邻的永磁体的N极与S极相对。通过这种方式，间隙24内的磁场强度能够更大。
当然，海尔贝克磁体不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行选择。
优选地，海尔贝克磁体10的主体方向平行于线圈16的长边。主体方向即海尔贝克磁体10的最长的边的延伸方向。如图5所示，线圈16的长边为线圈16的长度最长的边。这种设置方式，海尔贝克磁体10与线圈16的有效作用区域最大，二者之间形成的安培力最大。
在其他示例中，海尔贝克磁体10不限于上述结构，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置。
优选地，如图2-4所示，所述海尔贝克磁体10为至少两组。在与所述保护壳的侧边相邻的两组海尔贝克磁体的远离间隙24的一侧设置有导磁板12。即最外侧的两组海尔贝克磁体的远离间隙的一侧设置有导磁板12。导磁板12为导磁材料，例如，低碳钢、SPCC等。导磁板12能够聚拢磁感线，减少漏磁的发生，进一步提高间隙24内的磁场强度。
优选地，如图3-4所示，相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的靠近所述屏幕20的永磁体(例如，第一永磁体13a,13b)之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；两组海尔贝克磁体的远离所述屏幕20的永磁体(例如，第三永磁体15a,15b)之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。在该例子中，两个走线区域分别穿过不同位置的磁场。这使得振动组件的驱动力显著提高。
优选地，如图2-5所示，驱动组件还包括下壳18。所述线圈16被固定在所述下壳18上，所述下壳18与所述固定件固定连接，所述保护壳11的与所述下壳18相对的一端是敞开的。下壳18可以根据实际需要设置较大的连接面积，这使得驱动组件与固定件的连接变得容易。
在所述下壳18为导磁材料的条件下，能够减少磁浮永磁体17的漏磁。然而，导磁材料与海尔贝克磁体10形成静磁场力，二者相互吸引。这会导致屏幕20和固定件的相互靠近。所述磁浮永磁体17被设置在所述下壳18上，所述磁浮永磁体17与所述驱动磁体相斥。磁浮永磁体17与驱动磁体形成斥力，该斥力能够平衡静磁场力，阻止屏幕20和固定件的相互靠近。
优选地，所述下壳18的中部形成凸起结构19。凸起结构19为条状凸起或者点状凸起。所述线圈16被固定在所述凸起结构19上。例如，线圈16通过粘结剂固定在凸起结构19上。所述磁浮永磁体17设于所述凸起结构19的至少一侧，在本实施例中，所述磁浮永磁体17包括两组磁铁，两组磁铁分别固定在所述凸起结构19的两侧。例如，每组磁铁可以仅包括一块磁铁，也可以是多块磁铁。所述海尔贝克磁体10为两组，并且分别与两组磁铁相对设置。在该例子中，磁浮永磁体17的充磁方向垂直于振动方向， 并且与靠近下壳18的永磁体的充磁方向相同，以形成斥力。
例如，如图4所示，位于左排的第三永磁体15a的充磁方向与位于左侧的磁浮永磁体17的充磁方向相同，从而形成斥力。位于右排的第三永磁体15b的充磁方向与位于右侧的磁浮永磁体17的充磁方向相同，从而形成斥力。凸起结构19使得线圈16和磁浮永磁体17的定位更准确。分体设置的磁浮永磁体17的整体体积更小，对于间隙24内磁场的干涉更小。
还可以是，如图3所示，所述下壳18为片状结构。所述磁浮永磁体17为一体结构。例如，磁浮永磁体17为整体的片状结构，其充磁方向垂直于振动方向。所述磁浮永磁体17被设置在所述下壳18上。例如，磁浮永磁体17通过粘结、卡接等方式被固定在下壳18上。所述线圈16被设置在所述磁浮永磁体17上。例如，线圈16通过粘结剂粘结在磁浮永磁体17上。磁浮永磁体17的垂直于振动方向的两端的磁性最强，两端的磁性与对应的海尔贝克磁体10靠近相应端的磁性相同，以形成斥力。例如，如图4所示，位于左侧的第三永磁体15a的远离间隙24一端为N极，磁浮永磁体17的左端为N极，从而形成斥力。位于右侧的第三永磁体15b的远离间隙24一端为S极，磁浮永磁体17的右端为S极，从而形成斥力。一体结构的磁浮永磁体17安装更容易。
当然，磁浮永磁体17的设置方式不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置。
本发明还提供了一种电子产品。电子产品可以是但不局限于手机、笔记本电脑、电子手表、平板电脑、对讲机等。
如图7-9所示，该电子产品包括本发明提供的振动发声装置以及产品主体。所述屏幕20设置在所述产品主体上，用作电子产品的显示屏。所述屏幕20可以以一端可旋转的连接在产品主体上、另一端可自由移动的形式设置；或者，也可以采用具有良好弹性形变能力的材料制成屏幕20，屏幕20以一端固定连接在其它固定的部件上、另一端以可自由移动的形式设置。这样，所述屏幕20能够相对于产品主体产生振动。所述产品主体的一部分结构可以作为所述固定件，所述驱动组件则设置在所述产品主体内。例如，所述保护壳11和海尔贝克磁体10固定设置在屏幕20上，所述线圈16则 固定设置在产品主体上相当于固定件的一个部件上。通过驱动组件产生的安培力，能够驱使屏幕20振动发声。本发明提供的电子产品因采用了本发明提供的振动发声装置，因此在电子产品的平行于屏幕20的厚度方向上占用的空间更少，更有利于将电子产品设计的更薄，满足电子产品轻薄化的设计需求。
优选地，所述固定件可以为产品主体内的中框21、PCB、侧壁等结构。在产品主体中，为了安置其它电子器件，产品主体往往配置有隔板、中框21等结构部件。在中框21的与屏幕相背的一侧设置有后盖22。这些结构部件在电子产品中具有良好的结构稳定性，一方面用于案子电子器件，另一方面用于保护电子器件。因此，将产品主体中的这类结构件作为所述固定件，能够提高安培力转化成振动的转化率，提高振动可靠性。产品主体的侧壁的内表面也可以作为所述固定件。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种振动发声装置，其特征在于，包括外壳、固定件和驱动组件；
    所述外壳的至少局部被配置为能相对于所述固定件振动；
