WO2012119892A1 - Verbundelemente - Google Patents
Verbundelemente Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012119892A1 WO2012119892A1 PCT/EP2012/053393 EP2012053393W WO2012119892A1 WO 2012119892 A1 WO2012119892 A1 WO 2012119892A1 EP 2012053393 W EP2012053393 W EP 2012053393W WO 2012119892 A1 WO2012119892 A1 WO 2012119892A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- core
- composite element
- cover layer
- element according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005832 Basotect® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOAJGXULHASQGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical group C=C.C=CC#N GOAJGXULHASQGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
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- B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/06—Walls
- F25D23/065—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/08—Parts formed wholly or mainly of plastics materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
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- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
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- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2509/00—Household appliances
- B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2201/00—Insulation
- F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
- F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to composite elements consisting of a core of foam or a porous material which is coated with plastic film.
- Composite elements of a foam core surrounded by at least one cover layer are well known. They serve decorative purposes, but preferably the thermal insulation, for example on buildings or refrigerators.
- Refrigerators are of great importance both in the commercial and private sectors. They are manufactured in most cases by a housing is made, in which a liquid mixture of a rigid polyurethane foam system is introduced, where it hardens to polyurethane.
- vacuum insulation panels also referred to as VIP for short. These are usually introduced into the housing and foamed there with rigid polyurethane foam.
- a known method of wrapping substrates with a plastic film is the Permaskin process. This is described for example in WO 01/32400.
- a molding in a chamber between two thermoplastic films at a distance from each other is arranged and fixed, then the air evacuated from the chamber and the film thereby pressed onto the surface of the molding while maintaining a vacuum between the films.
- the film is preferably heated, in particular to a temperature which is above the softening temperature of the film.
- Polyurethane rigid foams as used in the field of heat / cold insulation, can in principle also be used as a substrate. This is described in the application WO 2008/135550. Double-coated rigid foam elements produced in this way exhibit increased load-bearing capacity, resistance to breakage, weather resistance and improved haptics and barrier action against the ingress of liquids.
- a rigid foam made of Neopolen is coated. It is also referred to that rigid polyurethane foams can be used. The rigid foams used have no further pre-applied functional layers. In the long term, however, moldings produced in this way have only insufficient insulating properties due to gas exchange processes. Furthermore, there is only a low resistance to mechanical stress as z. B. can occur when loaded with sharp or sharp objects.
- a composite element comprising a) a core of a foam or porous material, preferably a foam material, b) a cover layer applied to the core a), and c) one of the Cover layer b) different film made of a thermoplastic material.
- An object of the invention are also the production of the composite elements and their use, in particular for the production of refrigerators.
- the core a) is preferably selected from the group consisting of foams and porous materials.
- the foams a) are preferably selected from the group comprising open-cell rigid polyurethane foams, closed-cell rigid polyurethane foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams.
- the porous materials are preferably monolithic organic or inorganic polymers, also referred to below as monoliths.
- monoliths preferably monolithic organic or inorganic polymers, also referred to below as monoliths.
- aerogels are particularly preferred. Aerogels are pore-containing gels that have been dried under supercritical conditions.
- the core a) is a foam, in particular a rigid foam.
- the foams are open-celled or closed-celled.
- the open-cell foams can be rigid polyurethane foams or melamine-formaldehyde foams, preferably rigid polyurethane foams and in particular open-cell rigid polyurethane foams.
- rigid foams are to be understood as meaning foams according to DIN 7726 (05/1982) which offer relatively high resistance to deformation under compressive stress (compressive stress at 10% compression or compressive strength according to DIN 53421, 06/1984,> 80 kPa).
- the rigid polyurethane foams used as core a) are known.
- the open-cell foams which can be evacuated are also described in many cases, for example in EP 2072548.
- the foams can be used as core a) without further pretreatment.
- WO 2006/120183 describes that the foam can be compressed to improve the evacuability.
- the melamine-formaldehyde foams are also known, for example from EP 74,593th Such products are marketed for example under the name of Basotect ® from BASF SE.
- Aerogels which can be used as core a) are described, for example, in WO 2007/065847.
- the cover layer b) is preferably selected from the group containing barrier layers to gases, also referred to as diffusion barriers, where steam is also considered as gas, flame retardant layers and mechanically supporting layers.
- the diffusion barriers are preferably films which are impermeable to water vapor and other gases.
- the flame-retardant barriers are preferably thin-layered mats of mineral wool, alkali metal silicate layers, as described, for example, in WO 2006/040097, or layers of other known flame retardants, such as phosphorus, graphite, melamine or antimony trioxide.
- the mechanically assisting coatings are preferably single-layer or multi-layer layers of cardboard, plastic or sheet metal which, if appropriate, may additionally be reinforced with an underlying honeycomb structure.
- the diffusion barriers used as cover layer b) are, as described, particularly preferably films.
- cover layer b) may be a metal layer, aluminum foils being preferred.
- cover layer b) is a composite film.
