WO2009107639A1 - 圧延鋼材の冷却装置および冷却方法 - Google Patents
圧延鋼材の冷却装置および冷却方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009107639A1 WO2009107639A1 PCT/JP2009/053377 JP2009053377W WO2009107639A1 WO 2009107639 A1 WO2009107639 A1 WO 2009107639A1 JP 2009053377 W JP2009053377 W JP 2009053377W WO 2009107639 A1 WO2009107639 A1 WO 2009107639A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
- B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
- B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
- B21B1/085—Rail sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
- B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
- B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
- B21B45/0233—Spray nozzles, Nozzle headers; Spray systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
- C21D9/06—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails with diminished tendency to become wavy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
- C21D9/5732—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling of wires; of rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
- C21D9/5735—Details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling device and a cooling method for cooling a long rolled steel material such as a hot-rolled rail.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-046461 filed in Japan on February 27, 2008 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-048383 filed in Japan on February 28, 2008. This is incorporated here.
- Patent Document 2 in order to suppress the generation of proeutectoid cementite in the rail column and to stably generate a pearlite structure having a high cementite ratio and a high hardness in the rail head, the rail head is formed in the austenite region.
- a pearlite system that accelerates cooling from 1 to 10 ° C / s from 700 to 500 ° C, and further accelerates rail columns from 1 to 10 ° C / s from austenite temperature to 750 to 600 ° C.
- a method for manufacturing a rail is disclosed.
- the vapor film formed on the rail surface obstructs the contact between the rail and the cooling medium, resulting in variations in the cooling rate.
- the steel structure may also vary.
- the method (2) using gas as a cooling medium has a drawback that the cooling rate is slower than the cooling method using liquid.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and suppresses formation of a vapor film on the surface of a long rolled steel material to greatly improve the cooling rate, and also provides a cooling device for a rolled steel material capable of uniform accelerated cooling and An object is to provide a cooling method.
- the present invention is a rolled steel cooling device for cooling a hot rolled long rolled steel material, comprising a plurality of chambers arranged along the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel material.
- Each of the plurality of chambers has a blow-out port for blowing out the cooling pressurized air introduced into the chamber from a gas introduction port connected to the chamber from the chamber toward the rolled steel material.
- a nozzle plate provided to face the rolled steel material, having a plurality of nozzle holes, a cooling water supply nozzle for supplying cooling water into the chamber, and provided between the gas inlet and the cooling water supply nozzle And a rectifying plate for preventing the cooling pressurized gas introduced from the gas introduction port from directly hitting the nozzle plate.
- the cooling device includes a cooling medium in which the cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle and a cooling pressurized gas introduced from the gas inlet and rectified by the rectifying plate are mixed. It sprays toward the said rolled steel material through the said nozzle hole of a plate, and the surface of this rolled steel material is cooled uniformly.
- a cooling water supply nozzle for supplying cooling water is installed in a chamber for injecting the cooling pressurized gas from the outlet toward the rolled steel material, and the cooling pressurized gas and the cooling water are mixed. Then, the collision speed of water droplets is increased by spraying the mist from the nozzle plate through the nozzle holes in the vertical direction (preferably perpendicular) to the surface of the rolled steel material, thereby quickly removing the water droplets adhering to the rolled steel material. Thereby, formation of the vapor film is hindered, and uniform cooling is possible without changing the cooling rate.
- a rectifying plate is installed between the gas introduction port and the cooling water supply nozzle so that the cooling pressurized gas introduced from the gas introduction port flows through the rectification plate to the entire chamber. This prevents variation in the amount of water related to the entire chamber.
- a plurality of holes may be formed in the current plate.
- it is formed at a location facing the gas inlet so that the discharge amount of the pressurized pressurized gas ejected from the nozzle plate through the nozzle hole is uniform in the longitudinal direction of the chamber. It is preferable that the total area per unit area of the holes formed is smaller than the total area per unit area of the holes formed in other places.
- the cooling water supply nozzle is directed to the nozzle plate.
- the ratio of the volume flow rate of the cooling pressurized gas to the volume flow rate of the cooling water may be 1000 to 50000.
- the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of the cooling pressurized gas to the volumetric flow rate of the cooling water is called the air / water ratio.
