WO2018110503A1 - 円偏光板 - Google Patents
円偏光板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018110503A1 WO2018110503A1 PCT/JP2017/044386 JP2017044386W WO2018110503A1 WO 2018110503 A1 WO2018110503 A1 WO 2018110503A1 JP 2017044386 W JP2017044386 W JP 2017044386W WO 2018110503 A1 WO2018110503 A1 WO 2018110503A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polarizing plate
- layer
- polarizer
- retardation layer
- retardation
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/111—Anti-reflection coatings using layers comprising organic materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a circularly polarizing plate.
- a retardation film of a COP resin has a so-called flat wavelength dispersion characteristic in which a retardation value is substantially constant without depending on the wavelength of measurement light.
- a circularly polarizing plate including a retardation film having such flat wavelength dispersion characteristics is used for a display device, there is a problem that an excellent reflection hue cannot be obtained.
- a circularly polarizing plate including a retardation film having a so-called reverse dispersion wavelength dependency (reverse dispersion wavelength characteristic) in which a retardation value increases according to the wavelength of measurement light has been proposed.
- a retardation film having reverse dispersion wavelength characteristics is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
- hue adjustment is particularly difficult.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and a main object thereof is to provide a circularly polarizing plate that is excellent in antireflection characteristics and can be manufactured at low cost.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention is a circularly polarizing plate comprising a polarizer, a retardation layer 20a functioning as a ⁇ / 4 plate, and a colored layer in this order, and the absorption axis of the polarizer and the retardation layer.
- the angle formed with the slow axis of 20a is 35 ° to 55 °, and the degree of polarization of the laminate composed of the polarizer and the colored layer is 99.9% or more.
- the circularly polarizing plate further includes a retardation layer 20b functioning as a ⁇ / 2 plate between the polarizer and the retardation layer 20a functioning as the ⁇ / 4 plate.
- the angle formed between the absorption axis of the polarizer and the retardation layer 20a is 65 ° to 85 °, and the angle formed between the absorption axis of the polarizer and the retardation layer 20b is 10 ° to 20 °.
- the colored layer selectively absorbs light in a specific wavelength range.
- the colored layer has an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength band ranging from 440 nm to 510 nm.
- the colored layer has an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength band ranging from 560 nm to 610 nm.
- the haze value of the colored layer is 15% or less.
- the polarization degree of the polarizer is 99.9% or more.
- Re (450) / Re (550) of the retardation layer 20a functioning as the ⁇ / 4 plate is 0.5 or more and less than 1.0, and the Nz coefficient of the retardation layer 20a Is 0.3 to 0.7.
- the circularly polarizing plate has a low reflection treatment layer on the outermost surface.
- an image display device includes the circularly polarizing plate. In one embodiment, the image display device further includes an image display panel, and the visible light reflectance of the image display panel is 20% or more.
- a circularly polarizing plate having excellent antireflection properties can be obtained by forming a colored layer.
- the circularly-polarizing plate of this invention can radiate
- Refractive index (nx, ny, nz) “Nx” is the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum (ie, the slow axis direction), and “ny” is the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane (ie, the fast axis direction). “Nz” is the refractive index in the thickness direction.
- Refractive index (nx, ny, nz) “Nx” is the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum (ie, the slow axis direction), and “ny” is the direction orthogonal to the slow axis in the plane (ie, the fast axis direction). “Nz” is the refractive index in the thickness direction.
- In-plane retardation (Re) “Re ( ⁇ )” is an in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of ⁇ nm at 23 ° C.
- Re (550) is an in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23 ° C.
- Thickness direction retardation (Rth) is a retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of ⁇ nm at 23 ° C.
- Rth (550) is a retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23 ° C.
- Circularly polarizing plate A-1. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circularly polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the circularly polarizing plate 100 of this embodiment includes a polarizer 10, a retardation layer 20a, and a colored layer 30 in this order.
- the retardation layer 20a can function as a ⁇ / 4 plate.
- the circularly polarizing plate 100 can be used so that the colored layer 30 is on the reflector (for example, an image display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel or an organic EL panel) and the polarizer 10 is on the viewing side.
- the circularly polarizing plate 100 includes a protective film 40 on the surface of the polarizer 10 opposite to the retardation layer 20a.
- the protective film 40 may be omitted depending on the application, the configuration of an image display device including a circularly polarizing plate, and the like.
- the circularly polarizing plate may include another protective film (also referred to as an inner protective film: not shown) between the polarizer and the retardation layer.
- the inner protective film is omitted.
- the retardation layer 20a can also function as an inner protective film. With such a configuration, the circularly polarizing plate can be further reduced in thickness.
- the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer 10 and the slow axis of the retardation layer 20a is 35 ° to 55 °, preferably 38 ° to 52 °, more preferably 40 ° to It is 50 °, more preferably 42 ° to 48 °, and particularly preferably 44 ° to 46 °. If the angle is in such a range, a desired circular polarization function can be realized. Note that when an angle is referred to in this specification, the angle includes both clockwise and counterclockwise angles unless otherwise specified.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention is typically disposed on the viewing side of the image display device and can function as an antireflection film.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention includes a colored layer, and exhibits an excellent antireflection function when the colored layer absorbs light of a specific wavelength. Even when the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention is applied to a reflector having a high reflectance (for example, a reflectance of 15% or more), the reflected light from the reflector can be sufficiently blocked. Further, by selectively absorbing light in a specific wavelength range by the colored layer, it is possible to appropriately adjust the reflected hue and obtain a polarizing plate that can contribute to widening the color gamut of the image display device. Yes (details are described later). Note that the wavelength of light that the colored layer absorbs is appropriately adjusted according to the reflection characteristics of the reflector to which the circularly polarizing plate is applied (for example, an image display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel or an organic EL panel). Can be done.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circularly polarizing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the circularly polarizing plate 100 ′ further includes another retardation layer 20 b between the polarizer 10 and the retardation layer 20 a ( ⁇ / 4 plate).
- Another retardation layer 20b functions as a ⁇ / 2 plate.
- the retardation layer 20a ( ⁇ / 4 plate) is referred to as a first retardation layer
- another retardation layer 20b ( ⁇ / 2 plate) is referred to as a second retardation layer.
- the illustrated circularly polarizing plate 100 ′ includes a protective film 30 on the opposite side of the polarizer 10 from the other retardation layer 20 b.
- the circularly polarizing plate may include another protective film (also referred to as an inner protective film: not shown) between the polarizer and the retardation layer.
- another protective film also referred to as an inner protective film: not shown
- the inner protective film is omitted.
- another retardation layer (second retardation layer) 20b can also function as an inner protective film.
- the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer 10 and the slow axis of the first retardation layer 20a is preferably 65 ° to 85 °, more preferably 72 ° to 78 °. More preferably, it is about 75 °.
