JP6310859B2 - Fundus photographing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fundus imaging apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fundus imaging apparatus (such as an optical scanning ophthalmoscope or an optical coherence tomometer) that scans the fundus using a laser beam and detects the return light to acquire a fundus image (for example, a patent) Reference 1). Further, in such a fundus imaging apparatus, an apparatus that projects an alignment index onto an eye to be examined and positions the apparatus main body is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).

  In addition, in a fundus imaging system including a fundus imaging apparatus such as a fundus camera, an optical coherence tomometer, or an optical scanning ophthalmoscope, the fundus image and the subject are associated with each other by a subject ID. (For example, see Patent Document 3). There is also known a medical data search system that links medical data (such as disease names) described in a patient's name and medical record and fundus images and stores them as electronic data (for example, see Patent Document 4).

JP-A-2005-279121 JP 2011-147609 A JP 2002-369801 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-110947

  Recently, there has been a demand for a portable type (portable type, movable type) fundus imaging apparatus so that group screening, self-examination, and the like can be easily performed. Such a fundus imaging apparatus is desirably small and lightweight.

  However, for clear imaging of the fundus, it is necessary to align the apparatus main body with the eye to be examined. Further, in order to obtain a clear fundus image, it is necessary to adjust the focus position (focusing, focusing) with respect to the eye to be examined.

  As a configuration to meet such a demand, a dedicated optical system for projecting and receiving an alignment index and a focus index (focus index) is provided as in a general stationary fundus photographing apparatus. Conceivable. However, providing such a dedicated optical system leads to an increase in size and complexity of the apparatus, and is not suitable for a portable type that is required to be reduced in size, weight, or compact.

  Even if it is a non-portable type fundus photography device (stationary type, etc.), if a dedicated optical system for projecting an alignment index, a focus index, or a fixation target is provided, the optical system and it will be driven accordingly. The structure for doing so becomes complicated.

  Although it is conceivable to perform alignment by referring to the brightness of the image at the time of fundus observation without depending on the projection of the index, it requires skill and cannot be easily photographed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to perform alignment and focusing without providing a dedicated optical system for projecting an index for alignment or focusing. An object of the present invention is to provide a fundus imaging apparatus that can be used.

  The fundus imaging apparatus of the embodiment includes a scanning optical system, a control circuit unit, and an image construction unit. The scanning optical system scans the fundus of the subject's eye with the light from the light source unit, and receives the return light from the fundus at the light receiving unit. The control circuit unit controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by light is formed on the fundus. The image constructing unit constructs an image of the fundus based on the light reception signal from the light receiving unit and the scanning locus position. The control circuit unit can operate as an alignment mode for controlling the scanning optical system so that an alignment index for performing alignment of the scanning optical system with respect to the eye to be examined is projected onto the fundus based on light from the light source unit.

  According to the present invention, alignment and focusing can be performed without providing a dedicated optical system for projecting an index for alignment or focusing.

It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the usage pattern of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic for demonstrating the operation example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 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It is the schematic for demonstrating the operation example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic for demonstrating the operation example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the fundus imaging system which concerns on embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
(Outline configuration of optical scanning ophthalmoscope)
1 to 4 are explanatory views of a portable type (portable type, movable type) optical scanning ophthalmoscope as a fundus imaging apparatus according to an embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body as the apparatus main body, and reference numeral 2 denotes a handle member.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an eyepiece tube portion 3 is provided on the front side (side facing the subject) of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope body 1. As shown in FIG. 3, a transparent plate 4 is provided on the back side of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 (the side facing the examiner). The examiner can visually recognize the liquid crystal display screen 5 of the monitor unit described later via the transparent plate 4.

  The optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 includes a laser scanning optical system, a control circuit unit that controls the laser scanning optical system, a fundus image construction unit (image construction unit), a lighting control circuit unit, and a monitor unit. And a power supply unit and other drive mechanisms necessary for fundus observation photography. On the upper surface of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1, a power button B for power on / off is provided as shown in FIG.

  The eyepiece tube portion 3 of this embodiment is provided on the left side as seen from the side facing the examiner, as shown in FIG. The handle member 2 is provided with a gripping portion 6 and a detachable protrusion portion 7. A trapezoidal concave portion 8 indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 2 is provided at a position corresponding to the arrangement position of the eyepiece tube portion 3 on the lower surface of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1.

  The detachable protrusion 7 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the recess 8 and is fitted into the recess 8. One of the detachable protrusion 7 and the recess 8 is provided with a magnet member (not shown).

  In addition, a magnetic member that acts on the attractive force of the magnet member is provided on the other side of the detachable protrusion 7 and the recess 8. In this embodiment, the handle member 2 is attached to and detached from the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 by the attractive force of the magnet member, but is not limited to this configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the grip 6 of the handle member 2 is provided with a photographing button 9, an alignment button 10, and a focusing button 11 (these functions will be described later).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope of this embodiment can be used even when it is mounted on the support base 12. A forehead support 13 is provided at the top of the support 12. An engaging protrusion (not shown) is formed on the inclined portion 14 of the support base 12. The optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 is supported and fixed to the support base 12 by fitting the concave portion 8 to the engaging projection.

  On the upper surface of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1, an imaging button 9 ', an alignment button 10', and a focusing button 11 'are provided. Operations on these buttons 9 ′ to 11 ′ are effective when the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 is mounted on the support base 12. For example, the photographing button 9 ′, the alignment button 10 ′, and the focusing button 11 ′ are switched between valid / invalid via a detection switch (not shown) provided on the support 12.

  Even when the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 with the handle member 2 removed is used without being attached to the support base 12, the photographing button 9 ', the alignment button 10' and the focusing button 11 'are used. It can also be configured to be usable.

  A plug (USB) 14 for connecting a portable information device such as a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or a portable information device (PDA) is provided below the grip 6. The plug 14 is connected to the portable information device 16 shown in FIG. The portable information device 16 is provided with a plurality of operation buttons 17. Here, the plurality of operation buttons 17 are used as substitutes for the shooting button 9, the alignment button 10, and the focus button 11, but are not limited thereto.

  Further, in this embodiment, the fundus image EGr is displayed on the display screen 18 of the portable information device 16, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the fundus image EGr may be stored in a built-in memory unit described later, and the fundus image EGr may be output in response to the operation of the output button OB shown in FIG.

  In the following description, a scanning optical system and a control circuit unit in a portable type optical scanning ophthalmoscope will be described. However, an optical scanning ophthalmoscope that can be used as both a portable type and a stationary type, or an optical scanning dedicated to a stationary type. The configuration according to this embodiment can also be applied to the mold ophthalmoscope.

  In this embodiment, the fundus image EGr is sequentially stored in the built-in memory unit. However, the fundus image EGr may be transmitted to a medical institution via a wired telephone line or a wireless telephone line.

(Outline of scanning optical system and control circuit of optical scanning ophthalmoscope)
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a scanning optical system and a control unit of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope according to this embodiment. Reference numeral 20 denotes an illumination light source unit that emits illumination light. Reference numeral 21 denotes a light receiving portion. The illumination light source unit 20 includes an infrared light source 20a that emits infrared light, a blue light source 20b that generates B light (blue light), a green light source 20g that generates G light (green light), and R light (red). A red light source 20r that generates light). Each of these light sources includes a highly spatially coherent light source, such as a semiconductor laser (including wavelength swept lasers, superluminescent diodes), a solid state laser, a gas laser, or light emitted from them coupled to an optical fiber. A fiber laser is used.

  The infrared light Pa emitted from the infrared light source 20a is condensed by the condenser lens 20a ′ and guided to the reflection mirror 20a ″. The blue light B emitted from the blue light source 20b is collected by the condenser lens 20b ′. Is condensed and guided to the dichroic mirror 20b ″. The green light G emitted from the green light source 20g is condensed by the condenser lens 20g ′ and guided to the dichroic mirror 20g ″. The red light R emitted from the red light source 20r is collected by the condenser lens 20r ′. The light is guided to the dichroic mirror 20r ″.

  The dichroic mirror 20b ″ transmits infrared light Pa and functions to reflect blue light B. The dichroic mirror 20g ″ transmits infrared light Pa and blue light B and reflects green light G. The dichroic mirror 20r ″ transmits red light R and reflects green light G, blue light B, and infrared light Pa.

  The optical paths of the infrared light Pa, the blue light B, the green light G, and the red light R are synthesized by the reflection mirror 20a ″ and the dichroic mirrors 20b ″, 20g ″, and 20r ″. Further, these lights are guided to the beam splitter 22, pass through the beam splitter 22, and are guided to the MEMS mirror 23. The MEMS mirror 23 functions as a biaxial optical scanner. In this embodiment, the biaxial optical scanner is a MEMS mirror, but this is not a limitation. For example, a two-axis optical scanner may be configured by combining two uniaxial mirror scanners such as a galvanometer mirror optical scanner and a polygon mirror optical scanner. In this case, a relay lens optical system may be provided between two uniaxial mirror scanners included in the biaxial optical scanner.

  The infrared light Pa, the blue light B, the green light G, and the red light R are two-dimensionally deflected by the MEMS mirror 23. Further, these lights are guided to the relay lens 24 and imaged in the air as spot lights on a surface Er ′ conjugate with the fundus Er of the eye E to be examined.

  The light imaged in the air on the conjugate plane Er ′ is transmitted through the objective lens 25 as a focusing lens, guided into the eye through the pupil Ep and the crystalline lens Ec of the eye E, and the fundus Er Er conjugate with the conjugate plane Er ′. Is imaged as spot light Sp on the conjugate plane Er ″.

  The objective lens 25 is provided in the eyepiece tube portion 3 and is moved in the axial direction by a manual operation. When the annular ring member (not shown) of the eyepiece tube portion 3 is rotated according to the refractive power of the eye E, the objective lens 25 is moved in the optical axis direction. Accordingly, the conjugate plane Er ″ is matched with the fundus oculi Er, and as a result, a clear spot light Sp is formed on the fundus oculi Er.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the fundus Er is scanned two-dimensionally by the action of the MEMS mirror 23. In FIG. 8, symbol SL indicates a scanning locus by the scanning spot light Sp, symbol Br indicates a blood vessel, symbol Pu indicates a papilla, and symbol Qu indicates a macular portion.

  The spot reflected light from the fundus Er is guided to the objective lens 25 through the crystalline lens Ec and the pupil Ep, and once imaged in the air on the conjugate plane Er ′, collimated by the relay lens 24, passes through the MEMS mirror 23, and passes through the beam splitter 22. Led to. The spot reflected light reflected by the beam splitter 22 is guided to the light receiving unit 21. Here, the spot reflected light from the fundus Er is light returning from or near the position of the scanning spot light (returned light). For example, the regular reflected light of the scanning spot light, the scattered light of the scanning spot light, And at least one of fluorescence excited by the scanning spot light and scattered light thereof.

  The light receiving unit 21 includes a dichroic mirror 21r ″, a dichroic mirror 21g ″, and a dichroic mirror 21b ″. The dichroic mirror 21r ″ reflects the red light R, and the green light G, the blue light B, and the infrared light. Transmits light Pa. The dichroic mirror 21g ″ reflects green light G and transmits blue light B and infrared light Pa. The dichroic mirror 21b ″ reflects blue light B and transmits infrared light Pa.

  An imaging lens 21r 'is provided in the direction of reflection by the dichroic mirror 21r ". The red light R is imaged on a PD sensor 21r as an image receiving element by the imaging lens 21r'.

  An imaging lens 21g 'is provided in the direction of reflection by the dichroic mirror 21g ". The green light G is imaged on the PD sensor 21g as an image receiving element by the imaging lens 21g'.

  An imaging lens 21b 'is provided in the direction of reflection by the dichroic mirror 21b ". The blue light B is imaged on the PD sensor 21b as an image receiving element by the imaging lens 21b'.

  An imaging lens 21a 'is provided in the transmission direction by the dichroic mirror 21b ". The infrared light Pa is imaged on the PD sensor 21a as an image receiving element by the imaging lens 21a'.

  Light reception signals from the PD sensors 21a, 21b, 21g, and 21r are input to a fundus image construction unit described later. The PD sensor 21a has sensitivity in the infrared region, the PD sensor 21b has sensitivity in the blue wavelength region, the PD sensor 21g has sensitivity in the green wavelength region, and the PD sensor 21r has sensitivity in the red wavelength region. Have

(An example of the internal structure of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope body 1)
In the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 according to this embodiment, there are provided a movable case 1A indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1 and a drive mechanism (not shown) for moving the movable case 1A in the front, rear, up, down, left and right directions. ing. The movable case 1A and the drive mechanism correspond to a “drive unit”.

  An illumination light source unit 20, a light receiving unit 21, a relay lens 24, a MEMS mirror 23, and a beam splitter 22 are provided inside the movable case 1A. The optical system and the eyepiece lens barrel 3 move integrally with the movable case 1A.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 includes a power supply circuit unit 26, a control circuit unit 27, a lighting control circuit unit 28, a fundus image construction unit 29, and a monitor unit 30. Is provided. The power supply circuit unit 26 is, for example, a type that can replace a battery or a type that can charge a battery.

  The power supply circuit unit 26 supplies power to the control circuit unit 27, the fundus image construction unit 29, the lighting control circuit unit 28, and the like. The control circuit unit 27 is provided with a program for controlling the illumination light source unit 20, a program for controlling the MEMS mirror 23, and a program for controlling the fundus image construction unit 29.

  A program for controlling the illumination light source unit 20 and a program for controlling the MEMS mirror 23 are provided in accordance with, for example, the following various operation modes: alignment of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E to be examined Adjustment mode for performing focusing; focusing adjustment mode for performing focusing on the fundus Er; fundus observation mode; imaging mode.

  By operating the power button B, each circuit is activated. Since alignment adjustment and focus adjustment are not directly related to this embodiment, it is assumed that these adjustment operations have been completed. Hereinafter, the observation mode and the imaging mode will be described, and then the association between the fundus image and the personal information will be described.

