KR100897243B1 - Liquid Rare Earth Fertilizer Formulation - Google Patents
Liquid Rare Earth Fertilizer Formulation Download PDFInfo
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- KR100897243B1 KR100897243B1 KR1020080007129A KR20080007129A KR100897243B1 KR 100897243 B1 KR100897243 B1 KR 100897243B1 KR 1020080007129 A KR1020080007129 A KR 1020080007129A KR 20080007129 A KR20080007129 A KR 20080007129A KR 100897243 B1 KR100897243 B1 KR 100897243B1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 희토와 요소를 중탕 가열하여 액상 희토 비료 원액을 제조하고, 여기에 증류수를 혼합한 후 상온으로 식혀 제조된 액상 희토 비료 제제에 관한 것으로, 폐기물과 폐수가 발생되지 않아 환경오염이 없고, 농작물에 맞는 영양분을 맞춤형으로 첨가할 수 있으며, 원액의 농도가 높고 안전성이 높으며, 작물의 흡수이용률이 높기 때문에, 이를 시용함으로써 재배 작물의 줄기와 잎을 굵게 하여 생육을 더 왕성하게 하고, 과일의 크기와 수량을 크게 제고하며. 또한 과일의 당도와 경도를 높여 품질을 크게 향상시키는 효과가 있다.The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation prepared by heating the rare earth and urea in a hot water bath, and then mixing distilled water and cooling it to room temperature. There is no environmental pollution since no waste and waste water are generated. Nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner, and the concentration of the stock solution is high, the safety is high, and the absorption efficiency of the crop is high, so that the stems and leaves of the cultivated crops are thickened to increase the growth, and Greatly increased size and quantity. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has the effect of greatly improving the quality.
희토, 비료, 요소 Rare earth, fertilizer, urea
Description
본 발명은 액상 희토 비료 제제에 관한 것으로 보다 구체적으로는 희토와 요소를 중탕 가열하여 얻어진 폐기물과 폐수가 발생되지 않아 환경오염이 없고, 농작물에 맞는 영양분을 맞춤형으로 첨가할 수 있으며, 원액의 농도가 높고 안전성이 높으며, 작물의 흡수이용률이 높은 액상 희토 비료 제제 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation. More specifically, waste and waste water obtained by heating the rare earth and urea are not generated, so that there is no environmental pollution, and nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner. The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation having a high, high safety, high absorption rate of crops, and a method for producing the same.
최근 들어 지구환경의 악화로 인한 가뭄과 홍수, 이상 기온과 저온 등의 자연재해가 빈번하게 일어나고 있으며, 농업환경도 날로 악화되어 가고 있다. 더구나 도하개발어젠다(DDA)와 자유무역협정(FTA) 협상이 여러 나라와 진행되면서 우리 농민들은 더욱 큰 어려움에 처해 있다. Recently, natural disasters such as drought and flood, abnormal temperature and low temperature due to deterioration of the global environment occur frequently, and the agricultural environment is also deteriorating day by day. Moreover, as the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) and Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations have been carried out with many countries, our farmers are in greater trouble.
환경의 중요성과 식품 안정성에 대한 소비자들의 관심이 높아지면서 1990년대부터 환경을 보호하면서 양질의 건강 농산물을 생산하자는 지속농업, 환경농업이 확대되기 시작하였다. 그러나 환경농업은 첫째, 농산물 생산량의 저하가 우려되기 때문에 환경농업이 확대될 경우 식량난 해결에 어려움이 있다. 둘째, 화학비료를 사용하지 않고 유기질비료나 특수 천연비료를 자가 생산하여 사용하기 때문에 작물이 필요로 하는 영양분을 균형 있게 공급하기가 어렵다. 셋째, 병충해가 발생하였을 경우 미생물 배양물이나 천연물질을 자체 개발하여 사용하고는 있으나 근본적인 병충해 방제에 문제가 있다. As consumers' concern about the importance of the environment and food safety has increased, sustainable and environmental agriculture began to expand in the 1990s to produce quality healthy agricultural products while protecting the environment. However, environmental farming, firstly, is concerned about the deterioration of agricultural production. Therefore, it is difficult to solve food shortages if environmental agriculture is expanded. Second, because organic fertilizers or special natural fertilizers are produced and used without using chemical fertilizers, it is difficult to provide a balanced supply of nutrients required by crops. Third, when a pest occurs, microorganism culture or natural materials have been developed and used in-house, but there is a problem in controlling pests.