- the air / water ratio In the case of a high air / water ratio, the vapor film formed on the surface of the rolled steel material is eliminated by the pressurized gas for cooling, so the formation of the vapor film is hindered and stable cooling is ensured.
- the air / water ratio is less than 1000, the cooling rate varies greatly, and when the air / water ratio exceeds 50000, the cooling effect is saturated.
- the cooling pressurized gas may be air or nitrogen.
- the kind of the cooling medium is not limited, but air or nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling and economy.
- the cooling water may be supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle in a mist shape, a shower shape, or a flowing water shape.
- the particle size distribution of the mist injected from the nozzle plate through the nozzle hole has almost the same tendency regardless of the particle size of the water droplets supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle.
- the reason for this is that the cooling water supplied in the chamber once merges in the nozzle plate, and the combined cooling water is re-dispersed when sprayed from the nozzle plate hole together with the cooling pressurized gas. It is thought to be.
- the cooling water to be supplied may be in the form of mist, shower, or flowing water, and only cooling water may be supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle, or the cooling water and the pressurized gas for cooling are mixed. You may supply. In short, a predetermined amount of water may be supplied onto the nozzle plate.
- the rolled steel material is a rail, and the chamber is disposed so as to have a gap between the top of the rail and the chamber, and the cooling medium is directed from the nozzle hole of the nozzle plate toward the top of the rail.
- the chamber may be disposed so as to have a gap between the head side portion of the rail and the chamber, and the cooling is performed from the nozzle hole of the nozzle plate toward the head side portion of the rail.
- a medium may be jetted.
- Each of the chambers includes a widened portion having a wide width, a narrowed portion formed to be narrower than the widened portion, and the widened portion, And an inclined portion that connects them with the reduced width portion, and the outlet may be provided at an end of the reduced width portion.
- the rolled steel material is a rail, the chamber is disposed above the rail, the rectifying plate is disposed in a horizontal state in the widened portion of the chamber, a side end of the rectifying plate and an inner wall of the widened portion, A gap may be formed so that the pressurized gas for cooling passes between them.
- the rolling steel cooling device even when the chamber is disposed on the side of the rail, the chamber having the same configuration as the chamber disposed to face the top of the rail is turned sideways (90 degrees). Rolling) and arranged on both sides of the rail.
- the cooling method for cooling a long rolled steel material comprises mixing a cooling water supply nozzle for supplying cooling water, cooling air introduced through a gas inlet and the cooling water.
- a long rolled steel material that has been hot-rolled using a cooling device that includes a plurality of chambers having a blowout port that blows out the cooled cooling medium and a nozzle plate that is provided at an end of the blowout port and has a plurality of nozzle holes. It is the cooling method which cools.
- the cooling pressurized air introduced into the chamber through the gas inlet is rectified by a rectifying plate disposed between the gas inlet and the cooling water supply nozzle.
- the pressure air is rectified so as not to go directly to the outlet, and the cooling pressurized air rectified by the rectifying plate and the cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle are mixed as the cooling medium,
- the cooling medium is sprayed at a speed of 50 to 200 m / sec through a plurality of nozzle holes of the nozzle plate toward the surface of the rolled steel material arranged along the air outlet, so that the entire length of the rolled steel material is uniform. Cool down.
- the higher the collision speed the higher the cooling speed is obtained.
- the collision speed is 50 m / s or more, the variation in the cooling speed is reduced to about ⁇ 1.5 ° C. If the collision speed exceeds 200 m / s, the cooling effect is saturated.
- the ratio of the volume flow rate of the cooling pressurized gas to the volume flow rate of the cooling water may be 1000 to 50000.
- the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of the cooling pressurized gas to the volumetric flow rate of the cooling water is called the air / water ratio.
- the air / water ratio In the case of a high air / water ratio, the vapor film formed on the surface of the rolled steel material is eliminated by the pressurized gas for cooling, so the formation of the vapor film is hindered and stable cooling is ensured.
- the air / water ratio is less than 1000, the cooling rate varies greatly, and when the air / water ratio exceeds 50000, the cooling effect is saturated.
- the cooling water In the method for cooling rolled steel according to the present invention, it is preferable to supply the cooling water with the cooling water supply nozzle directed toward the nozzle plate.
- the cooling pressurized gas may be air or nitrogen.
