TW423996B - Pulveriser and method of pulverising - Google Patents
Pulveriser and method of pulverising Download PDFInfo
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- TW423996B TW423996B TW088117665A TW88117665A TW423996B TW 423996 B TW423996 B TW 423996B TW 088117665 A TW088117665 A TW 088117665A TW 88117665 A TW88117665 A TW 88117665A TW 423996 B TW423996 B TW 423996B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/06—Jet mills
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
- F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
- F26B17/103—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with specific material feeding arrangements, e.g. combined with disintegrating means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
423396 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(1 ) 曼明領域 本發明指粉碎機及一粉碎之方法。 I明背景 在許多工業中,必須分解塊狀材料成爲細粉末。煤即爲 —例,在進入某些類型之電力風爐燃燒之前,必須將煤從 塊狀分解爲粉末。在大部分的應用上,石灰石 '白堊及其 他礦物亦需要被分解成粉末狀。 二在申請者的知識中,硬塊的碎裂並研磨成粉末,截至目 則爲止一直以機械性的方法來進行。具有移動工件可衝擊 並因而碎裂塊狀材料之球磨粉機、鎚碎機及其他機械結 構,被廣泛地使用著。 同時,應於移動氣流中碎裂塊狀材料的想法,亦已經被 提出。在先前美國公開説明書2832454中,一氣流以超音 速從喷嘴吹至一通風管中,並於通風管中速度降爲次音 速。微粒經由該通風管與噴嘴間之環狀間隙,被吸入該通 風管中’並於通風管中加以碎裂。在美國公開説明書 5 765 766中,欲碎裂之塊體掉落至一氣流管中、被氣流帶 進一分解腔_.,並吹向—可碎裂塊體之鐵砧。在以上兩種結 構中,塊體皆藉由方解區上游之空氣移動機構,被吹入該 分解區中。 在美國公開説明書3255793中,利用一離心式風扇經由 了圓形且固定截面之管件吸入空氣。該管連接至風扇外 殼、,在風扇外殼中,風扇轉子於—發散錐狀喷嘴中旋轉。 琢吳國公開説明書描述,進入該噴嘴之塊體將由於喷嘴内 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) Ί· -----------^-----------------線 {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再k本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印?取 423996 Β7 — ————- - 五、發明說明(2 ) 之空氣壓力小於微粒間之内壓力而分解。 本發明尋求提供一種新的粉碎機及一種新的粉碎方法。 發明簡述 依據本發明之一觀點’提供一種粉碎機,包含一空氣流 通管,該空氣流通管包括一文氏管、用以感應空氣以1馬 赫或更快的速度通過該文氏管之空氣移動機構,以及—位 於該文氏管上游,用以進入該管之入口,塊狀易碎材料可 經由該入口進給至該管,該空氣移動機構具有一吸入入 口,連接於該文氏管之出口。 該空氣移動機構可爲一離心式風扇,其吸入入口與風扇 轉子同軸,其出口則與該風扇轉子相切。 該部位之截面最好皆爲圓形。 爲了防止比預設尺寸大之塊體到達該文氏管,可裝設筛 選材料之機構β該粉碎機亦可包含進給該固體材料之機 構’該固體材料於行進方向彼此相隔,可視爲一塊體流3 該機構可爲一傾斜可旋轉之螺桿,以抬升已經通過一篩 網之塊體’該篩網可防止比預設尺寸大之塊體到達該文氏 #,該塊體3Γ從該螺桿之頂端排出,以掉落至該管中。 依據本發明進一步之觀點,提供一種可粉碎易砗材料之 方法,其中空氣以1馬赫或更大之速度被吸入通過一文氏 管’並且該欲粉末化之塊體材料被流向該文氏管之空氣所 揚起,並藉由流動空氣將塊體材科帶入該文氏管中。 爲了犯在不阻塞的情況下獲得有效的操作,該塊體最好 可以分成塊體流,連續地到達該文氏管。該材科可頦外地 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A‘l規格(210 X 297公爱) 1Τ--K-----------裝--------訂 --------線 (請先S3讀背面之注意事項再丨鳥本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印*1^ 423 996 ut Α7 __Β7________—- 五、發明說明(3 ) 加以篩選’以防止大於預設尺寸之塊體到達該文氏管。 附圖簡述 爲了说夠更了解本發明,並顯示相同事物如何有效實 施’在此藉由伴隨附圖之實例來作爲參考説明,其中: 圖1爲依據本發明,一粉碎機之部分側視圖; 圖2爲該粉碎機之上視圖; 圖3爲該粉碎機從一端望去之視圖;及 圖4以一較大的尺度圖解該粉碎機之操作。 較佳實例之詳細韻明 圖1至3所顯示之粉碎機1 〇包含爲一離心式風扇1 2之空 氣移動機構’可藉由一馬達14加以驅動》該馬達14安装 於一架16上’該架16本身則固定於該風扇12之外殼18。 該馬達14藉由一傳動帶22連接至—傳動軸2〇。該傳動軸 20由抽承24支撑’該軸承24本身固定於一進一步之架26 上。