JP6506786B2 - 抗体の製造方法 - Google Patents
抗体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6506786B2 JP6506786B2 JP2017020965A JP2017020965A JP6506786B2 JP 6506786 B2 JP6506786 B2 JP 6506786B2 JP 2017020965 A JP2017020965 A JP 2017020965A JP 2017020965 A JP2017020965 A JP 2017020965A JP 6506786 B2 JP6506786 B2 JP 6506786B2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2510/00—Genetically modified cells
- C12N2510/02—Cells for production
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
(2)抗体のL鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAを抗体のH鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAよりも多いコピー数で含む細胞が、抗体のH鎖又はその断片をコードするDNAを1コピー、抗体のL鎖又はその断片をコードするDNAを2コピー以上含むベクターを導入した細胞である(1)記載の方法。
(3)細胞が動物細胞である(2)記載の方法。
(4)動物細胞がチャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞である(3)記載の方法。
(5)抗体が、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体又はヒト抗体である(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(6)抗体が、抗IL-6レセプター抗体、抗IL-6抗体、抗グリピカン-3抗体、抗CD3抗体、抗CD20抗体、抗GPIIb/IIIa抗体、抗TNF抗体、抗CD25抗体、抗EGFR抗体、抗Her2/neu抗体、抗RSV抗体、抗CD33抗体、抗CD52抗体、抗IgE抗体、抗CD11a抗体、抗VEGF抗体及び抗VLA4抗体からなる群より選択される(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(7)(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の方法で製造された抗体又はその断片を含有する医薬品を製造する方法。
(8)抗体のH鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAを1コピー、抗体のL鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAを2コピー以上含む組換えベクター。
(9)(8)記載のベクターが導入されている細胞。
(10)抗体のL鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAを抗体のH鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAよりも多いコピー数で含む培養細胞。
(11)抗体のH鎖又はその断片よりも抗体のL鎖又はその断片を高発現する細胞を用いて抗体又はその断片を産生させることを含む、抗体又はその断片の製造方法。
(12)細胞が、抗体又はその断片を恒常的発現(stable expression)している細胞である(1)〜(7)、(11)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(13)抗体又はその断片を恒常的発現している、(9)または(10)に記載の細胞。
本明細書は、本願の優先権の基礎である日本国特許出願、特願2008‐103308の明細書および/または図面に記載される内容を包含する。
しかし、特に、恒常発現系(Stable Expression)で組換抗体を発現している恒常発現形質転換細胞(Stable Transformant)の場合、一過性発現系(Transient Expression)のものよりH鎖の発現量が低下するので、H鎖の発現量がより重要になることが示唆されている(Biotechnol. Prog.,2005, 21, 122)。よって、恒常発現系の場合、抗体の産生量を増加させるためにH鎖とL鎖の発現量の比をどのように制御するかは、まったく不明である。
一過性発現系とは、環状プラスミドをリン酸カルシウム法,エレクトロポレーション法,リポフェクション法などにより細胞内に取り込ませ発現させる方法である。環状プラスミドは染色体に挿入される効率が低く,目的遺伝子が染色体外に存在する事が多い。このため環状プラスミドからの目的遺伝子の発現は長期間維持することが難しい。