- the kind of the cooling medium is not limited, but air or nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling and economy.
- the cooling water may be supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle in the form of mist, shower, or flowing water.
- the cooling start temperature of the rolled steel material after hot rolling may be not less than the austenite temperature, and the cooling end temperature of the rolled steel material may be 450 to 600 ° C. This is because quenching does not occur unless the cooling start temperature is not lower than the austenite temperature and the cooling end temperature is not higher than 600 ° C. On the other hand, if accelerated cooling is continued to less than 450 ° C., a martensite structure is formed in the rail head portion.
- the rolled steel material is a rail
- the chamber is disposed so as to have a gap between the top and side of the rail and the chamber, and the top of the rail and the top of the rail from the nozzle hole of the nozzle plate.
- the cooling medium may be sprayed toward the head side portion. By doing in this way, mist injection can be performed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the rail head.
- a cooling water supply nozzle for supplying cooling water is installed in a chamber for injecting a cooling pressurized gas from a blowout port toward the rolled steel material, and the cooling water is added.
- the compressed gas and cooling water are mixed and sprayed from the nozzle plate through the nozzle hole in the mist direction in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the rolled steel material, thereby increasing the impact speed of the water droplets and quickly removing the water droplets adhering to the rolled steel material. .
- formation of a vapor film is hindered, uniform cooling is possible without changing the cooling rate, and stable accelerated cooling is also possible.
- a rectifying plate is installed between the gas inlet and the cooling water supply nozzle so that the cooling pressurized gas introduced from the gas inlet flows uniformly throughout the chamber through the rectifying plate.
- variation in the water density in the entire chamber can be prevented.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a rolled steel cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the nozzle plate of the cooling device.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a pipe for supplying cooling water and a cooling water supply nozzle portion.
- FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram illustrating a cooling water supply state of a cooling water supply nozzle.
- FIG. 4B is a graph showing the relationship between the position of the cooling water supply nozzle of FIG. 4A and the water amount density.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a current plate is installed in the chamber.
- FIG. 6A is a graph showing an air discharge distribution and a mist water density ratio in a state where there is no rectifying plate in the chamber.
- FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the flow of air in the chamber in the state of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 7A is a graph showing an air discharge distribution and a water density density ratio of mist in a state where a rectifying plate is installed immediately below the blower.
- FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the air flow in the chamber in the state of FIG. 7A.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the mist collision speed and the cooling speed.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the air / water ratio and the variation in cooling rate.
- Cooling device 11 Chamber 11a Widening part 11b Inclination part 11cshrinking part 12 Air outlet 13 Gas introduction port 14 Nozzle plate 14c Nozzle hole 15 Cooling water supply nozzle 16 Current plate 17 Piping 17a Branch pipe 20
- Cooling device 21 Chamber 21a Widening part 21b Inclined portion 21c Reduced width portion 22
- Air outlet 23 Gas inlet 24
- Nozzle plate 25 Cooling water supply nozzle 26
- Current plate 27 Piping 30 Rail (Rolled steel) 31 head top 32 head side
- a rail is taken as an example of a long rolled steel material.
- Cooling devices 10 and 20 used for cooling rolled steel materials according to an embodiment of the present invention are cooling devices that cool the hot-rolled rail 30. As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling device 10 is disposed to face the top portion 31 of the rail 30, and the cooling device 20 is disposed to face the both-head side portions 32. The distance between the cooling device 10 and the top 31 of the rail 30 and the distance between the cooling device 20 and the head side 32 of the rail 30 are several mm to several tens mm, respectively.
- the cooling device 10 has a plurality of box-shaped chambers 11 that are elongated in the longitudinal direction of the rail 30 (the longitudinal dimension is about 1000 to 5000 mm).
- the plurality of chambers 11 are continuously arranged in a line along the longitudinal direction of the rail 30 over the entire length of the rail 30. That is, the number of chambers 11 is determined according to the length of the rail 30.
- the length of each chamber 11 is preferably about 5 m to 10 m, for example. Therefore, for example, when the length of the rail 30 is 50 m, the number of chambers 11 continuously arranged in a row is 5 to 10. When the length of the rail 30 is 100 m, the number of chambers 11 arranged in a row is 10 to 20.
- the chamber is arranged to cover the maximum rolling length of the rolled steel material produced in the facility, and the actual rolling length The number of chambers to be operated is selected accordingly.