- the angle formed between the absorption axis of the polarizer 10 and the slow axis of the second retardation layer 20b is preferably 10 ° to 20 °, more preferably 13 ° to 17 °, and still more preferably. About 15 °.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention has no retardation layer other than the retardation layer that can function as a ⁇ / 4 plate and the retardation that can function as a ⁇ / 2 plate. Since the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention can have an excellent antireflection function, hue adjustment function, and wide color gamut function without providing other retardation layers, it can be manufactured at low cost.
- the degree of polarization of the laminate x composed of the polarizer and the colored layer is 99.9% or more, preferably 99.95% or more, more preferably 99.99% or more.
- the laminate x is obtained by preparing a polarizer and a colored layer similar to the polarizer and the colored layer constituting the circularly polarizing plate and laminating them.
- the laminate x may have other layers (for example, a protective film) that do not affect the degree of polarization.
- a protective film for example, a protective film
- a circularly polarizing plate that exhibits an excellent antireflection function can be obtained.
- the upper limit value of the polarization degree of the laminate x is, for example, 99.999%. A method for measuring the degree of polarization of the laminate x will be described later.
- the circularly polarizing plate is subjected to a low reflection treatment on the outermost surface (for example, a surface on the viewing side) and has a low reflection treatment layer on the outer bond surface.
- a low reflection treatment thin film is formed by wet process (wet method) such as coating of antireflective film or coating with low refractive index resin such as fluorine or hollow silica.
- wet method such as coating of antireflective film or coating with low refractive index resin such as fluorine or hollow silica.
- a multilayer antireflection film obtained by combining a method for forming (for example, patent document: JP-A-2013-64934) and a dry process and a wet process (wet method) such as coating or coating. : JP-A-2002-243906).
- the polarizer may be an absorption type, a reflection type, or a combination of an absorption type and a reflection type.
- dichroic substances such as iodine and dichroic dyes are adsorbed on hydrophilic polymer films such as polyvinyl alcohol films, partially formalized polyvinyl alcohol films, and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer partially saponified films.
- polyene-based oriented films such as a uniaxially stretched product, a polyvinyl alcohol dehydrated product and a polyvinyl chloride dehydrochlorinated product.
- a polarizer obtained by adsorbing a dichroic substance such as iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol film and uniaxially stretching is particularly preferable because of its high polarization dichroic ratio.
- the thickness of the polarizer is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m.
- a uniaxially stretched polarizer by adsorbing iodine to a polyvinyl alcohol film is typically produced by immersing polyvinyl alcohol in an aqueous solution of iodine and stretching it 3 to 7 times the original length.
- the Stretching may be performed after dyeing, may be performed while dyeing, or may be performed after stretching.
- treatments such as swelling, crosslinking, adjustment, washing with water, and drying are performed.
- by immersing a polyvinyl alcohol film in water and washing it before dyeing not only can the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol film be cleaned and anti-blocking agents can be washed, but the polyvinyl alcohol film can be swollen and dyed.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based film may be a single-layer film (ordinary film-formed film) or may be a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer applied and formed on a resin base material.
- Techniques for making polarizers from single-layer polyvinyl alcohol-based films are well known in the art. A technique for producing a polarizer from a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer formed by coating on a resin substrate is described, for example, in JP-A-2009-098653.
- the polarizer preferably exhibits absorption dichroism at any wavelength between 380 nm and 780 nm.
- the single transmittance of the polarizer is preferably 38% to 45.5%, more preferably 40% to 45%.
- the polarization degree of the polarizer is preferably 99.9% or more, more preferably 99.95% or more. If it is such a range, a desired circularly polarizing function will be exhibited and the circularly-polarizing plate which is excellent in the antireflection characteristic can be obtained.
- any appropriate film is used as the protective film.
- the material that is the main component of such a film include cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), (meth) acrylic, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyamide, and polyimide.
- transparent resins such as polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polystyrene, polynorbornene, polyolefin, and acetate.
- thermosetting resins such as acrylic, urethane, acrylic urethane, epoxy, and silicone, or ultraviolet curable resins are also included.
- a glassy polymer such as a siloxane polymer is also included.
- a polymer film described in JP-A-2001-343529 (WO01 / 37007) can also be used.
- a resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted imide group in the side chain and a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and nitrile group in the side chain for example, a resin composition having an alternating copolymer of isobutene and N-methylmaleimide and an acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer can be mentioned.
- the polymer film may be an extruded product of the resin composition, for example.
- Any appropriate pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer is used for laminating the polarizer and the protective film.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is typically formed of an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the adhesive layer is typically formed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive.
- the first retardation layer (retardation layer functioning as a ⁇ / 4 plate) As described above, the first retardation layer can function as a ⁇ / 4 plate.
- the in-plane retardation Re (550) of the first retardation layer is 100 nm to 180 nm, preferably 110 nm to 170 nm, more preferably 120 nm to 160 nm, and particularly preferably 135 nm to 155 nm. is there.
- the Nz coefficient of the first retardation layer is, for example, 0.9 to 2, preferably 1 to 1.5, and more preferably 1 to 1.3.
- the thickness of the first retardation layer can be set so as to function most appropriately as a ⁇ / 4 plate. In other words, the thickness can be set so as to obtain a desired in-plane retardation. Specifically, the thickness is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, and most preferably 30 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the first retardation layer may exhibit a reverse dispersion wavelength characteristic in which the retardation value increases according to the wavelength of the measurement light, and has a positive chromatic dispersion characteristic in which the retardation value decreases according to the wavelength of the measurement light. It may also be possible to show a flat chromatic dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference value hardly changes depending on the wavelength of the measurement light.
- the first retardation layer exhibits a flat wavelength dispersion characteristic.
- the circularly-polarizing plate of this invention can implement
- a circularly polarizing plate using the first retardation layer exhibiting flat wavelength dispersion characteristics is advantageous in terms of cost.
- Re (450) / Re (550) of the first retardation layer is preferably 0.99 to 1.03, and Re (650) / Re (550) is preferably 0.98 to 1.02.
- the first retardation layer exhibits reverse dispersion wavelength characteristics.
- the reflected hue can be improved in the front direction.
- the first retardation layer exhibiting reverse dispersion wavelength characteristics it is possible to improve other characteristics (for example, luminance) while maintaining a practical reflection hue.
- Re (450) / Re (550) of the first retardation layer is preferably 0.5 or more and less than 1.0, and more preferably 0.7 to 0.95.
- Re (650) / Re (550) of the first retardation layer is preferably more than 1 and 1.2 or less, more preferably 1.01 to 1.15.
- the Nz coefficient of the first retardation layer is preferably 0.3 to 0.7, more preferably 0.4 to 0.6, and further preferably 0.45 to 0.00. 55, particularly preferably about 0.5. If the Nz coefficient is in such a range, a better reflection hue can be achieved.