    所述驱动组件包括至少一个线圈、至少一个磁浮永磁体和至少一块驱动磁体，所述线圈、所述磁浮永磁体均与所述固定件固定连接，所述驱动磁体与所述外壳固定连接，或者所述线圈、所述磁浮永磁体均与所述外壳固定连接，所述驱动磁体与所述固定件固定连接，所述磁浮永磁体与所述驱动磁体之间形成斥力；
    所述线圈位于所述驱动磁体的侧部，所述线圈穿过所述驱动磁体产生的磁场。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，还包括下壳，所述线圈和所述磁浮永磁体固定连接在所述下壳上，所述下壳与所述固定件固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动磁体采用海尔贝克磁体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述海尔贝克磁体至少为两组，相邻两组海尔贝克磁体之间形成间隙，所述间隙为所述海尔贝克磁体的磁场增强区域，所述线圈位于所述间隙内，所述走线区域穿过所述海尔贝克磁体产生的磁场。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件还包括保护壳，所述驱动磁体通过所述保护壳与所述外壳的用于振动的部分固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述保护壳包 括侧边，在与所述侧边相邻的两组所述海尔贝克磁体的远离间隙的一侧设置有导磁板。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，每组海尔贝克磁体包括沿振动方向布置的三块永磁体，位于两端的永磁体的充磁方向垂直于振动方向，且充磁方向相反，位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向平行于振动方向；相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的位于振动方向的两端的永磁体的充磁方向相同，位于中部的永磁体的充磁方向相反。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述线圈的中间具有通孔，所述通孔周围为线圈的走线区域，所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第一走线区域和一段远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述外壳的用于振动的部分的表面；
    相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的永磁体之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；相邻两组海尔贝克磁体的远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的永磁体之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件配置为对应于一个线圈设置两块所述驱动磁体，在两块所述驱动磁体之间形成所述间隙，所述线圈的两个环形端面分别朝向两块所述驱动磁体，两块所述驱动磁体之间形成磁场。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，其中一块所述驱动磁体的磁极方向为：N极靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分，S极远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分；
    另一块所述驱动磁体的磁极方向为：N极远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分，S极靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分；
    所述走线区域包括一段靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第一走线区域和一段远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的第二走线区域，所述第一走线区域和第二走线区域的走线方向平行于所述外壳的用于振动的部分的表面；
    两块所述驱动磁体的靠近所述外壳的用于振动的部分的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第一走线区域穿过该磁场；两块所述驱动磁体的远离所述外壳的用于振动的部分的磁极之间形成磁场，所述第二走线区域穿过该磁场。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述下壳的中部形成凸起结构，所述线圈被固定在所述凸起结构上，所述磁浮永磁体设于所述凸起结构的至少一侧，所述海尔贝克磁体与两组所述磁浮永磁体相对设置；或者
    所述下壳为片状结构所述磁浮永磁体被设置在所述下壳上，所述线圈被设置在所述磁浮永磁体上。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述下壳中为导磁材料。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的振动发声装置，其特征在于，所述外壳的用于振动的部分为屏幕或者与所述屏幕相对的后盖。
  14. 一种电子产品，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-13任意之一所述的振动发声装置；
    产品主体，所述固定件为所述产品主体的一部分结构，所述驱动组件设置在所述产品主体中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子产品，其特征在于，所述固定件为所述产品主体的中框、PCB或侧壁。
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