- the individual chambers 11 and 21 will be described in detail.
- a gas inlet 13 for introducing air (an example of a pressurized gas for cooling) sent from a blower (not shown) is connected to the upper portion of the chamber 11 of the cooling device 10.
- a cooling water supply nozzle 15 is installed in the box-shaped chamber 11 so as to supply the cooling water supplied via the pipe 17 in the direction of the top 31 of the rail 30.
- a blower outlet 12 is provided at the downstream end of the chamber 11 and is configured to push the supplied cooling water toward the blower outlet 12 by air from the blower.
- the chamber 11 is provided with a widened portion 11a having a wide width and a blowout port 12 provided at an end on the downstream side, and a reduced width that is narrower than the widened portion 11a. It is formed by the part 11c and the taper-shaped inclination part 11b which connects these between the wide part 11a and the narrow part 11c.
- a nozzle plate 14 having a plurality of nozzle holes 14 c is attached to the air outlet 12 facing the rail 30 so as to be parallel to the top 31 of the rail 30.
- a rectifying plate 16 that prevents the air introduced from the gas inlet 13 from directly hitting the nozzle plate 14 is in a horizontal state. Is installed.
- the chamber 21 of the cooling device 20 is also connected to a gas inlet 23 for introducing air sent from a blower (not shown).
- a cooling water supply nozzle 25 is installed in the box-shaped chamber 21 so as to supply the cooling water supplied via the pipe 27 in the direction of the head side portion 32 of the rail 30.
- a blower outlet 22 is provided at the downstream end of the chamber 21 and is configured to push the supplied cooling water toward the blower outlet 22 by air from the blower.
- the chamber 21 has a widened portion 21a having a wide width and a blowout port 22 provided at the end on the downstream side, and a narrower width than the widened portion 21a. It is formed by a width portion 21c and a tapered inclined portion 21b connecting the wide portion 21a and the reduced width portion 21c.
- a nozzle plate 24 having a plurality of nozzle holes is attached to the air outlet 22 facing the rail 30 so as to be parallel to the head side portion 32 of the rail 30.
- a rectifying plate 26 is installed between the gas inlet 23 and the cooling water supply nozzle 25 in the widened portion 21 a so that the gas is uniformly dispersed and flows in the entire chamber 21.
- the nozzle plate 14, the cooling water supply nozzle 15, and the rectifying plate 16 of the cooling device 10 will be described in detail.
- the nozzle plate 24, the cooling water supply nozzle 25, and the rectifying plate 26 of the cooling device 20 are substantially the same. is there.
- the nozzle plate 14 is regularly formed with a large number of nozzle holes 14c having a diameter of about 2 to 10 mm, for example, with a predetermined interval (for example, an interval of about 2 mm to 10 mm).
- the short direction of the region in which the nozzle hole 14c is formed (the width direction of the rail 30) so that the mist (a cooling medium composed of a mixture of air and cooling water) is perpendicular to the full width of the top 31 of the rail 30. ) Is substantially the same as the width of the top 31 of the rail 30.
- a pipe 17 is arranged in the chamber 11 so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail 30, and as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of branch pipes 17a...
- the cooling water supply nozzle 15 is attached to each end of the branch pipe 17a.
- the cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle 15 may be mist, shower, or flowing water. Further, only the cooling water may be supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle 15, or the cooling water and air may be mixed and supplied.
- the water density of the mist sprayed from the nozzle plate 14 through the nozzle hole 14c is uniform so that the water droplets supplied from the cooling water supply nozzle 15 are sprayed toward the nozzle plate 14 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B). ).
- the rectifying plate 16 is disposed directly below at least a portion corresponding to the gas inlet 13 of the chamber 11 in a plan view. Further, a gap is formed between the side end of the rectifying plate 16 and the inner wall of the widened portion 11a so that air passes. As a result, the air introduced from the gas inlet 13 is distributed uniformly throughout the chamber 11 by the rectifying plate 16, and the water density distribution in the chamber 11 is prevented from being varied.
- a large number of holes may be formed in the rectifying plate, and the total area per unit area of the holes formed immediately below each of the plurality of gas inlets at that time is formed in other locations.
