JP2010214372A - 蒸気圧縮を用いた蒸留法 - Google Patents
蒸気圧縮を用いた蒸留法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010214372A JP2010214372A JP2010112694A JP2010112694A JP2010214372A JP 2010214372 A JP2010214372 A JP 2010214372A JP 2010112694 A JP2010112694 A JP 2010112694A JP 2010112694 A JP2010112694 A JP 2010112694A JP 2010214372 A JP2010214372 A JP 2010214372A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- item
- heat
- pump
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
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- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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- F04C29/0085—Prime movers
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- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
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Abstract
【解決手段】a)未処理液体を受け入れる流入部と、b)液体を蒸気に変えるために該流入部に結合された蒸発器と、c)蒸発器からの蒸気を集めるためのヘッドチャンバと、d)蒸気を圧縮するための蒸気ポンプであって、i)内部駆動軸と、ii)回転可能ハウジング付き偏心回転子と、を有する蒸気ポンプと、e)圧縮された蒸気を蒸留液体製品に変えるために該蒸気ポンプに連絡している凝縮器と、を備える、液体蒸留システム。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、液体の浄化に関し、特に、回転可能ハウジングを備えた液体リングポンプを含む蒸気圧縮蒸留による液体の浄化に関する。
本発明の第1の実施態様においては、低価格化、小型化、保守の簡易化に好都合な液体浄化システムを提供する。一実施態様は、液体リングポンプと回転自在ハウジングとを備えた蒸留装置を有し、液体リングポンプと、モータと、回転子が単一の連続軸の周りを回転し、第2の軸によって回転自在ハウジングが支持されている。この蒸留装置は、内燃機関または外燃機関をさらに有し、またモータ回転子と磁石とが蒸留システムの流体圧力境界内に気密密閉されていることが好ましい。
すなわち、本発明は以下を特徴とする。
(項目1)
液体蒸留システムであって、
a) 未処理液体を受け入れる流入部と、
b) 該液体を蒸気に変えるために該流入部に結合された蒸発器と、
c) 該蒸発器からの蒸気を集めるためのヘッドチャンバと、
d) 該蒸気を圧縮するための蒸気ポンプであって、
i)内部駆動軸と、
ii)回転可能ハウジング付き偏心回転子と、
を有する蒸気ポンプと、
e) 圧縮された蒸気を蒸留液体製品に変えるために該蒸気ポンプに連絡している凝縮器と、
を備える、システム。
(項目2)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記回転子が、取り入れ部と排出部とをそれぞれ有する複数のチャンバによって隔てられた複数の翼をさらに備える、システム。
(項目3)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記流入部が少なくとも1つの熱源に結合されているシステム。
(項目4)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、サンプをさらに備え、始動時に前記蒸発器からの液体を予熱しうるシステム。
(項目5)
項目4に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器が複数の平行管を有し、各管の第1の開放端が前記サンプに連絡し、第2の開放端が前記ヘッドチャンバに連絡しているシステム。
(項目6)
項目5に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器のコア管からの液体の両浄化を行うに十分な液位を維持するための調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目7)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記凝縮器内の圧力を維持および制御するための調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目8)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、凝縮液体製品を集めるための流出部をさらに備え、前記ブローダウン流を再循環させるために前記流出部が前記流入部につながっているシステム。
(項目9)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記取り入れ部に結合されている前処理アセンブリをさらに備える、システム。
(項目10)
項目9に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記液体前処理アセンブリが濾過と、脱気と、化学修飾と、紫外線照射と、ポリリン酸塩、ポリアセテート、ポリアスパルテート、有機酸による処理と、外部エンジンからのCO 2 の追加を含む酸性化と、振動電界への暴露と、他の適切な前処理工程とを含む複数の処理のうちの少なくとも1つを行うシステム。
(項目11)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、取り入れた液体を始動直後に加熱する加熱装置をさらに備える、システム。
(項目12)
項目11に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記加熱フェーズの完了および前記加熱装置の停止を信号で伝えるために、サーモスタットスイッチ、圧力検知スイッチ、あるいは関連の熱または圧力変換器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目13)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記流入部から液体を受け入れ、少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するための熱交換器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目14)
項目13に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記少なくとも1つの熱源が前記製品流と、前記ブローダウン流と、システムの廃熱と、蒸気ポンプの廃熱と、モータの廃熱と、電源からのエンジン排熱と、外部熱源とを備える、システム。