(Observation mode)
When the examiner operates the power button B, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 automatically enters the personal information acquisition mode, and then shifts to the observation mode. The personal information acquisition mode will be described later, and the observation mode will be described first. In the observation mode, the lighting control circuit unit 28 turns on the infrared light source 20a. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 8, spot light Sp which is infrared light is formed on the fundus Er.

  The MEMS mirror 23 is driven to draw a plurality of scanning trajectories SL from left to right in order from the top, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, according to a program for controlling this. Thereby, the predetermined range of the fundus Er is scanned with the spot light Sp.

  The reflected light of the spot light Sp from the fundus Er is received by the infrared sensor PD sensor 21a. The light reception signal from the PD sensor 21 a is input to the fundus image construction unit 29. The fundus image constructing unit 29 includes an image processing unit 29a and a built-in memory unit 29b.

  In accordance with the program for controlling the MEMS mirror 23, the image processing unit 29a receives a pixel position signal corresponding to the scanning position of the spot light Sp (scanning locus position in the horizontal direction, scanning locus position in the vertical direction).

  The image processing unit 29a constructs a fundus image for observation based on the input pixel position signal and the received light signal corresponding to the pixel position signal. The image processing unit 29 a outputs an image signal of the constructed fundus image to the monitor unit 30. As a result, the fundus image EGr is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5 of the monitor unit 30 (see FIG. 9).

  The examiner operates the photographing button 9 while observing the displayed fundus image EGr. In response to this operation, the operation mode of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope is switched to the imaging mode.

(Shooting mode)
In the photographing mode, the lighting control circuit unit 28 turns on the blue light source 20b, the green light source 20g, and the red light source 20r at the same time. The lighting time is set to 100 milliseconds, for example. While the blue light source 20b, the green light source 20g, and the red light source 20r are turned on, the MEMS mirror 23 is driven so as to draw the same scanning locus SL as the scanning locus SL when the fundus image for observation is constructed.

  As a result, the fundus Er is scanned using the white spot light Sp that is visible light in the same manner as in the observation mode. The reflected light of the white spot light Sp is received by the PD sensors 21b, 21g and 21r. Light reception signals from the PD sensors 21 b, 21 g, and 21 r are input to the fundus image construction unit 29.

  The fundus image constructing unit 29 constructs a color fundus image EGr based on the light reception signals from the PD sensors 21b, 21g, and 21r. The color fundus image EGr is stored in the built-in memory unit 29b.

  The optical scanning ophthalmoscope body 1 can be provided with a reproduction button (not shown). In response to the operation of the playback button, the color fundus image EGr can be displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5. Alternatively, the acquired color fundus image EGr may be automatically transmitted to a medical institution in response to an operation on the playback button. In this embodiment, in response to the end of imaging, the operation mode of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope is automatically switched to the observation mode.

(Alignment mode)
First, the reason why alignment with the eye E is necessary will be described.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 10, when the alignment of the apparatus main body (optical system) in the optical axis direction is not aligned with the eye E, the anterior eye is obliquely inclined from the periphery of the illumination light flux from the light source unit 20. The oblique light beam Qp incident on the part is cut off symmetrically by the iris Rp. As a result, the amount of light reaching the periphery of the fundus Er is reduced. As a result, as schematically shown in FIG. 11, the amount of the spot light Sp formed on the periphery of the fundus Er is reduced, the periphery of the fundus Er is illuminated darkly, and the center of the fundus is illuminated brightly. The broken line in FIG. 10 indicates that the light beam is blocked by the iris Rp.

  In addition, as schematically shown in FIG. 12, when the eye E is not aligned in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the apparatus main body, for example, the periphery of the illumination light flux from the light source unit 20 One of the oblique light beams Qp obliquely incident on the anterior eye portion is blocked by the iris Rp, but the other oblique light beam Qp passes through the pupil Ep.

  As a result, the light amount of the spot light Sp formed on one of the peripheral portions of the fundus Er is reduced, and the light amount of the other spot light Sp is not reduced. Thereby, as schematically shown in FIG. 13, one of the peripheral portions of the fundus Er is illuminated darkly and the other is illuminated brightly. Therefore, uneven brightness occurs in the illumination area of the fundus oculi Er. The broken line in FIG. 12 indicates that the light beam is blocked by the iris Rp.

  On the other hand, when the alignment of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E is appropriate in both the optical axis direction and the direction perpendicular thereto, the oblique light beam Qp is symmetrical through the pupil Ep as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to illuminate the fundus Er without uneven brightness.

  When the alignment button 10 is operated, the operation mode of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 shifts to the alignment mode. The control circuit unit 27 controls the MEMS mirror 23 so that the scanning locus SL of the spot light Sp is circular. At the same time, the lighting control circuit unit 28 turns on the infrared light source 20a. In the alignment mode, the light reception signal from the light reception sensor 21 a is simultaneously input to the control circuit unit 27.

  When the apparatus main body is aligned with the eye E, the oblique light beam Qp ′ forming the circular locus CRSp passes through the pupil Ep as shown in FIG. As shown, a circular locus CRSp formed by the spot light Sp is formed on the fundus Er. The fundus oculi image construction unit 29 constructs an image corresponding to the on-arc trajectory CRSp. Further, an alignment index image corresponding to the circular locus CRSp is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5.

  When the apparatus main body is not aligned with the eye E, for example, when the alignment in the optical axis direction is inappropriate, as shown in FIG. 18, the oblique light beam Qp ′ forming the circular locus CRSp is caused by the iris Rp. Therefore, the circular trajectory CRSp due to the spot light Sp is not formed on the fundus Er, and the alignment index image corresponding to the circular trajectory CRSp is not displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5.

  In addition, when the alignment is inappropriate in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E, a part of the oblique light beam Qp ′ forming the circular locus CRSp is formed as shown in FIG. It is blocked by the iris Rp. Therefore, a locus having a shape in which a part of the circular locus CRSp is missing is formed on the fundus Er by the spot light Sp, and an alignment index image of the shape is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5. The examiner can recognize from the alignment index image displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5 whether or not a part of the circular locus CRSp is missing, and thereby the alignment state of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E (that is, Appropriate / unsuitable alignment).

  Furthermore, the examiner can determine the direction in which the apparatus main body should be moved with respect to the eye E by checking the direction in which the alignment index image corresponding to the circular locus CRSp is missing.

  In the above description, the case where a single circular trajectory CRSp is used has been described. However, a multiple ring in which the circular trajectory CRSp is formed concentrically or a spiral trajectory can be used as an alignment index.

  Further, by analyzing the state of the circular trajectory CRSp in the fundus image construction unit 29, it is possible to automatically obtain appropriate / inappropriate alignment. Furthermore, the determination result of appropriateness / inappropriateness of the alignment can be displayed on the liquid crystal display screen 5.

(Modification example of alignment index)
20 to 26 are explanatory diagrams illustrating modifications of the alignment index. In the above description, the configuration in which the scanning trajectory of the spot light Sp by the MEMS mirror 23 is changed between observation / shooting of the fundus and alignment adjustment has been described.

  However, the alignment index can also be projected by applying the same scanning method as the scanning method at the time of observation / photographing, and synchronously controlling the lighting timing of the infrared light source 20a according to the scanning position of the MEMS mirror 23. .

(Modification 1)
FIG. 20 shows control for synchronizing the scanning position by the MEMS mirror 23 and the lighting timing of the infrared light source 20a so that the spot light Sp draws a circular discontinuous locus on the fundus Er.

  Here, a reciprocating scan that draws one stroke is applied to the scan locus SL.

  In addition to the configuration in which the scanning position of the MEMS mirror 23 and the turning on / off of the infrared light 20a are controlled in synchronization, for example, the following configuration can be used. First, the infrared light source 20a is always turned on. Further, by synchronously controlling the scanning position of the MEMS mirror 23 and the output timing of the PD sensor 21a, only the light reception signal of the reflected light from the scanning position corresponding to the alignment index is transmitted from the PD sensor 21a to the fundus image construction unit 29. send.

(Modification 2)
In the above, the case where the alignment index is formed by drawing the circular locus CRSp on the fundus Er has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 21, the spot light Sp may be irradiated to the fundus Er so that a plurality of alignment indexes are formed at different positions.

  In this modification, when the alignment of the apparatus main body is appropriate with respect to the eye E, three spot lights Sp arranged in the horizontal direction at the four corners of the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the fundus Er, respectively. An alignment index is formed.

  On the other hand, the state shown in FIG. 22 may occur as an example when the alignment of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E is inappropriate. In the state shown in FIG. 22, all three spot lights Sp on the upper right side are missing, and two of the three spot lights Sp on the lower right side are missing. The examiner can determine the direction and amount in which the apparatus main body should be moved with respect to the eye E based on such a missing state of the spot light Sp.

(Modification 3)
In the example shown in FIG. 23, in the case where the scanning locus SL is written with one stroke in the vertical direction, the alignment indexes composed of the three spot lights Sp arranged in the vertical direction are displayed at the four corners of the upper, lower, left and right corners of the fundus Er. The case where each is formed is shown.

  When the alignment of the apparatus main body is shifted in the left-right direction with respect to the eye E, for example, as shown in FIG. 24, the upper two of the three upper right spot lights Sp are lost, and the lower right three The lower two of the spot lights Sp are missing. The examiner can determine the direction and amount of movement of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E by grasping the missing state of the spot light Sp.

(Modification 4)
In FIG. 25, when the scanning locus SL is written with one stroke in the horizontal direction, alignment indexes composed of three spot lights Sp arranged in the vertical direction are formed at the upper center position and the lower center position, respectively, and The case where the alignment index which consists of the three spot light Sp arranged in the direction is each formed in the left center position and the right center position is shown. In other words, this modification is configured as if a cross-shaped alignment index is formed on the fundus Er.

  When the alignment of the apparatus main body is shifted in the left-right direction with respect to the eye E, for example, as shown in FIG. 26, the three spot lights Sp on the left side are lost. The examiner can determine the direction and amount of movement of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E based on the lack of the spot light Sp.

  An alignment index determination unit 27 a can be provided in the control circuit unit 27. The alignment index determination unit 27a moves the movable case 1A from front to back, up, down, left, and right so that the alignment of the apparatus body with respect to the eye E is appropriate according to the formation state of the spot light Sp as the alignment index.

(Focus mode)
After the alignment adjustment of the apparatus main body with respect to the eye E is completed, when the user operates the focus button 11, the operation mode of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 shifts to the focus mode (focus mode). It is also possible to adopt a configuration that automatically shifts to the focusing mode with the completion of alignment adjustment as a trigger. In this case, the focus button 11 is not necessary.

  When the apparatus main body is not focused on the eye E, the fundus image EGr becomes unclear and dark as a whole. In this example, as shown in FIG. 27, a line-shaped index SLP is formed on the fundus Er as a focus index.

  The control circuit unit 27 controls the lighting control circuit unit 28 so that a line-shaped index SLP extending in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) is formed at the center position of the fundus Er. At this time, the lighting control circuit unit 28 synchronizes the control of the MEMS mirror 23 and the lighting control of the infrared light source 20a.

  28, the light beam QP ″ forming the line-shaped index SLP passes through the pupil Ep and irradiates the fundus Er. As shown in FIG. 28, when the spot light Sp is not focused on the fundus Er, The diameter increases and a blurred spot is formed on the fundus oculi Er, which increases the width of the line-shaped index SLP and blurs the line-shaped index SLP.

  The fundus image constructing unit 29 constructs a focus index image corresponding to the line-shaped index SLP based on the light reception signal from the PD sensor 21a.

  In this embodiment, the construction of the focus index image is performed as follows. Since the PD sensor 21a detects the amount of light received at the scanning locus position, information relating to the size of the spot light Sp cannot be detected. However, when the focus is not achieved, the amount of light received by the PD sensor 21a is reduced. Therefore, by performing actual measurement in advance, the amount of reflected light when the focus is achieved and the amount of reflected light when the focus is not achieved are acquired, and the width of the line-shaped index SLP and the amount of received light are associated with each other. Create information. By referring to this information, the width of the line-shaped index SLP can be drawn according to the focus state. When the light receiving unit includes a two-dimensional sensor instead of the PD sensor 21a, the size of the spot light can be directly detected by the two-dimensional sensor, so that the line-shaped index SLP can be displayed without using a graphic. it can.

  When the apparatus main body is not in focus with respect to the eye E, the focus index image corresponding to the line index SLP is thinned by moving the objective lens 25 in the front-rear direction in the optical axis direction by manual operation, for example. It can be bright and clear (see FIG. 29). In this way, the apparatus main body can be focused on the eye E to be examined.

  Instead of performing focusing by manual operation, it is possible to apply a configuration in which the width of the line-shaped index SLP is detected and the objective lens 25 is automatically moved in the optical axis direction so that the line width is reduced ( auto focus).

(Modification of focus index)
The focus index is not limited to the line index SLP. For example, the ring-shaped index SCP shown in FIG. 30, the square-shaped index SRP shown in FIG. 31, and the star-shaped index SSP shown in FIG. 32 can be used as the focus index.

  As described above, the fundus imaging apparatus according to the embodiment is configured to form the alignment index and the focus index on the fundus Er by using the scanning optical system used for scanning the fundus Er. Is possible.

  In the above description, the index is formed by infrared light, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the index may be formed using at least one of red light (R light), green light (G light), and blue light (B light). The light amount applied at this time is set to a low light amount that does not damage the eye E.

  Thus, if it is set as the structure which forms a focus parameter | index by projecting the low light quantity visible light to the eye E to be examined, a subject himself / herself can perform focus adjustment.

(Presentation of fixation target)
In this embodiment, the fixation target can be projected onto the fundus Er while observing the fundus Er. This process is performed by the control circuit unit 27 controlling the lighting control circuit unit 28.

  A specific example will be described. The control circuit unit 27 is provided with a fixation target presentation program. The optical scanning ophthalmoscope performs scanning along the scanning locus SL for fundus observation, and at the scanning locus position corresponding to the imaging region (fixation position) of the fundus Er, the cross fixation target Fix shown in FIG. To control the lighting timing of the red light source 20r and the like. As a result, spot light Sp by low-light R light is formed on the fundus Er. The fixation target is formed using visible light so that the subject can recognize it.

