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US3685485A - Device for preventing scattering of developer - Google Patents

Device for preventing scattering of developer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3685485A
US3685485A US79517A US3685485DA US3685485A US 3685485 A US3685485 A US 3685485A US 79517 A US79517 A US 79517A US 3685485D A US3685485D A US 3685485DA US 3685485 A US3685485 A US 3685485A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
powder
air
developer
container
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US79517A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Noboru Kutsuwada
Katsumi Nagamatsu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP9814369U external-priority patent/JPS4825136Y1/ja
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3685485A publication Critical patent/US3685485A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
    • G03G21/007—Arrangement or disposition of parts of the cleaning unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/0896—Arrangements or disposition of the complete developer unit or parts thereof not provided for by groups G03G15/08 - G03G15/0894
    • G03G15/0898—Arrangements or disposition of the complete developer unit or parts thereof not provided for by groups G03G15/08 - G03G15/0894 for preventing toner scattering during operation, e.g. seals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
    • G03G2221/0005—Cleaning of residual toner

Definitions

  • the device includes a container for containing developing or cleaning mechanism and having an opening formed at a portion thereof, air communication ports disposed at the edge portions of the opening in the container so as to form an air flow for sucking any scattering developer, and filter means for catching and collecting the developer mixed with the air flow, thereby perfectly preventing the developer from scattering out of the developing or cleaning means.
  • This invention relates to a device for preventing the scattering of developer in an electrophotographic copying apparatus, and more particularly to such a device which is applicable to a dry type developing or cleaning means to prevent developer from scattering therefrom toward other parts of the copying apparatus and thereby eliminate the occurrence of troubles in the various operating mechanisms of the copying apparatus or in the electrodes for electrically charging a photosensitive medium, thus ensuring satisfactory image reproduction and minimizing waste of developer.
  • the device of the present invention may comprise a container for containing therein a developing or cleaning mechanism and having an opening formed at a portion thereof, and air communication ports provided at the edge portion or margin of the opening in the container so as to form a flow of air in that opening to thereby suck or force back the developer tending to fly out of the container.
  • Filter means is further provided to catch and collect the developer sucked with the air flow into the communication ports.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention as it is applied to the developing means;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of the present invention as applied to the developing means
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another form of the present invention as applied to the cleaning means
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the filter means used with the devices of FIGS. 1 to 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the same filter means.
  • a photosensitive medium I having an electrostatic latent image formed thereon is disposed over a drum 2 formed of metal and rotated in the direction indicated by an arrow.
  • a developer container 3 Adjacent the drum 2 there is a developer container 3 containing therein an amount of developer 4 and a developing brush 5 such as a magnetic or fur brush rotated in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum 2.
  • the developer container 3 has an opening formed in its walls at one comer portion thereof to allow contact between the brush 5 and the photosensitized medium 1 on the drum 2
  • An air outlet port 6 and an air inlet port 7 are disposed adjacent the opposite edge portions or margins of the opening in the container 3 as indicated at A and B, respectively.
  • edge portions A and B respectively provide an entrance and an exit of the developer container 3 with respect to the photosensitized medium 1.
  • the air outlet and inlet ports 6 and 7 are in communication with each other through connecting pipes 8 and 9, between which there are interposed a fan 10 and a detachable filter layer 11 forming a filter means 12.
  • a developer separator 13 such as an inclined plate is provided upstream or in front of the filter means 12, and a developer collector means 14 is disposed right below the developer separator 13 so as to collect any developer separated thereby from the air flow.
  • part of the developer 4 which tends to scatter from the rotating developing brush 5 into the exterior of the developer container 3 can be sucked with air through the air inlet port 7 onthe one hand, and can be forced back into the container 3 by the air blown thereinto through the air outlet port 6 on the other hand.
  • the tendency of the developer to scatter beyond the developer container 3 can be obviated satisfactorily.