(項目15)
項目13に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記熱交換器がいくつかの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するマルチライン交換器である、システム。
(項目16)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記駆動装置が電動機を備える、システム。
(項目17)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器が電熱器を備える、システム。
(項目18)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記液体が前記蒸発器に入る前に前記液体を濾過するための少なくとも2つのユニットを前記流入部に有するマルチユニットフィルタをさらに備える、システム。
(項目19)
項目18に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記フィルタがフリップフィルタである、システム。
(項目21)
項目18に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、ダイバータをさらに備え、前記ヘッドチャンバから分流されたブローダウン流によって前記フィルタを逆洗するシステム。
(項目22)
項目21に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記フィルタの逆洗に必要最少量のブローダウン流を供給するために前記ダイバータに結合された調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目20)
項目19に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、フィルタユニットを逆洗して汚染を防止するために、前記フリップフィルタを適切な時間間隔で定期的に回転させるための機構をさらに備える、システム。
(項目23)
項目20に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、汚染防止用の逆洗を行うために前記フィルタに通す液体の方向および供給源を切り替えるためのスイッチをさらに備える、システム。
(項目24)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、システムに結合された電源をさらに備え、前記電源がクリーンな燃焼のジェネレータである、システム。
(項目25)
液体蒸留システムであって、
a) 未処理液体を入れる流入部と、
b) 該液体を蒸気に変えるために該流入部に結合された蒸発器と、
c) 該蒸発器からの蒸気を集めるためのヘッドチャンバと、
d) 該蒸気を圧縮するための蒸気ポンプであって、
1) 内部駆動軸と、
2) 偏心回転子と、を含む蒸気ポンプと、
e) 該蒸気ポンプからの圧縮蒸気を蒸留液体製品に変える凝縮器と、
f) 該液体が該蒸発器に入る前に該液体を濾過するための少なくとも2つのフィルタユニットを該流入部に有するマルチユニットフィルタと、を備える、システム。
(項目26)
項目25に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、ダイバータをさらに備え、前記ヘッドチャンバから分流されたブローダウン流によって少なくとも1つのフィルタユニットを逆洗するシステム。
(項目27)
項目26に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記少なくとも1つのフィルタユニットの逆洗に必要最少量のブローダウン流を前記ヘッドチャンバから供給するために、前記ダイバータに結合された調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目28)
項目26に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記マルチユニットフィルタがフリップフィルタである、システム。
(項目29)
項目28に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、汚染防止のために、前記フリップフィルタを適切な時間間隔で定期的に回転させるための機構をさらに備える、システム。
(項目30)
項目25に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記取り入れ部から液体を受け入れ、複数の熱源の少なくとも1つからの熱を前記流入液体に加えるための熱交換器さらに備える、システム。
(項目31)
項目30に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、複数の熱源のうちの前記少なくとも1つが前記製品流と、前記ブローダウン流と、システムの廃熱と、蒸気ポンプの廃熱と、モータの廃熱と、電源からの排熱と、外部熱源とを備える、システム。
(項目32)
項目30に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記熱交換器が、いくつかの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するためのマルチライン熱交換器である、システム。
(項目33)
フリップフィルタモジュールであって、
a) 取り入れた液体流を濾過するための第1のフリップフィルタユニットと、
b) 第2のフリップフィルタユニットであって、逆洗流による洗浄が可能であり、第1および第2のフリップフィルタユニットの間に設けられたピボット継手によって該第1のフリップフィルタに結合されている第2のフリップフィルタユニットと、
c) 該第1および第2のフリップフィルタを回転させて、該第2フリップフィルタが該取り入れた液体流を濾過するように位置付け、該第1のフリップフィルタが該逆洗流によって洗浄されるようにするためのフリップスイッチと、を含むモジュール。
(項目34)
マルチライン熱交換器であって、
a) 第1の液体の流れを受け入れる第1の流入部と、
b) 第2の液体の流れを受け入れる第2の流入部と、
c) 第3の液体の流れを受け入れる第3の流入部と、
d) 該流体の全てを相互に隔離しながら、該第1および第2の流体からの熱を該第3の流体に伝える界面と、
e) 第1の副熱交換器内で該取り入れ流に結合される第1の熱源からの第1の熱源流と、
f) 第2の副熱交換器内で該取り入れ流に結合される第2の熱源からの第2の熱源流と、
g) 該第1の熱源または第3の熱源を源とし、少なくとも第3の副熱交換器内で該第2の副熱交換器からの該取り入れ流に結合される少なくとも第3の熱源流と、を含むマルチライン熱交換器。
(項目35)
液体蒸留システムであって、
a) 未処理液体を受け入れる流入部と、
b) 該液体を蒸気に変えるために該流入部に結合された蒸発器と、
c) 該蒸気を圧縮するための蒸気ポンプであって、
i. 内部駆動軸と、
ii. 回転可能ハウジング付きの偏心回転子と、
iii. 液体を該蒸気ポンプに送り込むためのサイフォンポンプと、を含む蒸気ポンプと、
d) 圧縮蒸気を蒸留液体製品に変えるために該蒸気ポンプに連絡している凝縮器と、を備える、システム。
(項目36)
液体蒸留方法であって、
a. ヘッドチャンバを充填するように未処理液体を蒸発させる工程と、
