RU2565256C1 - Combined drill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: drill comprises a hitch tongue 1, a position adjustment mechanism 2 of the longitudinal frame 3 with a hydraulic cylinder 4, an adjusting screw 5, a lever 6, a rod 7, and transport wheels 8. The drill has also a tillage annular harrow 9, a fertiliser hopper 12 with fertiliser tubes 13, a hopper 14 for seeds with seed tubes 15, a drive wheel 17 of sowing and fertiliser 18 units, sowing sections 19. Each of the sowing sections comprises a fertiliser opener 21 with the fertiliser distributor 22, a compacting roller 23 with the seed distributor 24, a coverer 25 and a levelling roller 26, attached to the frame through the parallelogram mechanism 20. On the outer diameter of the compacting roller 23 in the middle an annular thickening is made, which cross section in a plane passing through the generator of the outer diameter and the axis of the compacting roller, is made in the form of an isosceles trapezium. The surface of the projecting part of the annular thickening is made wavy in the form of convex arcs equal in length, intersecting each other. The distance from the surface of the projecting part of the annular thickening to the outer diameter of the compacting roller 23 is equal to the depth of seed embedding into the soil.

EFFECT: invention enables to distribute evenly the seeds on the bottom of the furrow, to provide seed embedding in planting for the same depth, to reduce the flow of water on the bottom of the furrow.

6 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Combined seeder.

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to combined seeders that perform several operations in one pass, for example, tillage and sowing seeds.

Known seeder according to copyright certificate SU No. 923405 IPC A01C 7/00, published on 04/30/82. Bull. No. 16, which contains serially connected, mounted on a frame equipped with conical flanges furrow-forming roller and a seed roller filling up the seed, a hopper for seed, seed meters and seed tubes for introducing seed into the grooves.

The disadvantages of this seeder are that:

1. Seeds are unevenly distributed along the bottom of the furrow, bouncing off the sidewalls of the furrows, and also, under the influence of the closing roller, are displaced from the initial position.

2. The same seed placement depth is not provided, as the conical flanges made on one long skating rink are buried at different depths due to uneven soil.

3. Moisture draining occurs along the grooves formed by the furrow-forming rollers, as well as the sealing rollers, which reduces the potential of the soil to effectively accumulate the moisture in it.

A seeder is also known according to copyright certificate SU No. 873923 IPC A01C 7/00, published on 10.23.81. Bull. No. 39, containing a frame on which is fixed three rows of openers, made in the form of lancet paws. Lenticular packer rollers are installed behind each paw along the line of its movement. On the surface of the rollers located at intervals of 23-69 cm across the seeder’s working width, wedge-shaped segments are installed which are spaced apart and whose height is 1 / 4-1 / 5 of the diameter of the packer roller.

The disadvantages of this seeder are that:

1. Seeds are unevenly distributed along the bottom of the furrow, bouncing off the side of the furrow, changing its position.

2. The same seed placement depth is not provided, since a roller with wedge-shaped segments rolls one furrow, then two furrows roll in rollers without wedge-shaped segments.

3. Moisture draining occurs along the grooves formed by the packer rollers without wedge-shaped segments, which reduces the potential of the soil to effectively accumulate the moisture in it.

The purpose of the invention:

1. Evenly distribute the seeds along the bottom of the furrow.

2. Provide seed placement when sowing at the same depth.

3. Reduce the flow of water along the bottom of the furrow.

This goal is achieved by the fact that an annular thickening is made in the middle of the outer diameter of the packer roller, the cross section of which in the plane passing through the generatrix of the outer diameter and the axis of the packer roller is made in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the surface of the protruding part of the annular thickening is made wavy in the form of equal lengths convex arcs intersecting each other, while the distance from the protruding part of the annular thickening to the outer diameter of the packer roller is equal to the depth of the seed into the soil.

The annular thickening is made removable and fixed to the outer diameter of the packer roller using a tight fit, while at one of the ends of the outer diameter of the packer roller a chamfer is made at an angle of 15 °.

The annular thickening is interchangeable.

The annular thickening can be made of plastic, for example polyamide.

The annular thickening can be made of hard rubber.

An annular tillage harrow and a seeder are mounted on separate frames and mounted on a longitudinal frame using clamps.

Thus, the inventive seeder combined meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions of this technical field are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive seeder combined meets the criterion of "significant differences".

In FIG. 1 shows a seeder combined, left view; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view; in FIG. 3 - mechanism for adjusting the position of the longitudinal frame, working position, left view; in FIG. 4 - the same, transport position, left view; in FIG. 5 - sowing section, left view; in FIG. 6 - packer roller, general view; in FIG. 7 is a section AA of FIG. 6.

The seeder combined (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a gusset 1, a mechanism 2 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) for adjusting the position of the longitudinal frame 3 with the hydraulic cylinder 4, the adjusting screw 5, the lever 6, the link 7 and the transport wheels 8, tillage ring harrow 9 and seeder 10 (Fig. 1), hopper 11 for fertilizers with fertilizer ducts 12, hopper 13 for seeds with vas deferens 14, drive wheel 15 (Fig. 2) of sowing 16 and fertilizer 17 devices, sowing sections 18 (Fig. 5 ), each of which includes a feeding knife 19 with a distributor of 20 fat, a packer roller 21 with a distributor of 22 sem yang, zagortach 23 and leveling roller 24, attached to the frame 25 using a parallelogram mechanism 26.