  • the filter means 12 is directed to catch any developer contained in the air passing through the inlet port 7 and pipe 9, and the filter layer 11 thereof may preferably be an electrostatic filter layer comprising laminated layers of thin fiber such as polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, rayon or the like, the laminated layers of fiber being bound together by needling them in such a manner that the thin fibers forming the layers are uniformly entangled together. Further, the density of the fiber may be progressively increased from upstream to downstream (right to left as viewed in FIG. 1) so as to increase the filtering effect. Also, the filter layer 11 of the filter means 12 may be formed into a removable structure so as to facilitate the replacement or cleaning thereof.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photosensitive medium 1 on the drum 2 rotating in the direction indicated by an arrow is contacted by a developing brush 17 such as a magnetic or fur brush rotatably mounted in a developer container 15, which contains therein an amount of developer 16, and rotating in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum 2.
  • a developing brush 17 such as a magnetic or fur brush rotatably mounted in a developer container 15, which contains therein an amount of developer 16, and rotating in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum 2.
  • Two suction pipes 18 for sucking scattered developer extend into the developer container adjacent the opposite edges 19 of the opening thereof.
  • the portion of each of the suction pipes 18 which is disposed within the developer container 15 is formed with a number of suction ports 18' such as throughapertures or slits extending longitudinally of the pipes 18 for sucking therethrough the developer scattered in the container 15.
  • the suction pipes 18 are joined to transport pipes 20, which in turn join together at the other end to form an enlarged exhaust passage 1 ading to the atmosphere.
  • exhaust passage t ere is disposed a developer separator 21 such as the inclined plate below which there is removably mounted a developer collector means 22. Downstream of the developer separator 21, a filter layer 23 and a suction fan 24 are disposed transversely of the exhaust passage.
  • the scattered developer in the developer container may be sucked with air through the suction ports 18' of the suction pipes 18 and then passed through the transport pipes to strike the inclined plate 21, where most of the developer is caused to drop into the collector 22 while the remaining part of the developer is passed to and caught by the filter layer 23.
  • air alone is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the scattered developer which tends to go out of the developer container 15 is sucked into the suction pipes 18, whereby the other interior parts of the copying apparatus may be protected against such scattering developer. Furthermore, at the developer separator 21, most of the developer there is collected or retrieved by the collector 22 which, when filled with such developer, may be removed to return the collected developer into the developer container 15 and then may be put into its place again. Thus, unnecessary waste of developer is avoided.
  • the filter layer 23 may also be removed for cleaning or for replacement.
  • a pair of electrodes 25 may be provided within the developer container 15 in opposed relationship with the inner ends of the respective suction pipes 18, and connected with a bias voltage source 26 whose polarity is the same as that of the developer in use. When a bias voltage is applied thereto, such electrodes can serve to force the scattering developer toward the inner part of the container 15 and thereby minimize the scattering tendency of the developer.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an example of to cleaning device incorporating an anti-scattering device of the present invention.
  • a double-walled container 27 is employed to provide a suction passage 28 defined by the inner and outer walls of the container.
  • the photosensitive medium 1 on the drum 2 rotating in the direction of the arrow is contacted by a rotary cleaning brush 29 such as a magnetic or fur brush so as to remove any residual developer left on the surface of the photosensitized medium 1.
  • the developer removed from the medium 1 by the cleaning brush 29, as shown at 26, tends to remain in suspension within the space defined by the inner wall of the cleaning box 27.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show in greater detail theconstruction of the filter means used with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the filter means may comprise a pair of filter frames 30 holding a filter layer 31 therebetween.
  • the filter layer 31 (filter layer 11 or 23 of FIG. 1 or 2) may preferably be an electrostatic filter layer comprising laminated layers of thin fiber such as polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, rayon or the like, the layers of fiber being bound together by needling them in such a manner that the thin fibers forming the layers are entangled together.
  • the filter frames 30 are connected together at their top by engagement between a hooklike handle 32 pivotally mounted on one of the filter frames and a stud 33 formed on the other frame, while at the bottom the two filter frames 30 are hinged together at 34.