恒常的発現系とは、制限酵素処理などにより作成した直鎖上プラスミドをリン酸カルシウム法,エレクトロポレーション法,リポフェクション法などにより細胞内に取り込ませ発現させる方法である。直鎖状プラスミドは環状プラスミドより染色体に挿入される効率が高く,目的遺伝子が染色体上に維持される効率も高くなる。このため目的遺伝子の発現を長期間維持することが可能である。またプラスミドへの薬剤耐性遺伝子の導入を行えば薬剤選抜が可能となり,目的遺伝子が染色体上に維持された細胞を効率的に選択することが出来るようになる。恒常的発現系で用いる動物細胞としては、CHO細胞、NS0細胞、SP2/0細胞などが挙げられ、CHO細胞が好ましい。
さらに、遺伝子を安定的に発現させ、かつ、細胞内での遺伝子のコピー数の増幅を目的とする場合には、核酸合成経路を欠損したCHO細胞にそれを相補するDHFR遺伝子を有するベクター(例えば、pCHOIなど)を導入し、メトトレキセート(MTX)により増幅させる方法が挙げられ、また、遺伝子の一過性の発現を目的とする場合には、SV40 T抗原を発現する遺伝子を染色体上に持つCOS細胞を用いてSV40の複製起点を持つベクター(pcDなど)で形質転換する方法が挙げられる。複製開始点としては、また、ポリオーマウィルス、アデノウィルス、ウシパピローマウィルス(BPV )等の由来のものを用いることもできる。さらに、宿主細胞系で遺伝子コピー数増幅のため、発現ベクターは選択マーカーとして、アミノグリコシドトランスフェラーゼ(APH )遺伝子、チミジンキナーゼ(TK)遺伝子、大腸菌キサンチングアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ(Ecogpt)遺伝子、ジヒドロ葉酸還元酵素(dhfr)遺伝子等を含むことができる。
まず、ヒト化抗ヒトグリピカン-3抗体のH鎖遺伝子を以下のようにして調製した。グリピカン−3断片(PCRによりGSTとの融合タンパク遺伝子を発現させて取得した)をマウス(MRL/lpr,日本チャールスリバー)に免疫した。このマウスの脾臓細胞を用いハイブリドーマを作製した。グリピカン−3を抗原に用いるELISAによりハイブリドーマをスクリーニングし、グリピカン−3結合抗体を産生するクローンを選択した。ハイブリドーマよりmRNAを抽出し,逆転写酵素を用いる逆転写反応によりcDNAを作製した。マウスH鎖可変領域遺伝子と相補塩基配列を持つプライマー(CAGGGGCCAGTGGATAGACCGATG)(配列番号1)とcDNAを用いるPCRによりマウス抗グリピカン−3H鎖可変領域遺伝子を増幅し,pGEM-T Easy(Promega)と結合することにより取得した。マウス抗グリピカン−3H鎖可変領域遺伝子のフレームワーク領域とホモロジーを有するヒト抗体H鎖可変領域遺伝子をKabat databaseより検索し同定した。同定したヒト抗体H鎖可変領域遺伝子の各フレームワーク部分とマウス抗グリピカン−3抗体H鎖可変領域遺伝子の各CDR部分を結合したヒト化抗グリピカン−3H鎖可変領域遺伝子の塩基配列をデザインし,PCRにより合成した。ヒト化抗グリピカン−3H鎖可変領域遺伝子をヒトIgG1定常領域遺伝子と結合し,アミノ酸置換による最適化を行いヒト化抗グリピカン−3H鎖遺伝子を作製した(WO06/06693参照)。CAGプロモーターの下流にヒト化抗ヒトグリピカン-3抗体のH鎖遺伝子を結合し,更に下流にマウスβグロビンpolyAシグナルを結合する事によりH鎖発現ユニットを作成した。H鎖発現ユニットの上流のBamHI及びHindIIIと,下流のXhoIによりH鎖発現ユニットを切り出すことが出来る。
CHO細胞DXB11株にphGC33CAG#1またはphGC33CAG1をエレクトロポレーションにより導入した。引き続き細胞を400 μg/mLのG418存在下で培養する事で,発現プラスミドが導入された細胞株を選抜した。発現プラスミドを遺伝子増幅させる目的で,引き続き10 〜 100 nM MTX存在下での培養を実施した。
WO92/019759記載のヒト化抗ヒトIL-6R抗体H鎖遺伝子及びヒト化抗ヒトIL-6R抗体L鎖遺伝子のそれぞれの上流にCAGプロモーターを結合し,更に下流にマウスβグロビンpolyAシグナルを結合したH鎖発現ユニットとL鎖発現ユニットを作成した。ネオマイシン耐性遺伝子とdhfrを組み込んだpBluescriptにH鎖発現ユニットとL鎖発現ユニットを結合し,ヒト化抗ヒトIL-6R抗体遺伝子のH鎖1 copy及びL鎖1 copyで構成されるL鎖1 copy発現プラスミドとH鎖1 copy及びL鎖2 copyで構成されるL鎖2 copy発現プラスミドを作成し(図3),CHO細胞DXB11株にエレクトロポレーションにより導入した。引き続き細胞を400 μg/mLのG418存在下で培養する事で,発現プラスミドが導入された細胞株を選抜した。
L鎖1 copy発現プラスミド導入細胞株176株とL鎖2 copy発現プラスミド導入細胞株176株を取得し,24wellプレートを用いたBatch培養で比較を行った。培養は培養液量0.7 mL,培養温度37℃,振とう速度160 rpmの条件で実施した。培養開始後12日目に培養液中の抗体濃度を測定し,抗体産生量順に並べ替えた後,集団間の比較を行った(図4)。全体的にL鎖2 copyプラスミド導入細胞の産生量がL鎖1 copyプラスミドの産生量より高い結果となった。