  As shown in FIG. 34, the subject turns his eyeball so that the cross fixation target Fix can be visually recognized. Then, photographing is performed in a state where the cross fixation target Fix is fixed. In this embodiment, the fixation target is drawn on the fundus Er using a scanning optical system for scanning the fundus Er. Therefore, a wide variety of fixation targets can be formed.

(Sequence of photographing the fundus Er)
In the above description, for the sake of convenience of explanation, observation and photographing of the fundus have been described first, but actual examination is performed, for example, according to the flow described below.
(Step S1)
Turn on the power button B.
(Step S2)
An optical scanning ophthalmoscope is placed in front of the eye E, and the eyepiece tube portion 3 faces the eye E to be imaged.
(Step S3)
The alignment button 10 is operated to align the optical scanning ophthalmoscope body 1 with the eye E to be examined (alignment).
(Step S4)
The focus button 11 is operated to adjust the focus on the fundus Er of the eye E.
(Step S5)
Upon completion of alignment and focusing, the operation mode of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope automatically shifts to the observation mode. Further, with the shift to the observation mode, the fixation target is projected onto the fundus Er. You may comprise so that the presentation position of a fixation target can be changed manually. Further, a fixation target program that can selectively apply a plurality of presentation positions may be incorporated in advance.
(Step S6)
In response to an operation on the photographing button 9, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope performs photographing and stores the acquired fundus image EGr in the built-in memory unit 29b.

  The configuration according to the embodiment described above can be applied to a portable type fundus photographing apparatus.

  In this embodiment, the handle member 2 is also arranged on the left side corresponding to the fact that the eyepiece tube portion 3 is arranged on the left side of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 when viewed from the examiner side. The member 2 may be provided at the center position in the left-right width direction of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1.

  Further, the eyepiece tube portion 3 may be provided at the center position in the left-right width direction of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1, and the handle member 2 may also be provided at the center position.

  Further, the handle member 2 is provided at the center position in the left-right width direction of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1, and the eyepiece tube portion 3 is disposed symmetrically on the left side and the right side with respect to the center position. You can also.

<Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the case where the optical scanning ophthalmoscope is applied as the fundus imaging apparatus has been described. However, the fundus imaging apparatus is not limited to the optical scanning ophthalmoscope. For example, the optical coherence tomography described as the background art can be applied as a fundus imaging apparatus. More generally, the fundus imaging apparatus according to the embodiment is configured to scan the fundus using light, detect return light from the fundus, and image the fundus based on the detection result and the position of the scanning locus. It only has to be done.

  The optical coherence tomograph according to the embodiment may be of a portable type (thus, the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 in the first embodiment can be applied). On the other hand, the optical coherence tomography may be used both as a portable type and a stationary type, or dedicated to the stationary type.

  An optical coherence tomometer is a device that acquires morphological information such as a cross-sectional image and three-dimensional image data of a subject's eye and functional information such as a blood flow state by using an interference optical system. Such optical measurement is referred to as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Time domain OCT and Fourier domain OCT are known as OCT methods. As the Fourier domain OCT, a spectral domain type using a low coherence light source (broadband light source) and a spectroscope and a swept source type using a wavelength swept light source (wavelength variable light source) are known.

  In the following embodiment, the case where the spectral domain type OCT is applied will be described in detail. However, the configuration according to this embodiment may be applied to a fundus imaging apparatus using another type of OCT.

[Constitution]
A configuration of the fundus imaging apparatus according to the embodiment will be described. A fundus photographing apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 35 includes an optical unit 110, a computer 200, and a user interface (UI) 300. The fundus imaging apparatus 100 replaces the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 of the first embodiment.

  The optical unit 110, the computer 200, and the user interface 300 may be provided integrally (that is, in a single housing). Alternatively, these may be distributed in two or more housings. In that case, a part of the fundus imaging apparatus may be provided in another apparatus. For example, part or all of the computer 200 can be provided in a personal computer or a mobile terminal (tablet computer, mobile phone, smartphone, etc.). Further, part or all of the user interface 300 can be provided in a personal computer, a portable terminal, a television receiver, a smart television, or the like.

[Optical unit 110]
The optical unit 110 includes an optical system for performing OCT measurement and a mechanism for driving a predetermined optical element. The optical system divides the light from the light source 111 into measurement light and reference light, causes the return light of the measurement light from the subject eye E to interfere with the reference light, and detects the interference light. This optical system has the same configuration as a conventional spectral domain type OCT apparatus. That is, this optical system divides low-coherence light (broadband light) into reference light and measurement light, and generates interference light by causing the measurement light passing through the eye E to interfere with the reference light passing through the reference light path. , Configured to detect a spectral component of the interference light. The detection result (detection signal) of the spectral component is sent to the computer 200.

  When the swept source type OCT is applied, a wavelength swept light source is provided instead of the low coherence light source, and an optical member for spectrally decomposing the interference light is not provided. In general, for the configuration of the optical unit 110, a known technique corresponding to the type of OCT can be arbitrarily applied.

  The light source 111 outputs broadband low-coherence light. The low-coherence light includes, for example, a near-infrared wavelength band (about 800 nm to 900 nm) and has a temporal coherence length of about several tens of micrometers. Note that near-infrared light having a wavelength band that cannot be visually recognized by the human eye, for example, a center wavelength of about 1040 to 1060 nm, may be used as the low-coherence light.

  The light source 111 includes a light output device such as a super luminescent diode (SLD), an LED, or an SOA (Semiconductor Optical Amplifier).

  The low coherence light output from the light source 111 is converted into a parallel light beam by the collimator lens 112 and guided to the beam splitter 113. The beam splitter 113 is, for example, a half mirror that reflects a predetermined ratio of light and transmits the remaining light. The beam splitter 113 splits this parallel light beam into measurement light and reference light.

  The measurement light is light irradiated to the eye E (also called signal light). An optical element group that forms an optical path (measurement optical path) of measurement light is called a measurement arm (also called a sample arm or the like). The reference light is light serving as a reference for extracting information included in the return light of the measurement light as an interference signal. The optical element group that forms the optical path of the reference light (reference optical path) is called a reference arm.

  One end of the reference optical path is a beam splitter 113 and the other end is a reference mirror 114. The reference light composed of the component transmitted through the beam splitter 113 is reflected by the reference mirror 114 and returns to the beam splitter 113.

  The reference mirror 114 is moved along the traveling direction of the reference light by the reference mirror driving unit 114A shown in FIG. Thereby, the length of the reference optical path is changed. The reference mirror driving unit 114A functions to relatively change the length of the measurement light path and the length of the reference light path, thereby changing the depth at which the interference intensity between the measurement light and the reference light is maximized.

  In this embodiment, a configuration for changing the length of the reference optical path is applied. However, instead of this configuration or in addition to this configuration, a configuration for changing the length of the measurement optical path can be provided. The change in the length of the measurement optical path is realized by, for example, a corner cube that reflects incident measurement light in a direction opposite to the incident direction, and a mechanism for moving the corner cube in the incident direction and the reflection direction. The

  The measurement light composed of the component reflected by the beam splitter 113 is deflected by a fixed mirror 115 inclined with respect to the measurement optical path and guided to the scanner 116. The scanner 116 is a two-axis optical scanner, for example. That is, the scanner 116 has a configuration capable of deflecting measurement light two-dimensionally. The scanner 116 is, for example, a mirror scanner including two mirrors that can be deflected in directions orthogonal to each other. This mirror scanner is configured as, for example, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems). As another example, the scanner 116 may be configured using one mirror scanner and a rotary prism.

  The measurement light output from the scanner 116 is collimated light deflected two-dimensionally. The measurement light is focused by the relay lens 117 and is imaged in the air on a plane (fundus conjugate plane) Pc conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef. Further, the measurement light is again focused by the objective lens 119 having a function as a focusing lens and enters the eye E to be examined. The optical element (dichroic mirror 118) disposed on the fundus conjugate plane Pc will be described later. When a switching lens 127 described later is disposed in the measurement optical path, the measurement light passes through the objective lens 119 and is refracted by the switching lens 127 and enters the eye E.

  The objective lens 119 and the lens barrel portion 119A are moved along the measurement optical path by the lens barrel driving portion 119B shown in FIG. The objective lens 119 and the lens barrel 119A are moved in the optical axis direction according to the refractive power of the eye E to be examined. Thereby, the fundus conjugate surface Pc is arranged at a position conjugate with the fundus Ef. As a result, the measurement light is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef as spot light. A configuration in which a focusing lens is provided separately from the objective lens 119 can also be applied.

  The switching lens 127 is a lens for switching a part (depth position) of the eye E to be imaged. Examples of the target site for imaging include the fundus oculi Ef, the anterior segment, the crystalline lens, and the vitreous body. When switching between the fundus oculi Ef and the anterior segment, the projection lens LL for anterior segment imaging similar to that in the first embodiment is used as the switching lens 127. The switching lens 127 is inserted / retracted with respect to the measurement optical path by the lens driving unit 127A shown in FIG. When three or more parts are targeted, it is possible to configure such that two or more switching lenses can be selectively placed in the optical path. Further, for example, an optical element whose refractive power is variable, such as an Alvarez lens, can be used as the switching lens 127. In this embodiment, the switching lens 127 is retracted from the optical path when photographing the fundus oculi Ef, and the switching lens 127 is disposed on the optical path when photographing the anterior eye segment.

  The measurement light applied to the fundus oculi Ef is scattered (including reflection) at various depth positions of the fundus oculi Ef. The backscattered light (returned light) of the measurement light from the fundus oculi Ef travels in the opposite direction on the same path as the forward path and is guided to the beam splitter 113.

  The beam splitter 113 causes the return light of the measurement light to interfere with the reference light that has passed through the reference light path. At this time, only the component of the return light that has passed through a distance substantially equal to the length of the reference optical path, that is, the backscattered light from the range within the coherent distance with respect to the length of the reference optical path, substantially interferes with the reference light. . The interference light generated via the beam splitter 113 is guided to the spectrometer 120. The interference light incident on the spectroscope 120 is split (spectral decomposition) by the diffraction grating 121, and is irradiated onto the light receiving surface of the CCD image sensor 123 via the lens 122. Although the diffraction grating 121 shown in FIG. 35 is a transmission type, other types of spectroscopic elements such as a reflection type diffraction grating can be used.

  The CCD image sensor 123 is a line sensor or an area sensor, for example, and detects each spectral component of the dispersed interference light and converts it into electric charges. The CCD image sensor 123 accumulates this electric charge, generates a detection signal, and sends it to the computer 200.

  As described above, the dichroic mirror 118 is tilted at a position corresponding to the fundus conjugate plane Pc of the measurement optical path. The dichroic mirror 118 is configured to transmit measurement light in the near-infrared band and reflect light in the visible band.

  A flat panel display (FPD) 125 and a lens 126 are provided on the optical path branched from the measurement optical path via the dichroic mirror 118. The flat panel display 125 displays information under the control of the control unit 210. As information displayed on the flat panel display 125, there are various indexes presented to the eye E. Examples of such an index include a fixation target for fixing the eye E to be examined. It is also possible to present information such as the contents of instructions (instructions) related to inspection.

  The flat panel display 125 is disposed at a position conjugate with the fundus conjugate plane Pc via the lens 126 (and thus a position conjugate with the fundus Ef). As the flat panel display 125, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic EL display (OELD) is used.

  Visible light output from the flat panel display 125 is reflected to the dichroic mirror 118 via the lens 126. Further, the visible light enters the eye E through the objective lens 119 and reaches the fundus oculi Ef. Thereby, an image (for example, a fixation target) based on the visible light is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef.

  Instead of the dichroic mirror 118, an optical element such as a half mirror may be provided. It is also possible to provide a reflection mirror configured to be inserted / retracted with respect to the measurement optical path. When the dichroic mirror 118 and the half mirror are provided, OCT measurement and index projection can be performed simultaneously. On the other hand, when a reflection mirror is provided, OCT measurement and index projection are executed at different timings.

  In this embodiment, a Michelson type interferometer is employed, but any type of interferometer such as a Mach-Zehnder type can be appropriately employed. Further, instead of the CCD image sensor, a light receiving element of another form, for example, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor or the like can be used.

  In this embodiment, the light reflected by the beam splitter 113 is used as measurement light, and the light transmitted through the beam splitter 113 is used as reference light. On the other hand, it is also possible to apply a configuration in which light reflected by the beam splitter 113 is used as reference light, and light that has passed through the beam splitter 113 is used as measurement light. In this case, the arrangement of the measurement arm and the reference arm is reversed from that in FIG.

  A member for converting the characteristics of the measurement light and / or the reference light can be provided. For example, an optical attenuator (attenuator) or a polarization adjuster (polarization controller) can be provided in the reference optical path. The optical attenuator adjusts the amount of reference light under the control of the computer 200. The optical attenuator includes, for example, a neutral density filter and a mechanism for inserting / retracting the filter with respect to the reference optical path. The polarization adjuster adjusts the polarization state of the reference light under the control of the computer 200. The polarization adjuster includes, for example, a polarizing plate disposed in the reference optical path and a mechanism for rotating the polarizing plate. These are used to adjust the interference intensity between the return light of the measurement light and the reference light.

  It is possible to provide a front image acquisition optical system for photographing the eye E and acquiring the front image. This front image is an image of the anterior segment or the fundus oculi Ef. The front image acquisition optical system forms an optical path branched from the measurement optical path, and includes, for example, an illumination optical system and a photographing optical system similar to a conventional fundus camera. The illumination optical system irradiates the eye E with illumination light composed of (near) infrared light or visible light. The photographing optical system detects the return light (reflected light) of the illumination light from the eye E. The photographing optical system has a focusing lens common to the measurement optical path and / or a focusing lens independent of the measurement optical path. The photographing optical system includes a focusing lens (such as the objective lens 119 and the switching lens 127) common to the measurement optical path and / or a focusing lens independent of the measurement optical path. Another example of the front image acquisition optical system is an optical system similar to a conventional SLO.