  • a hooklike handle 32 pivotally mounted on one of the filter frames
  • a stud 33 formed on the other frame
  • the two filter frames 30 are hinged together at 34.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 may be interchangeably applied to the developing means and the cleaning means of a dry type electrophotographic copying machine, and they may further be applicable to any other portion of the copying machine which may suffer from scattered developer. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the pressure of the air stream should be suitably varied depending on whether the present invention is applied to developing means or to cleaning means.
  • the device for preventing the scattering of developer according to the present invention is highly useful to prevent developer from scattering from any portion of a copying apparatus which deals with developer, such as developing means, cleaning means or the like, and thereby eliminates the occurrence of troubles which might otherwise arise in various operating mechanisms for those means or in electrodes for electrically charging the photosensitive medium.
  • the use of air flow for preventing the scattering of developer is advantageous in that no mechanical injury or damage is imparted to the surface of the photosensitive medium and accordingly to the image formed thereon.
  • a device for handling dry developer powder adjacent a photosensitive medium comprising in combination: a container for said powder having an opening in the walls thereof disposed in close opposition to a surface of said medium, means in said container for effecting transfer of said powder through said opening relative to said medium, air ports disposed adjacent the margins of said opening, means for impelling air having a suction inlet and a pressure outlet, an air passage interconnecting said suction inlet with said ports, and means disposed in said air passage for separating and retrieving said powder from a mixture of powder and air flowing through said passage.
  • a device wherein said ports are divided into two parts respectively adjacent opposite margins of said opening, said air passage interconnects one of said port parts with said suction inlet, and a further air passage interconnects the other port part with said pressure outlet.
  • a device wherein an electrode is mounted in said container adjacent an air port, and means are coupled to said electrode for supplying energy thereto for diverting said powder from said last mentioned air port.
  • a device wherein said energy supplying means applies DC. voltage to said electrode having the same polarity as said powder.
  • a device for handling dry developer powder adjacent a photosensitive medium comprising in combination: a container for said powder having an opening in the walls thereof disposed in close opposition to a surface of said medium, means in said container for effecting transfer of said powder through said opening relative to said medium, air ports disposed adjacent opposite margins of said opening, means for impelling air, filtfi sllfi ififi, li22fiill$fl5 filif lli siig for separating said powder from a mixture of powder and air flowing through said passage, a pair of electrodes disposed respectively adjacent opposite air ports, and means coupled to said electrodes for supplying energy thereto for diverting said powder from the respectively adjacent air port.
  • a device wherein said energy supplying means applies DC. voltage to said electrodes having the same polarity as said powder.
  • a device wherein said means in said air passage for separating said powder includes means for retrieving the powder so separated.
  • a device for handling dry developer powder adjacent a photosensitive medium comprising in com bination: a container for said powder having an opening in the walls thereof disposed in close opposition to a surface of said medium, means in said container for effecting transfer of said powder through said opening relative to said medium, air ports disposed adjacent opposite margins of said opening, means for impelling air having a suction inlet and a pressure outlet, an air passage interconnecting said suction inlet with said air ports, means disposed in said air passage for separating said powder from a mixture of powder and air flowing through said passage, a pair of electrodes disposed respectively adjacent opposite air ports, and means coupled to said electrodes for supplying a DC. voltage thereto having the same polarity as said powder.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
US79517A 1969-10-15 1970-10-09 Device for preventing scattering of developer Expired - Lifetime US3685485A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9814369U JPS4825136Y1 (de) 1969-10-15 1969-10-15