以上よりH鎖1copyに対してL鎖2 copyを宿主細胞に導入することにより、従来のようにL鎖1copyコピーを宿主細胞に導入するよりも抗体産生量を高められる事を確認した。
本発明は、あらゆる抗体産生細胞へ応用可能である。
配列番号1は、マウスH鎖可変領域遺伝子と相補塩基配列を持つプライマーの配列を示す。
<配列番号2>
配列番号2は、マウスL鎖可変領域遺伝子と相補塩基配列を持つプライマーの配列を示す。
Claims (12)
- 抗体のL鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAを当該抗体のH鎖又はその断片をコードする外来DNAよりも多いコピー数で含む細胞を用いて抗体またはその断片を産生させることを含む、抗体又はその断片の製造方法であって、抗体のH鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むH鎖発現ユニット1個と、抗体のL鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むL鎖発現ユニット2〜5個とを含む組換えベクターが細胞に導入されており、各々の発現ユニットがプロモーター配列及びポリAシグナル配列を含む前記方法。
- 細胞が動物細胞である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 動物細胞がチャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞である請求項2記載の方法。
- 抗体が、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体又はヒト抗体である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 抗体が、抗IL-6レセプター抗体、抗IL-6抗体、抗グリピカン-3抗体、抗CD3抗体、抗CD20抗体、抗GPIIb/IIIa抗体、抗TNF抗体、抗CD25抗体、抗EGFR抗体、抗Her2/neu抗体、抗RSV抗体、抗CD33抗体、抗CD52抗体、抗IgE抗体、抗CD11a抗体、抗VEGF抗体及び抗VLA4抗体からなる群より選択される請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法で抗体またはその断片を製造し、医薬的に許容される担体と混合することを含む、医薬品の製造方法。
- 抗体のH鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むH鎖発現ユニット1個と、抗体のL鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むL鎖発現ユニット2〜5個とを含む組換えベクターであって、各々の発現ユニットがプロモーター配列及びポリAシグナル配列を含む前記組換えベクター。
- 請求項7記載のベクターが導入されている細胞。
- 抗体のH鎖よりも抗体のL鎖を高発現する細胞を培養して抗体を産生させることを含む、抗体の製造方法であって、抗体のH鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むH鎖発現ユニット1個と、抗体のL鎖をコードする外来DNAを1コピー含むL鎖発現ユニット2〜5個とを含む組換えベクターが細胞に導入されており、各々の発現ユニットがプロモーター配列及びポリAシグナル配列を含む前記方法。
- 細胞が、抗体またはその断片を恒常的に発現している細胞である請求項1〜6又は9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 抗体またはその断片を恒常的発現している請求項8記載の細胞。
- 医薬的に許容される担体が、水、医薬的に許容される有機溶剤、コラーゲン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、カルボキシビニルポリマー、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、水溶性デキストラン、カルボキシメチルスターチナトリウム、ペクチン、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、キサンタンガム、アラビアゴム、カゼイン、寒天、ポリエチレングリコール、ジグリセリン、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、ワセリン、パラフィン、ステアリルアルコール、ステアリン酸、ヒト血清アルブミン(HSA)、マンニトール、ソルビトール、ラクトース、医薬添加物として許容される界面活性剤からなる群より選択される請求項6記載の方法。
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