  When a front image acquisition optical system is provided, an alignment optical system similar to a conventional fundus camera can be provided. The alignment optical system forms an optical path branched from the measurement optical path, and generates an index (alignment index) for aligning the apparatus optical system with the eye E to be examined. The alignment is alignment in a direction (referred to as an xy direction) along a plane orthogonal to the measurement optical path (the optical axis of the objective lens 119). Although not shown, the alignment optical system generates two alignment light beams from a light beam output from an alignment light source (such as an LED) by a two-hole aperture. The two alignment light fluxes are guided to the measurement optical path via a beam splitter that is inclined with respect to the measurement optical path, and projected onto the cornea of the eye E to be examined. The cornea reflected light of the alignment light beam is detected by the image sensor of the front image acquisition optical system.

  When an alignment optical system is provided, auto-alignment can be performed. Specifically, the data processing unit 230 of the computer 200 analyzes the signal input from the image sensor of the front image acquisition optical system and specifies the positions of the two alignment index images. Further, the control unit 210 optically projects two corneal reflection lights on a predetermined position (for example, the center position) of the light receiving surface of the image sensor based on the positions of the two specified alignment index images. The unit 110 is moved in the xy direction. The optical unit 110 is moved by the unit driving unit 110A.

  When a front image acquisition optical system is provided, a focus optical system similar to a conventional fundus camera can be provided. The focus optical system forms an optical path branched from the measurement optical path, and generates an index (focus index, split index) for performing focusing (focusing) on the fundus oculi Ef. Although not shown, the focus optical system generates two focusing light beams by a split indicator plate from light beams output from a focusing light source (LED or the like). The two focusing light beams are guided to the measurement optical path through the reflecting member that is inclined with respect to the measurement optical path, and projected onto the fundus oculi Ef. The fundus reflection light of the focusing light beam is detected by the image sensor of the front image acquisition optical system.

  When a focus optical system is provided, autofocus can be performed. Specifically, the data processing unit 230 of the computer 200 analyzes the signal input from the image sensor of the front image acquisition optical system and specifies the positions of the two split index images. Furthermore, the control unit 210 controls the movement of the focus optical system so that the two fundus reflection lights are projected on a straight line on the light receiving surface of the image sensor based on the positions of the two specified split index images. Then, control of the focusing lens (for example, movement control of the objective lens 119) is performed.

  When a front image acquisition optical system is provided, auto-tracking can be performed. Auto-tracking is to move the optical unit 110 in accordance with the movement of the eye E. When performing auto tracking, alignment and focusing are performed in advance. The auto tracking is executed as follows, for example. First, a moving image is taken of the eye E using the front image acquisition optical system. The data processing unit 230 monitors the movement (position change) of the eye E by sequentially analyzing frames obtained by moving image shooting. The control unit 210 controls the unit driving unit 110A to move the optical unit 110 in accordance with the position of the eye E to be sequentially acquired. Thereby, the optical unit 110 can be made to follow the movement of the eye E in real time, and a suitable positional relationship in which the alignment and the focus are matched can be maintained.

  In this embodiment, the index is applied to the fundus oculi Ef using the measurement light deflected by the scanner 116 without providing an alignment index, a focus index, a fixation target, or a dedicated optical system for projecting the fixation target. It is possible to project. This process will be described later.

[Control system / Data processing system]
A control system and a data processing system of the fundus imaging apparatus 100 according to the embodiment will be described. A configuration example of the control system and the data processing system is shown in FIG.

  The control system and the data processing system are configured around the computer 200. The computer 200 includes a microprocessor, a RAM, a ROM, a hard disk drive, a communication interface, and the like. A storage device such as a hard disk drive stores a computer program for causing the fundus imaging apparatus 100 to execute various processes. The computer 200 may have a dedicated circuit board that executes a specific process. For example, a circuit board that performs processing for forming an OCT image may be provided.

(User interface 300)
A user interface 300 is connected to the computer 200. The user interface 300 includes a display unit 310 and an operation unit 320. The display unit 310 includes a display device such as a flat panel display. The operation unit 320 includes an operation device such as a button, a key, a joystick, or an operation panel provided on the housing of the fundus photographing apparatus 100 or outside. When the computer 200 includes a personal computer, the operation unit 320 may include an operation device (mouse, keyboard, trackpad, button, etc.) of the personal computer.

  The display unit 310 and the operation unit 320 need not be configured as individual devices. For example, a device in which a display function and an operation function are integrated, such as a touch panel, can be used. In that case, the operation unit 320 includes the touch panel and a computer program. The operation content for the operation unit 320 is input to the control unit 210 as an electrical signal. Further, operations and information input may be performed using a graphical user interface (GUI) displayed on the display unit 310 and the operation unit 320.

(Control unit 210)
The control unit 210 is provided in the computer 200. The control unit 210 includes a microprocessor, RAM, ROM, hard disk drive, and the like. The control unit 210 is provided with a main control unit 211 and a storage unit 212.

(Main control unit 211)
The main control unit 211 controls each unit of the fundus imaging apparatus 100. For example, the main control unit 211 is controlled by a unit driving unit 110A, a light source 111, a reference mirror driving unit 114A, a scanner 116, a lens barrel driving unit 119B, a CCD (image sensor) 123, a flat panel display 125, a display unit. 310, a data processing unit 230, and a communication unit 240 are included.

  The unit driver 110A moves the optical unit 110 in a direction along the measurement optical path (the optical axis of the objective lens 119) (z direction) and in a direction along the plane orthogonal to the z direction (xy direction). It has the mechanism of. The reference mirror driving unit 114A moves the reference mirror 114 along the reference optical path. The lens barrel drive unit 119B moves the objective lens 119 and the lens barrel unit 119A along the measurement optical path. The lens driving unit 127A inserts and removes the switching lens 127 with respect to the measurement optical path.

(Storage unit 212)
The storage unit 212 stores various data. In addition, the storage unit 212 stores various programs and data for operating the fundus imaging apparatus 100. The data stored in the storage unit 212 includes data acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus 100 and data stored in advance.

  Examples of data acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus 100 include image data of OCT images, examination data, and image data of front images. The examination data is data indicating the state of the eye to be examined, which is generated by processing the detection result of the interference light by the optical unit 110. The storage unit 212 stores setting information described below in advance.

(Setting information)
The setting information is information in which contents of setting of predetermined items related to the optical unit 110 and the data processing unit 230 are recorded. The setting information includes, for example, setting contents regarding at least one of the following items: (1) fixation position; (2) scan pattern; (3) focus position; (4) diopter correction; (5) maximum interference. Depth; (6) Analysis processing.

  (1) “Fixing position” indicates a direction in which the eye E is fixed, that is, a part of the eye E on which OCT measurement is performed. As the fixation position, the fixation position for performing OCT measurement of the macula and its surroundings, the fixation position for performing OCT measurement of the optic nerve head and its surroundings, and the OCT measurement of the macula and the optic nerve head and their surroundings There is a fixation position for. It is also possible to set a fixation position corresponding to an arbitrary part of the eye E. The fixation position includes, for example, information indicating the display position (pixel position) of the fixation target on the flat panel display 125.

  (2) “Scan pattern” indicates a pattern along which the projection position of the measurement light with respect to the eye E is moved. Examples of the scan pattern include one or more line scans (horizontal scan, vertical scan), one or more cross scans, radial scans, and circle scans. Further, when acquiring a three-dimensional image (three-dimensional data set), a three-dimensional scan in which intervals between a plurality of line scans are set sufficiently narrow is applied.

  (3) “Focus position” indicates a focus condition applied in OCT measurement. The in-focus position includes information indicating the position of the objective lens 119, for example.

  (4) “Diopter correction” indicates a condition applied in diopter correction. Specifically, there are a value indicating the refractive power (eyesight value) of the eye E, information indicating the position of the objective lens 119, and the like.

  (5) “Maximum interference depth” indicates a depth at which the interference intensity between the measurement light and the reference light, which is applied in the OCT measurement, is maximum. The maximum interference depth includes information indicating the position of the reference mirror 114, for example.

  (6) “Analysis process” indicates the content of the process executed based on the data acquired by the optical unit 110, that is, the type of the inspection data to be acquired. Examples of analysis processing include fundus layer thickness analysis and nipple shape analysis. The fundus layer thickness analysis is an analysis process for obtaining the thickness of a predetermined layer tissue of the fundus (retina, retinal sub-tissue, choroid, sclera, etc.). The nipple shape analysis is an analysis process in which a cross-sectional image or a three-dimensional image of the fundus oculi is analyzed to detect a hole portion (cut or defect portion) of the retina and obtain the shape of the optic nerve head. In the nipple shape analysis, the inclination (shape asymmetry) of the optic nerve head can also be obtained.

  The analysis process may include a process of specifying an image area corresponding to a predetermined part of the eye E and a process of obtaining the form and distribution of the specified image area. Examples of the predetermined region that is a specific target include blood vessels, optic disc, macular, predetermined layer tissues (retina, retinal sub-tissue, choroid, sclera, etc.), laser treatment marks, lesions (drusen, retinal detachment sites, Tissue defect site, tissue deformation site, etc.).

  The analysis process may include a process of calculating a distance based on data acquired by OCT measurement. As an example of this distance measurement, there is a measurement of an intraocular distance (such as an axial length) based on data acquired by OCT measurement of the anterior segment and data acquired by OCT measurement of the fundus. It is also possible to obtain the intraocular distance based only on the OCT image of the fundus or anterior segment.

  When OCT measurement is performed for both the left eye and the right eye of the subject, and when different settings are applied to the left and right, setting information about the left eye (setting information for the left eye) and the right eye Setting information (right eye setting information) can be provided separately.

  In addition, when two or more subjects share the fundus imaging apparatus 100 and different settings are applied to each subject, individual setting information may be provided for each subject. Is possible. The setting information is created based on, for example, past examination results and diagnosis results regarding the eye to be examined.

(Image forming unit 220)
The image forming unit 220 forms image data based on the detection signal from the CCD image sensor 123. This process includes processes such as noise removal (noise reduction), filter processing, dispersion compensation, and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) as in the conventional spectral domain type OCT. When another type of OCT is applied, the image forming unit 220 executes a known process corresponding to the type.

  The image forming unit 220 includes, for example, a dedicated circuit board and / or a microprocessor. In this specification, “image data” and “image” based thereon may be identified.

(Data processing unit 230)
The data processing unit 230 executes various data processing. For example, the data processing unit 230 performs image processing on the image formed by the image forming unit 220. As an example, the data processing unit 230 can form image data of a three-dimensional image of the eye E based on a plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images having different cross-sectional positions. The image data of a three-dimensional image means image data in which pixel positions are defined by a three-dimensional coordinate system. As image data of a three-dimensional image, there is image data composed of voxels arranged three-dimensionally. This image data is called volume data or voxel data. When displaying an image based on volume data, the data processing unit 230 performs rendering processing (volume rendering, MIP (Maximum Intensity Projection), etc.) on the volume data, and views the image from a specific gaze direction. Image data of a pseudo three-dimensional image is formed. Further, the data processing unit 230 can image an arbitrary cross section of a three-dimensional image (MPR (Multi-Planar Reconstruction): cross-sectional conversion).

  It is also possible to form stack data of a plurality of cross-sectional images as image data of a three-dimensional image. The stack data is image data obtained by three-dimensionally arranging a plurality of cross-sectional images obtained along a plurality of scanning lines based on the positional relationship of the scanning lines. That is, stack data is image data obtained by expressing a plurality of cross-sectional images originally defined by individual two-dimensional coordinate systems by one three-dimensional coordinate system (that is, by embedding them in one three-dimensional space). is there. The data processing unit 230 can perform MPR processing based on the stack data.

  The data processing unit 230 includes, for example, a microprocessor, a RAM, a ROM, a hard disk drive, a circuit board dedicated to predetermined data processing, and the like. In a storage device such as a hard disk drive, a computer program for causing a microprocessor to execute data processing described later is stored in advance.

(Communication unit 240)
The communication unit 240 performs data communication with an external device. The method of data communication is arbitrary. For example, the communication unit 240 includes a communication interface compliant with the Internet, a communication interface compliant with LAN, a communication interface compliant with near field communication, and the like. Data communication may be wired communication or wireless communication.

  The communication unit 240 performs data communication with the external computer 1000 via the communication line 2000. One or more external computers 1000 are provided. The external computer 1000 includes a server installed in a medical institution, a terminal used by a doctor, a server of a manufacturer (or a sales company, a maintenance company, a rental company, etc.) of the fundus imaging apparatus 100, a person in charge of the manufacturer, etc. There are terminals used by. The external computer 1000 is not limited to one that can directly communicate with the fundus imaging apparatus 100, and may be one that can indirectly communicate with another computer. For example, in the example described in the first embodiment, the external computer 1000 includes not only the portable information terminal 16 but also the portable information terminal 16 ′ and the personal computer 16 </ b> A.

  Data transmitted and received by the communication unit 240 may be encrypted. In that case, the control unit 210 (or the data processing unit 230) includes an encryption processing unit that encrypts transmission data and a decryption processing unit that decrypts reception data.

[Action / Effect]
The operation and effect of the fundus imaging system according to this embodiment will be described. Note that the manner in which the fundus is scanned and the manner in which the index is formed on the fundus may be the same as in the first embodiment.

  The fundus imaging apparatus (100) according to the embodiment includes the following components: the fundus (Ef) of the eye to be examined (E) is scanned with light from the light source unit (light source 111), and the return light from the fundus is received. Scanning optical system that receives light at the unit (CCD 123); Control circuit unit (control unit 210) that controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning trajectory (scan pattern) by light is formed on the fundus; An image constructing unit (image forming unit 220, data processing unit 230) that constructs an image of the fundus based on the position of the scanning locus.

  An alignment mode is provided as an operation mode of the control circuit unit. In the alignment mode, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) scans so that an alignment index for aligning the scanning optical system with respect to the eye to be examined is projected on the fundus based on light (measurement light) from the light source unit. Control of the optical system (in particular, control of the scanner 116) is performed. According to this configuration, alignment can be performed without providing a dedicated optical system for projecting the alignment index.