- the mist sprayed from the nozzle plate 14 through the nozzle hole 14 c may be uniform in the longitudinal direction of the chamber 11 by making it smaller than the total area per unit area of the holes.
- FIG. 6A is a graph showing an air discharge distribution and a mist water density ratio in a state where there is no rectifying plate in the chamber 11 (see FIG. 6B).
- the distance between the cooling water supply nozzle 15 and the nozzle plate 14 is 100 mm
- the interval between the adjacent cooling water supply nozzles 15 is 500 mm
- the gas inlet 13 is located at the center between the cooling water supply nozzles 15 (distance and All intervals are test examples).
- the amount of air discharged in the longitudinal direction of the chamber 11 is large directly under the gas inlet 13 and decreases as the distance from the gas inlet 13 increases.
- FIG. 7A is a graph showing the air discharge distribution and the water density density ratio of mist in a state (see FIG. 7B) in which a rectifying plate 16 having an appropriate shape is installed immediately below the gas inlet 13. Other conditions are the same as those in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- the distance between the current plate 16 and the nozzle plate 14 is 185 mm (test example).
- the air-water ratio of the cooling medium composed of a mixture of air and cooling water injected from the nozzle plates 14 and 24 through the nozzle holes is set to 1000.
- a cooling medium is supplied from the nozzle plate 14 disposed facing the head top 31 of the rail 30 toward the head top 31 through the nozzle hole 14c.
- Mist spray is supplied from the nozzle plate 24 disposed facing the head side portion 32 of the rail 30 toward the head side portion 32 through the nozzle holes.
- the rail head is uniformly cooled between the austenite region temperature and 450 to 600 ° C.
- the reason why the cooling temperature is determined as described above is that, unless the cooling start temperature is not lower than the austenite region temperature and the cooling end temperature is not higher than 600 ° C., it is not preferable in performing quenching. On the other hand, if accelerated cooling is continued to less than 450 ° C., a martensite structure is generated in the rail head portion, so that the hardness increases but the toughness decreases, which is not preferable.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the collision speed of the mist and the cooling speed obtained by the experiment.
- the cooling water supply nozzle was a nozzle BIM J 2015 manufactured by Ikeuchi Co., Ltd.
- the test specimen was a 141 lb rail with a length of 100 mm, and a thermocouple embedded at a depth of 2 mm from the top of the specimen was used. .
- the specimen was heated to 820 ° C. in a heating furnace, then taken out and cooled by the present cooling device from 750 ° C., and cooled to 500 ° C. or lower.
- Cooling conditions were set such that the discharge cooling water density was constant at 70 L (liter) / m 2 ⁇ min, and the amount of air was changed to set the mist collision speed to 5, 20, 50, 150, and 200 m / s. .
- the air pressure at this time was 1.1 to 1.2 atmospheres.
- the experiment was conducted 10 times for each collision speed, and the cooling rate was determined from the time required for the indicated value of the thermocouple from 750 ° C to 500 ° C. As a result, it was found that the higher the collision speed, the higher the cooling speed, and when the collision speed was 50 m / s or more, the variation in cooling speed was reduced to about ⁇ 1.5 ° C. and stabilized. In addition, when the collision speed exceeds 200 m / s, it is not realistic because the facility is enlarged and the running cost is increased.
- Table 1 shows the relationship between the air / water ratio and the cooling rate. From the table, it is understood that when the air / water ratio is 1000 or more, the standard deviation of the cooling rate is 2.2 or less, the effect is saturated at the air / water ratio of 50000, and stable cooling is possible.
- FIG. 9 is a graph of the data in Table 1.
- the pressurized gas for cooling introduced into the chamber is air, but it may be nitrogen.
- a cooling apparatus and a cooling method for a rolled steel material capable of significantly improving the cooling rate by suppressing the formation of a vapor film on the surface of the long rolled steel material and capable of uniform accelerated cooling. it can.