- the cover layer b) is particularly preferably a multilayer composite film with a vapor-deposited or laminated metal layer.
- the metal layer of the film used as cover layer b) is particularly preferably made of aluminum.
- the cover layer b) is therefore in particular an aluminum or an aluminum composite foil.
- the film used as cover layer b) itself consists in particular of polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or polyvinyl alcohol.
- aluminum composite foils b) are preferred for later sealing, consisting of an aluminum layer having a thickness of about 6 micrometers and a polyethylene layer or metallized high barrier laminates consisting of Al-vapor-deposited polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate laminates
- the thickness of the Al layer is only 30-100 nm.
- the metallized high barrier laminates consist of at least two Al layers for penetration of small molecules, e.g. Prevent water by extending the diffusion paths.
- the thickness of the metal layer should by no means exceed several micrometers in the case of thermal insulation applications of the composite elements, since otherwise the heat loss via thermal bridges, in particular through corner discharge, becomes too great.
- the cover layer b) is a film which completely surrounds the core a).
- the cover layer b), as described, is particularly preferably a gas-impermeable film.
- the core a) is preferably evacuated.
- the above-mentioned open-cell foams such as open-cell rigid polyurethane foams and melamine-formaldehyde foams, are preferably used as core a).
- the core a) is completely enveloped by the cover layer b) and sealed gas-tight.
- the film c) consists, as stated above, of a thermoplastic material.
- a thermoplastic material This is preferably selected from the group comprising polyvinyl chloride, styrene copolymers, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and mixtures of thermoplastic polyurethane and styrene copolymers.
- Such films are known and described for example in WO2004 / 098878.
- the films used c) preferably have a thickness between 50 and 750 ⁇ , preferably between 100 and 500 ⁇ and more preferably between 200 and 350 ⁇ . They can be prepared from the appropriate raw materials in granular form by the known methods for Foil production are produced. These may be blown films or cast films, with the extrusion process being preferred for cast film production.
- the films may have been corona treated on one or both sides.
- WO2008 / 135550 describes a specific embodiment of the film c). This consists of mixtures containing thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA).
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- ASA acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer
- mixtures (1) contain between 1% by weight and 40% by weight, preferably between 3% by weight and 30% by weight, particularly preferably between 5% by weight and 25% by weight
- thermoplastic polyurethane in particular based on aliphatic isocyanate and between 60% by weight and 99% by weight, preferably between 70% by weight and 97% by weight, particularly preferably between 75% by weight and 95% by weight
- B Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA) and / or acrylonitrile-ethylene homo or copolymer-styrene (AES) material, preferably acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer (ASA), in each case based on the total weight of the mixture (1 ), preferably based on the sum of the weights of (A) and (B) in the mixture (1).
- ASA Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester copolymer
- AES acrylonitrile-ethylene homo or copoly
- the ASA (B) is preferably based on:
- (B1 1 1) 70 to 99.9 wt .-% of at least one alkyl acrylate
- (B121) 65 to 90 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 80 wt .-% of at least one vinyl aromatic
- (B122) from 10 to 35% by weight, preferably from 20 to 30% by weight, of at least one polar, copolymerisable unsaturated monomer, preferably acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile,
- (B23) 0 to 9 wt .-% of at least one comonomer, wherein the weights of (B1) and (B2) on the weight of (B), the weights of (B1 1 and B12) on the weight of (B1) , the weight data for (B1 1 1), (B1 12) and (B1 13) on the weight of the component (B1 1), (B121), (B122) and (B123) on the weight of (B12) and the weights of (B21), (B22) and (B23) are based on the weight of (B2).
- AES materials consist of a matrix of polystyrene and acrylonitrile and optionally other monomers.
- AES materials differ from ASA materials in component B1 1, which in the case of AES materials can be based on ethylene homo- or copolymers.
- Suitable copolymers are, for example, C3- to C20-alpha-olefins, preferably C3- to C8-alpha-olefins.
- AES plastics are described in detail in a suitable composition as well as with regard to their preparation processes in the Handbook of Technical Polymer Chemistry, VCH Verlag, 1993, in particular page 490.
- the TPU is preferably an aliphatic TPU, in particular hexamethylene diisocyanate-1, 6 (HDI) being used as the isocyanate.
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate-1, 6
- an adhesive is preferably applied between the two films.
- the adhesives used are preferably aqueous polyurethane-based systems, both one-component and two-component systems.
- one-component adhesives are usually polyurethane dispersions into consideration. These are known and commercially available, by way of example Jowapur® 150.50 of the company Jowat mentioned here.
- two-component adhesives are usually combinations of polyurethane dispersions in question, for example Jowapur® 150.30 with isocyanates such as Jowat® 195.40 the company Jowat.
- adhesives based on acrylate or epoxy resin are also suitable for use.
- the application of the adhesive can be carried out by the conventional methods such as painting, rolling or spraying, wherein the spraying is particularly preferred.
- Drying time at room temperature following the adhesive application is sufficient for the systems described.
- the adhesive is on one of the films b) and c), preferably on the film c).