該架2 6則固定於該外殼丨8上。該傳動軸2 〇通過該外 欣18之璧面之一,且該風扇12之轉子(未顯示)由該外殼 1 8内之部分傳動軸2 〇所帶動。 工氣流.動管2 8連接至該外殼1 §之吸入入口 3 〇。必 須了解的是該離心式風扇之吸入入口 3〇與該風扇轉子及 傳動軸2 0同軸。該風扇之出口(參照圖2及3 )位於該外 殼18之外圍,並標示爲32。 該管2 8包括兩個分部3 4與3 6。分部3 4之形狀爲圓形, 並且如圖1與2所示,其右方構成管28之入口。該入口由 一過濾器3 8覆蓋。分部3 4於其上方部位有—延長開口 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ---------------裝---------ir---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項奔丨寫本ί〕 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 423996 a A7 _____B7________— 五、發明說明(4 ) 4 0 ’該開口 4 〇與漏斗4 2之開口較低端相通。該漏斗4 2之 上端爲開的。 該入口 30與分部34具有相同的直徑。 如圖1與2所示,該分部34之左方有一凸緣44,並且於 分邵36之右方有一凸緣46。該凸緣44與46利用螺检或其 他方式固定在一起。該分部36具有一第二凸緣48,藉由 該凸緣,分部3 6以螺栓固定於該入口 3 〇之一凸緣5 0。 該分部3 6爲一文氏管。更特別的是,該分部3 6包括— 漸縮部位5 2,其直徑由凸緣4 6漸進的縮減至一圓形部位 5 4 ’該圓形部位5 4之直徑比該分部3 4小。該部位5 4構成 一喉部。在該部位5 4與凸緣4 8之間有一發散部位5 6,在 空氣流動方向上’其直徑漸進地增加。部位5 2長於部位 5 6 ’因此部位5 2漸縮之角度較小。 固體易碎材料被倒進一儲存漏斗5 8,該儲存漏斗的上方 爲開的,下方爲密閉。該漏斗之較低端由一傾斜圓形壁 60所構成,該傾斜圓形壁與一傾斜進給螺桿62同軸。包 含一連串平行桿66之篩網64(圖2)可防止過大的塊體材科 進入該進給螺桿6 2。該螺捍6 2提升固體狀塊體,並將塊 體丟進孩漏斗42中,通過漏斗42,塊體掉落至該管28 中。此配置可提供一彼此分隔之塊體流,流進該管2 8 中,而且没有任何一個塊體超過預設尺寸。該螺桿62經 由一傳動機構7 0,由一馬達6 8所驅動。 圖4示意地圖解申請者認爲該碎粉機動作的方式。 -固體塊狀材料SP ’已經通過該篩網“之桿“間,並 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 χ297公釐) ----------------袭--------訂--------•線 f請先閱讀背面之注音?事項^本頁) 4 2 3 9 9 6 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(5) 由該螺桿62抬升進入該漏斗42 ’掉落至該管28中,並沿 著管被流動氣流推動。該塊體材料小於分部3 4,因此於 該分邵3 4内表面與該塊體s p之間有一間距D當塊體s p進 入該漸縮部位5 2時,該間距變得越來越小,最後該塊體 S P於艾氣可流通之部位5 2區域,產生一實質性的分解。 —再壓縮衝擊波SI隨後尾隨該固體狀塊體,一彈頭衝擊 波S 2建立於該固體狀塊體之前。在部位$ 2與部位5 4結合 處,有一駐足衝擊波S3。相信是這些衝擊波施加於該固 體狀塊體的動作使之分解。 由该風扇浮現出來的材料爲一細粉末。若忽略該風扇噪 音,該碎粉機不會製造任何重大的噪音。舉例來説,藉由 一短暫的聲音喷流可完成一塊煤分解成煤塵的過程。申請 者認爲該過程是由衝擊波撞擊該固體狀塊體使之分解所 致。 圖1至3之碎粉機具有以下技術特徵: 馬達額定功率6千瓦,使用三相380伏特電源; 風扇轉子速度5000轉每分鐘; 風扇轉子直徑300毫米; 部位52之長度.....40毫米; 部位5 4之長度.....7 0毫米; 部位56之長度.....360毫米; 凸緣4 4與漏斗4 2間的距離.....790毫米; 分郅3 4之直徑.....160毫米; 分部54之直徑.....70毫米; -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ---------------裝— (清先閱讀背面之注意事項於寫本頁) -線 423 996 A7 ___BZ_________ 五、發明說明(6 ) 5000轉每分鐘時之空氣流率,5 〇立方呎每分鐘。 截至目前施行於原型機的試驗顯示,在部位52及部位 5 4結合處之喉部’空氣速度可達到1馬赫。申請者相信, 駐足超音速衝擊波S 3於此區中產生,並於此衝擊波的雨 側產生非常高的壓力差。此壓力差在分解通過此衝擊波之 塊體材料成爲塵狀方面,具有舉足輕重的重要性。 破碎玻璃、石灰石、煤及破碎磚塊,已經成功地於前述 粉碎機中被分解成粉末。 :---.----------裝--------訂---------線 (請先閱續背面之注意事項孑^:寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 888^ ABCS 423996 六、申請專利範圍 1,一種粉碎機,包含—空氣流通管,該空氣流通管包括 —文氏管、用以感應空氣以i馬赫或更快的速度通過該 文氏管之空氣移動機構,以及一位於該文氏管上游, 用以進入該管之入口’塊狀易碎材料可經由該入口進 给至该管’該空氣移動機構具有—吸入入口,連接於 該文氏管之出口。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第丨項之粉碎機,其特徵爲該空氣移動 機構爲一離心式風扇,具有與風扇轉子同軸之吸入入 口,其出口則與該風扇轉子相切。 3 .如申請專利範圍第丨項之粉碎機,其特徵爲該文氏管包 含一喉部、一截面積從空氣入口端減少至該喉部之收 縮部位,以及一截面積從該喉部增加至空氣出〇端之 發散部位。 4 .