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2008年2月27日に日本出願された特願2008-046461と2008年2月28日に日本出願された特願2008-048383とに基づいて優先権を主張し、それらの内容をここに援用する。
そこで、特許文献2では、レール柱部の初析セメンタイトの生成を抑制し、且つ、レール頭部においてセメンタイト比率が高く、高硬度のパーライト組織を安定的に生成させるため、レール頭部をオーステナイト域温度から700~500℃までの間、1~10℃/sで加速冷却し、さらにレール柱部をオーステナイト域温度から750~600℃までの間、1~10℃/sで加速冷却するパーライト系レールの製造法が開示されている。
そこで、本発明では、気体導入口と冷却水供給ノズルとの間に整流板を設置して、気体導入口から導入された冷却用加圧気体が整流板を介してチャンバー全体に流れるようにすることで、チャンバー全体に関する水量のバラツキを防止している。
但し、孔を形成する場合には、前記ノズルプレートからノズル孔を通じて噴出する冷却用加圧気体の吐出量が前記チャンバーの長手方向で均一となるように、前記気体導入口に面する箇所に形成された前記孔の単位面積当たりの合計面積が、他の箇所に形成された前記孔の単位面積当たりの合計面積より小さくなるようにすることが好ましい。
前記冷却水の体積流量に対する前記冷却用加圧気体の体積流量の比は、気水比と呼ばれる。
高気水比の場合、圧延鋼材の表面に形成された蒸気膜が冷却用加圧気体によって排除されるため、蒸気膜の形成が阻害され、安定した冷却が確保される。この際、気水比を1000未満とすると、冷却速度のバラツキが大きく、気水比が50000を超えると、冷却効果が飽和する。
本発明では冷却媒体の種類は問わないが、扱いやすさと経済性の点から、空気又は窒素が好ましい。
従って、供給される冷却水は、ミスト状、シャワー状、流水状のいずれでも良く、冷却水供給ノズルから冷却水のみ供給しても良いし、冷却水と冷却用加圧気体とを混合して供給しても良い。要は、ノズルプレート上に所定の水量が供給されればよい。
前記冷却水の体積流量に対する前記冷却用加圧気体の体積流量の比は、気水比と呼ばれる。
高気水比の場合、圧延鋼材の表面に形成された蒸気膜が冷却用加圧気体によって排除されるため、蒸気膜の形成が阻害され、安定した冷却が確保される。この際、気水比を1000未満とすると、冷却速度のバラツキが大きく、気水比が50000を超えると、冷却効果が飽和する。
本発明では冷却媒体の種類は問わないが、扱いやすさと経済性の点から、空気又は窒素が好ましい。
冷却開始温度をオーステナイト域温度以上、且つ冷却終了温度を少なくとも600℃以下としなければ、焼き入れが生じず好ましくないからである。一方、450℃未満まで加速冷却を継続すると、レール頭部にマルテンサイト組織が生じるため、硬度は増すものの延靭性が低下するため好ましくない。
11 チャンバー
11a 拡幅部
11b 傾斜部
11c 縮幅部
12 吹出口
13 気体導入口
14 ノズルプレート
14c ノズル孔
15 冷却水供給ノズル
16 整流板
17 配管
17a 分岐管
20 冷却装置
21 チャンバー
21a 拡幅部
21b 傾斜部
21c 縮幅部
22 吹出口
23 気体導入口
24 ノズルプレート
25 冷却水供給ノズル
26 整流板
27 配管
30 レール(圧延鋼材)
31 頭頂部
32 頭側部
冷却装置10は、レール30の長手方向に細長い形状(長手方向の寸法は1000~5000mm程度)の箱形のチャンバー11を複数有している。レール30の全長を同時に冷却する必要があるため、複数のチャンバー11が、レール30の長手方向に沿い、レール30の全長に渡って一列に連続して配置される。つまり、チャンバー11の数は、レール30の長さに応じて決められる。1個あたりのチャンバー11の長さは、例えば、5m~10m程度が好ましい。そのため、例えば、レール30の長さが50mの場合は、一列に連続して配置されるチャンバー11の数は、5~10個になる。また、レール30の長さが100mの場合は、一列に連続して配置されるチャンバー11の数は、10~20個になる。
上記は、本発明のチャンバーの長さや数を限定するものではなく、実際の製造設備では、その設備において製造される圧延鋼材の最大圧延長さを覆う分だけチャンバーを配置し、実際の圧延長さに応じて稼動するチャンバーの数を選択することになる。
以下、個々のチャンバー11,21について詳細に説明する。
また、冷却水供給ノズル15から冷却水のみを供給しても良いし、冷却水と空気とを混合して供給しても良い。
チャンバー11内に整流板が無い場合、チャンバー11の長手方向に関する空気の吐出量は、気体導入口13直下が大きく、気体導入口13から離れるにつれて小さくなる。この状態で、冷却水供給ノズル15からミストを供給した場合、空気の流れが強い気体導入口13直下では、ミストが空気に押されるため、ノズルプレート14からノズル孔14cを通じて噴射されるミストの量は減少する。このため、チャンバー11長手方向の水量は不均一となる。
気体導入口13の直下に整流板16を設置した場合、気体導入口13からチャンバー11内に導入された空気は、整流板16に一旦衝突した後、チャンバー11全体に分散されるため、ノズルプレート14からノズル孔14cを通じて噴出する空気の吐出量は、チャンバー11全体で均一となる。
冷却水供給ノズルは、株式会社いけうち製のノズルBIM J 2015、供試体は、長さ100mmの141ポンドレールとし、供試体の頭頂部から深さ2mmの位置に熱電対を埋め込んだものを使用した。
供試体を加熱炉で820℃まで加熱した後、取り出して750℃から本冷却装置による冷却を開始し、500℃以下になるまで冷却した。冷却条件は、吐出冷却水量密度を70L(リットル)/m2・min一定とし、空気の量を変化させてミストの衝突速度を10、20、50、150、200m/sの5条件に設定した。なお、この際の空気圧は、1.1~1.2気圧とした。
Va=6.39×Ve/(h/d+0.6)
Claims (14)