b. 内部駆動軸と回転可能ハウジング付き偏心回転子とを用いて、該ヘッドチャンバ内の該蒸気を回転させることによって該蒸気を圧縮する工程と、
c. 該圧縮された蒸気を凝縮して蒸留液体製品にする工程と、を包含する、方法。
(項目37)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、紫外線照射と、ポリリン酸塩、ポリアセテート、ポリアスパルテート、有機酸による処理と、外部エンジンからのCO 2 の追加を含む酸処理と、振動電界または振動磁界への暴露とを含む少なくとも1つの前処理方法を用いて該未処理液体を前処理する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目38)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記凝縮器の前記内部圧力を調整する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目39)
項目38に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、超大気圧を維持する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目40)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記蒸発器のコア管からの液体の両浄化を行うに十分な液位を前記ヘッドチャンバ内に維持する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目41)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、液体が前記蒸発器に入る前に前記液体を濾過するために、少なくとも2つのフィルタユニットを有するマルチユニットフィルタを前記流入部に設ける工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目42)
項目41に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、少なくとも1つのフィルタユニットを逆洗するために、前記ヘッドチャンバからブローダウン流を分流する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目43)
項目42に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記少なくとも1つのフィルタユニットの逆洗に必要な最小流量を供給するために、前記ブローダウン流を調整する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目44)
項目42に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記フィルタがフリップフィルタである方法。
(項目45)
項目44に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、汚染防止のために前記フリップフィルタを一定の時間間隔で回転させる工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目46)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記ポンプを駆動するために電動機を使用する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目47)
項目46に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、浄化された液体を1時間あたり約10ガロン生産するために約500ワットの電力量で前記システムを運転する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目48)
項目47に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、浄化された液体を1時間あたり約3〜8ガロン生産するために前記システムを約250〜400ワットの電力量で運転する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目49)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、クリーンな燃焼のジェネレータを前記システムに結合する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目50)
項目49に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、クリーンな燃焼のジェネレータを前記システムに結合する工程をさらに包含し、前記ジェネレータが発生する排気の主成分がCO 2 、N 2 、および水である方法。
(項目51)
項目49または項目50に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記取り入れた液体の前処理用の酸性化および加熱のために、前記排気を前記取り入れた液体に導く工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目52)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、取り入れ穴と排出穴とをそれぞれ有する複数のチャンバによって隔てられた複数の翼を有する偏心回転子を用いる工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目53)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、飛沫同伴した液滴を前記蒸気ポンプ内の前記蒸気から取り除く工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目54)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、サンプに接続された蒸発器を用いる工程をさらに包含し、前記蒸発器が複数の平行管を有し、各管の第1の端が前記サンプに連絡し、第2の端が前記ヘッドチャンバに連絡している方法。
(項目55)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記蒸留された液体製品の後処理を行う工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目56)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記流入部から液体を受け入れ、少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するために熱交換器を使用する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目57)
項目56に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記製品流と、前記ブローダウン流と、システムの廃熱と、蒸気ポンプの廃熱と、排熱と、外部熱源とを含む前記少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記液体と前記熱交換器内で交換する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目58)