如申請專利範圍第3項之粉碎機,其特徵爲該部位之截 面皆爲圓形。 5.如申請專利範圍第丨項之粉碎機,其中包括用以篩選欲 粉末化之材料之機構’以防止比預設尺寸大之塊體到 達該文氏管。 6 _如申請專利範園第1項之粉碎機,其中包括用以進給該 固體材料之機構,該固體材料於行進方向彼此相隔, 可視爲一塊體流。 7 如申請專利範圍第6項之粉碎機,其中該機構包含—傾 斜可旋轉進給之螺桿’以抬升已經通過—篩纟罔之塊 體’該篩網可防止比預設尺寸大之塊體到達該文氏 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公釐) ----------------裝--------訂----------線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再广W本頁) __ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 423996' § 六、申請專利範圍 管’該塊體可從該螺桿之頂端排出,以掉落至該管 中〇 8 . —種粉碎易碎材料之方法,其中空氣以1馬赫或更大之 速度被吸入通過一文氏管,並且該欲粉末化之塊體材 料被流向該文氏管之空氣所揚起,並藉由流動空氣將 塊體材料帶入該文氏管中。 9 .如申請專利範圍第8項之粉碎方法,其中包含分離該塊 體成爲塊體流,連續地到達該文氏管。 10.如申請專利範圍第9項之粉碎方法,其中包含篩選該材 料’以防止大於一預設尺寸之塊體材料到達該文氏 管。 1---------------------訂·-------丨線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再.A本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 •11· 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNSM4規格(210 X 297公发)
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GBGB9819398.0A GB9819398D0 (en) | 1998-09-04 | 1998-09-04 | Pulveriser and method of pulverising |
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TW423996B true TW423996B (en) | 2001-03-01 |
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TW088117665A TW423996B (en) | 1998-09-04 | 1999-10-13 | Pulveriser and method of pulverising |
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Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB9819398D0 (en) | 1998-09-04 | 1998-10-28 | Garfield Int Invest Ltd | Pulveriser and method of pulverising |
US7429008B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2008-09-30 | Power Technologies Investment Ltd. | System and method for pulverizing and extracting moisture |
US7059550B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2006-06-13 | Power Technologies Investment Ltd. | System and method for pulverizing and extracting moisture |
US7040557B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2006-05-09 | Power Technologies Investment Ltd. | System and method for pulverizing and extracting moisture |
EP1658237B1 (de) * | 2003-08-29 | 2010-08-25 | Bionik GmbH - Innovative Technik für die Umwelt | Verfahren zum zerkleinern partikulärer organ ischer substanzen in suspensionen von mikroorganismen |
GB0326233D0 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2003-12-17 | Power Technologies Invest Ltd | System and method for pulverising and extracting mositure |
US8057739B2 (en) | 2003-11-12 | 2011-11-15 | Pulverdryer Usa, Inc. | Liquid purification system |
US20070014684A1 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2007-01-18 | Case Wayne A | Air purification system |
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