  The control mode in the alignment mode may be any of those described in the first embodiment. Specifically, the following control can be applied.

  In the alignment mode, the image construction unit (such as the image forming unit 220) can form an image of the alignment index. When the above-described front image acquisition optical system is provided, an image of the alignment index can be acquired by configuring the measurement light wavelength band to be detectable. The control circuit unit (control unit 210) causes the display means (display unit 310) to display an image of the alignment index constructed by the image construction unit. According to this configuration, the user can recognize the alignment state. The display means does not have to be configured as a part of the fundus imaging apparatus, and may be an external display.

  The fundus imaging apparatus of the embodiment may include a drive unit (unit drive unit 110A) for moving the scanning optical system. In this case, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) is in an alignment state based on the alignment index. The determination unit performs processing similar to that of the alignment index determination unit 27a of the first embodiment, and the control circuit unit determines the drive unit based on the determination result. The scanning optical system can be moved by the control, and according to this configuration, it is possible to perform auto-alignment based on the alignment index.

  In the fundus imaging apparatus of the embodiment, the scanning optical system may include a scanner (scanner 116). In this case, in the alignment mode, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) performs alignment on the fundus by controlling the scanner so that a scan locus different from the scan locus for constructing the fundus image is formed on the fundus. An indicator can be projected. Scanning trajectories applied in such an alignment mode include multiple rings and spiral trajectories in addition to the circular trajectory CRSp shown in FIG.

  When the scanning optical system includes a scanner (scanner 116), the control circuit unit (control unit 210) controls the scanner based on the same scanning locus as the scanning locus for constructing the fundus image, and the light source unit ( The alignment index can be projected onto the fundus by linking the lighting timing control of the light source 111) (ie, by performing synchronization control between the scanner 116 and the light source 111). This process is executed, for example, in the manner shown in FIG.

  In the case where the scanning optical system includes a scanner (scanner 116), the control circuit unit (control unit 210) performs the same scanning as the scanning trajectory for constructing the fundus image while turning on the light source unit (light source 111). By aligning the control of the scanner based on the trajectory and the control of the output timing of the light receiving signal from the light receiving unit (CCD 123) (that is, by the synchronous control of the scanner 116 and the CCD 123), an image of the alignment index is displayed. It can be displayed on the means (display unit 310). This process is executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  In the alignment mode, the light (measurement light) applied to the fundus may be infrared light.

  A focus mode can be provided as an operation mode of the control circuit unit (control unit 210). In the focus mode, the scanning optical system is controlled such that a focus index for focusing the scanning optical system on the fundus of the eye to be examined is projected onto the fundus Ef based on the light from the light source unit (light source 111). . According to this configuration, focusing can be performed without providing a dedicated optical system for projecting the focus index.

  In the focus mode, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) can cause the display means (display unit 310) to display the image of the focus index constructed by the image construction unit (image forming unit 220, data processing unit 230). . According to this configuration, the user can recognize the focus state.

  The scanning optical system may include a lens (objective lens 119 or the like) for performing focusing. Furthermore, a drive unit (such as a lens barrel drive unit 119B) for moving the lens in the direction of the optical axis of the scanning optical system may be provided. In this case, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) includes a determination unit that determines the focus state based on the focus index. This determination unit performs the same processing as in the first embodiment. The control circuit unit can move the lens by controlling the drive unit based on the result of this determination. According to this configuration, it is possible to perform autofocus based on the focus index.

  In the focus mode, the light (measurement light) applied to the fundus may be infrared light.

  As an operation mode of the control circuit unit (control unit 210), a fundus observation mode for observing a moving image of the fundus of the eye to be examined can be provided. In the fundus oculi observation mode, scanning based on the same scan pattern (for example, line scan, three-dimensional scan) is repeatedly executed. Accordingly, a moving image representing substantially the same part of the fundus oculi Ef is displayed. In such a fundus oculi observation mode, the control circuit unit (control unit 210) controls the light source unit (light source 111) so that a fixation target by visible light is presented to the eye to be examined. When this configuration is applied, the light source 111 is provided with a visible light source capable of outputting visible light in addition to a near-infrared light source for OCT measurement. The control circuit unit performs synchronous control of the light source 111 and the scanner 116 so that visible light (and infrared light) is output when light is irradiated to the scanning locus position corresponding to the fixation target.

<Third Embodiment>
In the third embodiment, a fundus imaging system including an optical scanning ophthalmoscope similar to that of the first embodiment will be described. Hereinafter, FIGS. 1 to 9 of the first embodiment will be referred to as appropriate. The configuration of the optical system is partially different from that of the first embodiment (FIG. 7).

  The configuration of the fundus imaging apparatus according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. The difference between the configuration shown in FIG. 37 and the configuration shown in FIG. 7 of the first embodiment is that the former is provided with a projection lens LL. The projection lens LL will be described later.

  According to the optical scanning ophthalmoscope of this embodiment, fundus photography can be performed by the subject himself / herself. In such a case, the fundus image and personal information can be associated as follows.

(Example of processing to acquire personal information)
As schematically shown in FIG. 38, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 1 is connected to the portable information device 16 via the USB. A portable information device 16 ', a personal computer (PC) 16A, and a monitor unit 16B are installed in the medical institution (examiner side). The portable information device 16 ′ is connected to the personal computer 16A via USB. The examiner-side portable information device 16 ′ receives the information transmitted from the subject-side portable information device 16.

  The personal computer 16A is provided with an analysis processing unit that analyzes fundus image information and personal information. A monitor unit 16B is connected to the personal computer 16A. A fundus image and personal information are displayed in association with each other on the screen of the monitor unit 16B as necessary.

(Configuration example 1)
FIG. 39 shows a configuration example 1 of the fundus imaging system according to this embodiment. In the configuration example 1, a handprint (palm shape) or a fingerprint recognition sensor is used as the personal information acquisition means (external patient recognition unit). The biometric authentication information applicable in Configuration Example 1 is not limited to a handprint or a fingerprint, and for example, a palm print or a vein (blood vessel) pattern of a hand or finger can be applied.

  A fingerprint / hand sensor 30 is connected to the control circuit unit 27 of the optical scanning ophthalmoscope body 1. The ROM of the control circuit unit 29B is provided with a personal information acquisition control program for controlling the fingerprint / hand sensor 30 and a program as an association means for associating the personal information with the fundus image. The control circuit unit 27 includes a microprocessor. The microprocessor receives a clock signal from the real time clock circuit 31.

  In this operation example, when the power button B is turned on and a personal information acquisition control program load switch (not shown) is operated, the personal information acquisition control program is automatically loaded into the microprocessor of the control circuit unit 27. Is done. When the subject touches the fingerprint / handprint sensor 30 with a finger or hand, the fingerprint or handprint is acquired as personal information. The acquired personal information is stored in the RAM of the built-in memory unit 29B.

  In the example described above, a configuration is adopted in which the mode automatically shifts to the observation mode in response to the acquisition of personal information. However, when imaging is performed by the subject himself as in this operation example, the subject himself operates the imaging button 9 (external switch) to perform fundus imaging without performing fundus observation. When fundus imaging is performed, the acquired fundus image EGr and personal information acquired before fundus imaging are associated with each other and temporarily stored in the RAM.

  The fundus EGr and personal information are transmitted to the examiner-side portable information device 16 ′ shown in FIG. 38 via the portable information device 16. In this way, the medical institution on the examiner obtains personal information and fundus images acquired by fundus photography performed by the subject himself.

(Configuration example 2)
FIG. 40 shows a configuration example 2 of the fundus imaging system according to this embodiment. In Configuration Example 2, a program for recognizing a retinal pattern or iris pattern is provided in the ROM as personal information acquisition means.

  When the retinal pattern is recognized, a retinal pattern recognition program is loaded into the microprocessor in response to the power being turned on. The scanning optical system shown in FIG. 37 is controlled by a retinal pattern recognition program. Thereby, the retina pattern image is acquired by the image processing unit 29a and stored in the RAM.

  Next, when the subject operates the photographing button 9, a fundus image EGr is acquired, and the fundus image EGr and the retinal pattern image (personal information) are associated with each other and stored in the RAM. The fundus EGr and personal information are transmitted to the examiner-side portable information device 16 ′ shown in FIG. 38 via the portable information device 16. Thereby, the personal information and the fundus image are acquired by the medical institution on the examiner side.

  In the personal computer 16A, a retinal pattern image for each subject (each eye) is registered in advance. The personal computer 16A identifies the subject by collating the retinal pattern image transmitted from the subject side with the retinal pattern image registered in advance.

  When recognizing the iris pattern, an iris pattern recognition program is loaded into the microprocessor. When the iris pattern recognition program is loaded into the microprocessor, the control circuit unit 27 inserts the projection lens LL for anterior segment imaging shown in FIG. 37 into the optical path of the scanning optical system.

  Next, the control circuit unit 27 controls the scanning optical system so as to scan the iris Rp. Thereby, an iris pattern image is acquired by the image processing unit 29a. The acquired iris pattern image is stored in the RAM. Next, when the imaging button 9 is operated by the subject, the projection lens LL is retracted from the optical path of the scanning optical system, and a fundus image EGr is acquired. The acquired fundus image EGr is associated with an iris pattern image as personal information and stored in the RAM.

  The fundus EGr and personal information are transmitted to the examiner-side portable information device 16 ′ shown in FIG. 38 via the portable information device 16. Thereby, the personal information and the fundus image are acquired by the medical institution on the examiner side.

  According to the configuration example 2, personal information can be acquired using a scanning optical system used for photographing a fundus image, so that personal information can be acquired without unnecessarily complicating the physical configuration of the personal information acquisition unit. There are benefits.

(Configuration example 3)
FIG. 41 shows a configuration example 3 of the fundus imaging system according to this embodiment. In the configuration example 3, a face photography camera 32 is provided as personal information acquisition means. In this example, the face photography camera 32 is configured to be operated by the alignment adjustment button 10. When the alignment adjustment button 10 is operated, the face of the subject is photographed by the face photography camera 32. Since the subsequent operation is the same as that of the configuration example 1 and the configuration example 2, the detailed description thereof is omitted.

  According to the configuration example 3, there is an advantage that the camera for taking a face photograph can be used not only for personal information authentication but also for determining the brightness of the shooting location, for example.

  As described above, the configuration in which the fundus image is associated with the personal information when the fundus photographing is performed by the subject himself has been described. However, similar association processing can be performed even when the examiner is present and photographing the fundus.

<Fourth Embodiment>
In the third embodiment, the fundus imaging system in which the optical scanning ophthalmoscope is applied as the fundus imaging apparatus has been described. However, the fundus imaging apparatus is not limited to the optical scanning ophthalmoscope. For example, the optical coherence tomography described as the background art can be applied as a fundus imaging apparatus.

  Note that even when the optical coherence tomography is applied, the optical coherence tomography may be a portable type (therefore, the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 in the first embodiment can be applied). On the other hand, the optical coherence tomography may be used both as a portable type and a stationary type, or dedicated to the stationary type.

  The optical coherence tomography of this embodiment has the same optical system as that of the second embodiment. Hereafter, FIG. 35 of 2nd Embodiment is referred suitably. In addition, the data processing unit 230 of the optical coherence tomography of this embodiment is provided with an inspection data generation unit 231 and an authentication processing unit 232 (see FIG. 42). The inspection data generation unit 231 generates inspection data. The examination data is data indicating the state of the eye to be examined, which is generated by processing the detection result of the interference light by the optical unit 110 (details will be described later). In this embodiment, the examination data is used as authentication information for authenticating the subject. In the storage unit 212, setting information similar to that in the second embodiment and regular personal authentication information described below are stored in advance.

(Regular personal authentication information)
The regular personal authentication information is personal authentication information of a person who is permitted to perform an examination using the fundus imaging apparatus 100 (a regular subject). The personal authentication information is information used for personal authentication of a person who is going to perform an examination using the fundus imaging apparatus 100. The personal authentication information is used as personal information in the first embodiment.

  The personal authentication information may be character string information or image information. Examples of the character string information include a patient ID given by a medical institution, personal information such as a subject's name, character string information arbitrarily designated by the subject, and character string information designated randomly. Examples of the image information include biometric authentication information (such as a fingerprint pattern, an iris pattern, a vein pattern, and a face pattern), a one-dimensional code, and a two-dimensional code. In addition, a voice pattern or a handwriting pattern can be used as the personal authentication information.

  The personal authentication information may be information acquired based on an image of the eye E (two-dimensional cross-sectional image, three-dimensional image, front fundus image, etc.) that can be acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus 100. Examples of such personal authentication information include the following: (1) Morphological information indicating the form of a predetermined region of the fundus (blood vessel, optic nerve head, layer tissue, laser treatment mark, etc.); (2) a predetermined region of the fundus (3) Layer thickness distribution information indicating the distribution of the thickness of a predetermined layer tissue of the fundus; (4) Distance (such as the axial length) between the fundus and the anterior segment. A method for obtaining the personal authentication information will be described later.

  The blood vessel morphology information includes, for example, a blood vessel pattern, the number / thickness / length / curvature of blood vessels, the number of blood vessel bifurcations, and the number of blood vessel intersections. The blood vessel distribution information includes, for example, the position (distribution) of the blood vessel, the curvature distribution of the blood vessel, the position of the branching portion of the blood vessel, and the position of the crossing portion of the blood vessel. The optic nerve head morphology information includes, for example, its shape and size (area, disk diameter, cup diameter, rim diameter, ratio of these diameters, nipple depth, etc.). The distribution information of the optic disc includes, for example, its position. The morphological information of the layer structure includes, for example, its shape / size (length, thickness). The distribution information of the layer structure includes, for example, the position. The form information of the characteristic part (laser treatment mark, lesion, etc.) includes, for example, its shape and size. The distribution information of the characteristic part includes, for example, the position.

  A person who intends to perform an examination using the fundus imaging apparatus 100 inputs personal authentication information by a predetermined method. The input method corresponds to the type of personal authentication information used. The same personal authentication information as in the first embodiment is input in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The personal authentication information acquired through OCT measurement is input by actually performing OCT measurement on the eye E to be examined and processing an image obtained thereby.