- the ⁇ / 4 plate is preferably a stretched polymer film.
- a ⁇ / 4 plate can be obtained by appropriately selecting the type of polymer and the stretching treatment (for example, stretching method, stretching temperature, stretching ratio, stretching direction).
- any appropriate resin is used as the resin for forming the polymer film.
- resins constituting positive birefringent films such as cycloolefin resins such as polynorbornene, polycarbonate resins, cellulose resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polysulfone resins, and the like. Of these, norbornene resins and polycarbonate resins are preferable.
- the details of the resin forming the polymer film are described in, for example, JP-A-2014-010291. The description is incorporated herein by reference.
- the polynorbornene refers to a (co) polymer obtained by using a norbornene-based monomer having a norbornene ring as a part or all of a starting material (monomer).
- Examples of the norbornene-based monomer include norbornene and alkyl and / or alkylidene substituted products thereof such as 5-methyl-2-norbornene, 5-dimethyl-2-norbornene, 5-ethyl-2-norbornene, and 5-butyl.
- polar group-substituted products such as halogens; dicyclopentadiene, 2,3-dihydrodicyclopentadiene, etc .; dimethanooctahydronaphthalene, its alkyl and / or alkylidene Substituents and polar group substituents such as halogen such as 6-methyl-1,4: 5,8-dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 6- Ethyl-1,4: 5,8-dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-oct Hydronaphthalene, 6-ethylidene-1,4: 5,8-dimethano-1,4,4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 6-chloro-1,4: 5,8-dimethan
- polynorbornene Various products are commercially available as the polynorbornene. Specific examples include trade names “ZEONEX” and “ZEONOR” manufactured by ZEON CORPORATION, “Arton” manufactured by JSR, “TOPAS” trade name manufactured by TICONA, and trade names manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. “APEL” may be mentioned.
- an aromatic polycarbonate is preferably used as the polycarbonate resin.
- the aromatic polycarbonate can be typically obtained by a reaction between a carbonate precursor and an aromatic dihydric phenol compound.
- Specific examples of the carbonate precursor include phosgene, bischloroformate of dihydric phenols, diphenyl carbonate, di-p-tolyl carbonate, phenyl-p-tolyl carbonate, di-p-chlorophenyl carbonate, dinaphthyl carbonate and the like. Can be mentioned. Among these, phosgene and diphenyl carbonate are preferable.
- aromatic dihydric phenol compounds include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) propane, and bis (4-hydroxyphenyl).
- Methane 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) butane, 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dipropylphenyl) propane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethyl And cyclohexane. You may use these individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane are used.
- 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane are used.
- stretching method examples include lateral uniaxial stretching, fixed-end biaxial stretching, and sequential biaxial stretching.
- a specific example of the fixed-end biaxial stretching includes a method of stretching a polymer film in the short direction (lateral direction) while running in the longitudinal direction. This method can be apparently lateral uniaxial stretching.
- oblique stretching can be employed. By adopting oblique stretching, a long stretched film having an orientation axis (slow axis) at a predetermined angle with respect to the width direction can be obtained.
- the thickness of the stretched film is typically 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, preferably 15 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, and more preferably 25 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m.
- Second retardation layer (retardation layer functioning as a ⁇ / 4 plate) As described above, the second retardation layer can function as a ⁇ / 2 plate.
- the in-plane retardation Re (550) of the second retardation layer is preferably 180 to 300 nm, more preferably 210 to 280 nm, and most preferably 230 to 240 nm.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation layer is, for example, 0.9 to 2, preferably 1 to 1.5, and more preferably 1 to 1.3.
- the thickness of the second retardation layer can be set so as to function most appropriately as a ⁇ / 2 plate.
- the thickness can be set so as to obtain a desired in-plane retardation.
- the thickness is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m, and most preferably 1.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- any appropriate material can be adopted as long as the above characteristics are obtained.
- a liquid crystal material is preferable, and a liquid crystal material (nematic liquid crystal) in which the liquid crystal phase is a nematic phase is more preferable.
- the difference between nx and ny of the obtained second retardation layer can be significantly increased as compared with the non-liquid crystal material.
- the thickness of the second retardation layer for obtaining a desired in-plane retardation can be significantly reduced.
- a liquid crystal material for example, a liquid crystal polymer or a liquid crystal monomer can be used.
- the liquid crystal material may exhibit a liquid crystallinity mechanism either lyotropic or thermotropic.
- the alignment state of the liquid crystal is preferably homogeneous alignment.
- you may use resin which forms the said polymer film as a material of a 2nd phase difference layer.
- the second retardation layer may exhibit a reverse dispersion wavelength characteristic in which the retardation value increases according to the wavelength of the measurement light, and has a positive chromatic dispersion characteristic in which the retardation value decreases according to the wavelength of the measurement light. It may also be possible to show a flat chromatic dispersion characteristic in which the phase difference value hardly changes depending on the wavelength of the measurement light. It is preferable to exhibit a flat wavelength dispersion characteristic.
- Re (450) / Re (550) of the retardation layer is preferably from 0.99 to 1.03, and Re (650) / Re (550) is preferably from 0.98 to 1.02.
- the colored layer contains any appropriate one or more colorants. Typically, in the colored layer, the color material is present in the matrix.
- the colored layer selectively absorbs light in a specific wavelength range (that is, has an absorption maximum wavelength in the wavelength range of the specific range).
- the colored layer functions to absorb all wavelengths in the visible light region.
- the colored layer selectively absorbs light in a specific wavelength range. If the colored layer is configured to selectively absorb light in a specific wavelength range, the antireflection function can be enhanced while suppressing a decrease in visible light transmittance (that is, a decrease in luminance). Further, by adjusting the wavelength of the absorbed light, the reflection hue can be made neutral, and a circularly polarizing plate with less coloring can be obtained.
- the colored layer has an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength band ranging from 440 nm to 510 nm. If such a colored layer is formed, it is possible to appropriately adjust the reflection hue and obtain a circularly polarizing plate with less coloring.
- the colored layer has an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength band ranging from 560 nm to 610 nm. If such a colored layer is formed, it is possible to appropriately adjust the reflection hue and obtain a circularly polarizing plate with less coloring.
- the colored layer has an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength range of 440 nm to 510 nm and 560 nm to 610 nm.
- the image display device can have a wide color gamut, and a bright and vivid image quality can be obtained. According to the present invention, it is possible to significantly widen the color gamut of an image display device without using expensive technologies (organic EL technology, quantum dot technology).
- the liquid crystal display panel with the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention, a wide color gamut equivalent to (or equivalent to) an image display device configured by organic EL technology or quantum dot technology can be realized at low cost.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention can be combined with organic EL technology, quantum dot technology, and the like to further widen the color gamut.
