JP7438599B2 - 負極活物質、前記負極活物質を含む負極、及び前記負極を含む二次電池 - Google Patents
負極活物質、前記負極活物質を含む負極、及び前記負極を含む二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7438599B2 JP7438599B2 JP2022109744A JP2022109744A JP7438599B2 JP 7438599 B2 JP7438599 B2 JP 7438599B2 JP 2022109744 A JP2022109744 A JP 2022109744A JP 2022109744 A JP2022109744 A JP 2022109744A JP 7438599 B2 JP7438599 B2 JP 7438599B2
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical class [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002042 time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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Description
本出願は、2017年11月9日付で出願された韓国特許出願第10-2017-0148839号に基づいた優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示されている全ての内容は、本明細書の一部として含まれる。
実施例1:電池の製造
(1)負極活物質の製造
最大粒径(Dmax)が45μmのシリコン(Si)10gとLiF 0.2gをイソプロパノール30gに添加して混合溶液を製造した。その後、ジルコニア材質のビーズ(平均粒径:0.3mm)を利用して、1,200rpmのビーズ回転速度で30時間前記混合物を粉砕した。このとき、生成されたシリコンの平均粒径(D50)は100nmで、前記シリコンの表面に形成されたSiO2の厚さは10nmであり、前記SiO2上に配置されたLiFの厚さは0.01nmから10nmであった。
前記製造された負極活物質、導電材である微粒黒鉛、バインダーであるポリアクリロニトリル(Polyacrylonitrile)を7:2:1の重量比で混合して混合物0.2gを製造した。溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)3.1gを前記混合物に添加して負極スラリーを製造した。前記負極スラリーを厚さが20μmの負極集電体である銅(Cu)金属薄膜に塗布、乾燥した。この時に循環される空気の温度は80℃であった。次いで、圧延(roll press)し、130℃の真空オーブンで12時間乾燥して負極を製造した。
製造された負極を1.7671cm2の円形に切断したリチウム(Li)金属薄膜を正極とした。前記正極と負極の間に多孔性ポリエチレンのセパレータを介在し、メチルエチルカーボネート(EMC)とエチレンカーボネート(EC)の混合体積比が7:3である混合溶液に0.5重量%で溶解されたビニレンカーボネートを溶解させ、1M濃度のLiPF6が溶解された電解液を注入してリチウムコインハーフセル(coin half-cell)を製造した。
(1)負極活物質の製造
最大粒径(Dmax)が45μmのシリコン(Si)10gとLiF 2.5gをイソプロパノール30gに添加して混合溶液を製造した。その後、ジルコニア材質のビーズ(平均粒径:0.3mm)を利用して、1,200rpmのビーズ回転速度で30時間前記混合物を粉砕した。このとき、生成されたシリコンの平均粒径(D50)は100nmで、前記シリコンの表面に形成されたSiO2の厚さは10nmであり、前記SiO2上に配置されたLiFの厚さは1nmから30nmであった。
前記で製造された負極活物質を用いたことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法で負極及び二次電池を製造した。
(1)負極活物質の製造
最大粒径(Dmax)が45μmのシリコン(Si)10gとLiF 0.1gをイソプロパノール30gに添加して混合溶液を製造した。その後、ジルコニア材質のビーズ(平均粒径:0.3mm)を利用して、1,200rpmのビーズ回転速度で30時間前記混合物を粉砕した。このとき、生成されたシリコンの平均粒径(D50)は100nmで、前記シリコンの表面に形成されたSiO2の厚さは10nmであり、前記SiO2上に配置されたLiFの厚さは0.01nmから5nmであった。
前記で製造された負極活物質を用いたことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法で負極及び二次電池を製造した。
(1)負極活物質の製造
実施例1の負極活物質の製造ステップにおいて、スラリーの製造時にLiFを添加していないことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法で負極活物質を製造した。
前記負極活物質を用いて、実施例1と同様の方法で負極及び二次電池を製造した。
実施例1から3及び比較例1の電池に対して充電/放電を行い、放電容量、初期効率、容量維持率及び電極(負極)厚さ変化率を評価し、これを下記表1に記載した。
充電条件:CC(定電流)/CV(定電圧)(5mV/0.005C current cut-off)
放電条件:CC(定電流)条件 1.5V
初期効率(%)=(1回放電後の放電容量/1回の充電容量)×100
容量維持率(%)=(49回の放電容量/1回の放電容量)×100
電極厚さ変化率(%)=(最終の負極厚さ変化量/最初の負極厚さ)×100
Claims (10)
- 複数のナノ粒子を含む炭素質マトリックスを含んでなり、
前記ナノ粒子は、
シリコンコアと、
前記シリコンコア上に配置されてSiOx(0<x≦2)を含む酸化膜層と、
前記酸化膜層の表面の少なくとも一部を覆ってLiFを含むコーティング層とを含み、
前記炭素質マトリックスは、前記複数のナノ粒子の少なくとも一部を覆う形態で存在し、
前記炭素質マトリックスは、非晶質炭素からなる、負極活物質。 - 前記シリコンコアの平均粒径(D50)は40nmから400nmである、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記酸化膜層の厚さは0.01nmから20nmである、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記LiFは、前記負極活物質の全重量を基準に0.1重量%から25重量%で含まれる、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記コーティング層の厚さは0.01nmから50nmである、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記炭素質マトリックスは、前記負極活物質の全重量を基準に5重量%から50重量%で含まれる、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記酸化膜層がリチウムシリケートをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記リチウムシリケートは、Li2SiO3、Li4SiO4及びLi2Si2O5のうち少なくともいずれか一つを含む、請求項7に記載の負極活物質。
- 請求項1から請求項8のいずれか一つに記載の負極活物質を含む負極。
- 請求項9に記載の負極と、
正極と、
前記正極と前記負極の間に介在されたセパレータと、
電解質とを含む二次電池。
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