한편, 생활수준의 향상과 선진 외국에서의 국내 주요 과채류에 대한 수입이 증가함에 따라 토마토의 수요도 매년 증가하고 있으나 재배기술과 환경관리의 미흡으로 고품질 토마토의 생산이 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 품질이 양호하면서 수량과 안전성이 높은 방울토마토의 생산기술을 개발하여 국민건강을 증진시키고 수출을 확대하여야 할 것이다.On the other hand, the demand for tomatoes is increasing every year as the standard of living improves and imports of major domestic vegetables and vegetables from developed countries are increasing. However, the production of high quality tomatoes is difficult due to the lack of cultivation technology and environmental management. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the production technology of cherry tomatoes with high quality and high quantity and safety to promote national health and expand exports.
환경농업에서 야기되는 위와 같은 문제점을 해결하고, 좋지 않은 환경(가뭄, 습해, 고온, 저온 등)에 대한 내성을 증진시키며, 농산물의 품질을 향상시키기 위하여 개발한 것이 "희토비료" 이다.The "rare fertilizer" was developed to solve the above problems caused by agriculture, to improve the resistance to bad environment (drought, wet, high temperature, low temperature, etc.) and to improve the quality of agricultural products.
희토는 화학원소 주기율표상의 란탄계 15개 원소인 La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Tb, Lu 및 이들과 성질이 유사한 2개 원소인 Y와 Sc를 합한 17개의 천연 광물질원소를 희토라 하며, 이 중 작물생육과 품질향상에 탁월한 효과가 있는 경희토 중심으로 개발한 제품이 “희토비료”이다Rare earth is La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Tb, Lu, which are 15 lanthanum based elements on the periodic table of chemical elements, and Y and Sc The 17 natural mineral elements combined together are called rare earths, and among them, the rare earth fertilizer is a product developed mainly from light rare earths that has excellent effects on crop growth and quality improvement.
기상이변(이상 고온, 저온, 가뭄, 습해 등)이나 중금속이나 농약, 자외선 등에 과다하게 노출되었을 때 작물체 내에서는 ROS(활성산소)가 발생하여 세포를 공격하여 작물에 큰 피해를 준다. 희토는 방어효소(SOD, CAT, POD, PPO 등)의 활성을 증가시켜 ROS에 대한 방어체계를 형성하고 각종 스트레스를 완화시킨다. 그리고 가 용성 당, 단백질 및 아미노산 합성을 촉진하며 엽록소 함량을 증가시킴으로서 광합성 능력을 증진시킨다. When extreme weather conditions (abnormal high temperature, low temperature, drought, wet, etc.) or heavy exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, ultraviolet rays, etc., ROS (active oxygen) is generated in the crops, attacking the cells and causing great damage to the crops. Rare earth increases the activity of defensive enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, PPO, etc.) to form a defense against ROS and relieve stress. It also promotes the synthesis of soluble sugars, proteins and amino acids and enhances photosynthetic capacity by increasing chlorophyll content.
또한 희토는 각종 효소를 활성화함으로써 작물의 대사작용을 촉진하여 생육을 좋게 하며 양분의 흡수 조절과 환경스트레스(자연재해, 병충해, 고온, 저온, 건조, 습해 등)에 대한 적응력을 높여 작물이 안전하고 튼튼하게 자라게 한다. In addition, rare earth promotes the metabolism of crops by activating various enzymes to improve their growth. Make it grow strong.
희토비료는 작물의 엽록소 함량을 높이어 광합성을 촉진하고, 줄기를 튼튼하게 하여 도복을 방지하는 효과가 있다. 그리고 각종 환경 스트레스(가뭄, 습해, 추위, 더위 등)에 대한 내성을 강화 시키고 질병에 대한 내성을 증가시켜 작물의 수량과 품질을 높이고 저장성을 향상시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. Rare earth fertilizer has the effect of increasing the chlorophyll content of crops to promote photosynthesis and strengthening the stems to prevent shedding. In addition, it is known to increase the yield and quality of crops and improve shelf life by enhancing resistance to various environmental stresses (drought, wet, cold, heat, etc.) and increasing resistance to diseases.
희토는 식물의 생장을 촉진하고 생리활성을 높여 수량과 품질개선 효과가 탁월한 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 최근에는 희토에 의한 고품질 청정 농산물 생산에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는데, 희토 시용으로 과일과 채소의 신선도를 오래 유지할 수 있으며 내병성 증진은 물론 질산태질소 및 농약잔류량을 감소시킬 수 있다. Rare earth is known to improve the yield and quality by promoting plant growth and increasing physiological activity. In particular, in recent years, interest in the production of high-quality clean agricultural products by rare earth is increasing, and the application of rare earth can maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables for a long time, and can improve the disease resistance and reduce the amount of nitrogen nitrate and pesticide residues.