On the outer diameter "D" of the packer roller 21 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7), an annular thickening 27 is made in the middle, the cross section of which in the plane passing through the generatrix II of the outer diameter "D" and the axis II-II of the packer roller 21 is made in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the surface "B" of the protruding part of the annular thickening 27 (Fig. 7) is made wavy (Fig. 6) in the form of convex arcs 28 equal in length, intersecting each other, while the distance "H" from the surface "B" of the protruding part annular thickening 27 (Fig. 7) to the outer diameter "D" prik The pressure roller 21 is equal to the depth “h” of seed placement in the soil (Fig. 5), H = h.

The annular thickening 27 is removable and secured to the outer diameter “D” of the packer roller 21 by means of a tight fit, while one of the ends of the outer diameter “D” of the packer roller 21 is chamfered at an angle of 15 ° (Fig. 7).

The annular thickening 27 is removable.

The annular thickening 27 may be made of plastic, for example polyamide.

The annular thickening 27 may be made of hard rubber.

An annular tillage harrow 9 and a seeder 10 are mounted on separate frames 29 and 30 and mounted on the longitudinal frame 3 using clamps 31.

When the unit moves along the field (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) mounted on the frame 29, the soil cultivating harrow is annular 9 and mounted on the longitudinal frame 3 using clamps 31, cuts the weeds and loosens the surface soil layer.

Feeding knives 19 mounted on the sowing section 18 (Fig. 5) using a parallelogram mechanism 26 on the frame 30, cut the soil, providing access to fertilizers from the hopper 11 through the fertilizer 17, the fertilizer 12 and the fertilizer 20 (Fig. 1).

Packing rollers 21 having an annular thickening 27 on the outer diameter "D" in the middle (Fig. 6, Fig. 7), the cross section of which is in the plane passing through the forming II of the outer diameter "D" and the axis II-II of the packer roller 21 (Fig. 7), is made in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the surface "B" of the protruding part of the annular thickening 27 is made wavy in the form of convex arcs 28 equal in length, intersecting each other (Fig. 6), compact the soil, forming a furrow with a wavy bottom with depth "h "(Fig. 1) equal to the distance" N "from the protruding part of the ring evogo thickening 27 to the outer diameter «D» packer roller 21 (FIG. 7), h = H.

Seeds from the hopper 13 of the seeder 10 enter the furrow with a wave-like bottom (Fig. 1) through the sowing apparatus 16, seed tube 14 and seed distributor 22.

The drive (in FIG. Not shown) of the fertilizer 17 and sowing 16 devices is carried out from the drive wheel 15 (Fig. 2).

Seeds entering the furrow are evenly distributed along the wavy bottom.

Zagortachi 23 fill the furrow, and leveling rollers level the surface of the soil.

Translation of the seeder combined, attached to the power with the help of the snits 1 (Fig. 1), is carried out by a hydraulic cylinder 4 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) of the mechanism 2 for adjusting the position of the longitudinal frame 3 with the adjusting screw 5, lever 6, traction 7 and transport wheels 8 .

Due to the fact that the seeder 10 and the tillage harrow annular 9 (Fig. 1) are mounted on separate frames 29 and 30, mounted on the longitudinal frame 3 with the help of clamps 31 (Fig. 2), it allows on the basis of the longitudinal frame 3 with a position adjustment mechanism 2 longitudinal frame 3 create a new unit, for example, a two-track disc harrow.

The execution of the annular thickening 27 on the outer diameter "D" of the rolling roller 21, the cross section of which in the plane passing through the generatrix II of the outer diameter "D" and the axis II-II of the rolling roller 21, in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the surface "B" of the protruding part of the ring thickenings 27 wave-like in the form of convex arcs 28 equal in length, intersecting each other, and the distance “H” from the surface “B” of the protruding part of the annular thickening 27 to the outer diameter “D” of the packer roller 21 is equal to the depth “h” of seed placement in the soil, H = h wish to set up:

1. Evenly distribute the seeds along the bottom of the furrow.

2. Provide seed placement when sowing at the same depth.

3. Reduce the flow of water along the bottom of the furrow.

The implementation of the annular thickening removable allows you to make an annular thickening of any suitable material, for example polyamide or rubber of hard grades.

Performing annular thickening with interchangeable ones allows using the seeder combined for sowing various crops, and chamfering at an angle of 15 ° on one of the ends of the outer diameter of the packer roller makes it easy to replace the annular thickening.

Claims (6)

1. Combined seeder, containing a bale, a mechanism for adjusting the position of the longitudinal frame with a hydraulic cylinder, an adjusting screw, a lever, traction and transport wheels, a ring tillage harrow and a seeder, a fertilizer hopper with fertilizer ducts, a seed hopper with seed tubes, a drive wheel for sowing and fertilizing machines , sowing sections, each of which includes a feeding knife with a fertilizer spreader, a packer roller with a seed dispenser, a shortener and a leveling roller, attached to the frame using pa an allelogram mechanism, characterized in that an annular thickening is made in the middle on the outer diameter of the packer roller, the cross section of which in the plane passing through the generatrix of the outer diameter and the axis of the packer roller is made in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the surface of the protruding part of the annular thickening is made wavy in the form of equal the length of convex arcs intersecting each other, while the distance from the surface of the protruding part of the annular thickening to the outer diameter of the press roller avno depth of seeding the soil. 2. Combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular thickening is removable and secured to the outer diameter of the packer roller using a tight fit, with a bevel at one of the ends of the outside diameter of the packer roller at an angle of 15 °. 3. Combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular thickening is interchangeable. 4. Combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular thickening can be made of plastic, for example polyamide. 5. Combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular thickening can be made of hard rubber. 6. Combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular tillage harrow and the seeder are mounted on separate frames and mounted on the longitudinal frame using clamps.

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