- a colored layer having two or more absorption maximum wavelengths can be obtained by using a plurality of types of color materials.
- the transmittance of the colored layer at the absorption maximum wavelength is preferably 0% to 80%, more preferably 0% to 70%. If it is such a range, the said effect of this invention will become more remarkable.
- the visible light transmittance of the colored layer is preferably 30% to 90%, more preferably 30% to 80%. If it is such a range, the circularly-polarizing plate which can exhibit an antireflection function can be obtained, suppressing a brightness fall.
- the haze value of the colored layer is preferably 15% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and further preferably 5% or less. By keeping the haze value of the colored layer within such a range, depolarization of the circularly polarized light transmitted through the first retardation layer (and the second retardation layer) is prevented, and as a result, excellent antireflection is achieved. A circularly polarizing plate having characteristics can be obtained.
- the haze value of the colored layer is preferably as small as possible, but the lower limit is, for example, 0.1%.
- the thickness of the colored layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- color materials Specific examples of the above color materials include anthraquinone, triphenylmethane, naphthoquinone, thioindigo, perinone, perylene, squarylium, cyanine, porphyrin, azaporphyrin, phthalocyanine, subphthalocyanine Quinizarin, polymethine, rhodamine, oxonol, quinone, azo, xanthene, azomethine, quinacridone, dioxazine, diketopyrrolopyrrole, anthrapyridone, isoindolinone, indanthrone , Indigo, thioindigo, quinophthalone, quinoline, triphenylmethane and the like.
- an anthraquinone, oxime, naphthoquinone, quinizarin, oxonol, azo, xanthene, or phthalocyanine dye is used as a colorant. If these dyes are used, a colored layer having an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength range of 440 nm to 510 nm can be formed.
- a coloring layer having an absorption maximum wavelength in the above range is, for example, an indigo-type, rhodamine-type, quinacridone-type, or porphyrin-type dye. If these dyes are used, a colored layer having an absorption maximum wavelength in a wavelength range of 560 nm to 610 nm can be formed.
- a pigment may be used as the color material.
- the pigment include, for example, black pigments (carbon black, bone black, graphite, iron black, titanium black, etc.), azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, polycyclic pigments (quinacridone, perylene, perinone, Isoindolinone, isoindoline, dioxazine, thioindigo, anthraquinone, quinophthalone, metal complex, diketopyrrolopyrrole, dye lake pigments, white and extender pigments (titanium oxide, zinc oxide, sulfide) Zinc, clay, talc, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, etc.), chromatic pigments (yellow lead, cadmium, chrome vermilion, nickel titanium, chrome titanium, yellow iron oxide, bengara, zinc chromate, red lead, ultramarine, bitumen, Cobalt blue, chromium green, chromium oxide, bismut
- the content ratio of the color material may be any appropriate ratio depending on the type of color material, desired light absorption characteristics, and the like.
- the content ratio of the coloring material is, for example, 0.01 to 100 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.01 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the matrix material.
- the number average particle diameter of the pigment in the matrix is preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 1 nm to 100 nm. If it is such a range, a colored layer with a small haze value can be formed. The number average particle diameter of the pigment is measured and calculated by observing the cross section of the colored layer.
- Matrix The matrix may be an adhesive or a resin film. An adhesive is preferable.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive preferably has transparency and optical isotropy.
- Specific examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive include rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, epoxy-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, and cellulose-based pressure-sensitive adhesives.
- it is a rubber adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the rubber-based polymer of the rubber-based adhesive is a polymer that exhibits rubber elasticity in a temperature range near room temperature.
- Preferred rubber-based polymers (A) include styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers (A1), isobutylene-based polymers (A2), and combinations thereof.
- styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (A1) examples include styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.
- SEBS styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer
- styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer examples include styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer.
- SBS styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymer
- SIS styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer
- SIBS styrene-isobutylene-styrene block copolymer
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymer hydrogenated product of SEPS, SIS
- styrene-ethylene- since it has polystyrene blocks at both ends of the molecule and has high cohesion as a polymer.
- Butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS) and styrene-isobutylene-styrene block copolymer (SIBS) are preferred.
- SEBS styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer
- Specific examples of commercially available products include SEPTON and HYBRAR manufactured by Kuraray, Tuftec manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals, and SIBSTAR manufactured by Kaneka.
- the weight average molecular weight of the styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (A1) is preferably about 50,000 to 500,000, more preferably about 50,000 to 300,000, and further preferably about 50,000 to 250,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (A1) is in such a range, it is preferable because the cohesive force and viscoelasticity of the polymer can be achieved.
- the styrene content in the styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (A1) is preferably about 5 to 70% by weight, more preferably about 5 to 40% by weight, and further preferably 10 to 20% by weight. It is about wt%. If the styrene content in the styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (A1) is in such a range, it is preferable because viscoelasticity by the soft segment can be secured while maintaining the cohesive force by the styrene site.
- Examples of the isobutylene polymer (A2) include those containing isobutylene as a constituent monomer and having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of preferably 500,000 or more.
- the isobutylene-based polymer (A2) may be a homopolymer of isobutylene (polyisobutylene, PIB), and is a copolymer having isobutylene as a main monomer (that is, a copolymer in which isobutylene is copolymerized in a proportion exceeding 50 mol%). There may be.
- Examples of such a copolymer include a copolymer of isobutylene and normal butylene, a copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene (for example, butyl rubbers such as regular butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, and partially crosslinked butyl rubber), These vulcanizates and modified products (for example, those modified with a functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and an epoxy group) can be used.
- polyisobutylene (PIB) is preferable because it does not contain a double bond in the main chain and is excellent in weather resistance.
- a commercially available product may be used as the isobutylene polymer (A2). Specific examples of commercially available products include OPPANOL manufactured by BASF.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the isobutylene polymer (A2) is preferably 500,000 or more, more preferably 600,000 or more, and further preferably 700,000 or more. Further, the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably 5 million or less, more preferably 3 million or less, and further preferably 2 million or less.
- the content of the rubber-based polymer (A) in the pressure-sensitive adhesive (pressure-sensitive adhesive composition) is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, based on the total solid content of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition. Preferably it is 50 weight% or more, Most preferably, it is 60 weight% or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the rubber-based polymer is preferably 95% by weight or less, more preferably 90% by weight or less.
- the above rubber polymer (A) may be used in combination with another rubber polymer.
- other rubber polymers include butyl rubber (IIR), butadiene rubber (BR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), EPR (binary ethylene-propylene rubber), EPT (ternary ethylene-propylene rubber). ), Acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer; polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer; blend-based thermoplastic elastomer such as a polymer blend of polypropylene and EPT (ternary ethylene-propylene rubber).
- the blending amount of the other rubber polymer is preferably about 10 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber polymer (A).
