RU2576699C1 - Method for reversal of internal combustion engine with reverse starter mechanism and pneumatic actuator system of two-valve gas distributor with charging of pneumatic accumulator of system with gas from compensation pneumatic accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reversal of internal combustion engines (ICE). This invention consists in following: for reversal of ICE crankshaft in preset rotation direction, control system with closed gas-distributing valve and ICE piston position near top dead center supplies fuel in ICE combustion chamber and, if necessary, ignites its spark-plug. System of fuel feed to combustion chamber independent of mechanical connection to crankshaft is employed, for example pneumatic, hydraulic, piezoelectric, etc. After stop and reversing piston movement direction to opposite one, and after finishing combustion products expansion, pneumatic drive system provides gas exchange in ICE at preset crankshaft rotation direction. Charging of system pneumatic accumulator is carried out by gas from compensating pneumatic accumulator. Two-valve gas distributor comprises pressure control valve and inlet and outlet valves connected to stick.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of system reverse operation.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The closest prototype of the claimed invention is patent application 2013155775, in respect of which a decision was made to grant a patent for the invention “A method for reversing an internal combustion engine with a non-reversible starter and hydraulic drive mechanism for a gas distribution valve and a fuel injector with charging its hydraulic accumulator with a working fluid”.

Summary: “The invention relates to the field of engine building, and in particular to methods of reversing the shafts of internal combustion engines (ICE). The technical result is to increase the efficiency of engine management. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the control system connects the shaft of the non-reversible starter mechanism with the engine crankshaft and rotates it. If the direction of rotation of the shaft of the starter mechanism does not coincide with the specified direction of rotation of the crankshaft, the control system with the piston in the vicinity of the top dead center at a time when the gas pressure above the piston increases to a value that provides the conditions for fuel combustion, disconnects the shafts and sets the fluid flow control valve the nozzle drive piston to a position in which fluid from the accumulator flows into the upper cavity of the nozzle plunger drive piston and the injection nozzle There is fuel in the combustion chamber. The fuel burns out, and the combustion products change the direction of movement of the piston and the rotation of the crankshaft to the opposite. With the piston position in the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the control system sets the fluid flow control valve to the position in which fluid from the accumulator flows into the upper cavity of the gas distribution valve drive piston. The exhaust valve connected to it opens. After the emission of gases into the atmosphere, the kinetic energy of the flywheel and the crankshaft rotates it, and the control system ensures the operation of the gas distribution valves and the fuel injector in accordance with the set direction of rotation of the ICE crankshaft. ”

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the claimed invention is to provide control of exhaust gas recirculation in all modes of operation of an internal combustion engine (ICE) by a pneumatic drive system of a two-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator.

In accordance with clause 2 of Article 1350 of the Code and clause 24.5.3. (4) of the Regulation, the quotation: “The conditions of an inventive step correspond, in particular: inventions based on the addition of a known means by any known part, upon reaching an unexpected for such addition technical result due to the relationship of the supplemented part and the known means. "

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by a description of the principle of operation of a two-valve gas distributor of an internal combustion engine by a pneumatic drive system with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator.

Charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas is as follows (see drawing). When starting the internal combustion engine, the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 compresses air or fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 at the compression stroke, which presses on the left end surface of the piston of the compressor drive 3, as a result of which it moves to the right (according to the drawing). The working gas (hereinafter referred to as the gas) located in the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 4 passes through the check valve 5 to the pneumatic accumulator of the drive system 6 (hereinafter - the pneumatic accumulator 6) and charges it. Charging the pneumatic accumulator 6 occurs at the first start of the internal combustion engine, and further recharging at working cycles. After the gas pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 6 reaches a value that ensures optimal functioning of the two-valve gas distributor as part of the air intake valve or fuel mixture 7 (hereinafter - valve 7) and the exhaust valve 8 (hereinafter - valve 8), as well as the gas distribution valve 9 (hereinafter, the gas distribution valve 9), the gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channel 10 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the stopper 11. As a result, the piston of the stopper 11 moves to the upper position, and connected to it the stopper 12 enters the groove of the piston of the compressor 4, blocks its movement, and the flow of gas into the pneumatic accumulator 6 stops.

In the initial position, the intake valve 7 is open, and the exhaust valve 8 and the gas distribution valve 9 are closed. Gas exchange in the internal combustion engine is as follows. To ensure a suction stroke, the control system sets the gas distribution valve 9 in the open position. For this, the control system sets the spool 13 to the position as shown in the drawing. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channels 10, 14, 15 enters the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, which is connected by the rod 17 to the gas distribution valve 9, as a result of which it occupies the lower position - it opens. Air or fuel mixture through the air inlet channel 18 and the open gas distribution valve 9 enters the combustion chamber of the engine 2. From the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, the exhaust gas flows through the channels 19, 20, 21 and the check valve 22 into the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23. When lowering the gas pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 6 is lower than the value, which ensures the optimal functioning of the valves of the two-valve gas distributor, the spring of the stop 24 moves the piston of the stop 11 and the stop 12 to the lower position. At one of the subsequent strokes of the intake of air or fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the engine 2, the spring of the piston of the compressor 25 transfers the piston of the drive of the compressor 3 and the piston of the compressor 4 to the original, left, position for charging the pneumatic accumulator 6. Gas from the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23 is supplied through the non-return valve 26 to the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 4. The compressor is ready for the next cycle of recharging the pneumatic accumulator 6. Upon the arrival of the ICE piston 1 to the bottom dead center, the control system puts the spool 13 into the right position. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 10, 14, 19 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, and the gas distribution valve 9 closes. The exhaust gas from the upper piston drive of the gas distribution valve 16 through the channels 15, 27, 21 and the check valve 22 enters the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23. The compression cycle begins, and then the expansion cycle of the combustion products begins. To ensure the cycle of exhaust exhaust products, the control system puts the intake valve 7 and exhaust valve 8 in the right position, for which sets the valve 28 in the left position. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 10, 29, 30 enters the left cavity of the piston of the intake valve actuator and exhaust valve 31 and moves the intake valve 7 connected by the rod 32 and the exhaust valve 9 connected by the rod 33 to the right. The inlet valve 7 closes and the exhaust valve 8 opens. Gas from the right cavity of the piston of the intake valve actuator and exhaust valve 31 through the channels 34, 35 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation air accumulator 23. The opening of the gas distribution valve 9 is shown above. As a result, the exhaust combustion products from the combustion chamber of the engine 2 through the exhaust exhaust channel 36 are thrown into the exhaust manifold. The problems of preventing gas leakage through gaps along the generatrixes of the surfaces of the rods 17, 32, 33 are solved by bellows 37, 38, 39.

