JP7163221B2 - 高分子材料、組成物および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
高分子材料、組成物および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7163221B2 JP7163221B2 JP2019044104A JP2019044104A JP7163221B2 JP 7163221 B2 JP7163221 B2 JP 7163221B2 JP 2019044104 A JP2019044104 A JP 2019044104A JP 2019044104 A JP2019044104 A JP 2019044104A JP 7163221 B2 JP7163221 B2 JP 7163221B2
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Description
実施形態の高分子材料(以下、「本高分子材料」という。)は、側鎖に非共有電子対と芳香環を有する第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する。本高分子材料は、被加工膜を有する基板の被加工膜上に有機膜を形成するのに用いられる。本高分子材料は、例えば、溶媒とともに後述する実施形態の組成物に含有され、該組成物を用いて被加工膜上に塗布され有機膜を形成する。なお、上記第1のモノマーユニットは、モノマーユニットの1つ当たりに非共有電子対と芳香環の両方を側鎖に有するものである。
本高分子材料を用いて形成される有機膜は、ポリマーに含まれる第1のモノマーユニットが側鎖に有する非共有電子対によりプレカーサを配位させることができる。この現象は一般的な現象であり、ポリマー内に非共有電子対を持つ原子が存在すると、プレカーサが吸着され安定化され、その際の、分子軌道計算により求められる安定化エネルギー(ΔE)と実験で得られたメタライズ度と、正の相関があることを発明者らは見出している(K.Asakawa, et al., Microprocess and Nanotechnology Conference, 15A-4-3, 2018)。なお、メタライズ度は、有機膜が金属元素を吸着する度合いをいい、例えば、有機膜のメタライズ前後の膜厚の差を指標として評価できる。メタライズ度が高いほど、高いエッチング耐性を有する複合膜が得られる。
式(1)において、RRIEはRIEにおけるエッチングレートであり、値が小さいとRIE耐性が高く、値が大きいとRIE耐性が低い。Nはモノマーユニット当たりの全元素数、Ncはモノマーユニット当たりの炭素元素数、Noはモノマーユニット当たりの酸素元素数である。この経験則を設計指針として、大まかに分子設計を行い、実際のポリマーを用いてRIE耐性を確認する。
以下に、ポリマーの非共有電子対、具体的には、カルボニル基(>C=O:)の非共有電子対に、プレカーサ、具体的には、トリメチルアルミニウム(TMA)が吸着され安定化される際の、分子軌道計算により求められる安定化エネルギー(ΔE)を示す。
本高分子材料は、側鎖に非共有電子対と芳香環を有する第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する。
基2 -(COO)-R3-R4
R1は、2価の芳香環、その誘導体、またはベンゾフェノンから得られる2価の基、R2炭素数1~6のアルキル基である。R3は、単結合または炭素数1~4のアルキレン基、R4は、1価の芳香環、その誘導体、またはベンゾイルフェニル基である。R1およびR4の芳香環としては、ベンゼン、ナフタレン、アズレン、アントラセン、クリセン、ピレン、コロネン、ペンタセン等が挙げられる。
化学式L1において、Rは水素原子またはメチル基であり、Glyはグリシジル基である。mは0~2であり、R11は炭素数1~6のアルキレン基である。第2のモノマーユニットの構成モノマーとなる化学式L1で示される(メタ)アクリレートとして具体的には、下記化学構造式L1-1で示されるグリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、下記化学構造式L1-2で示される4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレートグリシジルエーテルが挙げられる。
実施形態の組成物は、被加工膜を有する基板の前記被加工膜上に、高分子材料を用いて有機膜を形成しパターニングした後、前記有機膜に金属化合物を含浸させた複合膜をマスクパターンとして、前記被加工膜を加工する際に用いる、前記有機膜を形成するための高分子材料を含む組成物であって、側鎖に非共有電子対と芳香環を有する第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する高分子材料と溶媒を含有する。
実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法は、以下の(1)~(4)の工程を有する。
(1)被加工膜を有する基板の被加工膜上に高分子材料を用いて有機膜を形成する工程
(2)(1)で得られた有機膜をパターニングする工程
(3)パターニングされた有機膜に金属化合物を含浸させて複合膜を形成して、複合膜からなるマスクパターンを得る工程
(4)マスクパターンを用いて被加工膜を加工する工程
実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法において、(1)の工程で用いる高分子材料は、側鎖に非共有電子対と芳香環を有する第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する。
以下の方法で、第1のモノマーユニットのみで構成されるポリマーXを作製し、得られたポリマーXを用いて有機膜を形成した。該有機膜のメタライズ特性および、メタライズされた有機膜のエッチング耐性を評価した。
ポリマーXにおいて第1のモノマーユニットとなるモノマーとして、市販品のフェニルメタクリレート(PMA)、フェニルアクリレート(PA)、ベンジルメタクリレート(BMA)、4-アセトキシスチレン(AcS)、ベンゾイルフェニルアクリレート(BPA)を準備し、以下のとおりポリマーXを製造した。