- the acrylic polymer of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive typically contains alkyl (meth) acrylate as a main component, and an aromatic ring-containing (meth) acrylate as a copolymerization component according to the purpose, An amide group-containing monomer, a carboxyl group-containing monomer, and / or a hydroxyl group-containing monomer may be contained.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate and / or methacrylate.
- alkyl (meth) acrylate include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- An aromatic ring-containing (meth) acrylate is a compound containing an aromatic ring structure in its structure and a (meth) acryloyl group.
- the aromatic ring include a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and a biphenyl ring.
- the aromatic ring-containing (meth) acrylate satisfies the durability (particularly the durability with respect to the transparent conductive layer) and can improve display unevenness due to white spots in the peripheral portion.
- the amide group-containing monomer is a compound containing an amide group in its structure and a polymerizable unsaturated double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group or a vinyl group.
- the carboxyl group-containing monomer is a compound containing a carboxyl group in its structure and a polymerizable unsaturated double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group or a vinyl group.
- the hydroxyl group-containing monomer is a compound containing a hydroxyl group in its structure and a polymerizable unsaturated double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group or a vinyl group. Details of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive are described in, for example, JP-A-2015-199942, and the description of the publication is incorporated herein by reference.
- the resin may be a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or an active energy ray curable resin.
- the active energy ray curable resin include an electron beam curable resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, and a visible light curable resin.
- the resin include epoxy, (meth) acrylate (for example, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate), norbornene, polyethylene, poly (vinyl butyral), poly (vinyl acetate), polyurea, polyurethane, aminosilicone (AMS), Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, polyphenylalkylsiloxane, polydiphenylsiloxane, polydialkylsiloxane, silsesquioxane, silicone fluoride, vinyl and hydride substituted silicones, styrenic polymers (eg, polystyrene, aminopolystyrene (APS), poly ( (Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene) (AES)), polymers cross-linked with bifunctional monomers (eg divinylbenzene), polyester-based polymers (eg polyethylene terf) Rate), cellulosic polymers (e.g., triacetyl cellulose), vinyl
- thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin is preferable, and a thermosetting resin is more preferable. This is because the present invention can be preferably applied when the optical member of the present invention is manufactured by roll-to-roll.
- An image display device of the present invention includes an image display panel and the circularly polarizing plate.
- the image display panel include a liquid crystal display panel and an organic EL panel.
- the circularly polarizing plate is arranged so that the colored layer is on the image display panel side and the polarizer is on the viewing side.
- an image display element having a high reflectance (for example, an image display element including a member made of metal, a member containing metal, etc. and having a high reflectance) is preferably used. Since the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention has excellent antireflection characteristics and hue adjustment function, the influence of external light reflection can be effectively reduced even in an image display device including an image display element having a high reflectance.
- the visible light reflectance of the image display element having a high reflectance is, for example, 15% or more, and preferably 20% to 99%.
- the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the measuring method of each characteristic is as follows.
- Ts single body transmittance
- Tp parallel transmittance
- Tc orthogonal transmittance
- Nitrogen was introduced into the first reactor and the pressure was once restored to atmospheric pressure, and then the oligomerized reaction liquid in the first reactor was transferred to the second reactor. Subsequently, the temperature increase and pressure reduction in the second reactor were started, and the internal temperature was 240 ° C. and the pressure was 0.2 kPa in 50 minutes. Thereafter, polymerization was allowed to proceed until a predetermined stirring power was obtained.
- the obtained polycarbonate resin (10 kg) was dissolved in methylene chloride (73 kg) to prepare a coating solution.
- the coating liquid was directly applied onto a shrinkable film (vertical uniaxially stretched polypropylene film, manufactured by Tokyo Ink Co., Ltd., trade name “Noblen”), and the coating film was dried at a temperature of 30 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the laminate was dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a shrinkable film / birefringent layer laminate.
- the obtained laminate is stretched at a stretching temperature of 155 ° C. at a stretching temperature of 155 ° C. and stretched by 0.80 in the MD direction and 1.3 times in the TD direction so that the retardation film A is formed on the shrinkable film. Formed.
- This retardation film A was used as a retardation layer ( ⁇ / 4 plate).
- the weight ratio of iodine and potassium iodide is 1: 7, the iodine concentration of which is adjusted so that the single transmittance of the obtained polarizer is 45.0%.
- the film was stretched 1.4 times.
- the crosslinking treatment employed a two-stage crosslinking treatment, and the first-stage crosslinking treatment was stretched 1.2 times while being treated in an aqueous solution in which boric acid and potassium iodide were dissolved at 40 ° C.
- the boric acid content of the aqueous solution of the first-stage crosslinking treatment was 5.0% by weight, and the potassium iodide content was 3.0% by weight.
- the cross-linking treatment at the second stage was stretched 1.6 times while being treated in an aqueous solution in which boric acid and potassium iodide were dissolved at 65 ° C.
- the boric acid content of the aqueous solution of the second crosslinking treatment was 4.3% by weight, and the potassium iodide content was 5.0% by weight.
- the cleaning treatment was performed with an aqueous potassium iodide solution at 20 ° C.
- the potassium iodide content of the aqueous solution for the washing treatment was 2.6% by weight.
- the drying process was performed at 70 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a polarizer.
- (V) Formation of colored layer For 100 parts by weight of acrylic polymer obtained by copolymerization of n-butyl acrylate and a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, a radical generator (benzoyl peroxide, manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name “NIPER BMT”) ) 0.3 parts by weight, isocyanate crosslinking agent (trade name “Coronate L” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), 1 part by weight, and pigment (trade name “PD-320”, manufactured by Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.25 parts by weight
- a dye-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive containing 0.2 part by weight of a phenolic antioxidant (trade name “IRGANOX1010” manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) was prepared.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the applicator with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and then at 155 ° C. for 2 minutes After drying, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sample was taken out, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive surface was bonded to the retardation layer side of the retardation film-attached polarizing plate to form a colored layer (absorption maximum wavelength: 595 nm).
- a circularly polarizing plate including a protective film, a polarizer, a retardation layer ( ⁇ / 4 plate), and a colored layer was obtained.
- the obtained circularly polarizing plate was subjected to the above evaluations (1) to (3). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 (I) Production of antireflection film A triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film with a hard coat (refractive index: 1.53) was used as a substrate. On the other hand, a resin composition containing 62% of the total solid content of zirconia particles (average particle size 40 nm, refractive index 2.19) (manufactured by JSR, trade name “OPSTAR KZ series”) was diluted to 3% with MIBK. A coating solution (a composition for forming a medium refractive index layer) was prepared. The coating solution is applied onto the substrate using a bar coater, dried at 60 ° C.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- a medium refractive index layer (refractive index: 1.68, thickness: 100 nm).