  When two or more subjects share the fundus imaging apparatus 100, regular personal authentication information for each subject is stored in the storage unit 212 in advance.

(Inspection data generation unit 231)
The inspection data generation unit 231 generates inspection data indicating the state of the eye E by processing the detection result of the interference light by the optical unit 110. The “interference light detection result” is, for example, one of the following: (1) a signal output from the CCD image sensor 123; (2) image data formed by the image forming unit 220; (3) an image forming unit. Data obtained at an intermediate stage of processing executed by 220 (that is, data obtained during the image data forming process); (4) A signal output from the CCD image sensor 123 is processed by components other than the image forming unit 220 Data obtained by Hereinafter, an example of processing executed by the inspection data generation unit 231 will be described.

  As a first example, the inspection data generation unit 231 can generate layer thickness information of the fundus oculi Ef based on the detection result of the interference light by the optical unit 110. In this case, the examination data generation unit 231 functions as a layer thickness information generation unit, and executes the above-described fundus layer thickness analysis (such as retinal thickness analysis and RNFL thickness analysis). Further, the examination data generation unit 231 can perform a comparative analysis between the layer thickness information acquired by the fundus layer thickness analysis and a standard layer thickness value.

  The fundus layer thickness analysis is a process for obtaining the thickness (distribution) of a predetermined layer tissue of the fundus oculi Ef based on the detection result of the interference light. As an example, retinal thickness analysis will be described. Similar processing is performed when the thicknesses of other layer structures are obtained.

  In the retinal thickness analysis, for example, by analyzing an OCT image (cross-sectional image, three-dimensional image) of the fundus oculi Ef, the thickness distribution of the retina in part or all of the scan range is obtained. There are various definitions of retinal thickness. For example, when the thickness from the inner boundary membrane to the inner granule layer (inscribed / external contact of photoreceptor cells) is used as the retinal thickness, the thickness from the inner border membrane to the retinal pigment epithelial layer may be used as the retinal thickness. . The retinal thickness obtained by retinal thickness analysis is one of such definitions.

  The retinal thickness analysis is performed as follows, for example. First, an OCT image of the fundus oculi Ef is analyzed, and an image region corresponding to a predetermined boundary region (for example, the inner boundary membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium layer) is specified. Then, the number of pixels between the specified boundary portions is counted to obtain the retinal thickness (distance in the depth direction). The processing for analyzing the OCT image to determine the thickness of the fundus layer is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-325831, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-206684, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-61203, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. It is described in the 2009-66015 gazette. The information acquired in this way is an example of “layer thickness distribution information”.

  By performing the same process as the retinal thickness analysis, an image region corresponding to an arbitrary layer structure of the fundus oculi Ef can be specified, and a layer thickness distribution of the arbitrary layer structure can be acquired. As a result, it is possible to acquire morphological information indicating the form of a predetermined part (predetermined layer tissue) of the fundus oculi Ef, distribution information indicating the distribution of the predetermined part, and layer thickness distribution information of the predetermined layer tissue.

  The comparative analysis of the retinal thickness is an analysis process that compares the retinal thickness obtained by the retinal thickness analysis with standard data (Normal data) stored in advance. Normal data is the standard value (standard thickness) of the retinal thickness of healthy eyes. The normal data is created by measuring a large number of retinal thicknesses of healthy eyes and obtaining statistical values (average value, standard deviation, etc.) of the measurement results. In the comparative analysis, it is determined whether or not the retinal thickness of the eye E is included in the range of the normal eye. The comparative analysis may be a process of obtaining a range of retinal thickness in a diseased eye and determining whether or not the retinal thickness obtained by the retinal thickness analysis is included in the range.

  The examination data generation unit 231 may be configured to execute an analysis process for specifying an image region corresponding to a characteristic part (laser treatment mark, lesion part, etc.) of the fundus oculi Ef. This process is an analysis process in which, for example, by analyzing an OCT image, the morphological information and / or distribution information of a characteristic part in part or all of the scan range is obtained.

  This analysis process includes, for example, a process of specifying a pixel corresponding to a characteristic part among pixels of the OCT image. As a specific example, it is possible to specify a pixel having a pixel value belonging to a range determined in advance according to a characteristic part. As another example, a pixel value histogram can be created for the pixels constituting the OCT image, and the pixel corresponding to the characteristic part can be specified based on the distribution of the pixel values in the histogram.

  Further, the OCT image can be divided into a plurality of image regions, or a predetermined image region of the OCT image can be specified, and further, a pixel corresponding to a characteristic part can be specified based on the form of the image region. For example, an image region corresponding to a Bruch's membrane and an image region corresponding to a retinal pigment epithelium are identified, and an image region corresponding to a small substantially circular raised shape is selected based on a pixel value between these image regions. ) Can be specified. The image region specifying process based on such a shape may include, for example, image matching using a template of the shape.

  In the case where the above-described front image acquisition optical system is provided and the fundus oculi Ef can be photographed, an image region corresponding to a characteristic part is specified based on the photographed image of the fundus oculi Ef. Can do. This analysis process is executed, for example, by determining whether the pixel value of each pixel of the captured image is included in a predetermined range and specifying the pixels included in the predetermined range. When the captured image is a color image, the characteristic part has a characteristic shape and color. Specifically, the laser treatment scar is depicted as a small circular vitiligo, and the lesion is depicted in a characteristic color (Drusen is yellowish white). Therefore, by searching for an image area corresponding to such a characteristic shape and color, it is possible to specify an image area corresponding to the characteristic part. When the captured image is a monochrome image, it is possible to specify an image region corresponding to a characteristic part by searching an image region corresponding to a characteristic shape or brightness (luminance).

  The nipple shape analysis may include an analysis process for detecting the hole of the retina by analyzing the OCT image of the fundus oculi Ef and obtaining the shape of the hole, that is, the shape of the optic nerve head. The nipple shape analysis is performed by, for example, analyzing a cross-sectional image or a three-dimensional image to identify an image region corresponding to the optic nerve head and the retinal surface in the vicinity thereof, and analyzing the identified image region to analyze its global shape and locality. A parameter (nipple shape parameter) representing the shape (unevenness) is obtained. Examples of papillary shape parameters include the optic disc cup diameter, disc diameter, rim diameter, and nipple depth.

  The nipple shape analysis may include an analysis process for obtaining the inclination (shape asymmetry) of the optic nerve head. This analysis process is executed as follows, for example. First, the examination data generation unit 231 analyzes the three-dimensional image obtained by scanning the region including the optic nerve head and identifies the center of the teat. Next, the test data generation unit 231 sets a circular area centered on the nipple center, and divides the circular area radially to obtain a plurality of partial areas. Subsequently, the examination data generation unit 231 obtains the height position of a predetermined layer (for example, the retinal pigment epithelium layer) at each pixel position by analyzing a cross-sectional image of the circular region. Further, the inspection data generation unit 231 calculates an average value of height positions of predetermined layers in each partial region. Next, the examination data generation unit 231 obtains the inclination of the fundus oculi Ef in the facing direction by comparing a pair of average values obtained for a pair of partial regions corresponding to the facing position with respect to the nipple center. Then, the examination data generation unit 231 generates inclination distribution information indicating the distribution of the inclination of the fundus oculi Ef in the circular area based on the inclinations obtained in the plurality of facing directions. Note that the evaluation information of the disease state can be generated based on the generated inclination distribution information (and information indicating the standard distribution).

  A fundus front image can be formed based on a three-dimensional image acquired by OCT. The fundus front image is an image drawn on a plane orthogonal to the incident direction (z direction) of the measurement light with respect to the fundus oculi Ef. The fundus front image is formed by projecting a part or all of the three-dimensional image in the depth direction (z direction) of the fundus oculi Ef. This process is executed by the data processing unit 230. The fundus front image is called a projection image.

  When the fundus front image is formed using only a part of the three-dimensional image, this partial region may be a part in the xy direction or a part in the z direction. The former is applied, for example, when obtaining a fundus front image of a predetermined part (optic nerve head, macular, etc.). The latter is applied, for example, when obtaining a fundus front image including a predetermined range of information in the z direction. When a partial region in the z direction is used in the three-dimensional image, the upper surface and / or the lower surface of this partial region may be a flat surface or a curved surface. In addition, an image (tilted fundus image) drawn on a plane that forms an arbitrary angle with respect to the z direction can be formed based on a three-dimensional image.

  The examination data generation unit 231 can generate examination data based on the fundus front image (or tilted fundus image). The type of examination data based on the fundus front image may be the same as that of examination data based on another type of OCT image (two-dimensional cross-sectional image, three-dimensional image, etc.) such as the above-described form information and distribution information.

  As described above, the data processing unit 230 can image an arbitrary cross section of a three-dimensional image (MPR image). The designation of the cross section is executed manually or automatically. The inspection data generation unit 231 can generate inspection data based on the MPR image. The type of inspection data based on the MPR image may be the same as that of inspection data based on another type of OCT image, such as the above-described form information and distribution information.

  The inspection data generation unit 231 can obtain the intraocular distance as the inspection data. When obtaining the intraocular distance from the two-dimensional cross-sectional image or the fundus front image, the examination data generation unit 231 specifies a plurality of positions in the image. The specified position is a point of interest in the eye E (the center of the nipple, fovea, lesion, etc.), which is a point manually designated by the user or a point obtained by image analysis.

  The examination data generation unit 231 can specify the intraocular distance based on two or more OCT images. As an example, processing for obtaining the axial length will be described. The fundus imaging apparatus 100 can switch between a fundus mode for acquiring an image of the fundus oculi Ef and an anterior segment mode for forming an image of the anterior segment. The operation mode is switched by inserting / retracting the switching lens 127 with respect to the measurement optical path. The switching lens 127 and the lens driving unit 127A are examples of “mode switching unit”. The main control unit 211 causes the storage unit 212 to store the position information of the reference mirror 114 applied in the fundus mode and the position information of the reference mirror 114 applied in the anterior segment mode. In the fundus mode, a two-dimensional cross-sectional image or a three-dimensional image including the center position of the fundus surface is acquired. In the anterior segment mode, a two-dimensional cross-sectional image or a three-dimensional image including the corneal apex is acquired.

  Based on the OCT image (fundus OCT image) acquired in the fundus mode and the OCT image (anterior ocular segment OCT image) acquired in the anterior segment mode, the examination data generation unit 231 The distance between is calculated. As a specific example, the examination data generation unit 231 analyzes the fundus OCT image to identify coordinates corresponding to the fundus center (fundus center coordinates), analyzes the anterior segment OCT image, and coordinates corresponding to the corneal apex (cornea) Specify the vertex coordinates. Further, the examination data generation unit 231 determines the eye to be examined based on the fundus center coordinates, the corneal vertex coordinates, the displacement of the focus of the measurement light by switching the operation mode, and the position information of the reference mirror 114 in both operation modes. The axial length of E is calculated.

(Authentication processing unit 232)
In this embodiment, the inspection data acquired by the inspection data generation unit 231 can be used as personal authentication information. In addition, regular personal authentication information is stored in the storage unit 212 in advance. The authentication processing unit 232 collates personal authentication information such as inspection data with regular personal authentication information. The authentication processing unit 232 sends a verification result (information indicating whether the verification is successful) to the control unit 210.

  When the collation is successful, the control unit 210 controls the fundus imaging apparatus 100 to execute OCT measurement. On the other hand, when collation fails, the control part 210 displays the predetermined alert information on the display part 310, for example. This notification information includes a message indicating that the verification has failed, a message prompting re-input of personal authentication information, a message prompting input of other personal authentication information, and the like.

  The verification process will be described. When examination data is used as personal authentication information, there are cases where the personal authentication information and the regular personal authentication information do not completely match even if the regular eye to be inspected is subject to inspection due to measurement errors and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to configure so that the collation is successful even if there is a certain degree of difference between the personal authentication information and the regular personal authentication information. As an example, an allowable range (such as a threshold) is set in advance for the difference between the personal authentication information and the regular personal authentication information. The authentication processing unit 232 obtains a difference between the personal authentication information and the regular personal authentication information, and determines whether this difference is included in the allowable range. When it is determined that the difference is included in the allowable range, the authentication processing unit 232 obtains a result that the verification is successful. On the other hand, when it is determined that the difference is not included in the allowable range, the authentication processing unit 232 obtains a result that the verification has failed.

  As described above, there are various types of personal authentication information. Therefore, a plurality of personal authentication information can be selectively applied. Hereinafter, a case where two pieces of personal authentication information are used will be described.

  The storage unit 212 includes regular personal authentication information (first regular personal authentication information) related to the first personal authentication information and regular personal authentication information (second regular personal authentication information) related to the second personal authentication information. , Stored in advance.

  First, it is assumed that the first personal authentication information is obtained. The authentication processing unit 232 collates the acquired first personal authentication information with the first regular personal authentication information. If the collation is successful, photographing by the fundus photographing apparatus 100 is permitted. On the other hand, if the verification fails, the second personal authentication information is acquired. The authentication processing unit 232 collates the acquired second personal authentication information with the second regular personal authentication information. If the collation is successful, photographing by the fundus photographing apparatus 100 is permitted. On the other hand, when collation fails, the control unit 210 displays notification information including a message indicating that collation has failed, a message prompting re-input of personal authentication information, a message prompting input of other personal authentication information, and the like. 310 is displayed.

  When two or more subjects share the fundus imaging apparatus 100, that is, when two or more regular subjects exist, regular personal authentication information of each subject is stored in the storage unit 212. In response to the acquisition of the personal authentication information, the control unit 210 sends all the regular personal authentication information stored in the storage unit 212 to the authentication processing unit 232.

  The authentication processing unit 232 collates the acquired personal authentication information with each regular personal authentication information. If the acquired personal authentication information is successfully verified with any of the regular personal authentication information, the subject corresponding to the regular personal authentication information is recognized as the subject of the current examination. On the other hand, when the verification by the acquired personal authentication information fails for all the regular personal authentication information, the control unit 210 causes the display unit 310 to display the notification information as described above.