項目56に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記製品流および前記ブローダウン流からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するために3ライン熱交換器を用いる工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目59)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、始動前にシステムの呼び水を最少量の液体で行う工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目60)
背圧調整器であって、
閉位置を有するヒンジ付きアームと、
加圧導管に接続されているポートを覆うように形作られた可動ストップであって、該アームに取り付けられている保持器によって保持され、該アームが該閉位置にあるときに該ポートに隣接して位置付けられる可動ストップと、を含み、
該導管内の圧力が設定値を超えると、該アームが該閉位置から離れ、該導管内の該圧力が該設定値より低いときは、該アームが該閉位置にある背圧調整器。
(項目61)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記アームに調整可能に取り付けられたカウンタマスをさらに備える、背圧調整器。
(項目62)
項目61に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記アームに対する前記カウンタマスの位置を変えると前記設定値が変わる背圧調整器。
(項目63)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、最低設定値がほぼ10psigまたはそれ以下になるように前記カウンタマスが調整可能に取り付けられている背圧調整器。
(項目64)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、最高設定値がほぼ17psigまたはそれ以上になるように前記カウンタマスが調整可能に取り付けられている背圧調整器。
(項目65)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記アームが少なくとも前記閉位置にあるときに特別に設計された漏れ通気口をさらに備える、背圧調整器。
(項目66)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記可動ストップがほぼ球状である背圧調整器。
(項目67)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記調整器が蒸気圧縮蒸留システムで用いられる背圧調整器。
(項目68)
項目60に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記加圧導管に接続されたオリフィスを有する導管をさらに含み、前記ポートが前記オリフィスの開口部であり、前記アームが前記圧力容器にヒンジで取り付けられている背圧調整器。
(項目69)
項目68に記載の背圧調整器であって、前記導管が放出用オリフィスを含む背圧調整器。
(項目70)
水から汚染物質を除去する方法であって、
a. 電力容量を発生するために、燃料を燃やすためのバーナを含む熱サイクルエンジンによってジェネレータを駆動する工程と、
b. 浄化装置に電力を供給するために、該ジェネレータの該電力容量の少なくとも一部を使用する工程と、
c. 原水を該浄水装置の流入部に供給する工程と、
d. 熱を該浄化装置に供給して該水の浄化に必要な該電力量を減らすために、該熱サイクルエンジンの熱出力を運ぶ工程と、を包含する、方法。
(項目71)
項目70に記載の水から汚染物質を除去する方法であって、前記排熱出力を運ぶ工程が、前記バーナの排ガスからの熱を前記浄水装置に供給される原水に伝達する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目72)
項目70に記載の水から汚染物質を除去する方法であって、前記排熱出力を運ぶ工程が、熱損失を減らすために前記浄水装置を取り囲んでいるエンクロージャを加熱する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目73)
項目70に記載の方法であって、
e. 前記未処理水を蒸発させる工程と、
f. 前記蒸発した水を凝縮して蒸留水製品にする工程と、をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目74)
項目73に記載の水から汚染物質を除去する方法であって、前記排熱出力を運ぶ工程が、前記バーナの排ガスからの熱を前記浄水装置に供給される原水に伝達する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目75)
項目73に記載の水から汚染物質を除去する方法であって、前記排熱出力を運ぶ工程が、熱損失を減らすために前記浄水装置を取り囲んでいるエンクロージャを加熱する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目76)
水から除去した汚染物質を濃縮する方法であって、
a. 電力容量を発生するために、燃料を燃やすためのバーナを含む熱サイクルエンジンによってジェネレータを駆動工程と、
b. 浄水装置に電力を供給するために、該ジェネレータの該電力容量の少なくとも一部を使用する工程と、
c. 原水を該浄水装置の流入部に供給する工程と、
d. 熱を該浄水装置に供給するために、該熱サイクルエンジンの熱出力を運ぶ工程と、
e. 該未処理水を蒸発させる工程と、
f. 該水から除去した汚染物質を集める工程と、を包含する、方法。
(項目77)
人間の飲料用に水を蒸留するためのシステムであって、
a. ジェネレータを駆動して電力容量を発生させるための燃料を燃やすためのバーナを含む熱サイクルエンジンと、
b. 該ジェネレータから電力を供給される浄水装置と、
c. 該浄水装置によって蒸留する原水を受け入れるための流入部と、
d. 該熱サイクルエンジンの熱出力を該浄化装置に運ぶための導管と、を備える、システム。
(項目78)
項目74に記載のシステムであって、前記導管が、前記熱サイクルエンジンの前記バーナからの加熱されたガスを前記浄水装置に運ぶためのホースである、システム。
(項目79)
項目74に記載のシステムであって、前記流入部から前記浄水装置までの原水の経路に熱交換器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目80)
項目74に記載のシステムであって、前記熱サイクルエンジンが外燃機関である、システム。
(項目81)
項目74に記載のシステムであって、前記熱サイクルエンジンがスターリングサイクルエンジンである、システム。
(項目82)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸気ポンプが液体リングポンプを備える、システム。
(項目83)
項目82に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、高温ガスを冷却し、揮発性物質を放出するために揮発性物質ミキサをさらに備える、システム。
(項目84)