- a high refractive index layer (refractive index: 2.33, thickness: 12 nm) was formed on the middle refractive index layer by sputtering Nb 2 O 5.
- a low refractive index layer (refractive index: 1.47, thickness: 110 nm) was formed on the high refractive index layer by sputtering SiO2. In this way, an antireflection film was produced.
- Example 1 A circularly polarizing plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the colored layer did not contain a pigment (that is, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was formed instead of the colored layer). The obtained circularly polarizing plate was subjected to the above evaluations (1) to (3). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A circularly polarizing plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the colored layer did not contain a pigment (that is, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was formed instead of the colored layer). The obtained circularly polarizing plate was subjected to the above evaluations (1) to (4). The results are shown in Table 2. When the reflected hue was measured visually, it was confirmed to be bluish, and it was confirmed that the reflected hue was not good.
- Example 4 A circularly polarizing plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the colored layer did not contain a pigment (that is, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was formed instead of the colored layer). The obtained circularly polarizing plate was subjected to the above evaluations (1) to (3). The results are shown in Table 3.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention has a colored layer. By providing, it is excellent in antireflection characteristics. Further, as is clear from the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 2, the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention can emit light having a neutral hue by adjusting the reflective hue by providing a colored layer. Further, as apparent from the comparison between Example 4 and Comparative Example 3, when the degree of polarization of the laminate x composed of the polarizer and the colored layer is small, the above effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- the circularly polarizing plate of the present invention is suitably used for an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device.
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Abstract
Description
1つの実施形態においては、上記円偏光板は、上記偏光子と、前記λ/4板として機能する位相差層20aとの間に、λ/2板として機能する位相差層20bをさらに備え、該偏光子の吸収軸と該位相差層20aとのなす角度が65°~85°であり、該偏光子の吸収軸と該位相差層20bとのなす角度が10°~20°である。
1つの実施形態においては、上記着色層が、特定波長範囲の光を選択的に吸収する。
1つの実施形態においては、上記着色層が、440nm~510nmの範囲の波長帯域に吸収極大波長を有する。
1つの実施形態においては、上記着色層が、560nm~610nmの範囲の波長帯域に吸収極大波長を有する。
1つの実施形態においては、上記着色層のヘイズ値が、15%以下である。
1つの実施形態においては、上記偏光子の偏光度が99.9%以上である。
1つの実施形態においては、上記λ/4板として機能する位相差層20aのRe(450)/Re(550)が、0.5以上1.0未満であり、該位相差層20aのNz係数が、0.3~0.7である。
1つの実施形態においては、上記円偏光板は、最表面に低反射処理層を有する。
本発明の別の局面によれば、画像表示装置が提供される。この画像表示装置は、上記円偏光板を備える。
1つの実施形態においては、上記画像表示装置は、画像表示パネルをさらに備え、該画像表示パネルの可視光線反射率が、20%以上である。
本明細書における用語および記号の定義は下記の通りである。
(1)屈折率(nx、ny、nz)
「nx」は面内の屈折率が最大になる方向(すなわち、遅相軸方向)の屈折率であり、「ny」は面内で遅相軸と直交する方向(すなわち、進相軸方向)の屈折率であり、「nz」は厚み方向の屈折率である。
(2)面内位相差(Re)
「Re(λ)」は、23℃における波長λnmの光で測定した面内位相差である。例えば、「Re(550)」は、23℃における波長550nmの光で測定した面内位相差である。Re(λ)は、層(フィルム)の厚みをd(nm)としたとき、式:Re=(nx-ny)×dによって求められる。
(3)厚み方向の位相差(Rth)
「Rth(λ)」は、23℃における波長λnmの光で測定した厚み方向の位相差である。例えば、「Rth(550)」は、23℃における波長550nmの光で測定した厚み方向の位相差である。Rth(λ)は、層(フィルム)の厚みをd(nm)としたとき、式:Rth=(nx-nz)×dによって求められる。
(4)Nz係数
Nz係数は、Nz=Rth/Reによって求められる。
A-1.円偏光板の全体構成
図1は、本発明の1つの実施形態による円偏光板の概略断面図である。本実施形態の円偏光板100は、偏光子10と、位相差層20aと、着色層30とをこの順に備える。位相差層20aは、λ/4板として機能し得る。円偏光板100は、着色層30が反射体(例えば、液晶表示パネル、有機ELパネル等の画像表示パネル)側となり、偏光子10が視認側となるように用いられ得る。1つの実施形態においては、円偏光板100は、偏光子10の位相差層20aとは反対側の面に保護フィルム40を備える。保護フィルム40は、用途、円偏光板を備える画像表示装置の構成等に応じて省略されてもよい。また、円偏光板は、偏光子と位相差層との間に別の保護フィルム(内側保護フィルムとも称する:図示せず)を備えてもよい。図示例においては、内側保護フィルムは省略されている。この場合、位相差層20aが内側保護フィルムとしても機能し得る。このような構成であれば、円偏光板のさらなる薄型化が実現され得る。