(Association process)
The personal authentication information generated by the inspection data generation unit 231 is sent to the control unit 210 and stored in the storage unit 212. The OCT image formed by the image forming unit 220 (and the data processing unit 230) is sent to the control unit 210 and stored in the storage unit 212. The control unit 210 associates the OCT image with personal authentication information (personal information). This process is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The control unit 210 is an example of “association means”.

(Communication unit 240)
The communication unit 240 transmits the OCT image and personal authentication information (personal information) associated by the control unit 210 to the external computer 1000. The communication unit 240 is an example of a “transmission unit”.

[Action / Effect]
The operation and effect of the fundus imaging system according to this embodiment will be described.

  The fundus imaging system according to this embodiment includes a fundus imaging apparatus (100), a personal information acquisition unit (examination data generation unit 231), and an association unit (control unit 210). The fundus imaging apparatus images the fundus of the subject's eye. The personal information acquisition means acquires personal information of the subject. The association unit associates the fundus image acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus with the personal information acquired by the personal information acquisition unit.

  According to such an embodiment, it is possible to automatically associate the acquired fundus image with the personal information, so it is possible to easily associate the fundus image with the personal information. For example, the association can be performed even in an examination performed without an examiner present.

  The fundus imaging apparatus of this embodiment may include a transmission unit (communication unit 240) that transmits the image associated with the association unit and the personal information. According to this configuration, it is possible to send the associated image and personal information to the external device.

  The fundus imaging apparatus of this embodiment may include the following optical system and processing unit. The optical system scans the fundus of the subject's eye with the measurement light, and detects interference light obtained by superimposing the return light of the measurement light from the fundus and the reference light. That is, this optical system is an interference optical system for performing OCT (see FIG. 35). The processing unit forms a fundus image by processing the detection result of the interference light by the optical system. In this embodiment, the processing unit includes at least the image forming unit 220 and may include the data processing unit 230. Furthermore, the personal information acquisition unit (examination data generation unit 231) acquires personal information (personal authentication information) based on the image formed by the processing unit.

  According to this configuration, personal information can be acquired based on the OCT image. In particular, it is possible to acquire personal authentication reflecting the shape and distribution in the depth direction of the fundus, and the three-dimensional shape and distribution of the fundus region. Further, functional information (blood flow information or the like) obtained by functional OCT such as Doppler OCT can be used as personal information.

  In this embodiment, the personal information acquisition means (examination data generation unit 231) may be configured to acquire one or both of the following personal information by analyzing the image formed by the processing unit. : Morphological information representing the form of the predetermined part of the fundus; Here, the predetermined part of the fundus may include any of a blood vessel of the fundus, an optic disc, a predetermined layer tissue, and a treatment mark by laser treatment.

  In this embodiment, the following configuration can be applied: an optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light; a processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus; The personal information is acquired based on the three-dimensional image. According to this configuration, personal information can be acquired based on a three-dimensional image with a large amount of information. For example, it is possible to obtain a two-dimensional form or a three-dimensional form as well as a two-dimensional distribution or a three-dimensional distribution for a predetermined part of the fundus. Moreover, according to this structure, the freedom degree of the personal information acquired increases.

  In this embodiment, the following configuration can be applied: an optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light; a processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus; A fundus front image (projection image) is formed by projecting at least a part of the three-dimensional image in the depth direction of the fundus; personal information acquisition means acquires personal information based on the fundus front image. The fundus front image includes information on a range subjected to the projection process. According to this structure, the freedom degree of the acquired personal information increases.

  In this embodiment, the following configuration can be applied: an optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light; a processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus; A two-dimensional cross-sectional image representing a cross-section of the three-dimensional image is formed; personal information acquisition means acquires personal information based on the two-dimensional cross-sectional image. According to this configuration, personal information can be acquired based on an image in which an arbitrary cross section of the fundus is drawn. Moreover, according to this structure, the freedom degree of the personal information acquired increases.

  In this embodiment, the personal information acquisition means may be configured to acquire layer thickness distribution information representing the thickness distribution of a predetermined layer tissue of the fundus by analyzing the image formed by the processing unit. . The layer thickness distribution information can be used as personal information.

  In this embodiment, the fundus imaging apparatus includes a mode switching unit (switching lens) for switching between a fundus mode for forming an image of the fundus of the eye to be examined and an anterior segment mode for forming an image of the anterior segment. 127 and a lens driving unit 127A). In this case, the personal information acquisition unit calculates the distance between the fundus and the anterior segment based on the fundus image formed in the fundus mode and the anterior segment image formed in the anterior segment mode. can do. This distance can be used as personal information.

  The mode switching unit is not limited to the configuration in which the switching lens is inserted / retracted with respect to the optical path of the measurement light. For example, the fundus mode and the anterior segment mode may be switched by applying a configuration that can change the optical path length of the reference light by a sufficient distance. As a specific example, the reference mirror (114) can be configured to be movable within a range in which a predetermined distance is added to a general axial length.

  The fundus imaging system of this embodiment may have the following storage means and collation means. The storage means (storage unit 212) stores in advance normal personal authentication information regarding a normal subject who is permitted to perform imaging using the fundus imaging apparatus. The collating unit collates the personal information acquired by the personal information acquiring unit with the regular personal authentication information. The fundus photographing apparatus performs photographing when the collation unit succeeds in collating the personal information with the regular personal authentication information. This configuration can also be applied to the first embodiment. According to this configuration, the subject can be authenticated as to whether or not the use of this system is permitted.

  In the above example, the fundus imaging apparatus is provided with the storage unit, but the storage unit may be provided in a device connected to the fundus imaging apparatus. For example, the storage means may be provided in a server or NAS (Network Attached Storage).

  In this embodiment, the verification unit may be configured to determine that the verification is successful when the difference between the personal information and the authorized personal authentication information is included in a preset allowable range. According to this configuration, personal authentication using biometric information can be suitably performed.

  In this embodiment, it is possible to apply the following configuration: if the difference between the personal information and the authorized personal authentication information is not within the predetermined tolerance, the personal information acquisition means The collating unit collates the acquired other personal information with other regular personal authentication information stored in advance in the storage unit. According to this configuration, when authentication using one type of personal information fails, authentication can be performed using another type of personal information. Thereby, for example, authentication using biometric information can be suitably performed.

  In this embodiment, the fundus imaging apparatus may be a portable type and / or a stationary type. According to this configuration, the degree of freedom of the system configuration is increased.

<Fifth Embodiment>
In this embodiment, a fundus imaging system capable of acquiring a plurality of types of personal information will be described. The type of personal information may include any one or more of the personal information used in the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be made based on the fourth embodiment.

[First configuration example]
FIG. 43 shows the configuration of the fundus imaging apparatus included in the fundus imaging system according to this example. The fundus imaging apparatus 101 has a function for inputting a medical history of a subject. The medical history is information indicating the content of medical treatment given to the subject in the past. Medical history includes medical history, treatment history, medication history, and the like. The medical history is input, for example, by acquiring the subject's electronic medical record via the network or manually by the user. The former process is executed by the control unit 210 controlling the communication unit 240, for example. The latter process is performed on the predetermined input screen displayed on the display unit 310 via the operation unit 320, for example. These are examples of the “medical history input unit”.

  Further, the data processing unit 230 of the fundus imaging apparatus 101 is provided with a type selection unit 233. The type selection unit 233 selects one or more types from among a plurality of types related to personal information based on the input medical history. Here, the “plurality of types” is set in advance, and is, for example, all types of personal information that can be acquired by personal information acquisition means (such as the test data generation unit 231). Further, some of all the types that can be acquired may be “plural types”. In this case, the “plurality of types” is set in advance automatically or manually.

  An example of the type selection unit 233 will be described. The type selection unit 233 stores in advance correspondence information in which items included in the medical history are associated with types of personal information. This item includes, for example, a disease name, a drug name, a treatment item, and the like. One or more types of personal information are associated with each item or a combination of two or more items. As a specific example, a type of personal information that has a small influence (or no influence) is associated with an item. For example, morphological information related to the optic nerve head is associated with a macular disease. Conversely, morphological information relating to the macula is associated with a disease of the optic nerve head. Further, drusen distribution information related to age-related macular degeneration is associated with glaucoma. In addition, the axial length is associated with a disease that does not involve a change in the axial length.

  Information indicating the selection result by the type selection unit 233 is input to the inspection data generation unit 231. The examination data generation unit 231 acquires personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit 233, for example, by analyzing an OCT image.

  The effect of the fundus imaging system according to this example will be described. The personal information acquisition means in this example is configured to be able to acquire a plurality of types of personal information.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example includes a medical history input unit and a type selection unit. The medical history input unit operates to input the medical history of the subject. The medical history input unit includes, for example, the control unit 210 and the communication unit 240, or the user interface 300. The type selection unit (233) selects one or more types from among a plurality of types set in advance regarding personal information based on the medical history input by the medical history input unit. The personal information acquisition means operates to acquire personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example includes, for example, the data processing unit 230 (examination data generation unit 231 and type selection unit) in addition to the above medical history input unit (control unit 210 and communication unit 240 or user interface 300). 233). Further, the configuration of the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment can be applied to the association unit and the transmission unit.

  According to such a fundus imaging system, it is possible to selectively apply the type of personal information corresponding to the medical history of the subject.

[Second Configuration Example]
The fundus imaging apparatus included in the fundus imaging system according to this example has the same configuration as that of the first configuration example (see FIG. 43). This fundus photographing apparatus has a function of acquiring an elapsed time since the last photographing of the fundus oculi Ef of the eye E. This function includes, for example, a first function for acquiring an electronic medical record of a subject via a network, a second function for acquiring a previous photographing date (and time) from the electronic medical record, and the photographing date and current And a third function for calculating the elapsed time based on the date and time. The first function is realized by the control unit 210 controlling the communication unit 240, for example. The second and third functions are realized by the control unit 210, for example. These are examples of the “shooting interval acquisition unit”.

  Furthermore, the type selection unit 233 of this example selects one or more types from among a plurality of types related to personal information based on the elapsed time input by the shooting interval acquisition unit. This process is executed with reference to correspondence information similar to that in the first configuration example, for example.

  In the correspondence information of this example, the elapsed time is associated with the type of personal information. This correspondence is determined according to the degree of change of personal information with time, for example. That is, personal information includes information that changes with time, such as morphological information and distribution information generated from a fundus image, and information that does not change with time, such as character string information and fingerprint patterns. On the other hand, it does not bother the subject in acquiring the form information and distribution information, but it is necessary to acquire the character string information and the fingerprint pattern. In consideration of such matters, personal information that changes over time can be applied when the elapsed time is short, and personal information that does not change over time can be applied when the elapsed time is long. Furthermore, various personal information that changes over time can be classified according to factors such as the speed of change over time and the accuracy of authentication, and can be arbitrarily associated with the time axis of elapsed time.

  When personal information based on the fundus image is included in the selection result by the type selection unit 233, information indicating the type of the personal information is input to the examination data generation unit 231. The examination data generation unit 231 acquires personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit 233, for example, by analyzing an OCT image.

  In addition, when the selection result by the type selection unit 233 includes personal information accompanying the work of the subject, information indicating the type of the personal information is input to the control unit 210. For example, the control unit 210 causes the display unit 310 to display a message that prompts an operation for acquiring personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit 233.

  The effect of the fundus imaging system according to this example will be described. The personal information acquisition means in this example is configured to be able to acquire a plurality of types of personal information.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example includes an imaging interval acquisition unit and a type selection unit. The imaging interval acquisition unit acquires an elapsed time from the previous imaging of the fundus. The imaging interval acquisition unit includes, for example, a control unit 210 and a communication unit 240. The type selection unit (233) selects one or more types from among a plurality of types set in advance regarding personal information based on the elapsed time acquired by the shooting interval acquisition unit. The personal information acquisition means operates to acquire personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example is, for example, a data processing unit 230 (examination data generation unit 231 and type selection unit 233, or third unit in addition to the imaging interval acquisition unit (control unit 210 and communication unit 240). In the embodiment). Further, the configuration of the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment can be applied to the association unit and the transmission unit.

  According to such a fundus imaging system, it is possible to selectively apply the type of personal information corresponding to the elapsed time since the previous imaging.

[Third configuration example]
The configuration of the fundus imaging apparatus included in the fundus imaging system according to this example is shown in FIG. The fundus imaging apparatus 102 includes a disease candidate specifying unit 234 that specifies a disease candidate of the eye E by analyzing an image formed by the image forming unit 220 or the data processing unit 230. The disease candidate means a disease that may cause the eye E to be examined. The image analysis performed by the disease candidate specifying unit 234 includes an arbitrary process for specifying a disease candidate (may be a known process), and may include, for example, fundus layer thickness analysis, nipple shape analysis, drusen analysis, and the like. . The disease candidate specifying unit 234 may be provided in the examination data generating unit 231.

  Further, the data processing unit 230 of the fundus imaging apparatus 102 is provided with a type selection unit 233. The type selection unit 233 selects one or more types from among a plurality of types related to personal information based on the disease candidates specified by the disease candidate specification unit 234. This process is executed with reference to correspondence information similar to that in the first configuration example, for example.

  In the correspondence information of this example, the disease candidate and the type of personal information are associated with each other. This correspondence relationship is obtained, for example, by associating one disease candidate with the type of personal information related to a site that is not affected (or has a small effect) by this disease candidate. As a specific example, morphological information relating to the optic nerve head is associated with a macular disease. Conversely, morphological information relating to the macula is associated with a disease of the optic nerve head. Further, drusen distribution information related to age-related macular degeneration is associated with glaucoma. In addition, the axial length is associated with a disease that does not involve a change in the axial length.

  Information indicating the selection result by the type selection unit 233 is input to the inspection data generation unit 231. The examination data generation unit 231 acquires personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit 233, for example, by analyzing an OCT image.