項目35に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸気ポンプが液体リングポンプを備える、システム。
(項目85)
液体蒸留システムであって、
a) 未処理液体を受け入れる流入部と、
b) 該液体を蒸気に変えるために該流入部に結合された蒸発器と、
c) 該蒸発器からの蒸気を集めるためのヘッドチャンバと、
d) 液体リングポンプであって、
i. 内部駆動軸と
ii. 回転可能ハウジング付きの偏心回転子と、を含む液体リングポンプと、
e) モータ回転子と複数の駆動電磁石とを有し、該駆動軸に電力を供給するための電動機であって、該モータ回転子と磁石とが該液体リングポンプの液体流体圧力境界内に気密密閉されている電動機と、
f) 圧縮された蒸気を蒸留液体製品に変えるために該蒸気ポンプに連絡している凝縮器と、を備える、システム。
(項目86)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記回転子が取り入れ部と排出部とをそれぞれ有する複数のチャンバによって隔てられた複数の翼をさらに備える、システム。
(項目87)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記流入部が少なくとも1つの熱源に結合されているシステム。
(項目88)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、サンプをさらに含み、始動時に前記蒸発器からの液体を予熱しうるシステム。
(項目89)
項目88に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器が複数の平行管を有し、各管の第1の開放端が前記サンプに連絡し、第2の開放端が前記ヘッドチャンバに連絡し、前記複数の平行管のそれぞれの前記第1の端と前記第2の端とがエラストマ管シールによって密閉されているシステム。
(項目90)
項目89に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器の管からの液体の浄化と、局所的乱流の減衰との両方に十分な液位を維持するための調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目91)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記凝縮器内の圧力を維持および制御するための調整器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目92)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、凝縮された液体製品を集めるための流出部をさらに含み、前記ブローダウン流を再循環させるために前記流出部が前記流入部にもつながっているシステム。
(項目93)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記取り入れ部に結合されている前処理アセンブリをさらに備える、システム。
(項目94)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、取り入れた液体を始動時に加熱するための加熱装置をさらに備える、システム。
(項目95)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記流入部から液体を受け入れ、少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するための熱交換器をさらに備える、システム。
(項目96)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記少なくとも1つの熱源が、前記製品流と、前記ブローダウン流と、システムの廃熱と、蒸気ポンプの廃熱と、モータの廃熱と、電源からのエンジン排熱と、外部熱源とを備える、システム。
(項目97)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記電動機が永久磁石ブラシレスモータである、システム。
(項目98)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記システムに結合された電源をさらに含み、前記電源がクリーンな燃焼のジェネレータである、システム。
(項目99)
項目85に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、液体を液溜めから前記蒸気ポンプに汲み入れるサイフォンポンプをさらに備える、システム。
(項目100)
液体蒸留方法であって、
d. ヘッドチャンバを充填するように未処理液体を蒸発させて蒸気を形成する工程と、
e. 内部駆動軸と回転可能ハウジング付き偏心回転子とを用いた液体リングポンプ内の該蒸気を、モータ回転子と駆動電磁石とが該液体リングポンプの液体圧力境界内に気密密閉された電動機を用いて回転することによって、該蒸気を圧縮する工程と、
f. 該圧縮された蒸気を凝縮して蒸留液体製品にする工程と、を包含する、方法。
(項目101)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、紫外線照射と、ポリリン酸塩、ポリアセテート、ポリアスパルテート、有機酸による処理と、酸処理と、振動電界または振動磁界への暴露とを含む少なくとも1つの前処理方法を用いて前記未処理液体を前処理する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目102)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記凝縮器の内圧を調整する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目103)
項目102に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、超大気圧を維持する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目104)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記蒸発器の管からの液体の浄化と、局所的乱流の減衰との両方に十分な液位を前記ヘッドチャンバ内に維持する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目105)
項目104に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記ヘッドチャンバ内の一定液位を維持するために、前記ヘッドチャンバからブローダウン流を分流する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目106)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、クリーンな燃焼のジェネレータを前記システムに結合する工程をさらに包含し、前記クリーンな燃焼のジェネレータが排気として主にCO 2 、N 2 、および水を発生する方法。
(項目107)