上記偏光子としては、任意の適切な偏光子が用いられる。偏光子は、吸収型でもよく、反射型でもよく、あるいは吸収型と反射型の組み合わせてもよい。例えば、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、部分ホルマール化ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体系部分ケン化フィルム等の親水性高分子フィルムに、ヨウ素や二色性染料等の二色性物質を吸着させて一軸延伸したもの、ポリビニルアルコールの脱水処理物やポリ塩化ビニルの脱塩酸処理物等ポリエン系配向フィルム等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムにヨウ素などの二色性物質を吸着させて一軸延伸した偏光子が、偏光二色比が高く、特に好ましい。偏光子の厚みは、好ましくは、0.5μm~80μmである。
第1の位相差層は、上記のとおりλ/4板として機能し得る。このような第1の位相差層の面内位相差Re(550)は、100nm~180nmであり、好ましくは110nm~170nmであり、さらに好ましくは120nm~160nmであり、特に好ましくは135nm~155nmである。第1の位相差層は、代表的にはnx>ny=nzまたはnx>ny>nzの屈折率楕円体を有する。なお、本明細書において例えば「ny=nz」は、厳密に等しいのみならず、実質的に等しいものを包含する。第1の位相差層のNz係数は、例えば0.9~2であり、好ましくは1~1.5であり、より好ましくは1~1.3である。
第2の位相差層は、上記のとおりλ/2板として機能し得る。このような第2の位相差層の面内位相差Re(550)は、好ましくは180~300nmであり、さらに好ましくは210~280nmであり、最も好ましくは230~240nmである。第2の位相差層は、代表的には、nx>ny=nzの屈折率楕円体を有することが好ましい。第2の位相差層のNz係数は、例えば0.9~2であり、好ましくは1~1.5であり、より好ましくは1~1.3である。
上記着色層は、任意の適切な1種以上の色材を含む。代表的には、着色層において、色材は、マトリックス中に存在する。
上記色材の具体例としては、アントラキノン系、トリフェニルメタン系、ナフトキノン系、チオインジゴ系、ペリノン系、ペリレン系、スクアリリウム系、シアニン系、ポルフィリン系、アザポルフィリン系、フタロシアニン系、サブフタロシアニン系、キニザリン系、ポリメチン系、ローダミン系、オキソノール系、キノン系、アゾ系、キサンテン系、アゾメチン系、キナクリドン系、ジオキサジン系、ジケトピロロピロール系、アントラピリドン系、イソインドリノン系、インダンスロン系、インジゴ系、チオインジゴ系、キノフタロン系、キノリン系、トリフェニルメタン系等の染料が挙げられる。
マトリックスは、粘着剤であってもよく、樹脂フィルムであってもよい。好ましくは粘着剤である。
本発明の画像表示装置は、画像表示パネルと、上記円偏光板を備える。画像表示パネルとしては、例えば、液晶表示パネル、有機ELパネル等が挙げられる。円偏光板は、着色層が画像表示パネル側となり、偏光子が視認側となるように配置される。
(1)着色層、粘着剤層のヘイズ値
着色層または粘着剤層のヘイズについて、JIS 7136で定める方法により、ヘイズメーター(村上色彩科学研究所社製、商品名「HN-150」)を用いて測定した。
(2)積層体xの偏光度
実施例および比較例それぞれにおいて、円偏光板を構成する偏光子および着色層から構成される積層体xの偏光度(P)を以下の方法で測定した。
紫外可視分光光度計(日本分光社製、製品名「V7000シリーズ」)を用いて、積層体xの単体透過率(Ts)、平行透過率(Tp)および直交透過率(Tc)を測定し、次式により求めた。
偏光度(P)(%)={(Tp-Tc)/(Tp+Tc)}1/2×100
なお、平行透過率(Tp)および直交透過率(Tc)の測定は、積層体xの着色層側から偏光を入射させて、行った。また、上記Ts、TpおよびTcは、JIS Z 8701の2度視野(C光源)により測定し、視感度補正を行ったY値である。
(3)円偏光板の反射防止能
反射板(東レフィルム加工社製、商品名「セラピール DMS-X42」、全光線反射率:86%)に円偏光板の着色層側を貼り合せて評価用試料を作製した。この評価用試料について、CM2600―d(コニカミノルタ社製)を用いて、全光線反射率を測定した。
(4)反射色相
上記(3)で作製した評価用試料について、CM2600―d(コニカミノルタ社製)を用いて、反射色相(L*a*b*表色系)を測定した。
(i)位相差層(λ/4板)の作製
撹拌翼および100℃に制御された還流冷却器を具備した縦型反応器2器からなるバッチ重合装置を用いて重合を行った。9,9-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]フルオレン(BHEPF)、イソソルビド(ISB)、ジエチレングリコール(DEG)、ジフェニルカーボネート(DPC)、および酢酸マグネシウム4水和物を、モル比率でBHEPF/ISB/DEG/DPC/酢酸マグネシウム=0.348/0.490/0.162/1.005/1.00×10-5になるように仕込んだ。反応器内を十分に窒素置換した後(酸素濃度0.0005~0.001vol%)、熱媒で加温を行い、内温が100℃になった時点で撹拌を開始した。昇温開始40分後に内温を220℃に到達させ、この温度を保持するように制御すると同時に減圧を開始し、220℃に到達してから90分で13.3kPaにした。重合反応とともに副生するフェノール蒸気を100℃の還流冷却器に導き、フェノール蒸気中に若干量含まれるモノマー成分を反応器に戻し、凝縮しないフェノール蒸気は45℃の凝縮器に導いて回収した。
厚み30μmのポリビニルアルコール(PVA)系樹脂フィルム(クラレ製、製品名「PE3000」)の長尺ロールを、ロール延伸機により長手方向に5.9倍になるように長手方向に一軸延伸しながら同時に膨潤、染色、架橋、洗浄処理を施し、最後に乾燥処理を施すことにより厚み12μmの偏光子を作製した。
具体的には、膨潤処理は20℃の純水で処理しながら2.2倍に延伸した。次いで、染色処理は得られる偏光子の単体透過率が45.0%になるようにヨウ素濃度が調整されたヨウ素とヨウ化カリウムの重量比が1:7である30℃の水溶液中において処理しながら1.4倍に延伸した。更に、架橋処理は、2段階の架橋処理を採用し、1段階目の架橋処理は40℃のホウ酸とヨウ化カリウムを溶解した水溶液において処理しながら1.2倍に延伸した。1段階目の架橋処理の水溶液のホウ酸含有量は5.0重量%で、ヨウ化カリウム含有量は3.0重量%とした。2段階目の架橋処理は65℃のホウ酸とヨウ化カリウムを溶解した水溶液において処理しながら1.6倍に延伸した。2段階目の架橋処理の水溶液のホウ酸含有量は4.3重量%で、ヨウ化カリウム含有量は5.0重量%とした。また、洗浄処理は、20℃のヨウ化カリウム水溶液で処理した。洗浄処理の水溶液のヨウ化カリウム含有量は2.6重量%とした。最後に、乾燥処理は70℃で5分間乾燥させて偏光子を得た。
上記偏光子の片側に、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を介して、TACフィルムの片面にハードコート処理により形成されたハードコート(HC)層を有するHC-TACフィルム(厚み:32μm、保護フィルムに対応する)をロールツーロールにより貼り合わせ、保護フィルム/偏光子の構成を有する長尺状の偏光板Aを得た。
上記で得られた偏光板および位相差層を所定のサイズに裁断し、偏光板の偏光子面と位相差層とをアクリル系粘着剤を介して貼り合わせ保護フィルム/偏光子/位相差層(λ/4板)の構成を有する位相差層付偏光板を得た。なお、位相差層の裁断は、偏光板と位相差層とを貼り合わせた際に偏光子の吸収軸と位相差層の遅相軸とのなす角度が45°となるように行った。
アクリル酸n-ブチル、水酸基含有モノマーを共重合してなるアクリル系ポリマー100重量部に対し、ラジカル発生剤(ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、日本油脂社製、商品名「ナイパーBMT」)を0.3重量部、イソシアネート系架橋剤(東ソー社製、商品名「コロネートL」)を1重量部、色素(山本化成社製、商品名「PD-320」)を0.25重量部、フェノール系酸化防止剤(BASFジャパン社製、商品名「IRGANOX1010」)を0.2重量部含んでなる色素含有粘着剤を作製した。粘着剤の剥離が容易となる処理を施したPET基材(三菱樹脂社製、商品名「MRF38CK」)上に、アプリケータに上記粘着剤を20μmの厚みで塗工し、155℃で2分乾燥後、粘着剤サンプルを取出し、位相差層付き偏光板の位相差層側に上記粘着剤面を貼り合わせて、着色層(吸収極大波長:595nm)を形成した。