- a two-layer film with an adhesion promoter based on elastomeric styrene-butadiene block polymers as described, for example, in WO-A 96/23823 and WO-A 97/46608 is suitable for coating rigid foams by the process according to the invention.
- coextruded two-layer films consisting of a carrier layer such as polystyrene, Hl PS, ASA, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester and an adhesive layer of an elastomeric thermoplastic such as said styrene-butadiene block polymers used.
- a carrier layer such as polystyrene, Hl PS, ASA, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester
- an adhesive layer of an elastomeric thermoplastic such as said styrene-butadiene block polymers used.
- the composite elements usually have a dimension of DIN A4 format up to a few square meters.
- the layer thickness of the composite elements usually ranges from 50 to 2000 mm.
- the production of composite elements is preferably carried out according to the method described in WO 01/32400.
- this method includes the steps
- the layer b) can be applied to the core a) in a separate process.
- the application of the film used as cover layer b) can also be carried out immediately before introduction into the device for applying the film c).
- the evacuation and the sealing with component b) can take place before the application of the film c).
- Such a method would include the steps a1) providing a core of foam or a porous material a), b1) wrapping of the core with a film b), c1) evacuation of the core a) and airtight sealing of the film b), d1) arrangement of the coated core a) in one Chamber with at least one film c) with a distance between the film c) and the coated core and its attachment, e1) evacuation of the air from the chamber, f1) heating of the plastic film c) and gl) pressing the plastic film c) on the surface of the coated core a), h1) removal of the composite element.
- the evacuation of the core in the device for applying the film c) can take place.
- Such a method would include the steps
- the film c) is heated above the softening point in step f).
- steps b) and c) are performed in the same device.
- the molded part is arranged and fastened in a capsule between films at a distance ratio
- the films are thereby pressed onto opposite surfaces of the molding, while maintaining a vacuum between the films. This prevents surface defects such as wrinkles or warping.
- the film c) can be applied to one side of the composite element.
- a film c) is applied to two opposite sides of the molded body.
- the film c) can be flush with the edge of the molding;
- the film c) may be bent over the edge of the molding.
- the shaped body can also be completely surrounded by the film c).
- the composite elements according to the invention can be used in many ways. So they can be used in construction, for example in the thermal insulation of buildings.
- the film c) serves both decorative purposes and the protection of the core a) from the weather.
- the moldings according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in the production of refrigerators.
- the composite elements can be made in the form of the walls and doors of refrigerators. These components can then be assembled into the finished cooling unit. This considerably simplifies the manufacture of the refrigerators. Again, by the film c) the color and decor of the refrigerators can be varied. In addition, protection of the surface is achieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013555857A JP2014508057A (ja) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | 複合要素 |
IN6932CHN2013 IN2013CN06932A (de) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | |
MX2013008937A MX2013008937A (es) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | Elementos compuestos. |
BR112013019576A BR112013019576A2 (pt) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | elemento compósito, processo para produzir elementos compósitos, e, uso dos elementos compósitos. |
AU2012224772A AU2012224772B2 (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | Composite elements |
RU2013144410/05A RU2013144410A (ru) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | Композитные элементы |
EP12706833.6A EP2681044A1 (de) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | Verbundelemente |
CN2012800109431A CN103402754A (zh) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | 复合元件 |
KR1020137026345A KR20140009451A (ko) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | 복합 부재 |
ZA2013/07355A ZA201307355B (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2013-10-02 | Composite elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11156998 | 2011-03-04 | ||
EP11156998.4 | 2011-03-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012119892A1 true WO2012119892A1 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
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PCT/EP2012/053393 WO2012119892A1 (de) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-02-29 | Verbundelemente |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2681044A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2014508057A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20140009451A (de) |
CN (1) | CN103402754A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2012224772B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR112013019576A2 (de) |
IN (1) | IN2013CN06932A (de) |
MX (1) | MX2013008937A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2013144410A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012119892A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201307355B (de) |
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- 2012-02-29 BR BR112013019576A patent/BR112013019576A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-02-29 EP EP12706833.6A patent/EP2681044A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-02-29 CN CN2012800109431A patent/CN103402754A/zh active Pending
- 2012-02-29 AU AU2012224772A patent/AU2012224772B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-02-29 RU RU2013144410/05A patent/RU2013144410A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-02-29 MX MX2013008937A patent/MX2013008937A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-02-29 IN IN6932CHN2013 patent/IN2013CN06932A/en unknown
- 2012-02-29 KR KR1020137026345A patent/KR20140009451A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20140009451A (ko) | 2014-01-22 |
ZA201307355B (en) | 2014-12-23 |
AU2012224772A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
CN103402754A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
IN2013CN06932A (de) | 2015-08-07 |
MX2013008937A (es) | 2013-10-01 |
AU2012224772B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
RU2013144410A (ru) | 2015-04-10 |
BR112013019576A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
JP2014508057A (ja) | 2014-04-03 |
EP2681044A1 (de) | 2014-01-08 |
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