- 熱間圧延された長尺の圧延鋼材を冷却する圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、
前記圧延鋼材の長手方向に沿って配置された複数のチャンバーを備え、
前記複数のチャンバーはそれぞれ、
前記チャンバーから前記圧延鋼材に向けて、前記チャンバーに接続された気体導入口からチャンバーに導入された前記冷却用加圧空気を吹出す吹出口と、
この吹出口に前記圧延鋼材に面するように設けられ、複数のノズル孔を有するノズルプレートと、
前記チャンバー内に冷却水を供給する冷却水供給ノズルと、
前記気体導入口と前記冷却水供給ノズルとの間に設けられ、前記気体導入口から導入された前記冷却用加圧気体が前記ノズルプレートに直接当たるのを防止する整流板と、
を備え、
前記冷却水供給ノズルから供給された前記冷却水と、前記気体導入口から導入され前記整流板によって整流された冷却用加圧気体とが混合された冷却媒体を前記ノズルプレートの前記ノズル孔を通じて、前記圧延鋼材に向けて噴射し、この圧延鋼材の表面の均一冷却を行う圧延鋼材の冷却装置。 - 請求項1に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、
前記圧延鋼材がレールであり、このレールの頭頂部と前記チャンバーとの間に隙間を有するように前記チャンバーが配置され、前記ノズルプレートの前記ノズル孔から前記レールの頭頂部に向けて前記冷却媒体が噴射される圧延鋼材の冷却装置。 - 請求項1に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、
前記圧延鋼材がレールであり、このレールの頭側部と前記チャンバーとの間に隙間を有するように前記チャンバーが配置され、前記ノズルプレートの前記ノズル孔から前記レールの頭側部に向けて前記冷却媒体が噴射される圧延鋼材の冷却装置。 - 請求項1に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、前記チャンバーは、
前記気体導入口を設けるために、その幅が広く形成された拡幅部と、
この拡幅部よりも幅が狭く形成された縮幅部と、
前記拡幅部と前記縮幅部との間でこれらを互いに連結する傾斜部と、
で形成され、
前記吹出口が前記縮幅部の端部に設けられている圧延鋼材の冷却装置。 - 請求項4に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、
前記圧延鋼材がレールであり、前記チャンバーが前記レールの上方に配置され、
前記チャンバーの前記拡幅部内に、前記整流板が水平状態で配置され、
この整流板の側端と前記拡幅部の内壁との間を前記冷却用加圧気体が通過するように隙間が形成されている圧延鋼材の冷却装置。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、前記冷却水の体積流量に対する前記冷却用加圧気体の体積流量の比が1000~50000である圧延鋼材の冷却装置。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、前記冷却用加圧気体が、空気又は窒素である圧延鋼材の冷却装置。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却装置であって、前記冷却水が、前記冷却水供給ノズルからミスト状、シャワー状、又は流水状に供給される圧延鋼材の冷却装置。
- 冷却水を供給する冷却水供給ノズルと、気体導入口を通じて導入された冷却用加圧空気と前記冷却水とを混合した冷却媒体を吹き出す吹出口と、前記吹出口の端部に設けられ複数のノズル孔を有するノズルプレートとを有する複数のチャンバーを備える冷却装置を使って、熱間圧延された長尺の圧延鋼材を冷却する冷却方法であって、
前記気体導入口を通じて前記チャンバーに導入された前記冷却用加圧空気を、前記気体導入口と前記冷却水供給ノズルとの間に配置された整流板により、前記チャンバーに導入された前記冷却用加圧空気が前記吹出口に直接向かわないように整流し、
前記整流板によって整流された冷却用加圧空気と、前記冷却水供給ノズルから供給された冷却水とを混合して前記冷却媒体とし、
前記冷却媒体を、前記吹出口に沿って配置された前記圧延鋼材の表面に向けて、前記ノズルプレートの複数のノズル孔を通じて50~200m/秒の速度で噴射し、前記圧延鋼材の全長を均一に冷却する圧延鋼材の冷却方法。 - 請求項9に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却方法であって、前記冷却水の体積流量に対する前記冷却用加圧気体の体積流量の比を1000~50000とする圧延鋼材の冷却方法。
- 請求項9または10に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却方法であって、前記冷却用加圧気体が、空気又は窒素である圧延鋼材の冷却方法。
- 請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却方法であって、前記冷却水供給ノズルから前記冷却水を、ミスト状、シャワー状、又は流水状に供給する圧延鋼材の冷却方法。
- 請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却方法であって、熱間圧延後の前記圧延鋼材の冷却開始温度をオーステナイト域温度以上とすると共に、この圧延鋼材の冷却終了温度を450~600℃とする圧延鋼材の冷却方法。
- 請求項9~13のいずれか1項に記載の圧延鋼材の冷却方法であって、前記圧延鋼材がレールであり、このレールの頭頂部及び頭側部と前記チャンバーとの間に隙間を有するように前記チャンバーを配置し、前記ノズルプレートの前記ノズル孔から前記レールの前記頭頂部及び前記頭側部に向けて前記冷却媒体を噴射する圧延鋼材の冷却方法。
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2009