上記のようにして、保護フィルムと、偏光子と、位相差層(λ/4板)と、着色層とを含む円偏光板を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表1に示す。
(i)反射防止フィルムの作製
基材としてハードコート(屈折率:1.53)付のトリアセチルセルロース(TAC)フィルムを用いた。一方、ジルコニア粒子(平均粒径40nm、屈折率2.19)を全固形分の62%含有した樹脂組成物(JSR社製、商品名「オプスターKZシリーズ」)をMIBKにて3%に希釈した塗布液(中屈折率層形成用組成物)を調製した。当該塗布液を、バーコーターを用いて上記基材上に塗布し、60℃にて1分間乾燥後、積算光量300mJの紫外線を照射し、中屈折率層(屈折率:1.68、厚み:100nm)を形成した。次に、Nb2O5をスパッタリングすることにより、中屈折率層上に高屈折率層(屈折率:2.33、厚み:12nm)を形成した。さらに、SiO2をスパッタリングすることにより、高屈折率層上に低屈折率層(屈折率:1.47、厚み:110nm)を形成した。このようにして、反射防止フィルムを作製した。
(ii)偏光板Bの作製
実施例1と同様にして偏光子を作製し、該偏光子の片側に、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を介して、TACフィルムの片面に、上記反射防止フィルムを貼り合せ、反射防止処理層/偏光子の構成を有する偏光板Bを得た。
(iii)円偏光板の作製
偏光板Aに代えて、偏光板Bを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして円偏光板を製造した。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表1に示す。
着色層を形成する粘着剤に、色素を含有させなかったこと(すなわち、着色層に代えて粘着剤層を形成したこと)以外は、実施例1と同様にして、円偏光板を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表1に示す。
(i)位相差層(λ/4板)の作製
シクロオレフィン系樹脂フィルム(日本ゼオン社製、商品名「ゼオノア ZF-14フィルム」をテンター延伸機を用いて延伸角度45°で斜め延伸することにより、位相差フィルムBを得た。この位相差フィルムBの厚みは57nm、Re(550)=130nm、Nz=1.60、Re(450)/Re(550)=1.03であった。
(ii)位相差層付き偏光板Bの作製
位相差フィルムAに代えて、位相差フィルムBを位相差層(λ/4板)としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、位相差層付き偏光板Bを作製した。
(iii)着色層の形成
位相差層付き偏光板Aに代えて、位相差層付き偏光板Bを用い、かつ、色素(山本化成社製、商品名「PD-320」)0.25重量部に代えて、色素(山本化成社製、商品名「PD-1023」)0.5重量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして着色層(吸収極大波長:493nm)を形成し、円偏光板(保護フィルム/偏光子/位相差層(λ/4板)/着色層)を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(4)に供した。結果を表2に示す。なお、反射色相の測定時に、目視確認したところ、黒く見え、見た目にも反射防止能および反射色相に優れることが確認された。
着色層を形成する粘着剤に、色素を含有させなかったこと(すなわち、着色層に代えて粘着剤層を形成したこと)以外は、実施例3と同様にして、円偏光板を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(4)に供した。結果を表2に示す。なお、反射色相の測定時に、目視確認したところ、青みがかって見え、見た目にも反射色相が良好ではないことが確認された。
(i)位相差層付き偏光板Cの作製
特許4849454の実施例に記載された方法により、λ/2板、λ/4板および偏光板を作製した。
このλ/4板を第1の位相差層とし、λ/2板を第2の位相差層とし、偏光板、第2の位相差層(λ/2板)、第1の位相差層(λ/4板)の順に、アクリル系粘着剤を介して貼り合わせて、位相差層付き偏光板C(保護フィルム/偏光子/保護フィルム/第2の位相差層(λ/2板)/第1の位相差層(λ/4板))を作製した。
なお、第1の位相差層(λ/4板)は、nx>ny>nzの屈折率分布を有しており、厚みが39μmであり、Re(550)=120nm、Nz係数=1.6であった。また、第2の位相差層(λ/2板)は、厚みが2.4μmであり、Re(550)=240nmであった。
(ii)着色層の形成
位相差層付き偏光板Aに代えて、位相差層付き偏光板Cを用い、かつ、色素(山本化成社製、商品名「PD-320」)0.25重量部に代えて、色素(御国色素社製、商品名「MHIブラック#C004M」)0.5重量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、円偏光板(保護フィルム/偏光子/保護フィルム/第2の位相差層(λ/2板)/第1の位相差層(λ/4板)/着色層)を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表3に示す。
色素(御国色素社製、商品名「MHIブラック#C004M」)0.5重量部に代えて、色素(御国色素社製 MHIブラック#PD-044M)0.5重量部を用いたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして円偏光板を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表3に示す。
着色層を形成する粘着剤に、色素を含有させなかったこと(すなわち、着色層に代えて粘着剤層を形成したこと)以外は、実施例4と同様にして、円偏光板を得た。得られた円偏光板を上記評価(1)~(3)に供した。結果を表3に示す。
20a 位相差層
30 着色層
100 円偏光板
Claims (11)
- 偏光子と、λ/4板として機能する位相差層20aと、着色層とをこの順に備え、
該偏光子の吸収軸と該位相差層20aの遅相軸とのなす角度が35°~55°であり、
該偏光子と該着色層とから構成される積層体の偏光度が、99.9%以上である、
円偏光板。 - 前記偏光子と、前記λ/4板として機能する位相差層20aとの間に、λ/2板として機能する位相差層20bをさらに備え、
該偏光子の吸収軸と該位相差層20aとのなす角度が65°~85°であり、
該偏光子の吸収軸と該位相差層20bとのなす角度が10°~20°である、
請求項1に記載の円偏光板。 - 前記着色層が、特定波長範囲の光を選択的に吸収する、請求項1または2に記載の円偏光板。
- 前記着色層が、440nm~510nmの範囲の波長帯域に吸収極大波長を有する、請求項3に記載の円偏光板。
- 前記着色層が、560nm~610nmの範囲の波長帯域に吸収極大波長を有する、請求項3に記載の円偏光板。
- 前記着色層のヘイズ値が、15%以下である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の円偏光板。
- 前記偏光子の偏光度が99.9%以上である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の円偏光板。
- 前記λ/4板として機能する位相差層20aのRe(450)/Re(550)が、0.5以上1.0未満であり、
該位相差層20aのNz係数が、0.3~0.7である、
請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の円偏光板。 - 最表面に低反射処理層を有する、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の円偏光板。
- 請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の円偏光板を備える、画像表示装置。
- 画像表示パネルをさらに備え、
該画像表示パネルの可視光線反射率が、20%以上である、
請求項10に記載の画像表示装置。
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