JP9814469 1969-10-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3685485A true US3685485A (en) 1972-08-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US79517A Expired - Lifetime US3685485A (en) 1969-10-15 1970-10-09 Device for preventing scattering of developer

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US (1) US3685485A (de)
DE (1) DE2050789C3 (de)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2421835A1 (de) * 1973-05-08 1974-12-05 Minolta Camera Kk Vorrichtung zum entfernen von resttoner
US3894514A (en) * 1973-12-20 1975-07-15 Ibm Toner recovery system
US3918808A (en) * 1972-12-21 1975-11-11 Ricoh Kk Photoreceptor cleaning device for electrophotographic copying apparatus of the dry cleaning agent type
US3942889A (en) * 1973-03-05 1976-03-09 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Residual toner removing apparatus
US3967892A (en) * 1974-07-26 1976-07-06 Xerox Corporation Development system
US4082061A (en) * 1977-03-14 1978-04-04 Xerox Corporation Multi-color development system
US4142269A (en) * 1977-02-16 1979-03-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cleaning device
US4168901A (en) * 1975-01-21 1979-09-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Developer housing sealing device for electrophotography
US4230406A (en) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-28 Xerox Corporation Cleaning system for an electrostatic copier
US4295734A (en) * 1979-02-01 1981-10-20 Olympus Optical Company Ltd. Filter assembly for collecting used toner of electrophotographic copying machine
US4361396A (en) * 1979-02-24 1982-11-30 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Collecting apparatus for scattering toner
US4377334A (en) * 1980-01-11 1983-03-22 Olympus Optical Company Ltd. Magnet roll developing unit
US4466730A (en) * 1982-12-09 1984-08-21 Xerox Corporation Development apparatus
US4657598A (en) * 1983-05-23 1987-04-14 The Odessa American, A Subsidary Of Freedom Newspapers, Inc. Rejuvenating newspaper film process
US4809035A (en) * 1987-07-07 1989-02-28 Allen Jr Joseph M Ion deposition printer with improved toning unit assembly including apparatus for separating and removing non-magnetic lubricating particles
US4850303A (en) * 1988-03-10 1989-07-25 Xerox Corporation Developer apparatus with removable developer waste sump
US4932355A (en) * 1985-10-09 1990-06-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for removing a developer mix from a developing station
US5028959A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-07-02 Xerox Corporation Vacuum collection system for dirt management
US5060015A (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-10-22 Konica Corporation Air flow controlling system for an image recording apparatus
US5146279A (en) * 1991-09-10 1992-09-08 Xerox Corporation Active airflow system for development apparatus
US5481339A (en) * 1993-06-18 1996-01-02 Xeikon Nv Air conditioning device for a printer
US5999791A (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-12-07 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Cleaning device for electrophotographic apparatus and electrophotographic apparatus having the same
EP1227372A1 (de) 2001-01-30 2002-07-31 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Verhinderung des Verstreuens von Toner und ein hiermit ausgestattetes Bilderzeugungsgerät
US6621995B1 (en) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Image-forming machine having a development station with a dusting control system
US20040223779A1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2004-11-11 Osamu Satoh Toner scatter suppressing developing device, image formation apparatus and process cartridge
US20060275049A1 (en) * 2005-06-07 2006-12-07 Lexmark International, Inc. Roller with mechanical properties influenced by rotation
US20100166451A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2010-07-01 Carl Freudenberg Kg Toner dust filter
US20230384711A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2023-11-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Toner cartridge and image forming apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS575630Y2 (de) * 1977-01-31 1982-02-02

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2804708A (en) * 1955-04-06 1957-09-03 Luther G Simjian Apparatus and method for retouching images
US2876737A (en) * 1953-10-12 1959-03-10 Battelle Development Corp Apparatus for developing electrostatic images on sheet material
US3332328A (en) * 1965-03-01 1967-07-25 Xerox Corp Xerographic developer seal and process
US3357403A (en) * 1967-01-03 1967-12-12 Xerox Corp Powder cloud development apparatus
US3585060A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-06-15 Gourdine Systems Inc Electrogasdynamic particle deposition systems

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2876737A (en) * 1953-10-12 1959-03-10 Battelle Development Corp Apparatus for developing electrostatic images on sheet material