지금까지는 분말형태의 희토를 물에 희석하여 사용하여 왔으며, 이에 대한 종래 방법으로는 “희토비료에 의한 농산물의 수량증대 및 품질향상 방법”에 관한 본 발명자의 대한민국 등록특허 제10-0664737호가 있다. 상기 방법에서는 사료 작물에 대하여 희토류 원소로 이루어진 비료를 물에 희석하여 20ppm 또는 800ppm의 농도로 맞추어 사용하는 방법 및 과수, 채소 또는 벼에 사용하여 사료작물 종자의 출현율 및 출현속도를 증가시켜 사료작물의 수량을 증대시키게 하며, 또한 과수, 채소 또는 벼의 생장을 촉진시키며 그 품질을 향상시키고 있다. Until now, the rare earth in powder form has been used after dilution with water, and there is a conventional method of the Korean Patent No. 10-0664737 of the present inventors regarding the "a method for increasing yield and quality of agricultural products by rare earth fertilizer". In the above method, the fertilizer composed of rare earth elements for feed crops is diluted with water at a concentration of 20 ppm or 800 ppm, and used for fruit trees, vegetables or rice to increase the appearance rate and the appearance rate of the feed crop seeds. Increasing yields, and also promoting the growth and quality of fruit, vegetables or rice.
하지만, 일반 농가에서 사용하는데 여러 가지로 번잡하고, 수송 및 다량 대면적 살포에 어려움이 많았다. 더욱이 분말형태의 기존 희토비료는 물에 1,000 ~ 2,000배로 희석하여 사용하기 때문에 번거롭고, 수송과 사용에 시간과 비용이 많이 소요되며, 온도와 pH가 맞지 않을 경우 침전물이 발생하여 분무기의 노즐이 막히고 작물에 대한 흡수율과 효과가 저하되는 경우가 많았고, 또한 100배 이하의 농축액 제조가 어려웠다. 앞으로는 항공기를 이용한 대량살포가 시대의 추세이기 때문에 현재의 분말 희토비료는 농축액 제조가 어려워 항공살포가 불가능하므로, 농축액 살포가 가능한 액상 희토비료 개발이 절실히 요구되었다. However, it is complicated to use in general farmhouses and has a lot of difficulties in transportation and large area spreading. Furthermore, the conventional rare earth fertilizer in powder form is cumbersome because it is diluted by 1,000 to 2,000 times in water, and it is cumbersome for transportation and use, and when the temperature and pH are not matched, sediment is generated and the nozzle of the sprayer is blocked and Absorption rate and the effect | action with respect to the fall were many, and it was difficult to manufacture the concentrate of 100 times or less. Since mass spraying by aircraft is the trend of the future, the current powder rare earth fertilizer is difficult to manufacture the concentrate, so it is impossible to spray the air, so the development of liquid rare earth fertilizer capable of spraying the concentrate was urgently required.
본 발명자들은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 극복하고자 예의 연구를 거듭하여, 농가에서 간편하고 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 액상 희토비료를 개발하여 방울토마토에 엽면시비 함으로서 방울토마토의 생장 특성, 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다.The present inventors have made intensive studies to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and developed a liquid rare earth fertilizer that can be used simply and conveniently in a farmhouse and applied it to foliar tomatoes to affect the growth characteristics, quantity and quality of the cherry tomatoes. The impact was evaluated.
따라서 본 발명의 목적은 폐기물과 폐수가 발생되지 않아 환경오염이 없고, 농작물에 맞는 영양분을 맞춤형으로 첨가할 수 있으며, 원액의 농도가 높고 안전성이 높고, 작물의 흡수이용률이 높아 농가에서 간편하고 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 액상 희토 비료 및 그 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.Therefore, the object of the present invention is that waste and waste water does not occur, there is no environmental pollution, can be customized to add nutrients suitable for crops, high concentration of stock solution, high safety, high absorption and utilization rate of crops, easy and convenient at the farm It is to provide a liquid rare earth fertilizer and a method for producing the same can be used easily.
상기와 같은 본 발명의 목적은 염화희토와 요소를 혼합하여 액상 희토 비료 제제를 제조하고, 이를 작물에 시용하여 작물의 생육특성, 수확량 및 품질을 분석하여 작물의 줄기를 짧게 하면서 줄기와 잎을 튼튼히 하여 열매 수와 무게를 증가시킴으로서 수량을 크게 제고하고, 생육 도중 식물생육에는 전혀 피해가 가지 않음을 확인함으로써 달성되었다.The purpose of the present invention as described above is to prepare a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation by mixing chlorine rare earth and urea, and applied to the crop to analyze the growth characteristics, yield and quality of the crop to shorten the stem of the crop while keeping the stem and leaves firmly This was achieved by increasing the number and weight of the fruit, thereby greatly increasing the yield, and confirming that there was no damage to the plant growth during the growth.