項目106に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記取り入れた液体の前処理用の酸性化および加熱のために、前記排気を前記取り入れた液体に導く工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目108)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、取り入れ穴と排出穴とをそれぞれ有する複数のチャンバによって隔てられた複数の翼を有する偏心回転子を用いる工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目109)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記蒸気ポンプ内の前記蒸気から飛沫同伴した液滴を取り除く工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目110)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、サンプに接続された蒸発器を用いる工程をさらに包含し、前記蒸発器が複数の平行管を備え、各管の第1の端が前記サンプに連絡し、第2の端が前記ヘッドチャンバに連絡し、前記複数の管のそれぞれの前記第1の端および第2の端がエラストマ管シールによって密閉されている方法。
(項目111)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記流入部から液体を受け入れて、少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記流入液体と交換するために熱交換器を用いる工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目112)
項目111に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記製品流と、前記ブローダウン流と、システムの廃熱と、蒸気ポンプの廃熱と、排熱と、外部熱源とを含む前記少なくとも1つの熱源からの熱を前記液体と前記熱交換器内で交換する工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目113)
項目100に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、始動前に最少量の液体で呼び水を行う工程をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目114)
項目55に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、後処理工程が、飲料適性を維持するために適切な紫外線照射などの滅菌方法を少なくとも1つ用いる工程を包含する、方法。
(項目115)
項目55に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、後処理工程が、添加物を前記液体に追加する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目116)
項目115に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記添加物が、砂糖をベースにした添加物と、酸と、ミネラルとのうちの少なくとも1つである方法。
(項目117)
項目115に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記添加物が、栄養素と、ビタミンと、安定化蛋白質と、脂肪とのうちの少なくとも1つである方法。
(項目118)
項目115に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、後処理工程が、前記液体の物理的性質を測定する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目119)
項目118に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、前記液体の物理的性質を測定する工程が、pHと、導電率と、硬度と、前記液体中の成分濃度とのうちの少なくとも1つを測定する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目120)
項目36に記載の液体蒸留方法であって、
前記蒸発した未処理液体からのブローダウン液体中のTDSを測定する工程と、
前記TDSが規定レベルより高い場合は、未処理液体の液源供給速度を調節する工程と、をさらに包含する、方法。
(項目121)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記凝縮器と前記蒸発器とが熱接触しているシステム。
(項目122)
項目121に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記凝縮器が疎水性被膜付きの表面を含み、前記表面が圧縮蒸気および液体に接触するように構成されているシステム。
(項目123)
項目4に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、前記蒸発器が、蒸気および凝縮液体の流れを導くためのチャネルを作るリブ区域を有する複数の平行コア層を有するシステム。
(項目124)
項目123に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、蒸発と凝縮とが隔てられるように、互い違いになった平行コア層が蒸発チャネルと凝縮チャネルとを備える、システム。
(項目125)
項目124に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、流量調整と、ミスト除去と、圧力調整とを単一ユニットにまとめた流体分配マニホルドをさらに備える、システム。
(項目126)
項目125に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、コア板およびマニホルドを、たとえば、プラスチック板、金属板、セラミック板、または高温および高圧に耐えうる他の非腐食性材料で作りうるシステム。
(項目127)
項目126に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、流量調整と、ミスト除去と、圧力調整とを単一ユニットにまとめた流体分配マニホルドをさらに備える、システム。
(項目128)
項目127に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、コア板およびマニホルドを、たとえば、プラスチック板、金属板、セラミック板、または高温および高圧に耐えうる他の非腐食性材料で作りうるシステム。
(項目129)
項目1に記載の液体蒸留システムであって、
未処理液体を前記蒸発器に送り込むためのポンプと、
前記ポンプの排出側にある通気孔と、
弁と、を有し、
前記ポンプと、通気孔と、弁とがループ状に構成され、前記蒸発器を加圧したときに前記ポンプの再呼び水が可能な、システム。
定義:この明細書本文および添付請求項で使われる以下の用語は、文脈上特に断りのない限り、以下に示す意味を持つものとする。
100 圧縮器
200 凝縮器
300 ヘッド
400 熱交換器
500 サンプ
600 コア
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- 明細書に記載の液体蒸留システム。
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