  The effect of the fundus imaging system according to this example will be described. The personal information acquisition means in this example is configured to be able to acquire a plurality of types of personal information.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example includes a disease candidate specifying unit (234) and a type selecting unit (233). The disease candidate specifying unit specifies a disease candidate for the eye to be examined by analyzing an image acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus (102). The type selection unit selects one or more types from among a plurality of types set in advance regarding personal information based on the disease candidate specified by the disease candidate specifying unit. The personal information acquisition means operates to acquire personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit.

  The personal information acquisition means in this example includes, for example, a data processing unit 230 (examination data generation unit 231 and type selection unit 233) in addition to the disease candidate identification unit (234). Further, the configuration of the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment can be applied to the association unit and the transmission unit.

  According to such a fundus imaging system, it is possible to selectively apply the type of personal information corresponding to the disease candidate specified based on the fundus image.

<Modification>
The configuration described above is merely an example for carrying out the present invention. Therefore, arbitrary modifications (omitted, replacement, addition, etc.) within the scope of the present invention can be made as appropriate.

  In the fifth embodiment, the type of personal information is properly used according to the medical history, imaging interval, or disease candidate. However, the allowable range in the collation processing of the fourth embodiment can be changed. It is.

  In the above embodiment, the optical scanning ophthalmoscope and the optical coherence tomography have been described. However, a multifunction machine to which a plurality of imaging methods can be applied can be used as the fundus imaging apparatus. Multifunctional devices include optical scanning ophthalmoscopes and optical coherence tomography devices, fundus cameras and optical coherence tomography devices, optical coherence tomography and slit lamp microscopes, optical There are devices that combine a scanning ophthalmoscope and a fundus camera. In a multi-function peripheral, it is arbitrary which function is used to execute a target process. For example, in an apparatus combining an optical scanning ophthalmoscope and an optical coherence tomograph, it is possible to form the alignment index in the former and the focus index in the latter.

  In the first and second embodiments, light (spot light, measurement light, etc.) for imaging the fundus is used to form an index, but this light may be used for other purposes. For example, this light can be used to provide a light stimulus to the photoreceptor cell. It should be noted that when light stimulation is applied, the light irradiation time for the same position of the fundus is longer than when imaging is performed. Therefore, the light source unit can be controlled so that the amount of light when applying the light stimulus is smaller than that when imaging is performed. In addition, when an apparatus combining an optical scanning ophthalmoscope and an optical coherence tomography is used, optical stimulation can be applied in the latter (or the former) while imaging is performed in the former (or the latter).

  A computer program for realizing the above embodiment can be stored in any recording medium readable by a computer. Examples of the recording medium include a semiconductor memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk (CD-ROM / DVD-RAM / DVD-ROM / MO, etc.), a magnetic storage medium (hard disk / floppy (registered trademark) disk / ZIP, etc.), and the like. Can be used.

  It is also possible to transmit / receive this program through a network such as the Internet or a LAN.

[Appendix]
The fundus imaging system according to the third to fifth embodiments will be described as follows.

  There are cases in which tests are performed without attendance of the examiner at sites such as group screening, home medical care, remote medical care, and welfare facilities for the elderly. Under such examination conditions, the examiner cannot identify the subject, and thus the fundus imaging and the association between the fundus image and the subject (personal information) can be made easier by the subject himself / herself. It is desirable to be able to do it.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the third to fifth embodiments is to simply associate a fundus image with personal information. A fundus imaging system for achieving this object has the following characteristics.

[Additional Item 1]
A fundus photographing apparatus for photographing the fundus of the subject's eye;
Personal information acquisition means for acquiring the personal information of the subject;
A fundus imaging system comprising: an association unit that associates an image of the fundus acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus with the personal information acquired by the personal information acquisition unit.

[Additional Item 2]
The fundus imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the fundus imaging apparatus includes a transmission unit configured to transmit the image associated with the association unit and the personal information.

[Additional Item 3]
The fundus imaging system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires a retina pattern of a subject as the personal information.

[Additional Item 4]
The fundus imaging apparatus includes:
A scanning optical system that receives the return light of the spot light from the fundus while scanning the fundus of the subject's eye with a spot light; and
A control circuit unit for controlling the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the spot light is formed on the fundus;
An image constructing unit that constructs an image by the return light using a light reception signal from the light receiving unit and a position of the scanning locus;
The fundus imaging system according to claim 3, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the retinal pattern using an image constructed by the image construction unit.

[Additional Item 5]
The fundus imaging system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires an iris pattern of the subject as the personal information.

[Additional Item 6]
The fundus imaging apparatus includes:
A scanning optical system that receives the return light of the spot light from the fundus while scanning the fundus of the subject's eye with a spot light; and
A control circuit unit for controlling the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the spot light is formed on the fundus;
An image constructing unit that constructs an image by the return light using a light reception signal from the light receiving unit and a position of the scanning locus,
A projection lens for projecting the spot light onto the anterior eye portion of the eye to be examined, which can be inserted into and removed from the optical path of the scanning optical system,
The fundus imaging system according to claim 5, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the iris pattern using an image of the anterior segment constructed by the image constructing unit.

[Additional Item 7]
The personal information acquisition means includes
Including a photo camera for photographing the face of the subject,
The fundus photographing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein personal information is obtained using a face photograph obtained by the face photograph camera.

[Additional Item 8]
The fundus imaging system according to appendix 1 or appendix 2, wherein the personal information acquisition means acquires any one of a handprint, a fingerprint, a palm print, and a vein pattern of the subject as the personal information.

[Additional Item 9]
The fundus imaging apparatus includes:
An optical system that scans the fundus of the subject's eye with measurement light and detects interference light obtained by superimposing the return light of the measurement light from the fundus and the reference light;
A processing unit that forms a fundus image by processing the detection result of the interference light by the optical system,
The fundus imaging system according to Additional Item 1 or Additional Item 2, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the personal information based on an image formed by the processing unit.

[Appendix 10]
The personal information acquisition means acquires, as the personal information, morphological information representing the morphology of a predetermined part of the fundus and / or distribution information representing the distribution of the predetermined part by analyzing the image formed by the processing unit. The fundus imaging system according to item 9, wherein the fundus imaging system is provided.

[Additional Item 11]
The fundus imaging system according to appendix 10, wherein the predetermined part includes any one of a blood vessel of the fundus, an optic disc, a predetermined layer tissue, and a treatment mark by laser treatment.

[Additional Item 12]
The optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light,
The processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus,
The fundus imaging system according to any one of appendices 9 to 11, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the personal information based on the three-dimensional image.

[Additional Item 13]
The optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light,
The processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus, forms at least a part of the three-dimensional image in the depth direction of the fundus, and forms a fundus front image.
The fundus imaging system according to any one of appendices 9 to 11, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the personal information based on the fundus front image.

[Additional Item 14]
The optical system scans a three-dimensional region of the fundus with measurement light,
The processing unit forms a three-dimensional image of the fundus, forms a two-dimensional cross-sectional image representing a cross-section of the three-dimensional image,
The fundus imaging system according to any one of appendices 9 to 11, wherein the personal information acquisition unit acquires the personal information based on the two-dimensional cross-sectional image.

[Appendix 15]
The personal information acquisition means acquires layer thickness distribution information representing a thickness distribution of a predetermined layer tissue of the fundus as the personal information by analyzing the image formed by the processing unit. Item 10. The fundus imaging system according to Item 9.

[Appendix 16]
The fundus imaging apparatus has a mode switching unit for switching between a fundus mode for forming an image of the fundus of the eye to be examined and an anterior eye unit mode for forming an image of the anterior eye part,
The personal information acquisition means calculates the distance between the fundus and the anterior segment based on the fundus image formed in the fundus mode and the anterior segment image formed in the anterior segment mode. The fundus imaging system according to item 9, wherein the fundus imaging system is calculated as personal information.

[Additional Item 17]
The fundus imaging system according to any one of appendices 1 to 16, wherein the personal information acquisition unit is capable of acquiring a plurality of types of personal information.

[Additional Item 18]
The personal information acquisition means includes
A medical history input unit for inputting the medical history of the subject;
A type selection unit that selects one or more types of the plurality of types based on the medical history input by the medical history input unit;
The fundus imaging system according to item 17, wherein personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit is acquired.

[Appendix 19]
The personal information acquisition means includes
An imaging interval acquisition unit that acquires an elapsed time from the previous imaging of the fundus;
A type selection unit that selects one or more types of the plurality of types based on the elapsed time acquired by the shooting interval acquisition unit;
The fundus imaging system according to item 17, wherein personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit is acquired.

[Appendix 20]
The personal information acquisition means includes
By analyzing the image acquired by the fundus imaging apparatus, a disease candidate specifying unit that specifies a disease candidate of the eye to be examined; and
A type selecting unit that selects one or more types of the plurality of types based on the disease candidate specified by the disease candidate specifying unit, and
The fundus imaging system according to item 17, wherein personal information of the type selected by the type selection unit is acquired.

[Appendix 21]
Storage means in which regular personal authentication information related to a regular subject permitted to perform imaging using the fundus imaging apparatus is stored;
Collation means for collating the personal information acquired by the personal information acquisition means with the regular personal authentication information,
The fundus imaging apparatus performs imaging when the collation unit succeeds in collating the personal information with the regular personal authentication information. Fundus photography system.

[Appendix 22]
The supplementary item 21 is characterized in that the collating unit determines that the collation is successful when a difference between the personal information and the regular personal authentication information is included in a preset allowable range. The fundus imaging system described.

[Additional Item 23]
If the difference is not included in the allowable range, the personal information acquisition means acquires other personal information,
The fundus imaging system according to item 22, wherein the collating unit collates the other personal information with other regular personal authentication information stored in advance in the storage unit.

[Appendix 24]
The fundus imaging system according to any one of items 1 to 23, wherein the fundus imaging apparatus is a portable type.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical scanning ophthalmoscope main body 27 Control circuit part 29 Fundus image construction part 30 Fingerprint / hand-shaped sensor 100, 101, 102 Fundus photographing apparatus 110 Optical unit 111 Light source 114 Reference mirror 114A Reference mirror drive part 116 Scanner 123 CCD image sensor 127 Switching Lens 127A Lens drive unit 200 Computer 210 Control unit 211 Main control unit 212 Storage unit 220 Image forming unit 230 Data processing unit 231 Examination data generation unit 232 Authentication processing unit 233 Type selection unit 234 Disease candidate identification unit 240 Communication unit 300 User interface 310 Display unit 320 Operation unit 1000 External computer 2000 Communication line

Claims (14)

A scanning optical system that scans the fundus of the subject's eye with the light from the light source unit, and receives the return light from the fundus at the light receiving unit;
A control circuit unit that controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the light is formed on the fundus;
An image constructing unit that constructs an image of the fundus based on a light reception signal from the light receiving unit and a position of the scanning locus,
As the operation mode, the control circuit unit controls the scanning optical system so that an alignment index for aligning the scanning optical system with respect to the eye to be examined is projected on the fundus based on the light from the light source unit. An eye fundus photographing apparatus characterized by including an alignment mode for performing. 2. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the alignment mode, the control circuit unit displays an image of the alignment index constructed by the image construction unit on a display unit. A driving unit for moving the scanning optical system;
The control circuit unit includes a determination unit that determines an alignment state based on the alignment index, and moves the scanning optical system by controlling the drive unit based on a result of the determination. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The scanning optical system includes a scanner;
In the alignment mode, the control circuit unit sets the alignment index on the fundus by controlling the scanner so that a scan locus different from the scan locus for constructing the fundus image is formed on the fundus. The fundus photographing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fundus photographing apparatus is projected. The scanning optical system includes a scanner;
In the alignment mode, the control circuit unit cooperates with the control of the scanner based on the same scanning locus as that for constructing the fundus image and the lighting timing of the light source unit. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an alignment index is projected onto the fundus by the above. The scanning optical system includes a scanner;
In the alignment mode, the control circuit unit controls the scanner based on the same scanning trajectory as that for constructing the fundus image and receives light from the light receiving unit while turning on the light source unit. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an image of the alignment index is displayed on the display unit by performing control in conjunction with signal output timing control. The fundus imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the alignment mode, light applied to the fundus is infrared light. A scanning optical system that scans the fundus of the subject's eye with the light from the light source unit, and receives the return light from the fundus at the light receiving unit;
A control circuit unit that controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the light is formed on the fundus;
An image constructing unit that constructs an image of the fundus based on a light reception signal from the light receiving unit and a position of the scanning locus,
As the operation mode, the control circuit unit is configured to project a focus index for focusing the scan optical system on the fundus of the eye to be examined on the fundus based on light from the light source unit. A fundus imaging apparatus including a focus mode for controlling the eye. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein in the focus mode, the control circuit unit displays an image of the focus index constructed by the image construction unit on a display unit. The scanning optical system includes a lens for performing focusing,
A drive unit for moving the lens in the direction of the optical axis of the scanning optical system;
9. The control circuit unit includes a determination unit that determines a focus state based on the focus index, and moves the lens by controlling the drive unit based on a result of the determination. The fundus imaging apparatus according to claim 9. The fundus imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein in the focus mode, the light applied to the fundus is infrared light. The control circuit unit includes, as its operation mode, a fundus observation mode for observing a moving image of the fundus of the eye to be examined,
The control circuit unit controls the light source unit so that a fixation target by visible light is presented to the eye to be examined in the fundus observation mode. The fundus imaging apparatus according to Item. The scanning optical system forms a spot light with the light from the light source unit, scans the fundus with the spot light, receives the return light of the spot light from the fundus with the light receiving unit,
The control circuit unit controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the spot light is formed on the fundus;
The said image construction part constructs | assembles the front image of the said fundus based on the light reception signal from the said light reception part, and the position of the said scanning locus | trajectory. Fundus photographing device. The scanning optical system includes an interference optical system that scans the fundus with measurement light and generates interference light by superimposing return light of the measurement light from the fundus and reference light, and the interference light is received by the light receiving unit. Receive light at
The control circuit unit controls the scanning optical system so that a scanning locus by the measurement light is formed on the fundus;
The image constructing unit constructs a two-dimensional cross-sectional image or a three-dimensional image of the fundus based on a light reception signal from the light receiving unit and a position of the scanning locus. The fundus imaging apparatus according to any one of the above.

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