본 발명은 염화희토 30 내지 35 중량부와 요소 65 내지 70 중량부를 중탕 가열하여 액상 희토 비료 원액을 제조하는 단계; 수득한 액상 희토 비료 원액에 증류수 15 내지 25 중량부를 넣고 교반하여 추가로 혼합하여 액체 혼합물로 제조하는 단계; 및 상기 혼합물을 상온으로 식혀 액상 희토 비료 제제를 수득하는 단계로 이루어진 액상 희토 비료 제제의 제조 방법을 제공한다.The present invention comprises the steps of preparing a liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution by heating in 30 to 35 parts by weight of rare earth chloride and 65 to 70 parts by weight of urea; 15 to 25 parts by weight of distilled water was added to the obtained liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution, followed by stirring to further prepare a liquid mixture; And cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 방법으로 제조되어 비중이 1.3~1.5g/mL이며 pH가 6인 액상 희토 비료 제제를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation having a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of 6 prepared by the above method.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 액상 희토 비료 제제를 작물의 엽면에 살포하는 것을 특징으로 하는 농작물의 수량 증진 및 품질 향상 방법을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a method for increasing the yield and quality of the crop, characterized in that the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation is sprayed on the foliar of the crop.
본 발명에 따른 액상 희토 비료는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같은 반응장치에 의해 제조될 수 있으며, 외부 가열 용기 1은 화학적으로 반응을 일으키지 않아야 유리제품, 프라스틱이나 강한 스텐용기로 구성된 것이 바람직하고, 용기 2는 열에 잘 견딜 수 있어야 하기 때문에 용기1과 10cm이상 여유를 두는 것이 바람직하고, 그 사이에 물이 채워진다. 또한, 용기 내에서 재료를 반죽할 수 있는 주걱이 사용되며, 이는 화학적 반응을 방지하기 위하여 유리나 목재 재질의 것을 사용한다.Liquid rare earth fertilizer according to the present invention can be prepared by the reaction apparatus as shown in Figure 1, the external heating vessel 1 is preferably composed of glass, plastic or strong stainless steel container should not cause a chemical reaction, the container Since 2 should be able to withstand heat well, it is preferable to allow the container 1 and 10 cm or more to be filled with water in between. In addition, a spatula is used to knead the material in the container, which uses glass or wood to prevent chemical reactions.
용기 2에 용기 1을 넣고 용기 1과 용기 2사이의 공간에 물을 넣는다. 보일러를 이용하여 용기를 가열하여, 용기 1과 용기 2 사이의 물이 70℃로 유지 되도록 조정한다.Place container 1 in container 2 and add water to the space between container 1 and container 2. The vessel is heated using a boiler to adjust the water between vessel 1 and vessel 2 to be maintained at 70 ° C.
이어서, 용기 1에 염화희토RE(Cl)3·6H2O (질산희토나 다른 희토류는 용액에 침전물이 발생함) 30 내지 35 중량부, 바람직하게는 32 중량부와 요소(NH2CONH2) 65 내지 70 중량부, 바람직하게는 67중량부를 넣는다. 온도를 70℃(70℃ 이하에서는 희토와 요소간의 반응이 더디며, 70℃ 이상에서는 암모니아 가스가 발생하여 바람직하지 못함)로 유지하면서 가열을 지속하여 용기내의 재료가 열이 발생하면서 액체화 될 때, 주걱으로 재료들을 혼합하여 합성반응을 촉진시키는 것이 바람직하다.Then, in the vessel 1, 30 to 35 parts by weight of rare earth RE (Cl) 3 .6H 2 O (rare nitrate or other rare earths precipitate in solution), preferably 32 parts by weight and 65 to 70 parts of urea (NH2CONH2). Parts by weight, preferably 67 parts by weight. When the material in the container becomes liquid when heat is generated while maintaining the temperature at 70 ° C (below 70 ° C or less, the reaction between rare earths and urea is slow, and above 70 ° C, which is undesirable because ammonia gas is generated). It is desirable to mix the materials with a spatula to promote the synthesis reaction.
합성반응이 완료되면 맑은 액체 형태의 액상 희토 비료 원액을 얻을 수 있다.When the synthesis reaction is completed, a liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution in clear liquid form can be obtained.
수득한 액상 희토 비료 원액에 증류수 15 내지 25 중량부, 바람직하게는 20 중량부를 넣고 교반하여 추가로 혼합하여 액체 혼합물로 제조한다. 이어서, 상기 혼합물을 상온으로 식혀 액상 희토 비료 제제를 수득하고, 이를 일반 용기에 담아 보관하였다. 15 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 20 parts by weight of distilled water, are added to the obtained liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution and further mixed by stirring to prepare a liquid mixture. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation, which was stored in a general container.