ポリマーX-1~X-4およびX-6のそれぞれからなる高分子材料1~4、高分子材料6および比較例として、ポリスチレン(PS;Mw=20×103g/mol、Mn=19×103g/mol)からなる高分子材料cf1、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA;Mw=15×103g/mol、Mn=14×103g/mol)からなる高分子材料cf2を用いて、有機膜のメタライズ特性、耐熱性、メタライズされた有機膜のエッチング耐性を評価した。
高分子材料1~4、高分子材料6、および高分子材料cf1、cf2を用いてSi基板上に有機膜を形成し、TMAを用いて該有機膜のメタライズを行ってメタライズ特性を評価した。
上記でメタライズされた各有機膜付き基板(各複合膜付き基板)について、O2ガスまたはCF4ガスを用いた反応性化学エッチング(RIE)を行った。RIE前後で各複合膜付き基板の複合膜の膜厚を、原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて測定し、RIE前後の膜厚差をエッチング量として、エッチング時間当たりのエッチングレート[nm/sec]を算出した。結果を表4に示す。
O2RIEは、CI-300L(サムコ社製)を用いて、パワー:50W、バイアス5W、Flow:5sccm、圧力:3Paの条件で行った。
CF4RIEは、CI-300Lを用いて、パワー:50W、バイアス10W5、Flow:5sccm、圧力:3Paの条件で行った。
ポリマーに架橋性官能基を導入して、有機膜を溶媒に不溶化する場合のポリマーの設計方法についてPMMAを例にして説明する。
参考例での試験結果に基づき、ポリマーXであるPBPAにGMAを用いて架橋性官能基を導入した架橋性のポリマーX(P(BPA-r-GMA))を合成し、これを用いて耐溶媒性の付与された有機膜を作製し評価した。
第1のモノマーユニットの構成モノマーとしてBPAを、第2のモノマーユニットの構成モノマーとしてGMAを用いて表5に示す重合条件により架橋性のポリマーX-11~X-13を重合した。得られたポリマーX-11~X-13の収率は約90%であった。各ポリマーのMn、MwおよびTgを表5に併せて示す。
(1)溶媒耐性
参考例と同様にして、ポリマーX-11~X-13について、硬化剤(カルボン酸)としてのクエン酸をGMAの濃度と等量mol加えて高分子材料7~9とし、これをPGMEAに溶解させた組成物を調製した。なお、高分子材料7~9の含有割合は組成物の全量に対して10質量%となるように調整した。該組成物をSi基板上にスピンコートで塗工し、これを220℃または250℃で10分間アニールして有機膜(約300nm厚)を形成した。得られた有機膜付きSi基板をPGMEAリンスして溶媒耐性を検討した。
第1のモノマーユニットの構成モノマーとしてBPAを、第2のモノマーユニットの構成モノマーとしてGMAを用いて、GMAの濃度(含有割合)を0.5mol%~10mol%としたP(BPA-r-GMA)を作製し、メタライズ特性と溶媒耐性に関して精緻な測定を行った。具体的には、GMAの濃度の異なる各P(BPA-r-GMA)について、硬化剤(カルボン酸)としてのクエン酸をGMAの濃度と等量mol加えて、PGMEAに溶解させた組成物を調製した。該組成物をSi基板上にスピンコートで塗工し、これを220℃で10分間アニールして有機膜(約300nm厚)を形成した。GMAとクエン酸は、このアニール条件でほぼ完全架橋していると考えている。
架橋性官能基としてグリシジル基を有する架橋性のポリマーXに第3のモノマーユニットを導入した例を検討した。まず、熱分解性であるt-ブチル基をグリシジル基の相方として導入したP(BPA-r-tBMA)を表6の条件で重合しポリマーX-21~X-23を得た。ポリマーX-21~X-23のMn、MwおよびTgを表6に併せて示す。
Claims (7)
- 被加工膜を有する基板の前記被加工膜上に、高分子材料を用いて有機膜を形成しパターニングした後、前記有機膜に金属化合物の前駆体としてトリメチルアルミニウムを含浸させた複合膜をマスクパターンとして、前記被加工膜を加工する際に用いる、前記高分子材料であって、
フェニルアクリレート及びベンゾイルフェニルアクリレートからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する高分子材料。 - 前記ポリマーは、(メタ)アクリレートを主たるモノマーとする重合体である、請求項1記載の高分子材料。
- 前記ポリマーは、側鎖の末端に架橋性官能基を備える第2のモノマーユニットを全モノマーユニットに対して0.5~10モル%含有する、請求項1または2に記載の高分子材料。
- 前記架橋性官能基はグリシジル基である、請求項3に記載の高分子材料。
- 前記ポリマーは、側鎖の末端に加熱または光照射によりカルボキシル基を発生する基を備える第3のモノマーユニットを含有する、請求項4に記載の高分子材料。
- 被加工膜を有する基板の前記被加工膜上に、高分子材料を用いて有機膜を形成しパターニングした後、前記有機膜に金属化合物の前駆体としてトリメチルアルミニウムを含浸させた複合膜をマスクパターンとして、前記被加工膜を加工する際に用いる、前記有機膜を形成するための高分子材料を含む組成物であって、
フェニルアクリレート及びベンゾイルフェニルアクリレートからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する高分子材料と溶媒を含有する組成物。 - 被加工膜を有する基板の前記被加工膜上に高分子材料を用いて有機膜を形成し、
前記有機膜をパターニングした後、前記有機膜に金属化合物の前駆体としてトリメチルアルミニウムを含浸させて複合膜を形成して、前記複合膜からなるマスクパターンを得、
前記マスクパターンを用いて前記被加工膜を加工する、
半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記高分子材料は、フェニルアクリレート及びベンゾイルフェニルアクリレートからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの第1のモノマーユニットを含むポリマーを含有する半導体装置の製造方法。
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US12018107B2 (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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