- 2009-02-25 ES ES09714692.2T patent/ES2665045T3/es active Active
- 2009-02-25 RU RU2010136833/02A patent/RU2450877C1/ru active
- 2009-02-25 KR KR1020107018740A patent/KR101227213B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-25 CA CA2715320A patent/CA2715320C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-25 AU AU2009218189A patent/AU2009218189B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-25 EP EP09714692.2A patent/EP2253394B1/en active Active
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- 2009-02-25 CN CN2009801062869A patent/CN101959626B/zh active Active
- 2009-02-25 WO PCT/JP2009/053377 patent/WO2009107639A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPS5785929A (en) | 1980-07-23 | 1982-05-28 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Improvement for manufacturing rail and rail thereby |
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CN101782483A (zh) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-07-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种用于钢材冷却控制的试验平台 |
WO2014171848A1 (ru) | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-23 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" (Ооо Нпп "Тэк") | Устройство для термической обработки рельсов |
EA027490B1 (ru) * | 2013-04-17 | 2017-07-31 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" | Устройство для термической обработки рельсов |
WO2015105432A1 (ru) | 2014-01-13 | 2015-07-16 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" (Ооо Нпп "Тэк") | Способ и устройство для термической обработки стального изделия |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2253394B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
CA2715320A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
EP2253394A1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
KR101227213B1 (ko) | 2013-01-28 |
ES2665045T3 (es) | 2018-04-24 |
AU2009218189A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
US9255304B2 (en) | 2016-02-09 |
US20140208780A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
RU2450877C1 (ru) | 2012-05-20 |
US20100307646A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
RU2010136833A (ru) | 2012-04-10 |
CN101959626B (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2253394A4 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
CN101959626A (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
KR20100102232A (ko) | 2010-09-20 |
US8715565B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
AU2009218189B2 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
CA2715320C (en) | 2013-10-29 |
BRPI0908257A2 (pt) | 2015-07-21 |
BRPI0908257B1 (pt) | 2020-10-13 |
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