수득한 액상 희토 비료의 비중은 1.3~1.5g/mL이며 pH는 약 6이다.The liquid rare earth fertilizer obtained had a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of about 6.
상기에서 수득한 액상 희토 비료 제제를 작물에 시용함으로써, 작물의 줄기의 굵기를 굵게 하고 잎을 두껍게 하고, 수확과수를 증가시키며, 총 과일의 수량도 증수된다. 또한, 액상 희토 비료 제제의 시용은 과수의 무게를 증가시키고, 당도를 향상시키고, 과육의 경도 또한 크게 증가시킨다.By applying the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation obtained above to crops, the stems of the crops are thickened, the leaves are thickened, the harvested fruit is increased, and the total fruit yield is also increased. In addition, the application of liquid rare earth fertilizer formulations increases the weight of fruit trees, improves sugar content, and greatly increases the hardness of the flesh.
이와 같이 본 발명에 따른 액상 희토 비료 제제는 작물의 줄기를 짧게 하면서 줄기와 잎을 튼튼히 하여 열매 수와 무게를 증가시킴으로서 수량을 크게 제고하며, 생육 도중 식물생육에는 전혀 피해를 주지 않고, 특히 방울토마토의 경우의 절간을 짧게 하면서 줄기와 잎을 굵게 하여 식물이 건강하고 생육이 더 왕성하여졌으며, 과일의 크기와 수량을 크게 제고하였다. 또한 과일의 당도와 경도를 높임으로서 방울토마토의 품질을 크게 향상시키는 결과를 가져왔다.As described above, the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation according to the present invention improves the yield by increasing the number and weight of fruits by shortening the stems of the crops and strengthening the stems and leaves, and does not cause any damage to the plant growth during the growth. The stems and leaves were thickened while the intercalation was shortened, and the plants were healthy and more vigorous, and the fruit size and yield were greatly increased. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of cherry tomatoes.
본 발명에 따른 액상 희토 비료는 폐기물과 폐수가 발생되지 않아 환경오염이 없고, 농작물에 맞는 영양분을 맞춤형으로 첨가할 수 있으며, 원액의 농도가 높고 안전성이 높으며, 작물의 흡수이용률이 높기 때문에, 이를 시용함으로써 재배 작물의 줄기와 잎을 굵게 하여 생육이 더 왕성하게 하고, 과일의 크기와 수량을 크게 제고하며. 또한 과일의 당도와 경도를 높여 품질을 크게 향상시키는 효과가 있다.The liquid rare earth fertilizer according to the present invention does not generate waste and waste water, so there is no environmental pollution, and the nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner, since the concentration of the stock solution is high, the safety is high, and the absorption and utilization of crops is high, By thickening the stems and leaves of cultivated crops, they grow more vigorously and greatly increase the size and quantity of fruits. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has the effect of greatly improving the quality.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시형태를 실시예를 참고로 보다 상세하게 설명한다. 하지만 본 발명의 범위가 이러한 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
실시예 1: 액상 Example 1 Liquid 희토비료의Rare earth fertilizer 제조 Produce
도 1에 개략적으로 도시한 반응장치를 이용하여 중탕 가열 방식으로 액상 희토비료를 제조하였다. A liquid rare earth fertilizer was prepared by a heated bath using a reactor shown schematically in FIG. 1.
염화희토 RE(Cl)3 . 6H₂O 는 (유) 동성엔씨티(전북 정읍시 영파동 소재)로부터 구입하였으며, 요소 (NH2CONH2)는 (주)남해화학(전남 여천시 낙포동 소재)로부터 구입하였다.Rare Chloride RE (Cl) 3 . 6H₂O was purchased from Dongsung NCT (Yeong-dong, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk), and urea (NH 2 CONH 2 ) was purchased from Namhae Chemical (Nakpo-dong, Yeocheon-si, Jeonnam).
우선, 용기 2에 용기 1을 넣고 용기 1과 용기 2사이의 공간에 물을 넣었다. 보일러를 이용하여 용기를 가열하여, 용기 1과 용기 2 사이의 물이 70℃를 유지 하도록 조정하였다.First, vessel 1 was placed in vessel 2 and water was placed in the space between vessel 1 and vessel 2. The vessel was heated using a boiler to adjust the water between vessel 1 and vessel 2 to maintain 70 ° C.