To reverse the internal combustion engine in the set direction of rotation of the crankshaft, the control system with the gas distribution valve 9 closed and the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 in the vicinity of the top dead center delivers fuel to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 and, if necessary, ignites it with the spark plug. For fuel supply, a system for supplying fuel to the combustion engine of the engine 2, independent of mechanical connection with the ICE crankshaft, is used, for example, pneumatic, hydraulic, piezoelectric, etc. After stopping and changing the direction of movement of the piston of the ICE 2 to the opposite as a result of the action of the combustion products, and after completion of the expansion of the combustion products, the pneumatic drive system of the two-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system 6 with gas from the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23 with the gas distribution valve 9 and the inlet 7 and outlet 8 connected by the rod 33 valves provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine for a given direction of rotation of the crankshaft.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The method of reversing the internal combustion engine with a starter mechanism and a pneumatic drive system of a two-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensation pneumatic accumulator, including a control system, a two-valve gas distributor as a part of the gas distribution valve and the intake and exhaust valves connected by a rod, a starter mechanism independent of the mechanical connection with the engine internal combustion fuel supply system and spark plug, about characterized in that the control system connects the shaft of the starter mechanism to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and rotates its crankshaft, and if the direction of rotation of the shaft of the starter mechanism does not coincide with the direction of rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the control system is on the compression stroke with the valve closed and the piston position internal combustion engine in the vicinity of the top dead center independent of mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine with the fuel supply system supplies fuel to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, if necessary, ignites the fuel with a spark plug, disconnects the shaft of the starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, after stopping and reversing the direction of movement of the piston of the internal combustion engine to the opposite as a result of combustion products and after completion of expansion combustion products pneumatic drive system of a two-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the gas system Ohm from the compensation pneumatic accumulator by a gas-distributing valve and inlet and outlet valves connected by a rod provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine for a given direction of rotation of the crankshaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Materials and technology for the implementation of the claimed invention do not go beyond the scope of modern capabilities. At the current level of development of automatic control systems, the creation of a control system for the claimed invention is quite an ordinary task.

GRAPHIC MATERIAL

Drawing. Schematic diagram of the exhaust gas recirculation control system in an internal combustion engine by the hydraulic system of a two-valve gas distributor with charging the hydraulic accumulator of the system with liquid from a compensating hydraulic accumulator.

1 - piston ICE 1; 2 - combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2; 3 - the piston of the compressor drive; 4 - compressor piston; 5, 22, 26 - check valve; 6 - pneumatic accumulator; 7, 8 - valve; 9 - gas distribution valve; 10, 14, 15; 19, 20, 21, 27, 29, 30 34, 35 - channel; 11 - stopper piston; 12 - stopper; 13, 28, - spool of fluid flow control; 16 - the piston of the valve timing; 17, 32, 33 - stock; 18 - channel air intake; 23 - compensation pneumatic accumulator; 24 - a spring of a stopper; 25 - spring of the piston of the pump; 31 - piston of the intake valve and exhaust valve; 36 - channel exhaust exhaust products; 37, 38, 39 - bellows.

Claims (1)

The method of reversing the internal combustion engine with a starter mechanism and a pneumatic drive system of a two-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensation pneumatic accumulator, including a control system, a two-valve gas distributor as a part of the gas distribution valve and the intake and exhaust valves connected by a rod, a starter mechanism independent of the mechanical connection with the engine internal combustion fuel supply system, spark plug and to compensating pneumatic accumulator, characterized in that the control system connects the shaft of the starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, rotates its crankshaft, and if the direction of rotation of the shaft of the starter mechanism does not coincide with the set direction of rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, at the compression stroke with the valve closed and the position piston of an internal combustion engine near the top dead center fuel supply system, independent of mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, supplies fuel to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, if necessary, ignites the fuel with the spark plug, disconnects the shaft of the starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, after stopping and reversing the direction of movement of the piston of the internal combustion engine to the opposite as a result of combustion products and after completion expansion of combustion products; pneumatic drive system of a two-valve gas distributor with air accumulator charging; threads of compensating gas pressure reservoir and connected to gas control valve stem inlet and outlet valves allows gas exchange in the internal combustion engine at a predetermined crankshaft rotational direction.