US2804708A (en) * 1955-04-06 1957-09-03 Luther G Simjian Apparatus and method for retouching images
US3332328A (en) * 1965-03-01 1967-07-25 Xerox Corp Xerographic developer seal and process
US3357403A (en) * 1967-01-03 1967-12-12 Xerox Corp Powder cloud development apparatus
US3585060A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-06-15 Gourdine Systems Inc Electrogasdynamic particle deposition systems

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918808A (en) * 1972-12-21 1975-11-11 Ricoh Kk Photoreceptor cleaning device for electrophotographic copying apparatus of the dry cleaning agent type
US3942889A (en) * 1973-03-05 1976-03-09 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Residual toner removing apparatus
DE2421835A1 (de) * 1973-05-08 1974-12-05 Minolta Camera Kk Vorrichtung zum entfernen von resttoner
US3894514A (en) * 1973-12-20 1975-07-15 Ibm Toner recovery system
US3967892A (en) * 1974-07-26 1976-07-06 Xerox Corporation Development system
US4168901A (en) * 1975-01-21 1979-09-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Developer housing sealing device for electrophotography
US4142269A (en) * 1977-02-16 1979-03-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cleaning device
US4082061A (en) * 1977-03-14 1978-04-04 Xerox Corporation Multi-color development system
US4295734A (en) * 1979-02-01 1981-10-20 Olympus Optical Company Ltd. Filter assembly for collecting used toner of electrophotographic copying machine
US4361396A (en) * 1979-02-24 1982-11-30 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Collecting apparatus for scattering toner
US4230406A (en) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-28 Xerox Corporation Cleaning system for an electrostatic copier
US4377334A (en) * 1980-01-11 1983-03-22 Olympus Optical Company Ltd. Magnet roll developing unit
US4466730A (en) * 1982-12-09 1984-08-21 Xerox Corporation Development apparatus
US4657598A (en) * 1983-05-23 1987-04-14 The Odessa American, A Subsidary Of Freedom Newspapers, Inc. Rejuvenating newspaper film process
US4932355A (en) * 1985-10-09 1990-06-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for removing a developer mix from a developing station
US4809035A (en) * 1987-07-07 1989-02-28 Allen Jr Joseph M Ion deposition printer with improved toning unit assembly including apparatus for separating and removing non-magnetic lubricating particles
US4850303A (en) * 1988-03-10 1989-07-25 Xerox Corporation Developer apparatus with removable developer waste sump
US5028959A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-07-02 Xerox Corporation Vacuum collection system for dirt management
US5060015A (en) * 1989-12-14 1991-10-22 Konica Corporation Air flow controlling system for an image recording apparatus
US5146279A (en) * 1991-09-10 1992-09-08 Xerox Corporation Active airflow system for development apparatus
US5481339A (en) * 1993-06-18 1996-01-02 Xeikon Nv Air conditioning device for a printer
US5999791A (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-12-07 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Cleaning device for electrophotographic apparatus and electrophotographic apparatus having the same
EP1227372A1 (de) 2001-01-30 2002-07-31 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Verhinderung des Verstreuens von Toner und ein hiermit ausgestattetes Bilderzeugungsgerät
US6606468B2 (en) 2001-01-30 2003-08-12 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Toner scatter preventing device and image forming apparatus using the same
US6621995B1 (en) * 2002-03-11 2003-09-16 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Image-forming machine having a development station with a dusting control system
US20040223779A1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2004-11-11 Osamu Satoh Toner scatter suppressing developing device, image formation apparatus and process cartridge
US7103298B2 (en) * 2003-02-20 2006-09-05 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Toner scatter suppressing developing device, image formation apparatus and process cartridge
US20060275049A1 (en) * 2005-06-07 2006-12-07 Lexmark International, Inc. Roller with mechanical properties influenced by rotation
US7386249B2 (en) * 2005-06-07 2008-06-10 Lexmark International, Inc. Roller with mechanical properties influenced by rotation
US20100166451A1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2010-07-01 Carl Freudenberg Kg Toner dust filter
US20230384711A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2023-11-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Toner cartridge and image forming apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2050789A1 (de) 1971-05-13
DE2050789B2 (de) 1975-04-30
DE2050789C3 (de) 1976-01-02

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