이어서, 용기 1에 희토 33.5kg과 요소 70kg을 넣었다. 용기내의 재료가 열과 가스가 나오면서 액체화 될 때, 주걱으로 30분간 재료들을 혼합하여 합성반응을 촉진시켜 맑은 액체 80kg을 수득하였다. Subsequently, 33.5 kg of rare earth and 70 kg of urea were put into the container 1. When the material in the container became liquid with heat and gas, the material was mixed with a spatula for 30 minutes to promote the synthesis reaction to obtain 80 kg of clear liquid.
수득한 액체에 증류수 20ℓ를 넣고 30분 동안 교반하여 추가로 혼합하여 액체 혼합물을 제조하였다. 이어서, 상기 혼합물을 상온으로 식혀 액상 희토 비료 제제를 수득하고, 이를 일반 용기에 담아 보관하였다. 수득한 액상 희토 비료의 비중은 1.3~1.5g/mL이며 pH는 약 6이었다.20 L of distilled water was added to the obtained liquid, followed by stirring for 30 minutes to further prepare a liquid mixture. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation, which was stored in a general container. The liquid rare earth fertilizer obtained had a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of about 6.
액상희토의 이화학적 성분을 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 종합분석실에 의뢰하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다.The physicochemical constituents of liquid rare earth were analyzed by the Comprehensive Analysis Room of the Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University. The results are as follows.
<표 1>TABLE 1
액상희토의 구성성분(중량%)Components of Liquid Rare Earth (wt%)
액상희토의 희토함량은 X선 형광분석기(XRF, S4EXPLORER)로 정량하였으며, 일반성분은 AOAC(1995) 방법에 준하였고, 무기물은 원자흡광도계(Automic Absorption Spectrophotometer)로 분석하였다.The rare earth content of the liquid rare earth was quantified by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF, S4EXPLORER), the general component was AOAC (1995) method, the inorganic material was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Automatic Absorption Spectrophotometer).
<표 2>TABLE 2
액상희토의 이화학적 성분Physicochemical Components of Liquid Rare Earth
실험예Experimental Example 1: 액상 1: liquid 희토Rare earth 비료 처리가 방울토마토의 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향 평가 Evaluation of Effect of Fertilizer Treatment on Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato
1. 공시작물의 파종 및 시험설계1. Sowing and test design of test object
전북 장수군 소재 가나안 프러그에서 구입한 방울토마토(var. 꼬꼬방울) 모종을 전북대학교 실험온실에 2007년 4월 6일에 정식하였다. 주폭 35cm, 휴폭 50cm 간격으로 무처리구, 분말희토 처리구, 액상희토 처리구로 구분하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 12주씩 난괴법으로 배치하였다.Cherry tomato seedlings purchased from Canaan Frog, Jangsu-gun, Jeonbuk, Korea, were planted on April 6, 2007 at the experimental greenhouse of Chonbuk National University. At the interval of 35cm in circumference and 50cm in width, it was divided into untreated, powdered rare earth, and liquid rare earth treated areas.
2. 재배 및 수확2. Cultivation and Harvest
상기에서 정식한 방울토마토를 농가관행으로 시비관리 및 측지 제거작업을 하였다. Fertilizer management and geodetic removal of the above-mentioned cherry tomatoes were farming practices.
대조구로서 분말 희토 비료를 1회 살포 시 1,300배액으로 4월 6일에 엽면살포하였고, 2회와 3회는 1,000배액을 4월 21일과 5월 10일에 각각 엽면살포하였다. As a control, foliar spray was applied on April 6 with 1,300 times of spraying powder rare earth fertilizer once, and 1,000 times of 2 times and 3 times, respectively, on April 21 and May 10, respectively.
처리구로서, 상기 실시예 1에서 제조한 액상 희토 비료 원액을 분말 희토와 같은 시기에 3회 엽면살포하였다. 물은 토양의 수분상태를 관찰하면서 보충하였으며, 1차 수확은 6월 14일에, 2차 수확은 6월 28일에 하였다.As a treatment tool, the liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution prepared in Example 1 was foliarly sprayed three times at the same time as powder rare earth. Water was supplemented by observing soil moisture conditions, with the first harvest on June 14 and the second harvest on June 28.
3. 잎과 줄기의 두께, 과일 당도 및 경도 측정3. Determination of Leaf, Stem Thickness, Fruit Sugar and Hardness
당도 측정은 굴절계(Hand Refractometer, Atago N-1α, Japan)를 사용하였으며, 잎과 줄기의 두께는 디지매틱 캘리퍼(Digimatic Caliper, Mitutoyo, Japan)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 경도는 물성 측정기(Fudoh Rheo Meter, Rheotech, Japan)를 사용하여 과육의 경도를 측정하였다.The sugar content was measured using a hand refractometer (Atago N-1α, Japan), and the thickness of leaves and stems was measured using a Digimatic Caliper (Mitutoyo, Japan). Hardness was measured by using a physical property meter (Fudoh Rheo Meter, Rheotech, Japan).
<표 3> TABLE 3
방울토마토의 생장특성Growth Characteristics of Cherry Tomato
* : 컬럼 내에서 상이한 상첨자를 의미한다(p<0.01)*: Means different superscripts in the column (p <0.01)
희토 시용으로 평균 절간길이가 짧아졌는데 무처리구의 평균 절간길이는 5.05cm인데 비해 분말희토 처리구는 4.21cm, 액상희토 처리구는 4.78cm로 분말희토 처리구의 절간길이가 가장 짧았다. 제1화방의 높이는 분말희토 처리구와 액상희토 처리구가 각각 17.6, 18.1cm로 무처리구의 18.5cm에 비해 모두 낮았다. 제2화방의 높이에서도 제1화방과 같은 경향을 보여주었다. 액상희토 처리로 줄기가 7.8% 굵어지고 잎이 11.2% 두꺼워졌는데 개체 차이가 컸기 때문에 처리구간 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.The average intercution length was shortened by the application of rare earths. The average intercution length of the untreated was 5.05cm, while that of the powder rare earth was 4.21cm and that of the liquid rare earth was 4.78cm, which was the shortest. The heights of the first flowerpots were 17.6 and 18.1 cm in the powder rare earth and liquid rare earth treatments, respectively, compared to 18.5 cm in the untreated area. The height of the second room showed the same trend as the first room. The liquid rare earth treatment made the stem thicker by 7.8% and the leaf thicker by 11.2%. However, there was no statistical significance between treatments because of the large individual differences.
<표 4> TABLE 4
방울토마토의 수량Quantity of Cherry Tomato
제1화방과 제2화방의 수확과수는 희토처리로 크게 증가하였으며 과일 수량도 크게 증가하였다. 제1화방의 과일 무게는 액상희토 처리구가 무처리구에 비해 28.7%가 증수되었으며, 제2화방에서도 19.3%가 증수되었다. 식물체당 총 과일 수량은 분말희토 처리구에서는 12.3%가 증수되었으며, 액상희토 처리구에서는 21.2%가 증수되었다.Harvesting fruits of the first and second flower gardens were greatly increased by rare earth treatment, and the fruit yield was also greatly increased. The fruit weight of the first flower garden was increased by 28.7% in the liquid rare earth treated group and 19.3% in the second flower garden. The total fruit yield per plant was increased by 12.3% in the powder rare earth treatment and 21.2% in the liquid rare earth treatment.
<표 5> TABLE 5
방울토마토의 품질Quality of Cherry Tomato
* : 컬럼 내에서 상이한 상첨자를 의미한다(p<0.01)*: Means different superscripts in the column (p <0.01)
방울토마토의 개당 평균 무게(1과중)는 무처리에 비해 액상희토 처리구가 14.6% 더 무거웠다. 당도는 분말희토 처리구의 과일이 무처리구에 비해 18.2% 향상되었으며, 액상희토 처리구는 7.6%의 향상효과가 있었다. 과육의 경도는 희토처리로 크게 증가되었는데(p<0.01), 특히 분말희토 처리구의 과육이 더 단단하였다.The average weight of the cherry tomatoes (1 fruit) was 14.6% heavier in the liquid rare earth treated group than in the untreated group. The sweetness of the powder rare earth treated group was improved by 18.2% compared to the untreated group, and the liquid rare earth treated group was improved by 7.6%. The hardness of the pulp was greatly increased by the rare earth treatment (p <0.01), especially the pulp of the powder rare earth treatment was harder.
희토처리로 평균 절간길이가 전체적으로 짧아지면서 화방경의 높이가 낮아졌으며, 줄기가 커지고 잎이 두꺼워졌다. 그리고 열매수가 희토처리로 많아지고 수량도 증가하였으며, 열매의 당도와 경도가 증가되었다. 액상희토 처리는 분말희토 처리에 비해 줄기와 잎이 더 두꺼워졌으며, 수량도 약 8%가 증수되었다.Rare earth treatment resulted in a shorter average intercution length, lowering the height of flower gardens, increasing stems, and thickening leaves. The number of fruits increased with rare earth treatment and the yield increased, and the sugar content and hardness of the fruits increased. Liquid rare earth treatments had thicker stems and leaves than powder rare earths, and yields increased by about 8%.
분말희토와 액상희토 시용이 방울토마토의 생장과 수량, 과일품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 전북대학교 실험온실에서 재배하여 조사한 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. The main results of cultivation in laboratory greenhouse of Chonbuk National University to investigate the effects of powdered rare earth and liquid rare earth on the growth, yield and fruit quality of cherry tomato are as follows.
방울토마토의 생육특성 : 액상희토 시용으로 평균 절간길이가 짧아졌으며, 제1화방경과 제2화방경의 높이도 낮아졌다. 또한 토마토 줄기의 굵기를 굵게 하고 잎을 두껍게 하였다.Growth Characteristics of Cherry Tomato: The average intercution length was shortened by the application of liquid rare earth, and the heights of the first and second arbors were also lowered. In addition, the thickness of the tomato stem was thickened and the leaves were thickened.
방울토마토의 수량 : 액상희토 시용으로 수확과수가 증가되었으며, 총 과일의 수량도 21.2%가 증수되었다.The yield of cherry tomatoes was increased by the application of liquid rare earth, and the yield of total fruit increased by 21.2%.
방울토마토의 품질 : 액상희토 시용은 방울토마토의 1과중 무게를 약 14.6% 증가시켰으며, 당도는 7.6% 향상되었다. 과육의 경도도 크게 증가되었다.Quality of cherry tomato: Liquid rare earth application increased the weight of cherry tomatoes by about 14.6% and the sugar content improved by 7.6%. The hardness of the pulp also increased significantly.
종합 고찰 : 액상 희토 비료는 줄기를 짧게 하면서 줄기와 잎을 튼튼히 하여 열매 수와 무게를 증가시킴으로서 수량을 크게 제고하였다. 그리고 생육 도중 식물 생육에는 전혀 피해가 가지 않았다.Synthesis: Liquid rare earth fertilizers increased the yield by increasing the number and weight of fruits by shortening the stems and strengthening the stems and leaves. There was no damage to plant growth during growth.
결론 : 액상희토비료의 시용으로 방울토마토의 절간을 짧게 하면서 줄기와 잎을 굵게 하여 생육이 더 왕성하여졌으며, 과일의 크기와 수량을 크게 제고하였다. 또한 과일의 당도와 경도를 높임으로서 방울토마토의 품질을 크게 향상시키는 결과를 가져왔다. 액상희토는 기존의 분말희토와 효과 면에서 차이가 없으면서 농축액으로 사용이 가능하기 때문에 취급과 사용이 편리하고 안전하며, 대량살포에 유리하였다.CONCLUSIONS: The application of liquid rare fertilizers shortened the intercalation of cherry tomatoes, thickened the stems and leaves, and resulted in more vigorous growth. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of cherry tomatoes. Liquid rare earths can be used as a concentrated liquid without any difference in effect from conventional powder rare earths, which is convenient and safe to use, and is advantageous for mass spraying.
상기한 바와 같이 본 발명을 특정의 바람직한 실시예를 참고로 하여 기술하였지만, 당업자들에게는 본 발명이 이러한 실시예에 한정되지 않는다는 점이 이해될 것이다. 오히려, 본 발명자들의 의도는 본 발명이 하기의 청구범위에 반영된 바와 같이 가장 넓은 의미로 이해되고 파악되도록 하는 것이다. 따라서 이들 청구범위는 당업계의 통상의 기술을 지닌 자들에게 자명한 바와 같이, 본 명세서에 기재된 바람직한 실시예뿐만 아니라, 다른 모든 추가의 변경 및 변형을 포함하는 것으로 이해될 것이다.While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Rather, the intention of the inventors is to enable the present invention to be understood and understood in its broadest sense as reflected in the following claims. Accordingly, these claims will be understood to encompass the preferred embodiments described herein, as well as all other additional changes and modifications, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
도 1은 본 발명의 액상 희토 비료 제제를 제조하기 위한 장치를 개략적으로 도시한 도이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for preparing a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation of the present invention.
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| JPH0570270A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-03-23 | Seiwa Kasei Kk | Fertilizer for growing cultured plant and growing method |
| KR19990084061A (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 1999-12-06 | 류종완 | RExOy-FERTILIZER AND IT'S APPLYING METHOD |
| KR100664737B1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2007-01-03 | 유한회사 그린팜 | Yield increase and quality improvement of agricultural products by rare earth fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0570270A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-03-23 | Seiwa Kasei Kk | Fertilizer for growing cultured plant and growing method |
| KR19990084061A (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 1999-12-06 | 류종완 | RExOy-FERTILIZER AND IT'S APPLYING METHOD |
| KR100401556B1 (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2003-10-11 | (유)동성엔씨티 | RExOy-FERTILIZER |
| KR100664737B1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2007-01-03 | 유한회사 그린팜 | Yield increase and quality improvement of agricultural products by rare earth fertilizer |
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| CN108069773A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-05-25 | 江西省林业科学院 | A kind of mao bamboon rare earth special liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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